101
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Abstract
The MYC oncogene plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of human cancers. It encodes a transcription factor that has broad reaching effects on many cellular functions, most importantly in driving cell growth through regulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, metabolism, and cell cycle. Upon binding DNA with its partner MAX, MYC recruits factors that release paused RNA polymerases to drive transcription and amplify gene expression. At physiologic levels of MYC, occupancy of high-affinity DNA-binding sites drives 'house-keeping' metabolic genes and those involved in ribosome and mitochondrial biogenesis for biomass accumulation. At high oncogenic levels of MYC, invasion of low-affinity sites and enhancer sequences alter the transcriptome and cause metabolic imbalances, which activates stress response and checkpoints such as p53. Loss of checkpoints unleashes MYC's full oncogenic potential to couple metabolism with neoplastic cell growth and division. Cells that overexpress MYC, however, are vulnerable to metabolic perturbations that provide potential new avenues for cancer therapy.
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102
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del Solar V, Lizardo D, Li N, Hurst J, Brais C, Atilla-Gokcumen G. Differential Regulation of Specific Sphingolipids in Colon Cancer Cells during Staurosporine-Induced Apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:1662-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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103
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Ifa DR, Eberlin LS. Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Cancer Diagnosis and Surgical Margin Evaluation. Clin Chem 2015; 62:111-23. [PMID: 26555455 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2014.237172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a clinical need for new technologies that would enable rapid disease diagnosis based on diagnostic molecular signatures. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry has revolutionized the means by which molecular information can be obtained from tissue samples in real time and with minimal sample pretreatment. New developments in ambient ionization techniques applied to clinical research suggest that ambient ionization mass spectrometry will soon become a routine medical tool for tissue diagnosis. CONTENT This review summarizes the main developments in ambient ionization techniques applied to tissue analysis, with focus on desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, probe electrospray ionization, touch spray, and rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry. We describe their applications to human cancer research and surgical margin evaluation, highlighting integrated approaches tested for ex vivo and in vivo human cancer tissue analysis. We also discuss the challenges for clinical implementation of these tools and offer perspectives on the future of the field. SUMMARY A variety of studies have showcased the value of ambient ionization mass spectrometry for rapid and accurate cancer diagnosis. Small molecules have been identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers, including metabolites, fatty acids, and glycerophospholipids. Statistical analysis allows tissue discrimination with high accuracy rates (>95%) being common. This young field has challenges to overcome before it is ready to be broadly accepted as a medical tool for cancer diagnosis. Growing research in new, integrated ambient ionization mass spectrometry technologies and the ongoing improvements in the existing tools make this field very promising for future translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demian R Ifa
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
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104
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Carter CL, Jones JW, Barrow K, Kieta K, Taylor-Howell C, Kearney S, Smith CP, Gibbs A, Farese AM, MacVittie TJ, Kane MA. A MALDI-MSI Approach to the Characterization of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury and Medical Countermeasure Development. HEALTH PHYSICS 2015; 109:466-78. [PMID: 26425906 PMCID: PMC4745118 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury is highly complex and characterized by multiple pathologies, which occur over time and sporadically throughout the lung. This complexity makes biomarker investigations and medical countermeasure screenings challenging. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has the ability to resolve differences spatially in molecular profiles within the lung following radiation exposure and can aid in biomarker identification and pharmaceutical efficacy investigations. MALDI-MSI was applied to the investigation of a whole-thorax lung irradiation model in non-human primates (NHP) for lipidomic analysis and medical countermeasure distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L. Carter
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Jace W. Jones
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Kory Barrow
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Kaitlyn Kieta
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Cheryl Taylor-Howell
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Sean Kearney
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Cassandra P. Smith
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Allison Gibbs
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Ann M. Farese
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Thomas J. MacVittie
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Maureen A. Kane
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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105
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Hsu CC, Chou PT, Zare RN. Imaging of Proteins in Tissue Samples Using Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11171-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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106
