101
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Haffter P, McMullin TW, Fox TD. A genetic link between an mRNA-specific translational activator and the translation system in yeast mitochondria. Genetics 1990; 125:495-503. [PMID: 1696234 PMCID: PMC1204077 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/125.3.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial mRNA encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit III (coxIII) specifically requires the products of at least three nuclear genes, PET122, PET494 and PET54. pet122 mutations that remove 24-67 amino acid residues from the carboxyterminus of the gene product were found to be suppressed by unlinked nuclear mutations. These unlinked suppressors fail to suppress both a pet122 missense mutation and a complete pet122 deletion. One of the suppressor mutations causes a heat-sensitive nonrespiratory growth phenotype in an otherwise wild-type strain and reduces translation of all mitochondrial gene products in cells grown at high temperature. This suppressor maps to a newly identified gene on chromosome XV termed PET123. The sequence of a DNA fragment carrying PET123 contains one major open reading frame encoding a basic protein of 318 amino acids. Inactivation of the chromosomal copy of PET123 by interruption of this open reading frame causes cells to become rho- (sustain large deletions in their mtDNA). This phenotype is characteristic for null alleles of genes whose products are essential for general mitochondrial protein synthesis. Thus our data strongly suggest that the PET123 protein is a component of the mitochondrial translation apparatus that interacts directly with the coxIII-mRNA-specific translational activator PET122.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Haffter
- Section of Genetics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703
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102
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Riggs DL, Nomura M. Specific transcription of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 35 S rDNA by RNA polymerase I in vitro. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)39156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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103
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mosrin
- Département de Biologie, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
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104
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RPO41-independent maintenance of [rho-] mitochondrial DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1990. [PMID: 2152961 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.10.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of promoters in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been proposed to participate in replication initiation, giving rise to a primer through site-specific cleavage of an RNA transcript. To test whether transcription is essential for mtDNA maintenance, we examined two simple mtDNA deletion ([rho-]) genomes in yeast cells. One genome (HS3324) contains a consensus promoter (ATATAAGTA) for the mitochondrial RNA polymerase encoded by the nuclear gene RPO41, and the other genome (4a) does not. As anticipated, in RPO41 cells transcripts from the HS3324 genome were more abundant than were transcripts from the 4a genome. When the RPO41 gene was disrupted, both [rho-] genomes were efficiently maintained. The level of transcripts from HS3324 mtDNA was decreased greater than 400-fold in cells carrying the RPO41 disrupted gene; however, the low-level transcripts from 4a mtDNA were undiminished. These results indicate that replication of [rho-] genomes can be initiated in the absence of wild-type levels of the RPO41-encoded RNA polymerase.
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105
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Fangman WL, Henly JW, Brewer BJ. RPO41-independent maintenance of [rho-] mitochondrial DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1990; 10:10-5. [PMID: 2152961 PMCID: PMC360707 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.10.1.10-15.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of promoters in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been proposed to participate in replication initiation, giving rise to a primer through site-specific cleavage of an RNA transcript. To test whether transcription is essential for mtDNA maintenance, we examined two simple mtDNA deletion ([rho-]) genomes in yeast cells. One genome (HS3324) contains a consensus promoter (ATATAAGTA) for the mitochondrial RNA polymerase encoded by the nuclear gene RPO41, and the other genome (4a) does not. As anticipated, in RPO41 cells transcripts from the HS3324 genome were more abundant than were transcripts from the 4a genome. When the RPO41 gene was disrupted, both [rho-] genomes were efficiently maintained. The level of transcripts from HS3324 mtDNA was decreased greater than 400-fold in cells carrying the RPO41 disrupted gene; however, the low-level transcripts from 4a mtDNA were undiminished. These results indicate that replication of [rho-] genomes can be initiated in the absence of wild-type levels of the RPO41-encoded RNA polymerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Fangman
- Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195
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106
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Lisowsky T. Molecular analysis of the mitochondrial transcription factor mtf2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1990; 220:186-90. [PMID: 2183001 DOI: 10.1007/bf00260480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear gene for a new mitochondrial transcription factor (mtf2) was isolated by transformation of mutant pet-ts3504. It was localized on a 6.4 kb fragment of yeast genomic DNA by subcloning and complementation tests. Sequencing of a 1.7 kb DNA fragment revealed an open reading frame of 1320 bp. A transcript of 1400 nucleotides can be assigned to this region. Gene disruption of this reading frame in a wild-type yeast strain created a stable pet phenotype. Further analysis of this insertion mutation showed that it is allelic to the mutated gene of pet-ts3504. Comparison of the 5' upstream regions of MTF2 and a previously characterized mitochondrial transcription factor (MTF1) revealed common sequence motifs which may be important for coordinated regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lisowsky
- Botanisches Institut, Universität Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany
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107
