101
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Higgins JA, Fennell JL. Providing for women's pleasure in the next generation of condoms. J Sex Med 2013; 10:3151-3. [PMID: 23981853 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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102
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Cousins G, Layte R, Ingham R, McGee H. Sexual risk-taking at home and on holidays: the importance of context for the late application of condoms. Sex Health 2013; 10:414-8. [PMID: 23838080 DOI: 10.1071/sh13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have examined condom use during 'holiday' sex but have not considered condom errors in this context. This study aims to identify factors associated with late application of condoms during participants' most recent vaginal intercourse at home and away from home (holidays or short breaks). METHOD Participants aged 19-30 years from a national Irish survey were recontacted (n=388; 51% men; mean age: 23.9 years). Telephone interviews regarding participants' most recent sex at home (n=362) and away from home (n=178) were conducted. RESULTS A higher proportion reported condom use away from home (79% v. 62%), with a lower prevalence of late application (14% v. 24%). Pregnancy prevention as the primary motive for condom use increased the odds of late application at home (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.10-9.90) and away (AOR: 3.97, 95% CI: 1.36-11.59). A weak desire to use a condom also increased the likelihood of late application at home (AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.03-5.62) and away (AOR: 11.18, 95% CI: 2.84-43.98). Subgroup analysis of those reporting both sexual events suggests that young adults take greater sexual risks with casual partners at home compared to away. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that young adults take greater sexual risks at home than when away. Regardless of location, young adults are most likely to report late application when they have a weak desire to use a condom and when they use condoms primarily to prevent pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gráinne Cousins
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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103
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Motaze NV, Okwundu CI, Temfack E, Mboudou E. Male versus female condoms for contraception. Hippokratia 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nkengafac V Motaze
- Yaoundé Central Hospital; Centre for Development of Best Practices in Health (CDBPH); Henri Dunant Avenue PO Box 87 Yaoundé Centre Province Cameroon
| | - Charles I Okwundu
- Stellenbosch University; Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Tygerberg South Africa
| | | | - Emile Mboudou
- University of Yaounde; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Yaounde Cameroon
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104
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Ramanathan S, Chakrapani V, Ramakrishnan L, Goswami P, Yadav D, George B, Sen S, Rachakulla H, Subramanian T, Paranjape RS. Factors Associated with Use of Latex Condom-Compatible Lubricants by Men Who Have Sex with Men in India: Implications for HIV Prevention. JOURNAL OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 2013; 2013:161085. [PMID: 26316951 PMCID: PMC4475579 DOI: 10.1155/2013/161085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined the prevalence and type of rectal lubricants use and factors associated with exclusive use of latex-condom compatible lubricants (water-based lubricants) among men who have sex with men (MSM) using data from a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009/10 in three Indian states. Using time-location cluster sampling, 3880 MSM were recruited from cruising sites. We used multiple logistic regression to assess the association between type of lubricants used and sociodemographic and programmatic indicators. Among those who reported using lubricants (64%) more than half (53%) exclusively used water-based lubricants, less than one-tenth used exclusively oil-based lubricants, and nearly 40% used both water-based and oil-based lubricants. Factors associated with exclusive use of water-based lubricants were exposure to HIV prevention interventions (AOR: 6.18, 95% CI 4.82 to 7.92) and kothi-identified MSM-feminine/anal-receptive (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI 2.12 to 3.10). Targeted HIV interventions among MSM need to promote and distribute latex condom-compatible lubricants for use during anal sex-irrespective of their presumed or stated sexual role in anal sex, and educate them not to use oil-based lubricants with condoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreena Ramanathan
- FHI 360 India, H-5 (Ground Floor), Green Park Extension, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Venkatesan Chakrapani
- Centre for Sexuality and Health Research and Policy (C-SHaRP), 38 (Old No. 167), Rangarajapuram Main Road, Kodmbakkam, Chennai 600 024, India
| | - Lakshmi Ramakrishnan
- FHI 360 India, H-5 (Ground Floor), Green Park Extension, New Delhi 110016, India
| | | | - Diwakar Yadav
- FHI 360 India, H-5 (Ground Floor), Green Park Extension, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Bitra George
- FHI 360 India, H-5 (Ground Floor), Green Park Extension, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shrabanti Sen
- FHI 360 India, H-5 (Ground Floor), Green Park Extension, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Harikumar Rachakulla
- National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Tarnaka, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Thilakavathi Subramanian
- National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR), Second Main Road, TNHB, Ayapakkam, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Ramesh S. Paranjape
- National AIDS Research Institute (ICMR), T 71-1A/2, M.I.D.C., Telco Road, Bhosari, Pune 411 026, India
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105