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Yang L, Li M, Shan Y, Shen S, Bai Y, Liu H. Recent advances in lipidomics for disease research. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:38-50. [PMID: 26394722 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipidomics is an important branch of metabolomics, which aims at the detailed analysis of lipid species and their multiple roles in the living system. In recent years, the development of various analytical methods for effective identification and characterization of lipids has greatly promoted the process of lipidomics. Meanwhile, as many diseases demonstrate a remarkable alteration in lipid profiles compared with that of healthy people, lipidomics has been extensively introduced to disease research. The comprehensive lipid profiling provides a chance to discover novel biomarkers for specific disease. In addition, it plays a crucial role in the study of lipid metabolism, which could illuminate the pathogenesis of diseases. In this review, after brief discussion of analytical methods for lipidomics in clinical research, we focus on the recent advances of lipidomics related to four types of diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yabing Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.,National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing, China
| | - Sensen Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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107
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Margulis K, Neofytou EA, Beygui RE, Zare RN. Celecoxib Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Angiogenesis. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9416-9426. [PMID: 26244654 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Controllable induction of blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) presents an important therapeutic goal in ischemic diseases and is also beneficial in various normal physiological processes. In this study, we have shown that nanoparticles of celecoxib, a lipophilic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, effectively evoke therapeutic angiogenesis in animal models, in both normal and ischemic organs. Celecoxib is widely considered to inhibit angiogenesis, although a recent study suggests that it can instead promote blood vessel growth in cancer cell lines. The hydrophobic nature of this drug necessitates its administration in nanoparticulate form in order to elicit a perceivable pharmacological response. We developed a facile method for nanoparticle formation by solvent extraction from microemulsions in supercritical carbon dioxide. This method exploits a spontaneous formation of nanometric domains within the microemulsion system and their rapid conversion to nanoparticles by supercritical fluid. The resultant nanoparticles were administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible hydrogel, and caused a 4-fold increase in blood vessel count in normally perfused skin compared with drug-free particles. They were at least as effective in inducing angiogenesis as nanoparticles of deferoxamine, a well-established neovascularization promoter. Next, we evaluated their effect on ischemic tissues in murine model of myocardial infarction. We found that celecoxib nanoparticles were able to induce a significant vascularization of ischemic myocardium and hamper the progression of heart failure, which points toward a new approach for treating ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Margulis
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Evgenios A Neofytou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305-5407, United States
| | - Ramin E Beygui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305-5407, United States
- Heart and Vascular Center, NorthBay Medical Center ,1200 B. Gale Wilson Boulevard, Fairfield, California 94533, United States
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
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108
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Cacciatore S, Loda M. Innovation in metabolomics to improve personalized healthcare. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1346:57-62. [PMID: 26014591 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is the systemic study of all small molecules (metabolites) and their concentration as affected by pathological and physiological alterations or environmental or other factors. Metabolic alterations represent a "window" on the complex interactions between genetic expression, enzyme activity, and metabolic reactions. Techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, Fourier-transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy, have led to significant advances in metabolomics. The field is shifting from feasibility studies to biological and clinical applications. Fields of application range from cancer biology to stem cell research and assessment of xenobiotics and drugs in tissues and single cells. Cross-validation across high-throughput platforms has allowed findings from expression profiling to be confirmed with metabolomics. Specific genetic alterations appear to drive unique metabolic programs. These, in turn, can be used as biomarkers of genetic subtypes of prostate cancer or as discovery tools for therapeutic targeting of metabolic enzymes. Thus, metabolites in blood may serve as biomarkers of tumor state, including inferring driving oncogenes. Novel applications such as these suggest that metabolic profiling may be utilized in refining personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cacciatore
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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109
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MYC oncogene overexpression drives renal cell carcinoma in a mouse model through glutamine metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:6539-44. [PMID: 25964345 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1507228112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The MYC oncogene is frequently mutated and overexpressed in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, there have been no studies on the causative role of MYC or any other oncogene in the initiation or maintenance of kidney tumorigenesis. Here, we show through a conditional transgenic mouse model that the MYC oncogene, but not the RAS oncogene, initiates and maintains RCC. Desorption electrospray ionization-mass-spectrometric imaging was used to obtain chemical maps of metabolites and lipids in the mouse RCC samples. Gene expression analysis revealed that the mouse tumors mimicked human RCC. The data suggested that MYC-induced RCC up-regulated the glutaminolytic pathway instead of the glycolytic pathway. The pharmacologic inhibition of glutamine metabolism with bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide impeded MYC-mediated RCC tumor progression. Our studies demonstrate that MYC overexpression causes RCC and points to the inhibition of glutamine metabolism as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of this disease.
