101
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Wang L, Yuan X, Li Z, Zhi F. The Role of Macrophage Autophagy in Asthma: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:7529685. [PMID: 37181813 PMCID: PMC10175021 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7529685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease frequently associated with airway inflammation and remodeling. The development of asthma involves various inflammatory phenotypes that impact therapeutic effects, and macrophages are master innate immune cells in the airway that exert diverse functions including phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and pathogen clearance, playing an important role in the pathogeneses of asthma. Recent studies have indicated that autophagy of macrophages affects polarization of phenotype and regulation of inflammation, which implies that regulating autophagy of macrophages may be a potential strategy for the treatment of asthma. Thus, this review summarizes the signaling pathways and effects of macrophage autophagy in asthma, which will provide a tactic for the development of novel targets for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Zhuying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Fumin Zhi
- Department of Medical, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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102
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Zhou L, Wang J, Hou H, Li J, Li J, Liang J, Li J, Niu X, Hou R, Zhang K. Autophagy Inhibits Inflammation via Down-Regulation of p38 MAPK/mTOR Signaling Cascade in Endothelial Cells. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:659-669. [PMID: 36942318 PMCID: PMC10024493 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s405068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective Autophagy, an intracellular process of self-digestion, has been shown to modulate inflammatory responses. In the present study, we determined the effects of autophagy on inflammatory response induced by M5 cytokines. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with M5 cytokines to induce inflammation. Expression levels of mRNA for inflammatory cytokines and BIRC2 were compared in HUVECs with vs without induction of autophagy with rapamycin (RAPA) by PCR, while cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay kit. Expression levels of LC3, p62, p-p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182), p-mTOR (Ser2445) and p-ULK1 (Ser555) proteins were measured by Western blotting. The nitric oxide (NO) content, NO synthase (NOS) activity and cell angiogenesis were also evaluated. Results Induction of autophagy with RAPA decreased expression levels of IL6, IL8 and CCL20, in addition to reduction in inflammation-induced apoptosis in HUVECs. Moreover, RAPA increased LC3II, while decreasing p62 expression. Likewise, expression levels of p-p38 MAPK and p-mTOR proteins were markedly decreased by the treatment with RAPA. Finally, RAPA treatment increased the NO content and the NOS activity, and inhibited angiogenesis. Conclusion Induced autophagy can improve the function of endothelial cells in psoriasis, suggesting approaches to induce autophagy can be used to ameliorate psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Hou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Liang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqin Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuping Niu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Hou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kaiming Zhang, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-351-5656080, Email ;
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103
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Ma H, Liu M, Fu R, Feng J, Ren H, Cao J, Shi M. Phase separation in innate immune response and inflammation-related diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1086192. [PMID: 36860877 PMCID: PMC9970293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1086192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation induced by nonspecific pathogenic or endogenous danger signals is an essential mechanism of innate immune response. The innate immune responses are rapidly triggered by conserved germline-encoded receptors that recognize broad patterns indicative of danger, with subsequent signal amplification by modular effectors, which have been the subject of intense investigation for many years. Until recently, however, the critical role of intrinsic disorder-driven phase separation in facilitating innate immune responses went largely unappreciated. In this review, we discuss emerging evidences that many innate immune receptors, effectors, and/or interactors function as "all-or-nothing" switch-like hubs to stimulate acute and chronic inflammation. By concentrating or relegating modular signaling components to phase-separated compartments, cells construct flexible and spatiotemporal distributions of key signaling events to ensure rapid and effective immune responses to a myriad of potentially harmful stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Mingxi Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Rao Fu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jingyan Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Sun C, Zhang J, Hou J, Hui M, Qi H, Lei T, Zhang X, Zhao L, Du H. Induction of autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by Pueraria flavonoids improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114005. [PMID: 36384052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common among lipid metabolism disorders. Autophagy plays an important role in lipid metabolism in NAFLD. Pueraria flavonoids, the main active ingredients of Pueraria lobata, exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we report the potential lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects of Pueraria flavonoids on NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that Pueraria flavonoids reduced intracellular lipid deposition by inhibiting lipid synthesis and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We analyzed the autophagy flux by mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid transfection to assess the role of autophagy in intracellular scavenging. After treating mice fed on high fat and HepG2 cells with Pueraria flavonoids, the number of autophagosomes increased significantly, along with the level of autophagy. The autophagy loss after siRNA transfection aggravated lipid deposition and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, Pueraria flavonoids trigger autophagy through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to reduce lipid deposition and inflammation. In summary, our results showed that Pueraria flavonoids stimulated autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby reducing intracellular lipid accumulation and inflammation levels and alleviating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbin Sun
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiong Hou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Menglin Hui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Hualong Qi
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Tong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Luxi Zhao
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.
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Sousa ESA, Queiroz LAD, Guimarães JPT, Pantoja KC, Barros RS, Epiphanio S, Martins JO. The influence of high glucose conditions on macrophages and its effect on the autophagy pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1130662. [PMID: 37122742 PMCID: PMC10130370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages are central cells in mediating the inflammatory response. Objective and Methods We evaluated the effect of high glucose conditions on the inflammatory profile and the autophagy pathway in Bone-Marrow Derived Macrophages (BMDM) from diabetic (D-BMDM) (alloxan: 60mg/kg, i.v.) and non-diabetic (ND-BMDM) C57BL/6 mice. BMDM were cultured in medium with normal glucose (5.5 mM), or high glucose (25 mM) concentration and were primed with Nigericin (20µM) stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL) at times of 30 minutes; 2; 4; 6 and 24 hours, with the measurement of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines. Results We have further identified changes in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, where BMDM showed increased secretion of these cytokines after LPS + Nigericin stimulation. In addition, changes were observed in the autophagy pathway, where the increase in the autophagic protein LC3b and Beclin-1 occurred by macrophages of non-diabetic animals in hyperglycemic medium, without LPS stimulation. D-BMDM showed a reduction on the expression of LC3b and Beclin-1, suggesting an impaired autophagic process in these cells. Conclusion The results suggest that hyperglycemia alters the inflammatory pathways in macrophages stimulated by LPS, playing an important role in the inflammatory response of diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuella S. A. Sousa
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. D. Queiroz
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João P. T. Guimarães
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamilla C. Pantoja
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael S. Barros
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Epiphanio
- Laboratory of Malaria Cellular and Molecular Immunopathology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joilson O. Martins
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Joilson O. Martins,
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106
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Wu C, Zeng L, Yi W, Miao Y, Liu Y, Wang Q, Liu S, Peng G, Zheng Z, Xia J. Echovirus induces autophagy to promote viral replication via regulating mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162208. [PMID: 37114059 PMCID: PMC10126370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Among enteroviruses, echovirus can cause severe illnesses in neonates or infants, with high morbidity and mortality. Autophagy, a central component of host defense mechanisms, can function against diverse infections. In the present study, we investigated the interplay between echovirus and autophagy. We demonstrated that echovirus infection increases LC3-II expression dose-dependently, accompanied by an increased intracellular LC3 puncta level. In addition, echovirus infection induces the formation of autophagosome. These results suggest that echovirus infection induces autophagy machinery. Furthermore, phosphorylated mTOR and ULK1 were both decreased upon echovirus infection. In contrast, both levels of the vacuolar protein sorting 34 (VPS34) and Beclin-1, the downstream molecules which play essential roles in promoting the formation of autophagic vesicles, increased upon virus infection. These results imply that the signaling pathways involved in autophagosome formation were activated by echovirus infection. Moreover, induction of autophagy promotes echovirus replication and viral protein VP1 expression, while inhibition of autophagy impairs VP1 expression. Our findings suggest that autophagy can be induced by echovirus infection via regulating mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway and exhibits a proviral function, revealing the potential role of autophagy in echovirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchen Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luzhi Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfu Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanjiu Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoping Peng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianbo Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jianbo Xia,
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107