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Lisowsky T, Michaelis G. Mutations in the genes for mitochondrial RNA polymerase and a second mitochondrial transcription factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1989; 219:125-8. [PMID: 2693937 DOI: 10.1007/bf00261167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In our previous work (Lisowsky et al. 1987; Lisowsky and Michaelis 1988) we have identified two nuclear pet genes of yeast that are required for mitochondrial transcription. In this report we show that one of these pet mutations, pet-ts798, maps in the RP041 gene encoding mitochondrial RNA polymerase. The temperature-sensitive lesion of mutant pet-ts798 can be suppressed by a second nuclear gene RF1023 (mtf1) when inserted into a high copy number plasmid. Our assumption that mtf1 codes for a 40 kDa mitochondrial transciription factor is supported by the fact that the cloned gene acts as an intergenic suppressor of a temperature-sensitive RNA polymerase mutant. A third nuclear gene (mtf2) for mitochondrial transcription was identified by analysing mutant pet-ts3504. The in vitro transcriptional activity of isolated mutant mitochondria is temperature sensitive suggesting the presence of an altered component of transcription inside mitochondria. The defect was confirmed by studies with a transcriptionally active DNA-protein complex and by testing the DNA-binding ability of mitochondrial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lisowsky
- Botanisches Institut, Universität Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany
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108
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Mortimer RK, Schild D, Contopoulou CR, Kans JA. Genetic map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, edition 10. Yeast 1989; 5:321-403. [PMID: 2678811 DOI: 10.1002/yea.320050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R K Mortimer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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109
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Grivell LA. Nucleo-mitochondrial interactions in yeast mitochondrial biogenesis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 182:477-93. [PMID: 2666128 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L A Grivell
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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110
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Lisowsky T, Michaelis G. A nuclear gene essential for mitochondrial replication suppresses a defect of mitochondrial transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1988; 214:218-23. [PMID: 2853292 DOI: 10.1007/bf00337714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A genomic DNA fragment from yeast was isolated by transforming a temperature sensitive pet mutant. This mutant, pet-ts 798, has previously been characterized by its altered mitochondrial transcription apparatus. Subcloning and DNA sequencing of the genomic DNA fragment identified a reading frame responsible for the restoration of the pet-ts phenotype. The reading frame of 1023 bp is transcribed as an RNA of about 1100 nucleotides. The putative protein of 40 kDa possesses a hydrophobic amino-terminus and acidic and basic domains characteristic of recently described transcriptional activators. The inactivation of the functional gene by the introduction of an insertion fragment into the reading frame, leads to a stable pet phenotype. Further analysis of this mutant created by gene disruption makes clear that the respiratory defect is caused by the complete loss of mitochondrial DNA. Experimental evidence is given that the cloned gene acts as an intergenic suppressor of the mutant pet-ts 798. Therefore, the isolated gene represents a new factor involved in the regulation of mitochondrial replication and transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lisowsky
- Botanisches Institut, Universität Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany
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111
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Two forms of RPO41-dependent RNA polymerase. Regulation of the RNA polymerase by glucose repression may control yeast mitochondrial gene expression. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)37761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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112
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The characterization of yeast mitochondrial RNA polymerase. A monomer of 150,000 daltons with a transcription factor of 70,000 daltons. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)81482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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113
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Mémet S, Gouy M, Marck C, Sentenac A, Buhler JM. RPA190, the gene coding for the largest subunit of yeast RNA polymerase A. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)69144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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114
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Schinkel AH, Koerkamp MJ, Touw EP, Tabak HF. Specificity factor of yeast mitochondrial RNA polymerase. Purification and interaction with core RNA polymerase. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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115
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Lisowsky T, Schweizer E, Michaelis G. A nuclear mutation affecting mitochondrial transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1987; 164:559-63. [PMID: 3552670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb11163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transcription was studied in a nuclear temperature-sensitive pet mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mitochondrial RNA levels in vivo and the in vitro transcriptional activities of isolated mitochondria were analysed. In comparison to the wild-type an overall reduction of mitochondrial gene expression together with a changed expression pattern was observed for the mutant, indicating a defect in mitochondrial RNA synthesis. These findings were supported by studies with a purified DNA-protein complex from yeast mitochondria. This complex was able to synthesize ribosomal and messenger RNAs in an in vitro system. Proteins from wild-type and mutant transcription complexes were tested for their DNA-binding abilities; one of the proteins identified in the wild type had either lost this ability or was absent in the mutant.
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116
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Del Giudice L, Massardo DR, Manna F, Wolf K. Isolation and characterization of a conditional mutant in Saccharomyces cerevisiae producing rho° petites at the non-permissive temperature. Curr Genet 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00420607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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117
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118
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119
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Thuriaux P, Mann C, Buhler JM, Treich I, Gudenus R, Mariotte S, Riva M, Sentenac A. Gene cloning and mutant isolation of subunits of RNA polymerases in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BASIC LIFE SCIENCES 1986; 40:519-31. [PMID: 3551922 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5251-8_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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