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110
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Marien E, Meister M, Muley T, Fieuws S, Bordel S, Derua R, Spraggins J, Van de Plas R, Dehairs J, Wouters J, Bagadi M, Dienemann H, Thomas M, Schnabel PA, Caprioli RM, Waelkens E, Swinnen JV. Non-small cell lung cancer is characterized by dramatic changes in phospholipid profiles. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1539-48. [PMID: 25784292 PMCID: PMC4503522 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death globally. To develop better diagnostics and more effective treatments, research in the past decades has focused on identification of molecular changes in the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and more recently also the metabolome. Phospholipids, which nevertheless play a central role in cell functioning, remain poorly explored. Here, using a mass spectrometry (MS)-based phospholipidomics approach, we profiled 179 phospholipid species in malignant and matched non-malignant lung tissue of 162 NSCLC patients (73 in a discovery cohort and 89 in a validation cohort). We identified 91 phospholipid species that were differentially expressed in cancer versus non-malignant tissues. Most prominent changes included a decrease in sphingomyelins (SMs) and an increase in specific phosphatidylinositols (PIs). Also a decrease in multiple phosphatidylserines (PSs) was observed, along with an increase in several phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) species, particularly those with 40 or 42 carbon atoms in both fatty acyl chains together. 2D-imaging MS of the most differentially expressed phospholipids confirmed their differential abundance in cancer cells. We identified lipid markers that can discriminate tumor versus normal tissue and different NSCLC subtypes with an AUC (area under the ROC curve) of 0.999 and 0.885, respectively. In conclusion, using both shotgun and 2D-imaging lipidomics analysis, we uncovered a hitherto unrecognized alteration in phospholipid profiles in NSCLC. These changes may have important biological implications and may have significant potential for biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyra Marien
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Meister
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Research Unit, Heidelberg, Germany.,TLRC-H - Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Research Unit, Heidelberg, Germany.,TLRC-H - Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Fieuws
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, I-Biostat KU Leuven-University of Leuven and Universiteit Hasselt, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergio Bordel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Systems Biology Group, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rita Derua
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeffrey Spraggins
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Raf Van de Plas
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Delft University of Technology, Delft Center for Systems and Control, CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jens Wouters
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Muralidhararao Bagadi
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Dienemann
- TLRC-H - Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Thomas
- TLRC-H - Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp A Schnabel
- TLRC-H - Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany.,University Hospital Heidelberg, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Etienne Waelkens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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111
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Lostun D, Perez CJ, Licence P, Barrett DA, Ifa DR. Reactive DESI-MS imaging of biological tissues with dicationic ion-pairing compounds. Anal Chem 2015; 87:3286-93. [PMID: 25710577 DOI: 10.1021/ac5042445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This work illustrates reactive desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) with a stable dication on biological tissues. Rat brain and zebra fish tissues were investigated with reactive DESI-MS in which the dictation forms a stable bond with biological tissue fatty acids and lipids. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used to characterize the dication (DC9) and to identify linked lipid-dication compounds formed. The fragment m/z 85 common to both DC9 fragmentation and DC9-lipid fragmentation was used to confirm that DC9 is indeed bonded with the lipids. Lipid signals in the range of m/z 250-350 and phosphoethanolamines (PE) m/z 700-800 observed in negative ion mode were also detected in positive ion mode with reactive DESI-MS with enhanced signal intensity. Reactive DESI-MS imaging in positive ion mode of rat brain and zebra fish tissues allowed enhanced detection of compounds commonly observed in the negative ion mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Lostun
- †Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Consuelo J Perez
- †Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Peter Licence
- ‡School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - David A Barrett