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Gao N, Yang Y, Liu S, Fang C, Dou X, Zhang L, Shan A. Gut-Derived Metabolites from Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Quench Intestinal Inflammation through the AMPK-SIRT1-Autophagy Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:16080-16095. [PMID: 36521060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan has drawn wide attention due to its involvement in improving intestinal immune defense directly and indirectly by regulating metabolic pathways. The study aims to elucidate the potential modulating roles of tryptophan to protect against intestinal inflammation and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The protective effects of tryptophan against intestinal inflammation are examined in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model. We first found that tryptophan markedly (p < 0.01) inhibited proinflammatory cytokines production and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway activation upon LPS challenge. Next, we demonstrated that tryptophan (p < 0.05) attenuated LPS-caused intestinal mucosal barrier damage by increasing the number of goblet cells, mucins, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the ileum of mice. In addition, tryptophan (p < 0.05) inhibited LPS-induced autophagic flux through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathway in the intestinal systems to maintain autophagy homeostasis. Meanwhile, tryptophan also reshaped the gut microbiota composition in LPS-challenge mice by increasing the abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as Acetivibrio (0.053 ± 0.017 to 0.21 ± 0.0041%). Notably, dietary tryptophan resulted in the activation of metabolic pathways during the inflammatory response. Furthermore, exogenous treatment of tryptophan metabolites kynurenine (Kyn) and 5-HT in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) reproduced similar protective effects as tryptophan to attenuate LPS-induced intestinal inflammation through regulating the AMPK-SIRT1-autophagy. Taken together, the present study indicates that tryptophan exhibits intestinal protective and immunoregulatory effects resulting from the activation of metabolic pathways, maintenance of gut mucosal barrier integrity, microbiota composition, and AMPK-SIRT1-autophagy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chunyang Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiujing Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Licong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Anshan Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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108
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Zhou J, Rasmussen NL, Olsvik HL, Akimov V, Hu Z, Evjen G, Kaeser-Pebernard S, Sankar DS, Roubaty C, Verlhac P, van de Beck N, Reggiori F, Abudu YP, Blagoev B, Lamark T, Johansen T, Dengjel J. TBK1 phosphorylation activates LIR-dependent degradation of the inflammation repressor TNIP1. J Cell Biol 2022; 222:213785. [PMID: 36574265 PMCID: PMC9797988 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202108144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Limitation of excessive inflammation due to selective degradation of pro-inflammatory proteins is one of the cytoprotective functions attributed to autophagy. In the current study, we highlight that selective autophagy also plays a vital role in promoting the establishment of a robust inflammatory response. Under inflammatory conditions, here TLR3-activation by poly(I:C) treatment, the inflammation repressor TNIP1 (TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1) is phosphorylated by Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) activating an LIR motif that leads to the selective autophagy-dependent degradation of TNIP1, supporting the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and proteins. This selective autophagy efficiently reduces TNIP1 protein levels early (0-4 h) upon poly(I:C) treatment to allow efficient initiation of the inflammatory response. At 6 h, TNIP1 levels are restored due to increased transcription avoiding sustained inflammation. Thus, similarly as in cancer, autophagy may play a dual role in controlling inflammation depending on the exact state and timing of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Zhou
- https://ror.org/022fs9h90Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nikoline Lander Rasmussen
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hallvard Lauritz Olsvik
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vyacheslav Akimov
- https://ror.org/03yrrjy16Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Experimental BioInformatics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Zehan Hu
- https://ror.org/022fs9h90Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gry Evjen
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Carole Roubaty
- https://ror.org/022fs9h90Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Verlhac
- https://ror.org/03cv38k47Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nicole van de Beck
- https://ror.org/03cv38k47Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- https://ror.org/03cv38k47Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands,https://ror.org/01aj84f44Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,https://ror.org/01aj84f44Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yakubu Princely Abudu
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- https://ror.org/03yrrjy16Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Experimental BioInformatics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trond Lamark
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Terje Johansen
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway,Terje Johansen:
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- https://ror.org/022fs9h90Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland,Correspondence to Jörn Dengjel:
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Zhou A, Zhang W, Dong X, Liu M, Chen H, Tang B. The battle for autophagy between host and influenza A virus. Virulence 2022; 13:46-59. [PMID: 34967267 PMCID: PMC9794007 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2014680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is an infectious pathogen, threatening the population and public safety with its epidemics. Therefore, it is essential to better understand influenza virus biology to develop efficient strategies against its pathogenicity. Autophagy is an important cellular process to maintain cellular homeostasis by cleaning up the hazardous substrates in lysosome. Accumulating research has also suggested that autophagy is a critical mechanism in host defense responses against IAV infection by degrading viral particles and activating innate or acquired immunity to induce viral clearance. However, IAV has conversely hijacked autophagy to strengthen virus infection by blocking autophagy maturation and further interfering host antiviral signalling to promote viral replication. Therefore, how the battle for autophagy between host and IAV is carried out need to be known. In this review, we describe the role of autophagy in host defence and IAV survival, and summarize the role of influenza proteins in subverting the autophagic process as well as then concentrate on how host utilize antiviral function of autophagy to prevent IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P.R. China
| | - Xia Dong
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P.R. China
| | - Mengyun Liu
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P.R. China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646100, People’s Republic of China,CONTACT Bin Tang Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
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Seyedaghamiri F, Salimi L, Ghaznavi D, Sokullu E, Rahbarghazi R. Exosomes-based therapy of stroke, an emerging approach toward recovery. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:110. [PMID: 35869548 PMCID: PMC9308232 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBased on clinical observations, stroke is touted as one of the specific pathological conditions, affecting an individual’s life worldwide. So far, no effective treatment has been introduced to deal with stroke post-complications. Production and release of several neurotrophic factors by different cells exert positive effects on ischemic areas following stroke. As a correlate, basic and clinical studies have focused on the development and discovery of de novo modalities to introduce these factors timely and in appropriate doses into the affected areas. Exosomes (Exo) are non-sized vesicles released from many cells during pathological and physiological conditions and participate in intercellular communication. These particles transfer several arrays of signaling molecules, like several neurotrophic factors into the acceptor cells and induce specific signaling cascades in the favor of cell bioactivity. This review aimed to highlight the emerging role of exosomes as a therapeutic approach in the regeneration of ischemic areas.
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111
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Nava A, Hahn AC, Wu TH, Byrd TF. Mice with lung airway ciliopathy develop persistent Mycobacterium abscessus lung infection and have a proinflammatory lung phenotype associated with decreased T regulatory cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1017540. [PMID: 36505420 PMCID: PMC9732727 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human pulmonary infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) such as Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs) occurs in seemingly immunocompetent patients with underlying structural lung disease such as bronchiectasis in which normal ciliary function is perturbed. In addition to alterations in mucociliary clearance, the local immunologic milieu may be altered in patients with structural lung disease, but the nature of these changes and how they relate to NTM persistence remain unclear. Methods We used a mouse strain containing a conditional floxed allele of the gene IFT88, which encodes for the protein Polaris. Deletion of this gene in adult mice reportedly leads to loss of cilia on lung airway epithelium and to the development of bronchiectasis. In a series of experiments, IFT88 control mice and IFT88 KO mice received different preparations of Mabs lung inocula with lung CFU assessed out to approximately 8 weeks post-infection. In addition, cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, lung T cell subset analysis, and lung histopathology and morphometry were performed at various time points. Results Mabs embedded in agarose beads persisted in the lungs of IFT88 KO mice out to approximately 8 weeks (54 days), while Mabs agarose beads in the lungs of IFT88 control mice was cleared from the lungs of all mice at this time point. T cells subset analysis showed a decrease in the percentage of CD4+FoxP3+ T cells in the total lymphocyte population in the lungs of IFT88 KO mice relative to IFT88 control mice. Proinflammatory cytokines were elevated in the BAL fluid from infected IFT88 KO mice compared to infected IFT88 control mice, and histopathology showed an increased inflammatory response and greater numbers of granulomas in the lungs of infected IFT88 KO mice compared to the lungs of infected IFT88 control mice. Scanning lung morphometry did not show a significant difference comparing lung airway area and lung airway perimeter between IFT88 KO mice and IFT88 control mice. Discussion Persistent lung infection in our model was established using Mabs embedded in agarose beads. The utility of using IFT88 mice is that a significant difference in Mabs lung CFU is observed comparing IFT88 KO mice to IFT88 control mice thus allowing for studies assessing the mechanism(s) of Mabs lung persistence. Our finding of minimal differences in lung airway area and lung airway diameter comparing IFT88 KO mice to IFT88 control mice suggests that the development of a proinflammatory lung phenotype in IFT88 KO mice contributes to Mabs lung persistence independent of bronchiectasis. The contribution of cilia to immune regulation is increasingly recognized, and our results suggest that ciliopathy associated with structural lung disease may play a role in NTM pulmonary infection via alteration of the local immunologic lung milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Nava
- Center for Infectious Disease and Immunity, The University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Andrew C. Hahn