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Beltzer N, Saboni L, Sauvage C, Lydié N, Semaille C, Warszawski J. An 18-year follow-up of HIV knowledge, risk perception, and practices in young adults. AIDS 2013; 27:1011-1019. [PMID: 23698065 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32835e1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate trends over the last 18 years in HIV-related knowledge, risk perceptions, and sexual behaviors in young adults. METHODS Data were obtained from six KABP (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices) surveys (1992, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2004, and 2010) from representative samples of the French population. Surveys were similar in terms of data collection and target populations: 2362 men and 2774 women aged 18-29 were interviewed by telephone. RESULTS Young people were very familiar with the true routes of HIV transmission throughout the full period. However, in 2010, approximately 30% erroneously believed that mosquito bites could transmit HIV versus only 12% in 1994. They were less convinced about the efficacy of condoms in protecting against HIV: approximately 50% in 2010 versus 70-80% in 1992-1994. The proportion of respondents very afraid of AIDS significantly decreased from a maximum of 44% in 1994 to approximately 20% in 2010. Condom use at first intercourse was widespread after 1995 and sex without condoms in the previous year was far less frequently reported in 2010 than in 1992. Nevertheless, the proportion of individuals reporting condom use at their most recent intercourse in 2010 was the lowest reported since 1994, with an increase in young men reporting no contraception use from 9.2% in 2004 to 18.8% in 2010. CONCLUSION Young people appear to misunderstand certain sexually transmitted infection/HIV transmission mechanisms. Other indicators for 2010 reflected a low level of HIV risk perception, distrust in condom efficacy, and a decrease in adopting prevention practices, which highlights the need to adapt preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Beltzer
- aParis Region Health Observatory bFrench Institute for Health Promotion and Health Education, INPES (Institut national de prévention et d'éducation pour la santé) cFrench Institute for Public Health Surveillance, INVS (Institut national de veille sanitaire), Paris dINSERM CESP 1018 Team VIH/IST, Univ Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Public Health Department Hospital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
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106
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Sterck O. Why are Testing Rates so Low in Sub-Saharan Africa? Misconceptions and Strategic Behaviors. Forum Health Econ Policy 2013; 16:219-257. [PMID: 31419867 DOI: 10.1515/fhep-2012-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Voluntary testing and counseling (VTC) is a popular method for fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The purpose of VTC is to reduce the incidence of the virus in a two-fold manner. First, testing provides access to health care and antiretroviral therapies that diminish the transmission rate of the virus. Second, counseling encourages safer behavior for not only individuals who test HIV-negative and wish to avoid HIV/AIDS infection but also altruistic individuals who test HIV-positive and wish to protect their partners from becoming infected by HIV. Surprisingly, DHS surveys that were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa provide empirical evidence that testing services are underutilized. Moreover, it is rare for both partners in a couple to be tested for HIV. This paper proposes a theoretical model that indicates how misperceptions about the HIV/AIDS virus may explain these puzzles. More specifically, this study demonstrates that individuals who are at risk of HIV infection may act strategically to avoid the cost of testing if they overestimate the risk of HIV transmission or believe that health care is not required if HIV is asymptomatic. The correction of false beliefs and the promotion of self-testing are expected to increase HIV testing rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Sterck
- IRES (Université catholique de Louvain), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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107
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Factors associated with condom use problems during vaginal sex with main and non-main partners. Sex Transm Dis 2012; 39:687-93. [PMID: 22895490 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0b013e31825ef325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incorrect condom use is a common problem that can undermine their prevention impact. We assessed the prevalence of 2 condom use problems, breakage/slippage and partial use, compared problems by partnership type, and examined associations with respondent, partner, and partnership characteristics. METHODS Data were collected at 3-month intervals during a 12-month period (1999-2000) among urban sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic users. Condom use problems were compared between partnership types using z tests for equality of proportions. Logistic generalized estimating equations modeling accounted for within-participant correlation of repeated measures. RESULTS Overall 3297 respondents reported 9304 main and 6793 non-main partnerships; condoms were used at least once in 4942 (53.0%) and 4523 (66.6%) of these partnerships, respectively. Condom breakage/slippage was reported during 6.0% of uses (5.1% main, 9.4% non-main) and partial use during 12.5% of uses (12.8% main, 11.5% non-main). The proportion of respondents experiencing any condom use problem in the prior 3 months was higher among main compared with non-main partnerships: 39.1% versus 29.9% had either problem; 22.5% versus 19.0% had breakage/slippage only; 21.8% versus 18.7% had partial use; and 8.7% versus 7.1% had both use problems. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with condom use problems varied by partnership type and respondent sex. The most common predictors of problems across models were sex while high and inconsistent condom use. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the diverse set of risk factors for condom use problems at the individual, partner, and partnerships levels.