- §Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Demian R Ifa
- †Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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112
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Carroll PA, Diolaiti D, McFerrin L, Gu H, Djukovic D, Du J, Cheng PF, Anderson S, Ulrich M, Hurley JB, Raftery D, Ayer DE, Eisenman RN. Deregulated Myc requires MondoA/Mlx for metabolic reprogramming and tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell 2015; 27:271-85. [PMID: 25640402 PMCID: PMC4326605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2014.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated Myc transcriptionally reprograms cell metabolism to promote neoplasia. Here we show that oncogenic Myc requires the Myc superfamily member MondoA, a nutrient-sensing transcription factor, for tumorigenesis. Knockdown of MondoA, or its dimerization partner Mlx, blocks Myc-induced reprogramming of multiple metabolic pathways, resulting in apoptosis. Identification and knockdown of genes coregulated by Myc and MondoA have allowed us to define metabolic functions required by deregulated Myc and demonstrate a critical role for lipid biosynthesis in survival of Myc-driven cancer. Furthermore, overexpression of a subset of Myc and MondoA coregulated genes correlates with poor outcome of patients with diverse cancers. Coregulation of cancer metabolism by Myc and MondoA provides the potential for therapeutics aimed at inhibiting MondoA and its target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Carroll
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Daniel Diolaiti
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Lisa McFerrin
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Room S148, P.O. Box 358057, Seattle, WA 98109-8057, USA
| | - Danijel Djukovic
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Room S148, P.O. Box 358057, Seattle, WA 98109-8057, USA
| | - Jianhai Du
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pei Feng Cheng
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Sarah Anderson
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Michelle Ulrich
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - James B Hurley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Room S148, P.O. Box 358057, Seattle, WA 98109-8057, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Donald E Ayer
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Robert N Eisenman
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, MS A2-025, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
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113
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Jarmusch AK, Kerian KS, Pirro V, Peat T, Thompson CA, Ramos-Vara JA, Childress MO, Cooks RG. Characteristic lipid profiles of canine non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from surgical biopsy tissue sections and fine needle aspirate smears by desorption electrospray ionization – mass spectrometry. Analyst 2015; 140:6321-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00825e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exploring lipid information characteristic of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using DESI – mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K. Jarmusch
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development
- Purdue University
- 560 Oval Drive
- USA
| | - Kevin S. Kerian
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development
- Purdue University
- 560 Oval Drive
- USA
| | - Valentina Pirro
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development
- Purdue University
- 560 Oval Drive
- USA
| | - Tyler Peat
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Craig A. Thompson
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - José A. Ramos-Vara
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Michael O. Childress
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development
- Purdue University
- 560 Oval Drive
- USA
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114
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Hsu CC, Dorrestein PC. Visualizing life with ambient mass spectrometry. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 31:24-34. [PMID: 25146170 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the development of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), many other ionization methods for ambient and atmospheric pressure mass spectrometry have been developed. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry has now been used for a wide variety of biological applications, including plant science, microbiology, neuroscience, and cancer pathology. Multimodal integration of atmospheric ionization sources with the other biotechnologies, as well as high performance computational methods for mass spectrometry data processing is one of the major emerging area's for ambient mass spectrometry. In this opinion article, we will highlight some of the most influential technological advances of ambient mass spectrometry in recent years and their applications to the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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