- Center for Infectious Disease and Immunity, The University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Terry H. Wu
- Center for Infectious Disease and Immunity, The University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Medicine, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Thomas F. Byrd
- Center for Infectious Disease and Immunity, The University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Medicine, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States,*Correspondence: Thomas F. Byrd,
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Liu J, Qiu R, Liu R, Song P, Lin P, Chen H, Zhou D, Wang A, Jin Y. Autophagy Mediates Escherichia Coli-Induced Cellular Inflammatory Injury by Regulating Calcium Mobilization, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214174. [PMID: 36430657 PMCID: PMC9698444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine endometritis is a reproductive disorder that is induced by mucus or purulent inflammation of the uterine mucosa. However, the intracellular control chain during inflammatory injury remains unclear. In the present study, we found that E. coli activated the inflammatory response through the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and activation of the NF-κB p65 subunit in primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs). Infection with E. coli also led to an abnormal increase in cytoplasmic calcium and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, live-cell imaging of calcium reporters indicated that the increase in cytosolic calcium mainly was caused by the release of Ca2+ ions stored in the ER and mitochondria, which was independent of extracellular calcium. Cytoplasmic calcium regulates mitochondrial respiratory chain transmission, DNA replication, and biogenesis. Pretreatment with NAC, BAPTA-AM, or 2-APB reduced the expression of IL-1β and IL-18. Moreover, ERS was involved in the regulation of bovine endometritis and cytosolic calcium was an important factor for regulating ERS in E. coli-induced inflammation. Finally, activation of autophagy inhibited the release of IL-1β and IL-18, cytochrome c, ATP, ERS-related proteins, and cytoplasmic calcium. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that autophagy mediated E. coli-induced cellular inflammatory injury by regulating cytoplasmic calcium, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yaping Jin
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-8709-1802
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113
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Singh B, Avula K, Sufi SA, Parwin N, Das S, Alam MF, Samantaray S, Bankapalli L, Rani A, Poornima K, Prusty B, Mallick TP, Shaw SK, Dodia H, Kabi S, Pagad TT, Mohanty S, Syed GH. Defective Mitochondrial Quality Control during Dengue Infection Contributes to Disease Pathogenesis. J Virol 2022; 96:e0082822. [PMID: 36197108 PMCID: PMC9599662 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00828-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fitness is governed by mitochondrial quality control pathways comprising mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial-selective autophagy (mitophagy). Disruption of these processes has been implicated in many human diseases, including viral infections. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of the effect of dengue infection on host mitochondrial homeostasis and its significance in dengue disease pathogenesis. Despite severe mitochondrial stress and injury, we observed that the pathways of mitochondrial quality control and mitochondrial biogenesis are paradoxically downregulated in dengue-infected human liver cells. This leads to the disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and the onset of cellular injury and necrotic death in the infected cells. Interestingly, dengue promotes global autophagy but selectively disrupts mitochondrial-selective autophagy (mitophagy). Dengue downregulates the expression of PINK1 and Parkin, the two major proteins involved in tagging the damaged mitochondria for elimination through mitophagy. Mitophagy flux assays also suggest that Parkin-independent pathways of mitophagy are also inactive during dengue infection. Dengue infection also disrupts mitochondrial biogenesis by downregulating the master regulators PPARγ and PGC1α. Dengue-infected cells release mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) such as mitochondrial DNA into the cytosol and extracellular milieu. Furthermore, the challenge of naive immune cells with culture supernatants from dengue-infected liver cells was sufficient to trigger proinflammatory signaling. In correlation with our in vitro observations, dengue patients have high levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in their blood in proportion to the degree of thrombocytopenia. Overall, our study shows how defective mitochondrial homeostasis in dengue-infected liver cells can drive dengue disease pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Many viruses target host cell mitochondria to create a microenvironment conducive to viral dissemination. Dengue virus also exploits host cell mitochondria to facilitate its viral life cycle. Dengue infection of liver cells leads to severe mitochondrial injury and inhibition of proteins that regulate mitochondrial quality control and biogenesis, thereby disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis. A defect in mitochondrial quality control leads to the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and promotes cellular injury. This leads to the release of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mt-DAMPs) into the cell cytoplasm and extracellular milieu. These mt-DAMPs activate the naive immune cells and trigger proinflammatory signaling, leading to the release of cytokines and chemokines, which may trigger systemic inflammation and contribute to dengue disease pathogenesis. In correlation with this, we observed high levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in dengue patient blood. This study provides insight into how the disruption of mitochondrial quality control in dengue-infected cells can trigger inflammation and drive dengue disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Singh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Kalinga Institute of Information and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kiran Avula
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | | | - Nahid Parwin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sayani Das
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mohd Faraz Alam
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiren Dodia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shobhitendu Kabi
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Trupti T. Pagad
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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López‐Haber C, Netting DJ, Hutchins Z, Ma X, Hamilton KE, Mantegazza AR. The phagosomal solute transporter SLC15A4 promotes inflammasome activity via mTORC1 signaling and autophagy restraint in dendritic cells. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111161. [PMID: 36031853 PMCID: PMC9574736 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is the necessary first step to sense foreign microbes or particles and enables activation of innate immune pathways such as inflammasomes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying how phagosomes modulate inflammasome activity are not fully understood. We show that in murine dendritic cells (DCs), the lysosomal histidine/peptide solute carrier transporter SLC15A4, associated with human inflammatory disorders, is recruited to phagosomes and is required for optimal inflammasome activity after infectious or sterile stimuli. Dextran sodium sulfate-treated SLC15A4-deficient mice exhibit decreased colon inflammation, reduced IL-1β production by intestinal DCs, and increased autophagy. Similarly, SLC15A4-deficient DCs infected with Salmonella typhimurium show reduced caspase-1 cleavage and IL-1β production. This correlates with peripheral NLRC4 inflammasome assembly and increased autophagy. Overexpression of constitutively active mTORC1 rescues decreased IL-1β levels and caspase1 cleavage, and restores perinuclear inflammasome positioning. Our findings support that SLC15A4 couples phagocytosis with inflammasome perinuclear assembly and inhibition of autophagy through phagosomal content sensing. Our data also reveal the previously unappreciated importance of mTORC1 signaling pathways to promote and sustain inflammasome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia López‐Haber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Daniel J Netting
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Zachary Hutchins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Xianghui Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Kathryn E Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Adriana R Mantegazza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
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Xia N, Zheng W, Jiang S, Cao Q, Luo J, Zhang J, Xu Y, Sun S, Zhang K, Chen N, Meurens F, Zhu J. Porcine cGAS-STING signaling induced autophagy inhibits STING downstream IFN and apoptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1021384. [PMID: 36311807 PMCID: PMC9608012 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune DNA sensing cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been widely recognized for inducing interferons (IFNs) and subsequent antiviral state. In addition to IFN, the cGAS-STING pathway also elicits other cell autonomous immunity events including autophagy and apoptosis. However, the downstream signaling events of this DNA sensing pathway in livestock have not been well defined. Here, we systematically analyzed the porcine STING (pSTING) induced IFN, autophagy and apoptosis, revealed the distinct dynamics of three STING downstream events, and established the IFN independent inductions of autophagy and apoptosis. Further, we investigated the regulation of autophagy on pSTING induced IFN and apoptosis. Following TBK1-IRF3-IFN activation, STING induced Atg5/Atg16L1 dependent autophagy through LIR motifs. In turn, the autophagy likely promoted the pSTING degradation, inhibited both IFN production and apoptosis, and thus restored the cell homeostasis. Therefore, this study sheds lights on the molecular mechanisms of innate immunity in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengwen Xia
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sen Jiang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Sun
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nanhua Chen
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - François Meurens
- Unit of Biology, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis in Animal Health (BIOEPAR), French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE), Oniris, Nantes, France
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzhong Zhu,
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Estrogen receptor β activation inhibits colitis by promoting NLRP6-mediated autophagy. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Autophagy in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192996. [PMID: 36230955 PMCID: PMC9564118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a stress-induced process that eliminates damaged organelles and dysfunctional cargos in cytoplasm, including unfolded proteins. Autophagy is involved in constructing the immunosuppressive microenvironment during tumor initiation and progression. It appears to be one of the most common processes involved in cancer immunotherapy, playing bidirectional roles in immunotherapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that inducing or inhibiting autophagy contributes to immunotherapy efficacy. Hence, exploring autophagy targets and their modifiers to control autophagy in the tumor microenvironment is an emerging strategy to facilitate cancer immunotherapy. This review summarizes recent studies on the role of autophagy in cancer immunotherapy, as well as the molecular targets of autophagy that could wake up the immune response in the tumor microenvironment, aiming to shed light on its immense potential as a therapeutic target to improve immunotherapy.