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108
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109
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Crosby RA, Charnigo RA, Weathers C, Caliendo AM, Shrier LA. Condom effectiveness against non-viral sexually transmitted infections: a prospective study using electronic daily diaries. Sex Transm Infect 2012; 88:484-9. [PMID: 23002192 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To prospectively evaluate the protective value of consistent and correct use of latex condoms against the acquisition of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis. METHODS Patients (N=929) attending clinics that treat sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were prospectively followed for up to 6 months. Urine STI nucleic acid amplification testing was performed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Participants were instructed to respond to daily prompts from a handheld device by completing a report for each penile-vaginal sexual intercourse event. Generalised estimating equation models examined associations of consistent as well as consistent and correct condom use with STI incidence over 3-month intervals. RESULTS Consistent condom use was not significantly associated with STI incidence (Estimated OR (EOR)=0.75; 95% CI (CI) 0.43 to 1.30; p=0.31). However, individuals who used condoms both correctly and consistently were estimated to have 59% lower odds of acquiring an STI (EOR=0.41; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.90; p=.026), compared to those who did not. CONCLUSIONS The correct as well as the consistent use of condoms greatly reduces the odds of non-viral STI acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Crosby
- Department of Health Behavior, College of Public Health at the University of Kentucky, 151 Washington Avenue, Lexington, KY 40506-0003, USA.
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110
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Exavery A, Mubyazi GM, Rugemalila J, Mushi AK, Massaga JJ, Malebo HM, Tenu F, Ikingura JK, Malekia S, Makundi EA, Ruta AS, Ogondiek JW, Wiketye V, Malecela MN. Acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among 10-19 year-old adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts, Tanzania. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:569. [PMID: 22892205 PMCID: PMC3490789 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a leading challenge for global health. Although condoms are acknowledged for their key role on preventing HIV transmission, low and inappropriate use of condoms persists in Tanzania and elsewhere in Africa. This study assesses factors affecting acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts of Tanzania. Methods Data were collected in 2011 as part of a larger cross-sectional survey on condom use among 10–19 year-olds in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts of Tanzania using a structured questionnaire. Associations between acceptability of condom promotion and distribution and each of the explanatory variables were tested using Chi Square. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine independent predictors of the acceptability of condom promotion and distribution using STATA (11) statistical software at 5% significance level. Results Mean age of the 1,327 adolescent participants (50.5% being males) was 13.5 years (SD = 1.4). Acceptance of condom promotion and distribution was found among 37% (35% in Mpwapwa and 39% in Mbeya rural) of the adolescents. Being sexually active and aged 15–19 was the strongest predictor of the acceptability of condom promotion and distribution (OR = 7.78, 95% CI 4.65-12.99). Others were; not agreeing that a condom is effective in preventing transmissions of STIs including HIV (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.20-0.56), being a resident of Mbeya rural district (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.28-2.19), feeling comfortable being seen by parents/guardians holding/buying condoms (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.40-3.46) and living with a guardian (OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.08-2.04). Conclusion Acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural is low. Effect of sexual activity on the acceptability of condom promotion and distribution is age-dependent and was the strongest. Feeling comfortable being seen by parents/guardians buying or holding condoms, perceived ability of condoms to offer protection against HIV/AIDS infections, district of residence and living arrangements also offered significant predictive effect. Knowledge of these factors is vital in designing successful and sustainable condom promotion and distribution programs in Tanzania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amon Exavery
- Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 78373, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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111
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Crosby RA, Cates W. Condom use: still a sexual health staple. Sex Health 2012; 9:1-3. [PMID: 22348626 DOI: 10.1071/sh11111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article introduces and summarizes the contents of this special edition. Given the exceptional potential of condoms to avert epidemics of sexually transmitted infections and teen or unintended pregnancy - even in low-resource environments - this in-depth examination of current knowledge, practice, and issues with condoms and their use is an important asset for educators and practitioners worldwide.
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112
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Crosby RA, Ricks J, Young A. Condom migration resulting from circumcision, microbicides and vaccines: brief review and methodological considerations. Sex Health 2012; 9:96-102. [PMID: 22348637 DOI: 10.1071/sh11091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an updated review of condom migration as a means of highlighting methodological issues for future studies of this behavioural issue. METHODS Electronic searches of PubMed, MEDLINE and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were carried out in October 2010 and updated in January 2011 for English-language articles published from 1994 onward. RESULTS Evidence addressing condom migration from microbicides and vaccines is vastly underdeveloped, simply because these products are still experimental. In contrast, the more advanced evidence regarding male circumcision is hopeful because it suggests that migration may not be an overwhelming issue. Nonetheless, the entire body of empirical evidence on this question could be substantially expanded and improved. CONCLUSION Until stronger evidence suggests that condom migration is unlikely, it is important to be mindful of the potential for condom migration to occur in response to biomedical interventions (circumcision, microbicides and vaccines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Crosby
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, 111 Washington Avenue, Lexington, KY 40536-0003, USA.
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113
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Warner L, Gallo MF, Macaluso M. Condom use around the globe: how can we fulfil the prevention potential of male condoms? Sex Health 2012; 9:4-9. [DOI: 10.1071/sh11072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite a global epidemic of sexually transmissible infections and the availability and endorsement of condoms as an effective intervention, the overall use of condoms remains low. This review explores various challenges and opportunities to fully realizing the prevention potential for condoms.
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