101
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Wang C, Fei J, Wang K, Li J. A Dipeptide‐Based Hierarchical Nanoarchitecture with Enhanced Catalytic Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18960-18963. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Keqing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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102
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Protoenzymes: The Case of Hyperbranched Polymer-Scaffolded ZnS Nanocrystals. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10080150. [PMID: 32823487 PMCID: PMC7460482 DOI: 10.3390/life10080150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are biological catalysts that are comprised of small-molecule, metal, or cluster catalysts augmented by biopolymeric scaffolds. It is conceivable that early in chemical evolution, ancestral enzymes opted for simpler, easier to assemble scaffolds. Herein, we describe such possible protoenzymes: hyperbranched polymer-scaffolded metal-sulfide nanocrystals. Hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (HyPEI) and glycerol citrate polymer-supported ZnS nanocrystals (NCs) are formed in a simple process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses of HyPEI-supported NCs reveal spherical particles with an average size of 10 nm that undergo only a modest aggregation over a 14-day incubation. The polymer-supported ZnS NCs are shown to possess a high photocatalytic activity in an eosin B photodegradation assay, making them an attractive model for the study of the origin of life under the “Zn world” theory dominated by a photocatalytic proto-metabolic redox reaction network. The catalyst, however, could be easily adapted to apply broadly to different protoenzymatic systems.
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103
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Carlomagno T, Cringoli MC, Kralj S, Kurbasic M, Fornasiero P, Pengo P, Marchesan S. Biocatalysis of D,L-Peptide Nanofibrillar Hydrogel. Molecules 2020; 25:E2995. [PMID: 32630001 PMCID: PMC7411710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides are attracting wide interest as biodegradable building blocks to achieve functional nanomaterials that do not persist in the environment. Amongst the many applications, biocatalysis is gaining momentum, although a clear structure-to-activity relationship is still lacking. This work applied emerging design rules to the heterochiral octapeptide sequence His-Leu-DLeu-Ile-His-Leu-DLeu-Ile for self-assembly into nanofibrils that, at higher concentration, give rise to a supramolecular hydrogel for the mimicry of esterase-like activity. The peptide was synthesized by solid-phase and purified by HPLC, while its identity was confirmed by 1H-NMR and electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS. The hydrogel formed by this peptide was studied with oscillatory rheometry, and the supramolecular behavior of the peptide was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, thioflavin T amyloid fluorescence assay, and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The biocatalytic activity was studied by monitoring the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) at neutral pH, and the reaction kinetics followed an apparent Michaelis-Menten model, for which a Lineweaver-Burk plot was produced to determine its enzymatic parameters for a comparison with the literature. Finally, LC-MS analysis was conducted on a series of experiments to evaluate the extent of, if any, undesired peptide acetylation at the N-terminus. In conclusion, we provide new insights that allow gaining a clearer picture of self-assembling peptide design rules for biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Carlomagno
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (T.C.); (M.C.C.); (M.K.); (P.F.)
| | - Maria C. Cringoli
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (T.C.); (M.C.C.); (M.K.); (P.F.)
- INSTM Trieste Research Unit, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Slavko Kralj
- Materials Synthesis Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Marina Kurbasic
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (T.C.); (M.C.C.); (M.K.); (P.F.)
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (T.C.); (M.C.C.); (M.K.); (P.F.)
- INSTM Trieste Research Unit, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (T.C.); (M.C.C.); (M.K.); (P.F.)
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (T.C.); (M.C.C.); (M.K.); (P.F.)