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118
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Zhang F, Wang R, Liu B, Zhang L. A bibliometric analysis of autophagy in atherosclerosis from 2012 to 2021. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:977870. [PMID: 36188570 PMCID: PMC9520361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.977870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regulation of autophagy affects the progression of atherosclerosis. In recent years, research on autophagy in atherosclerosis has been widely concerned. However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this field. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the general situation, hot spots, and trends of the research in this field through bibliometric analysis. Methods: Articles related to autophagy in atherosclerosis from 2012 to 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used for data analysis and visualization of countries, institutions, authors, keywords, journals, and citations. Results: A total of 988 articles were obtained in the last 10 years. The number of publications and citations increased rapidly from 2012 to 2021, especially after 2019. The most productive countries, institutions, journals, and authors were the People’s Republic of China, Shandong University, Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, and Wim Martinet, respectively. The primary keywords were “oxidative stress,” “apoptosis,” “activated protein kinase,” and “inflammation.” The burst detection analysis of keywords found that “SIRT1” and “long non-coding RNA” might be regarded as the focus of future research. Conclusion: This is the first bibliometric analysis of autophagy in atherosclerosis, which reports the hot spots and emerging trends. The interaction between oxidative stress and autophagy, programmed cell death, and activated protein kinases are considered to be the current research priorities. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic target for the intervention of atherosclerosis by regulating autophagy will become an emerging research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lei Zhang
- *Correspondence: Baocheng Liu, ; Lei Zhang,
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119
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He FF, Wang YM, Chen YY, Huang W, Li ZQ, Zhang C. Sepsis-induced AKI: From pathogenesis to therapeutic approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:981578. [PMID: 36188562 PMCID: PMC9522319 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.981578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a heterogenous and highly complex clinical syndrome, which is caused by infectious or noninfectious factors. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and severe complication of sepsis, and it is associated with high mortality and poor outcomes. Recent evidence has identified that autophagy participates in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated AKI. Despite the use of antibiotics, the mortality rate is still at an extremely high level in patients with sepsis. Besides traditional treatments, many natural products, including phytochemicals and their derivatives, are proved to exert protective effects through multiple mechanisms, such as regulation of autophagy, inhibition of inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, etc. Accumulating evidence has also shown that many pharmacological inhibitors might have potential therapeutic effects in sepsis-induced AKI. Hence, understanding the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced AKI may help to develop novel therapeutics to attenuate the complications of sepsis and lower the mortality rate. This review updates the recent progress of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of sepsis-associated AKI, focuses specifically on autophagy, and summarizes the potential therapeutic effects of phytochemicals and pharmacological inhibitors.
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120
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Lu G, Wang Y, Shi Y, Zhang Z, Huang C, He W, Wang C, Shen HM. Autophagy in health and disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic target. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e150. [PMID: 35845350 PMCID: PMC9271889 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process in which cytosolic contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelle, or invading pathogens, are sequestered by the double‐membrane structure termed autophagosome and delivered to lysosome for degradation. Over the past two decades, autophagy has been extensively studied, from the molecular mechanisms, biological functions, implications in various human diseases, to development of autophagy‐related therapeutics. This review will focus on the latest development of autophagy research, covering molecular mechanisms in control of autophagosome biogenesis and autophagosome–lysosome fusion, and the upstream regulatory pathways including the AMPK and MTORC1 pathways. We will also provide a systematic discussion on the implication of autophagy in various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), metabolic diseases (obesity and diabetes), viral infection especially SARS‐Cov‐2 and COVID‐19, cardiovascular diseases (cardiac ischemia/reperfusion and cardiomyopathy), and aging. Finally, we will also summarize the development of pharmacological agents that have therapeutic potential for clinical applications via targeting the autophagy pathway. It is believed that decades of hard work on autophagy research is eventually to bring real and tangible benefits for improvement of human health and control of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Biochemistry Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research Southwest Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Ningbo University School of Medicine Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology University of Macau Macau China
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Ferulic acid ameliorates renal injury via improving autophagy to inhibit inflammation in diabetic nephropathy mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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McCormick JJ, Côté MD, King KE, McManus MK, Goulet N, Dokladny K, Moseley PL, Kenny GP. The autophagic response to exercise in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young men is intensity-dependent and is altered by exposure to environmental heat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R467-R482. [PMID: 35993558 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00110.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is essential to maintaining cellular homeostasis in all eukaryotic cells and to tolerance of acute stressors such as starvation, heat, and recovery following exercise. Limited information exists regarding the exercise intensity-dependent autophagic response in humans, and it is unknown how environmental heat stress may modulate this response. Therefore, we evaluated autophagy and accompanying pathways of cellular stress (the heat shock response [HSR], apoptosis, and acute inflammation) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 10 young men (mean [SD]; 22 [2] years) before, immediately after and up to 6h post-exercise recovery from 30 minutes of low-, moderate-, and high-intensity semi-recumbent cycling (40, 55 and 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), respectively)in a temperate environment (25°C) and at 70% of VO2max in a hot environment (40°C). Changes in protein content were analyzed via Western blot. Each increase in exercise intensity was associated with elevations in mean body temperature. LC3-II increased following moderate-intensity exercise, with further increases following high-intensity exercise (p < 0.05). However, an increase in beclin-2 and ULK1, with a decrease in p62 was only observed after high-intensity exercise, which was paralleled by elevated TNF-α and cleaved-caspase-3, with the HSR peaking at 6h after exercise (p < 0.05). When exercise was performed in the heat, greater LC3-II and cleaved-caspase-3 accumulation was observed, however beclin-2 declined in recovery (p < 0.05). Therefore, our findings indicate that autophagy in PBMCs during exercise may be associated with greater heat strain exhibited during increasing exercise intensities, which is modulated by exposure to heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J McCormick
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Melissa D Côté
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kelli E King
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Morgan K McManus
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nicholas Goulet
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Karol Dokladny
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Pope L Moseley
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Rapamycin Alleviates 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis through Autophagy Induction and NF-κB Pathway Inhibition in Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2923216. [PMID: 36032781 PMCID: PMC9410967 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2923216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent genetic studies indicated that variants of autophagy genes were associated with the predisposition of Crohn's disease (CD). The autophagy deficiency may affect the innate and adaptive immunity, which is related to persistent and excessive inflammation of the bowel. However, it remains unclear how autophagy modulates the expression of immune response regulator NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in CD. Aim We aimed to investigate the role of rapamycin on the expression of NF-κB p65 and TNF-α in 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced mouse colitis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HT-29 cells. Methods TNBS-induced colitis mice were treated with saline or rapamycin, and the disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores of colonic mucosa were evaluated. The expressions of p65, ATG16L1 and LC3 were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry staining. The monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and transmission electron microscopy were developed to study the autophagy in LPS-induced HT-29 cells. Expression of TNF-α from colon tissue and HT-29 cells were detected by ELISA. The expressions of p65, ATG16L1 and LC3 in active CD patients were also investigated. Results Significantly more autophagosomes were observed in rapamycin-treated cells than in controls. Rapamycin remarkably upregulated the expression of ATG16L1 and LC3II, inhibited p65 nucleus translocation and secretion of TNF-α both in vivo and in vitro. The expression of both ATG16L1 and LC3II increased in mild to moderate CD specimens, while no significant difference was noted between severe CD and normal controls. The expression of p65 increased notably in severe CD compared to those in mild to moderate patients. Conclusions In LPS-treated HT-29 cells and TNBS-induced colitis, p65 is overexpressed, which results in exaggerated secretion of TNF-α and induce or worsen the inflammation in the bowel. Rapamycin protects against colitis through induction of autophagy, thus inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway and secretion of TNF-α.