- INSTM Trieste Research Unit, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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104
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Bal S, Ghosh C, Ghosh T, Vijayaraghavan RK, Das D. Non-Equilibrium Polymerization of Cross-β Amyloid Peptides for Temporal Control of Electronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13506-13510. [PMID: 32348633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic collapse plays crucial roles in protein functions, from accessing the complex three-dimensional structures of native enzymes to the dynamic polymerization of non-equilibrium microtubules. However, hydrophobic collapse can also lead to the thermodynamically downhill aggregation of aberrant proteins, which has interestingly led to the development of a unique class of soft nanomaterials. There remain critical gaps in the understanding of the mechanisms of how hydrophobic collapse can regulate such aggregation. Demonstrated herein is a methodology for non-equilibrium amyloid polymerization through mutations of the core sequence of Aβ peptides by a thermodynamically activated moiety. An out of equilibrium state is realized because of the negative feedback from the transiently formed cross-β amyloid networks. Such non-equilibrium amyloid nanostructures were utilized to access temporal control over its electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Bal
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Chandranath Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Tapan Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Ratheesh K Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Dibyendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
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105
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Bal S, Ghosh C, Ghosh T, Vijayaraghavan RK, Das D. Non‐Equilibrium Polymerization of Cross‐β Amyloid Peptides for Temporal Control of Electronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Bal
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Chandranath Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Tapan Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Ratheesh K. Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Dibyendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
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106
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Zozulia O, Korendovych IV. Semi-Rationally Designed Short Peptides Self-Assemble and Bind Hemin to Promote Cyclopropanation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8108-8112. [PMID: 32128962 PMCID: PMC7274867 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of short peptides gives rise to versatile nanoassemblies capable of promoting efficient catalysis. We have semi-rationally designed a series of seven-residue peptides that form hemin-binding catalytic amyloids to facilitate enantioselective cyclopropanation with efficiencies that rival those of engineered hemin proteins. These results demonstrate that: 1) Catalytic amyloids can bind complex metallocofactors to promote practically important multisubstrate transformations. 2) Even essentially flat surfaces of amyloid assemblies can impart a substantial degree of enantioselectivity without the need for extensive optimization. 3) The ease of peptide preparation allows for straightforward incorporation of unnatural amino acids and the preparation of peptides made from d-amino acids with complete reversal of enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Zozulia
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Ivan V Korendovych
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
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107
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Zaguri D, Shaham-Niv S, Chakraborty P, Arnon Z, Makam P, Bera S, Rencus-Lazar S, Stoddart PR, Gazit E, Reynolds NP. Nanomechanical Properties and Phase Behavior of Phenylalanine Amyloid Ribbon Assemblies and Amorphous Self-Healing Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21992-22001. [PMID: 32307977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phenylalanine was the minimalistic and first of numerous nonproteinaceous building blocks to be demonstrated to form amyloid-like fibrils. This unexpected organization of such a simple building block into canonical architecture, which was previously observed only with proteins and peptides, has numerous implications for medicine and supramolecular chemistry. However, the morphology of phenylalanine fibrils and their mechanical properties was never characterized in solutions. Here, using electron and atomic force microscopy, we analyze the morphological and mechanical properties of phenylalanine fibrils in both air and fluids. The fibrils demonstrate an exceptionally high Young's modulus (up to 30 GPa) and are found to be composed of intertwined protofilaments in a helical or twisted ribbon morphology. In addition, X-ray scattering experiments provide convincing evidence of an amyloidal cross-β-like secondary structure within the nanoassemblies. Furthermore, increasing the phenylalanine concentration results in the formation of highly homogenous, noncrystalline, self-healing hydrogels that display storage and loss moduli significantly higher than similar noncovalently cross-linked biomolecular nanofibrillar scaffolds. These remarkably stiff nanofibrillar hydrogels can be harnessed for various technological and biomedical applications, such as self-healing, printable, structural, load-bearing 3D scaffolds. The properties of this simple but quite remarkable hydrogel open a possibility to utilize it in the biomaterial industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Zaguri
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shira Shaham-Niv
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Metabolite Medicine Division, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Priyadarshi Chakraborty
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Zohar Arnon
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Pandeeswar Makam
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Santu Bera
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sigal Rencus-Lazar
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Paul R Stoddart
- ARC Training Centre in Biodevices, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Ehud Gazit
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Metabolite Medicine Division, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Nicholas P Reynolds
- ARC Training Centre in Biodevices, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
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108
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Roy B, Pal S, Govindaraju T. Intrinsic Role of Molecular Architectonics in Enhancing the Catalytic Activity of Lead in Glucose Hydrolysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:14057-14063. [PMID: 32134618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lewis acidity plays a key role in the catalytic activity of lead ion (PbII) in the hydrolysis of glucose in solution under harsh synthetic conditions. We report a number of structurally similar d-gluconamide amphiphiles as functional organic ligands with active an -NH center capable of coordinating PbII (viz., PbII-N-C) in basic condition to enhance the catalytic efficiency through the scheme of molecular architectonics. Amphiphiles with different hydrophobic unit form assembly-architectures with a varying second coordination sphere around the active metal ion center. As a result, the active PbII center in each architecture exhibits substantially different efficiency toward catalyzing the glucose hydrolysis under ambient temperature. The catalytic performance of the dynamic and reversible gluconamide-PbII assembly-architectures are highly dependent on their chemical environments in solution. Further, the active PbII center of gluconamide-PbII complex in the assembly architecture and dispersed states exhibits distinct outcomes with the former being a superior catalyst than the latter as well as PbII alone. The current study demonstrates the potential of molecular architectonics that relies on the hydrophobic units of designer functional amphiphiles to enrich surface electron density with enhanced σ-donation ability through space which substantially improves the catalytic efficiency of PbII toward glucose hydrolysis at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bappaditya Roy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Satyajit Pal
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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109
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Zozulia O, Korendovych IV. Semi‐Rationally Designed Short Peptides Self‐Assemble and Bind Hemin to Promote Cyclopropanation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Zozulia
- Department of ChemistrySyracuse University 111 College Place Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Ivan V. Korendovych
- Department of ChemistrySyracuse University 111 College Place Syracuse NY 13244 USA
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110
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Kleinsmann AJ, Nachtsheim BJ. A minimalistic hydrolase based on co-assembled cyclic dipeptides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:102-107. [PMID: 31799587 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of small peptides into larger aggregates is an important process for the fundamental understanding of abiogenesis. In this article we demonstrate that blends of cyclic dipeptides (2,5-diketopiperazines - DKPs) bearing either histidine or cysteine in combination with a lipophilic amino acid form highly stable aggregates in aqueous solution with esterase-like activity. We demonstrate that the catalytic activity is based on an intermolecular cooperative behavior between histidine and cysteine. A high control of the molecular arrangement of the peptide assemblies was gained by C-H-π interactions between Phe and Leu or Val sidechains, resulting in a significant increase in catalytic activity. These interactions were strongly supported by Hartree-Fock calculations and finally confirmed via1H-NMR HRMAS NOE spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Kleinsmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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111
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Sarkhel B, Chatterjee A, Das D. Covalent Catalysis by Cross β Amyloid Nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4098-4103. [PMID: 32083482 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The binding pockets of extant enzymes feature precise positioning of amino acid residues that facilitate multiple complex transformations exploiting covalent and non-covalent interactions. Reversible covalent anchoring is extensively used as an efficient tool by Nature for activating modern enzymes such as esterases and dehydratases and also for proteins like opsins for the complex process of visual phototransduction. Here we construct paracrystalline amyloid surfaces through the self-propagation of short peptides which offer binding pockets exposed with arrays of imidazoles and lysines. As covalent catalysis is utilized by modern-day enzymes, these homogeneous amyloid nanotubes exploit Schiff imine formation via the exposed lysines to efficiently hydrolyze both activated and inactivated esters. Controls where lysines were mutated with charged residues accessed similar morphologies but did not augment the rate. The designed amyloid microphases thus foreshadow the generation of binding pockets of advanced proteins and have the potential to contribute to the development of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishakhi Sarkhel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Ayan Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Dibyendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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112
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Jeong WJ, Yu J, Song WJ. Proteins as diverse, efficient, and evolvable scaffolds for artificial metalloenzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9586-9599. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03137b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We have extracted and categorized the desirable properties of proteins that are adapted as the scaffolds for artificial metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jae Jeong
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseung Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Ju Song
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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113
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Biswas S, Kumar M, Levine AM, Jimenez I, Ulijn RV, Braunschweig AB. Visible-light photooxidation in water by 1O2-generating supramolecular hydrogels. Chem Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06481h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An aqueous photocatalytic system exploits photophysical properties arising from the formation of supramolecular hydrogels, with properties and assembly modulated by the amino acids appended to an organic chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankarsan Biswas
- Advanced Science Research Center
- Graduate Center
- City University of New York
- New York
- USA
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Advanced Science Research Center
- Graduate Center
- City University of New York
- New York
- USA
| | - Andrew M. Levine
- Advanced Science Research Center
- Graduate Center
- City University of New York
- New York
- USA
| | - Ian Jimenez
- Advanced Science Research Center
- Graduate Center
- City University of New York
- New York
- USA
| | - Rein V. Ulijn
- Advanced Science Research Center
- Graduate Center
- City University of New York
- New York
- USA
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- Advanced Science Research Center
- Graduate Center
- City University of New York
- New York
- USA
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114
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