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Carinci M, Palumbo L, Pellielo G, Agyapong ED, Morciano G, Patergnani S, Giorgi C, Pinton P, Rimessi A. The Multifaceted Roles of Autophagy in Infectious, Obstructive, and Malignant Airway Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081944. [PMID: 36009490 PMCID: PMC9405571 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved dynamic process by which cells deliver their contents to lysosomes for degradation, thus ensuring cell homeostasis. In response to environmental stress, the induction of autophagy is crucial for cell survival. The dysregulation of this degradative process has been implicated in a wide range of pathologies, including lung diseases, representing a relevant potential target with significant clinical outcomes. During lung disease progression and infections, autophagy may exert both protective and harmful effects on cells. In this review, we will explore the implications of autophagy and its selective forms in several lung infections, such as SARS-CoV-2, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections, and different lung diseases such as Cystic Fibrosis (CF), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and Malignant Mesothelioma (MM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Carinci
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Palumbo
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Pellielo
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Esther Densu Agyapong
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Morciano
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Center of Research for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Center of Research for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence:
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125
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Liang L, Wang H, Hu Y, Bian H, Xiao L, Wang G. Oridonin relieves depressive-like behaviors by inhibiting neuroinflammation and autophagy impairment in rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3335-3351. [PMID: 35686337 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe life-threatening disorder with increasing prevalence. However, the mechanistic interplay between depression, neuroinflammation, and autophagy is yet to be demonstrated. This study investigated the effect of Oridonin on CUMS-induced depression, neuroinflammation, and autophagy impairment. Male 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), some of which were injected with Oridonin, fluoxetine (FLX), or their combination at different durations of CUMS. CUMS significantly increased the levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1), reduced autophagy-related protein levels (Beclin-1, p62, Atg5, and LC3B), and caused microglia cells activation. Oridonin prevented and reversed the depressive-like behavior. Furthermore, it has a stronger and longer-lasting antidepressant effect than FLX. And the antidepressant effect of Oridonin in combination with fluoxetine was greater than that of high-dose fluoxetine alone. In addition, Oridonin significantly normalized autophagy-related protein levels, and reduced levels of cytokines by blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7. Similarly, Oridonin abolished levels of cytokines and reversed autophagy impairment in LPS-activated BV2 cells. All these results supported our hypothesis that Oridonin possesses potent anti-depressive action, which might be mediated via inhibition of neuroinflammation and autophagy impairment by blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Psychology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hetao Bian
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Luan YY, Zhang L, Peng YQ, Li YY, Yin CH. STING modulates necrotic cell death in CD4 T cells via activation of PARP-1/PAR following acute systemic inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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127
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Li J, Cai W, Yu J, Zhou S, Li X, He Z, Ouyang D, Liu H, Wang Y. Autophagy inhibition recovers deficient ICD-based cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121651. [PMID: 35777331 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
ICD effect is usually accompanied with robust autophagy that can depredate immune-associated antigens in tumors, thereby weakening the immune response against tumor growth. To circumvent this dilemma, we combined an ICD inducer (Shikonin, SHK) with an autophagy inhibitor (hydroxychloroquine, HCQ) for colon cancer immunotherapy. Notably, HCQ boosted SHK-induced antigen exposure in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. However, autophagy inhibition caused loss of ATP, which compromised antitumor immune response. Therefore, a compensatory strategy was employed by introducing ATP as a remote loading gradient of the liposome to encapsulate HCQ (LipHCQa). LipHCQa achieved an excellent antitumor efficiency without dampening the immune response. Furthermore, a systematic determination of the optimal dosage of combined LipSHK and LipHCQa suggested that autophagy inhibiting at an appropriate dosage level was beneficial for maximizing ICD-based antitumor immunity. This study proved that autophagy inhibitors can recover the deficient ICD-based antitumor immune response and present potential clinical applications for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wenxu Cai
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xianlu Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hongzhuo Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Walker KA, Basisty N, Wilson DM, Ferrucci L. Connecting aging biology and inflammation in the omics era. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:158448. [PMID: 35838044 PMCID: PMC9282936 DOI: 10.1172/jci158448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the accumulation of damage to macromolecules and cell architecture that triggers a proinflammatory state in blood and solid tissues, termed inflammaging. Inflammaging has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many age-associated chronic diseases as well as loss of physical and cognitive function. The search for mechanisms that underlie inflammaging focused initially on the hallmarks of aging, but it is rapidly expanding in multiple directions. Here, we discuss the threads connecting cellular senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction to impaired mitophagy and DNA damage, which may act as a hub for inflammaging. We explore the emerging multi-omics efforts that aspire to define the complexity of inflammaging - and identify molecular signatures and novel targets for interventions aimed at counteracting excessive inflammation and its deleterious consequences while preserving the physiological immune response. Finally, we review the emerging evidence that inflammation is involved in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Our goal is to broaden the research agenda for inflammaging with an eye on new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan A Walker
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathan Basisty
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David M Wilson
- Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Modulation of MAPK- and PI3/AKT-Dependent Autophagy Signaling by Stavudine (D4T) in PBMC of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142180. [PMID: 35883623 PMCID: PMC9322713 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aβ42 deposition plays a pivotal role in AD pathogenesis by inducing the activation of microglial cells and neuroinflammation. This process is antagonized by microglia-mediated clearance of Aβ plaques. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in neuroinflammation and in the impairments of Aβ-plaque clearance. On the other hand, stavudine (D4T) downregulates the NLRP3 inflammasome and stimulates autophagy-mediated Aβ-clearing in a THP-1-derived macrophages. Methods: We explored the effect of D4T on Aβ autophagy in PBMC from AD patients that were primed with LPS and stimulated with Aβ oligomers in the absence/presence of D4T. We analyzed the NLRP3 activity by measuring NLRP3-ASC complex formation by AMNIS FlowSight and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-18 and Caspase-1) production by ELISA. The phosphorylation status of p38, ERK, AKT, p70, and the protein expression of CREB, LAMP2A, beclin-1, Caspase-3 and Bcl2 were analyzed by Western blot. Results: Data showed that D4T: (1) downregulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the production of down-stream pro-inflammatory cytokines in PBMC; (2) stimulates the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK and p70 as well as LAMP2A, beclin-1 and Bcl2 expression and reduces Caspase-3 expression, suggesting an effect of this compound on autophagy; (3) increases phospho-CREB, which is a downstream target of p-ERK and p-AKT, inducing anti-inflammatory cytokine production and resulting in a possible decrease of Aβ-mediated cytotoxicity; and (4) reduces the phosphorylation of p38, a protein involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tau hyperphosphorylation. Conclusions: D4T reduces the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and it might stimulate autophagy as well as the molecular mechanism that modulates Aβ cytotoxicity, and D4T might reduce inflammation in the cells of AD patients. It could be very interesting to check the possible beneficial effects of D4T in the clinical scenario.
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130
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Barateiro A, Junior ARC, Epiphanio S, Marinho CRF. Homeostasis Maintenance in Plasmodium-Infected Placentas: Is There a Role for Placental Autophagy During Malaria in Pregnancy? Front Immunol 2022; 13:931034. [PMID: 35898514 PMCID: PMC9309427 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria represents a significant public health burden to populations living in developing countries. The disease takes a relevant toll on pregnant women, who are more prone to developing severe clinical manifestations. Inflammation triggered in response to P. falciparum sequestration inside the placenta leads to physiological and structural changes in the organ, reflecting locally disrupted homeostasis. Altogether, these events have been associated with poor gestational outcomes, such as intrauterine growth restriction and premature delivery, contributing to the parturition of thousands of African children with low birth weight. Despite significant advances in the field, the molecular mechanisms that govern these outcomes are still poorly understood. Herein, we discuss the idea of how some housekeeping molecular mechanisms, such as those related to autophagy, might be intertwined with the outcomes of malaria in pregnancy. We contextualize previous findings suggesting that placental autophagy is dysregulated in P. falciparum-infected pregnant women with complementary research describing the importance of autophagy in healthy pregnancies. Since the functional role of autophagy in pregnancy outcomes is still unclear, we hypothesize that autophagy might be essential for circumventing inflammation-induced stress in the placenta, acting as a cytoprotective mechanism that attempts to ensure local homeostasis and better gestational prognosis in women with malaria in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Barateiro
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sabrina Epiphanio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Romero Farias Marinho
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Claudio Romero Farias Marinho,
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131
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Lei C, Li Y, Zhu X, Li H, Chang X. HMGB1/TLR4 induces autophagy and promotes neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain Res 2022; 1792:148003. [PMID: 35820449 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes autophagy as well as inflammation; the latter is known to involve the high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) axis. Here we investigated whether this axis may help mediate both the autophagy and inflammation associated with ICH. METHODS ICH was induced by injecting autologous blood into Sprague-Dawley rats, followed in some cases by intracerebroventricular injection of short interfering RNA (siRNA) against HMGB1 or TLR4 at 6 h after ICH induction or by intraperitoneal injection of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or autophagy activator rapamycin at 6, 24, and 48 h after ICH induction. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence was used to assess levels of HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway proteins as well as markers of autophagy (LC3B, Beclin1, Atg5) or inflammation (IL-1 beta, TNF-α). Numbers of apoptotic cells were determined using TUNEL staining. Changes in levels of these proteins were correlated with neurological deficits measured using the modified Neurological Severity Score. RESULTS ICH caused HMGB1 to translocate from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, and it up-regulated expression of TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and induced neurological deficits. Administering siRNA against HMGB1 or TLR4 reversed this up-regulation. Levels of markers of autophagy (LC3B, Beclin1, Atg5) or inflammation (IL-1 beta, TNF-α) were significantly higher 72 h after ICH than at baseline, as were the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells. Administering siRNA against HMGB1 or TLR4 markedly alleviated inflammation, and autophagy, apoptosis, and neurological deficits. Similarly, administering autophagy inhibitor 3-MA alleviated inflammation, apoptosis, and neurological deficits. Conversely, autophagy activator rapamycin exacerbated these effects of ICH. CONCLUSIONS During the acute phase of ICH, the HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88 axis acts via autophagy to promote inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Lei
- From the Department of Neurology (C.L., Y.L., X. Z., H.L., X. C.), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China.
| | - Yongyu Li
- From the Department of Neurology (C.L., Y.L., X. Z., H.L., X. C.), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- From the Department of Neurology (C.L., Y.L., X. Z., H.L., X. C.), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Haijiang Li
- From the Department of Neurology (C.L., Y.L., X. Z., H.L., X. C.), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Chang
- From the Department of Neurology (C.L., Y.L., X. Z., H.L., X. C.), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
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Wang D, Zhang J, Cai L, Dai X. Cold Atmospheric Plasma Conveys Selectivity Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Triggering EGFR(Tyr1068)-Mediated Autophagy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:895106. [PMID: 35860596 PMCID: PMC9292981 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.895106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas remain as a global health threat given its high mortality rate. We have previously identified the selectivity of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) against multiple types of malignant tumors and proposed it as a promising onco-therapeutic strategy. Here, we investigated its roles in controlling hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy and one possible driving molecular mechanism. By focusing on post-translational modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination, we identified the crosstalk between EGFR acetylation and EGFR(Tyr1068) phosphorylation and their collective roles in determining LC3B ubiquitination and proposed the EGFR/p-JNK/BIRC6/LC3B axis in CAP-triggered autophagy. Our study not only demonstrated the selectivity of CAP against hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy and confirmed its roles as an onco-therapeutic tool but also opened the horizon of translating CAP into clinics toward a broader scope that included human longevity and anti-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjun Wang
- Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI) College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI) College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University
| | - Linhan Cai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- CAPsoul Medical Biotechnology Company, Ltd., Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Dai,
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Deretic V, Lazarou M. A guide to membrane atg8ylation and autophagy with reflections on immunity. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202203083. [PMID: 35699692 PMCID: PMC9202678 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202203083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of membrane atg8ylation, defined herein as the conjugation of the ATG8 family of ubiquitin-like proteins to membrane lipids, is beginning to be appreciated in its broader manifestations, mechanisms, and functions. Classically, membrane atg8ylation with LC3B, one of six mammalian ATG8 family proteins, has been viewed as the hallmark of canonical autophagy, entailing the formation of characteristic double membranes in the cytoplasm. However, ATG8s are now well described as being conjugated to single membranes and, most recently, proteins. Here we propose that the atg8ylation is coopted by multiple downstream processes, one of which is canonical autophagy. We elaborate on these biological outputs, which impact metabolism, quality control, and immunity, emphasizing the context of inflammation and immunological effects. In conclusion, we propose that atg8ylation is a modification akin to ubiquitylation, and that it is utilized by different systems participating in membrane stress responses and membrane remodeling activities encompassing autophagy and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Michael Lazarou
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tao L, Liu K, Li J, Zhang Y, Cui L, Dong J, Meng X, Zhu G, Wang H. Selenomethionine alleviates NF-κB-mediated inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by Escherichia coli by enhancing autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108989. [PMID: 35785729 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is crucial for the maintenance of homeostasis under stimuli related to infection. Selenium (Se) plays variable roles in defence against infection and Selenomethionine (Se-Met) is a common Se supplementation. This study aimed to understand whether Se-Met could regulate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway through autophagy. Mammary alveolar cell-T (MAC-T) was challenged with Escherichia coli (E. coli). Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to detect the protein expression and mRNA expression of cytokines. Immunofluorescence assays were performed to observe the expression of intracellular LC3. The results showed that E. coli inhibited autophagy by decreasing the LC3-Ⅱ protein levels, and the Atg5 and Beclin1 protein levels were increased after 4 h. Infection also decreased the number of LC3 puncta. E. coli increased the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα protein. Concomitantly, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA increased at 3 and 4 h post-infection. We further explored the regulatory role of autophagy on NF-κB-mediated inflammation with autophagy modulators and shAtg5. The results indicated that the autophagy activator reduced the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα and the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Additionally, activating autophagy weakened the adhesion to MAC-T of E. coli. Autophagy inhibitors exacerbated NF-κB-mediated inflammation and strengthened the adhesion of E. coli to cells. We then examined the effects of Se-Met on NF-κB-mediated inflammation through autophagy. The data suggested that Se-Met enhanced LC3-II expression, inhibited the E. coli-induced phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, and suppressed the adhesion ability of E. coli to MAC-T and that the effects of Se-Met in attenuating NF-κB-mediated inflammation were partially blocked by an autophagy inhibitor. In summary, Se-Met alleviated NF-κB-mediated inflammation induced by E. coli by enhancing autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kangjun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yihui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Experimental Farm of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
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135
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Wu Z, Hu T, Chen W, Cheng Y, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Huang J, Mao S, Ou X, Gao Q, Sun D, Cheng A, Chen S. The autophagy-related degradation of MDA5 by Tembusu virus nonstructural 2B disrupts IFNβ production. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22417. [PMID: 35713934 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101916rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a serious avian pathogen causing a decline in egg production, but the mechanism of the virus that breaks through the innate immune system is poorly understood. Here, we show that TMUV inhibits poly(I:C)-induced interferon (IFN) production. Because poly(I:C) transfection can specifically activate the MDA5 pathway in duck primary cells, we found that infection with TMUV can specifically target MDA5 and lead to its degradation. MDA5 downregulation could be blocked by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) but not a proteasome inhibitor, strongly implicating MDA5 degradation as an autophagy-related degradation pathway. Pretreatment with 3-MA enhanced the expression of MDA5 and inhibited TMUV replication. To screen TMUV proteins that degraded MDA5, the TMUV replicon and MDA5-Flag were cotransfected into cells, and the western blot analysis showed that nonstructural 2B (NS2B) can degrade MDA5 in a dose-dependent manner. Dual-luciferase assays indicate that NS2B alone inhibits MDA5- or poly(I:C)-mediated IFN production. NS2B binds MDA5 in the presence of 3-MA. The deletion of the amino acids of NS2B from residues 51 to 92 (hydrophilic area) restored the expression of MDA5 and relieved the MDA5-mediated IFNβ production inhibition by NS2B, indicating that the hydrophilic area of NS2B is important for its interaction with host innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiqiong Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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136
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Lysosomal dysfunction is associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive mice. Behav Brain Res 2022; 432:113987. [PMID: 35780959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome pathway-mediated inflammatory response is closely associated with depression. Increasing attention has been recently paid to the links between autophagy and depression, however, the relationship between autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in depressive behavior remain poorly understood. In the present study, the potential roles of autophagy-lysosome pathway in NLRP3 inflammasome regulation were investigated both in vivo (chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive mouse model) and in vitro (LPS-induced cellular model) model. It demonstrated that CUMS induces depressive-like behaviors in mice, accompanied by increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, it promoted the autophagosome marker LC3 and autophagic adaptor protein p62 accumulation, accompanied by the decrease of lysosomal cathepsins B and D expression in the prefrontal cortex of mice. Notably, a significant colocalization of NLRP3 and LC3 in CUMS mice by immunofluorescence co-staining were observed. For the in vitro study, disrupting the lysosomal function with Baf A1 significantly increased the LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome accumulation and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-18) production in BV2 cells. Collectively, our results suggested that the autophagic process is related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and dysfunctional lysosome in autophagy-lysosomal pathway may retard NLRP3 inflammasome degradation, facilitating the production of pro-inflammatory factors, thereby contributing to depressive behavior in CUMS mice.
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137
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Hou Y, Li J, Deng C. Vitamin D/vitamin D receptor, autophagy, and infection. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:780-785. [PMID: 35837778 PMCID: PMC10930018 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in mineral and bone homeostasis, immune responses, cardiovascular function and keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Vitamin D performs most of its functions by binding to vitamin D receptors (VDR), which interact with other intracellular signaling pathways to regulate bone metabolism, inflammation, immunity, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Autophagy is a basic stress response in yeast, plants and mammals, and plays a critical role in maintaining optimal functional states at the level of cells and organs. Vitamin D/VDR plays an anti-infection role via inducing and regulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China.
| | - Jinghui Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China.
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China
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138
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Sun S, Lu J, Lai C, Feng Z, Sheng X, Liu X, Wang Y, Huang C, Shen Z, Lv Q, Fu G, Shang M. Transcriptome analysis uncovers the autophagy-mediated regulatory patterns of the immune microenvironment in dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4101-4112. [PMID: 35752958 PMCID: PMC9279601 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between autophagy and immunity has been well studied. However, little is known about the role of autophagy in the immune microenvironment during the progression of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Therefore, this study aims to uncover the effect of autophagy on the immune microenvironment in the context of DCM. By investigating the autophagy gene expression differences between healthy donors and DCM samples, 23 dysregulated autophagy genes were identified. Using a series of bioinformatics methods, 13 DCM‐related autophagy genes were screened and used to construct a risk prediction model, which can well distinguish DCM and healthy samples. Then, the connections between autophagy and immune responses including infiltrated immunocytes, immune reaction gene‐sets and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes were systematically evaluated. In addition, two autophagy‐mediated expression patterns in DCM were determined via the unsupervised consensus clustering analysis, and the immune characteristics of different patterns were revealed. In conclusion, our study revealed the strong effect of autophagy on the DCM immune microenvironment and provided new insights to understand the pathogenesis and treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangting Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaojin Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianglan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengchen Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhida Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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139
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Gao W, Wang X, Zhou Y, Wang X, Yu Y. Autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in tumor immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:196. [PMID: 35725836 PMCID: PMC9208265 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the fact that many tumors respond poorly or even not to ICIs, partly caused by the absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), significantly limits the application of ICIs. Converting these immune “cold” tumors into “hot” tumors that may respond to ICIs is an unsolved question in cancer immunotherapy. Since it is a general characteristic of cancers to resist apoptosis, induction of non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) is emerging as a new cancer treatment strategy. Recently, several studies have revealed the interaction between non-apoptotic RCD and antitumor immunity. Specifically, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis exhibit synergistic antitumor immune responses while possibly exerting inhibitory effects on antitumor immune responses. Thus, targeted therapies (inducers or inhibitors) against autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in combination with immunotherapy may exert potent antitumor activity, even in tumors resistant to ICIs. This review summarizes the multilevel relationship between antitumor immunity and non-apoptotic RCD, including autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, and the potential targeting application of non-apoptotic RCD to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitong Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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140
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López-Armada MJ, Fernández-Rodríguez JA, Blanco FJ. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061151. [PMID: 35740048 PMCID: PMC9220001 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress could provide new targets for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in the treatment of chronic inflammation or any pathology that develops under an inflammatory scenario, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increasing evidence has demonstrated the role of mitochondrial alterations in autoimmune diseases mainly due to the interplay between metabolism and innate immunity, but also in the modulation of inflammatory response of resident cells, such as synoviocytes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction derived from several danger signals could activate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) disruption, thereby favoring a vicious cycle of oxidative/mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction can act through modulating innate immunity via redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways or direct activation of the inflammasome. Besides, mitochondria also have a central role in regulating cell death, which is deeply altered in RA. Additionally, multiple evidence suggests that pathological processes in RA can be shaped by epigenetic mechanisms and that in turn, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation. Finally, we will discuss about the involvement of some dietary components in the onset and progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José López-Armada
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
| | - Jennifer Adriana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, Universidade da Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
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141
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Ferrari E, Bettuzzi S, Naponelli V. The Potential of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) in Targeting Autophagy for Cancer Treatment: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116075. [PMID: 35682754 PMCID: PMC9181147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process for the degradation of redundant or damaged cellular material by means of a lysosome-dependent mechanism, contributing to cell homeostasis and survival. Autophagy plays a multifaceted and context-dependent role in cancer initiation, maintenance, and progression; it has a tumor suppressive role in the absence of disease and is upregulated in cancer cells to meet their elevated metabolic demands. Autophagy represents a promising but challenging target in cancer treatment. Green tea is a widely used beverage with healthy effects on several diseases, including cancer. The bioactive compounds of green tea are mainly catechins, and epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and biologically active among them. In this review, evidence of autophagy modulation and anti-cancer effects induced by EGCG treatment in experimental cancer models is presented. Reviewed articles reveal that EGCG promotes cytotoxic autophagy often through the inactivation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, resulting in apoptosis induction. EGCG pro-oxidant activity has been postulated to be responsible for its anti-cancer effects. In combination therapy with a chemotherapy drug, EGCG inhibits cell growth and the drug-induced pro-survival autophagy. The selected studies rightly claim EGCG as a valuable agent in cancer chemoprevention.
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142
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Hypoxia Induces Autophagy in Human Dendritic Cells: Involvement of Class III PI3K/Vps34. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101695. [PMID: 35626732 PMCID: PMC9139568 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a component of both physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation, solid tumors, and lymphoid tissues, where O2 demand is not balanced by O2 supply. During their lifespan, dendritic cells (DCs) are exposed to different pO2 and activate different adaptive responses, including autophagy, to preserve their viability and functions. Autophagy plays multiple roles in DC physiology. Very recently, we demonstrated that hypoxia shapes autophagy in DCs upon their differentiation state. Here, we proposed a role for PI3Ks, and especially class III PI3K/Vps34, that could be relevant in hypoxia-induced autophagy, in either immature or mature DCs. Hypoxia inhibited mTOR phosphorylation and activated a pro-autophagic program. By using different pharmacological inhibitors, we demonstrated that hypoxia-induced autophagy was mediated by PI3Ks, especially by Vps34. Furthermore, Vps34 expression was enhanced by LPS, a TLR4 ligand, along with the promotion of autophagy under hypoxia. The Vps34 inhibitor, SAR405, abolished hypoxia-induced autophagy, inhibited pro-survival signaling and viability, and increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Our results underlined the impact of autophagy in the maintenance of DC homeostasis at both cell survival and inflammatory response levels, therefore, contributing to a better understanding of the significance of autophagy in DC physiology and pathology.
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143
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Wu Z, Deng J, Zhou H, Tan W, Lin L, Yang J. Programmed Cell Death in Sepsis Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:883028. [PMID: 35655858 PMCID: PMC9152147 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.883028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is common in patients with severe sepsis, and has a high incidence rate and high mortality rate in ICU patients. Most patients progress to AKI before drug treatment is initiated. Early studies suggest that the main mechanism of SA-AKI is that sepsis leads to vasodilation, hypotension and shock, resulting in insufficient renal blood perfusion, finally leading to renal tubular cell ischemia and necrosis. Research results in recent years have shown that programmed cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and autophagy play important roles. In the early stage of sepsis-related AKI, autophagy bodies form and inhibit various types of programmed cell death. With the progress of disease, programmed cell death begins. Apoptosis promoter represents caspase-8-induced apoptosis and apoptosis effector represents caspase-3-induced apoptosis, however, caspase-11 and caspase-1 regulate gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis. Caspase-8 and receptor interacting kinase 1 bodies mediate necroptosis. This review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms of various programmed cell death in sepsis-related AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Deng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwen Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Liangping District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lirong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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144
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Chen L, Kong D, Xia S, Wang F, Li Z, Zhang F, Zheng S. Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Innate Immunity: A Pivotal Role in Hepatic Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:891069. [PMID: 35656309 PMCID: PMC9152088 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.891069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a repair process of chronic liver injuries induced by toxic substances, pathogens, and inflammation, which exhibits a feature such as deposition of the extracellular matrix. The initiation and progression of liver fibrosis heavily relies on excessive activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The activated HSCs express different kinds of chemokine receptors to further promote matrix remodulation. The long-term progression of liver fibrosis will contribute to dysfunction of the liver and ultimately cause hepatocellular carcinoma. The liver also has abundant innate immune cells, including DCs, NK cells, NKT cells, neutrophils, and Kupffer cells, which conduct complicated functions to activation and expansion of HSCs and liver fibrosis. Autophagy is one specific type of cell death, by which the aberrantly expressed protein and damaged organelles are transferred to lysosomes for further degradation, playing a crucial role in cellular homeostasis. Autophagy is also important to innate immune cells in various aspects. The previous studies have shown that dysfunction of autophagy in hepatic immune cells can result in the initiation and progression of inflammation in the liver, directly or indirectly causing activation of HSCs, which ultimately accelerate liver fibrosis. Given the crosstalk between innate immune cells, autophagy, and fibrosis progression is complicated, and the therapeutic options for liver fibrosis are quite limited, the exploration is essential. Herein, we review the previous studies about the influence of autophagy and innate immunity on liver fibrosis and the molecular mechanism to provide novel insight into the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Desong Kong
- Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Siwei Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanghao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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145
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Mao R, Zong N, Hu Y, Chen Y, Xu Y. Neuronal Death Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategy in Ischemic Stroke. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1229-1247. [PMID: 35513682 PMCID: PMC9554175 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke caused by intracranial vascular occlusion has become increasingly prevalent with considerable mortality and disability, which gravely burdens the global economy. Current relatively effective clinical treatments are limited to intravenous alteplase and thrombectomy. Even so, patients still benefit little due to the short therapeutic window and the risk of ischemia/reperfusion injury. It is therefore urgent to figure out the neuronal death mechanisms following ischemic stroke in order to develop new neuroprotective strategies. Regarding the pathogenesis, multiple pathological events trigger the activation of cell death pathways. Particular attention should be devoted to excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Thus, in this article, we first review the principal mechanisms underlying neuronal death mediated by these significant events, such as intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagic cell death. Then, we further discuss the possibility of interventions targeting these pathological events and summarize the present pharmacological achievements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ningning Zong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yujie Hu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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146
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Chen W, Xiao W, Liu X, Yuan P, Zhang S, Wang Y, Wu W. Pharmacological manipulation of macrophage autophagy effectively rejuvenates the regenerative potential of biodegrading vascular graft in aging body. Bioact Mater 2022; 11:283-299. [PMID: 34977432 PMCID: PMC8668428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Declined regenerative potential and aggravated inflammation upon aging create an inappropriate environment for arterial regeneration. Macrophages are one of vital effector cells in the immune microenvironment, especially during biomaterials mediated repairing process. Here, we revealed that the macrophage autophagy decreased with aging, which led to aggravated inflammation, thereby causing poor vascular remodeling of artificial grafts in aging body. Through loading the autophagy-targeted drugs, rapamycin and 3-MA (3-methyladenine), in PCL (polycaprolactone) sheath of the PGS (poly glycerol sebacate) - PCL vascular graft, the essential role of macrophage autophagy was confirmed in regulating macrophage polarization and biomaterial degradation. Moreover, the utilization of rapamycin promoted anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophage by activating autophagy, which further promoted myogenic differentiation of vascular progenitor cells and accelerated endothelialization. Our study elucidated the contribution of pharmacological manipulation of macrophage autophagy in promoting regeneration of small caliber artery, which may pave a new avenue for clinical translation of vascular grafts in aging body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuzheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pingping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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147
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Lv B, Shen N, Cheng Z, Chen Y, Ding H, Yuan J, Zhao K, Zhang Y. Strategies for Biomaterial-Based Spinal Cord Injury Repair via the TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:813169. [PMID: 35600111 PMCID: PMC9116428 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.813169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair and motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a clinical challenge. Injury-induced gliosis and inflammation lead to a physical barrier and an extremely inhibitory microenvironment, which in turn hinders the recovery of SCI. TLR4-NF-κB is a classic implant-related innate immunomodulation signaling pathway and part of numerous biomaterial-based treatment strategies for SCI. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that the regulation of TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the alleviation of inflammatory responses, the modulation of autophagy, apoptosis and ferroptosis, and the enhancement of anti-oxidative effect post-SCI. An increasing number of novel biomaterials have been fabricated as scaffolds and carriers, loaded with phytochemicals and drugs, to inhibit the progression of SCI through regulation of TLR4-NF-κB. This review summarizes the empirical strategies for the recovery after SCI through individual or composite biomaterials that mediate the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Naiting Shen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangrong Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jishan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kangchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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148
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Plin5, a New Target in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2122856. [PMID: 35509833 PMCID: PMC9060988 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2122856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal lipid accumulation is commonly observed in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC), which can create a lipotoxic microenvironment and damage cardiomyocytes. Lipid toxicity is an important pathogenic factor due to abnormal lipid accumulation in DC. As a lipid droplet (LD) decomposition barrier, Plin5 can protect LDs from lipase decomposition and regulate lipid metabolism, which is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, studies have shown that Plin5 expression is involved in the pathogenesis of DC lipid toxicity, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and insulin resistance (IR) and has become a key target of DC research. Therefore, understanding the relationship between Plin5 and DC progression as well as the mechanism of this process is crucial for developing new therapeutic approaches and exploring new therapeutic targets. This review is aimed at exploring the latest findings and roles of Plin5 in lipid metabolism and DC-related pathogenesis, to explore possible clinical intervention approaches.
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149
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Hernandez GA, Perera RM. Autophagy in cancer cell remodeling and quality control. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1514-1527. [PMID: 35452618 PMCID: PMC9119670 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As one of the two highly conserved cellular degradation systems, autophagy plays a critical role in regulation of protein, lipid, and organelle quality control and cellular homeostasis. This evolutionarily conserved pathway singles out intracellular substrates for elimination via encapsulation within a double-membrane vesicle and delivery to the lysosome for degradation. Multiple cancers disrupt normal regulation of autophagy and hijack its degradative ability to remodel their proteome, reprogram their metabolism, and adapt to environmental challenges, making the autophagy-lysosome system a prime target for anti-cancer interventions. Here, we discuss the roles of autophagy in tumor progression, including cancer-specific mechanisms of autophagy regulation and the contribution of tumor and host autophagy in metabolic regulation, immune evasion, and malignancy. We further discuss emerging proteomics-based approaches for systematic profiling of autophagosome-lysosome composition and contents. Together, these approaches are uncovering new features and functions of autophagy, leading to more effective strategies for targeting this pathway in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace A Hernandez
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rushika M Perera
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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150
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Niu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Lu J, Chen Y, Hao W, Zhou J, Wang L, Xie W. Canagliflozin Ameliorates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Inflammation Through Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling and Upregulating Bif-1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820541. [PMID: 35418866 PMCID: PMC8996145 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an important component of the innate immune system that mediates the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. However, current studies have shown that the abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and pneumonia. In this study, we found that canagliflozin (CAN) transcriptionally inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins by inhibiting the transduction of the nuclear factor κB signal. Autophagy is largely involved in the post-translational modifications of the NLRP3 inflammasome and is an important regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation. Bax-interacting factor 1 (Bif-1) plays an important role in autophagosome formation during early-stage autophagy. Our results are the first to indicate that CAN, a hypoglycemic drug, can inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammation by upregulating Bif-1 and autophagy in a non-hypoglycemic manner. This study provides new information regarding the treatment of patients with pneumonia, particularly those with concurrent diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenhui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weidong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
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