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Papastamatiou YP, Bodey TW, Friedlander AM, Lowe CG, Bradley D, Weng K, Priestley V, Caselle JE. Spatial separation without territoriality in shark communities. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannis P. Papastamatiou
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Florida International Univ.; 3000 NE 151st st, MSB 355 North Miami FL 33181 USA
| | - Thomas W. Bodey
- Center for Ecology and Conservation, Univ. of Exeter Penryn Campus; Cornwall UK
| | - Alan M. Friedlander
- Dept of Biology; Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa; HI USA
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society; Washington DC USA
| | | | - Darcy Bradley
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Univ. of California Santa Barbara; CA USA
| | - Kevin Weng
- Dept of Fisheries Science; Virginia Inst. of Marine Sciences, VI; USA
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Wikenros C, Aronsson M, Liberg O, Jarnemo A, Hansson J, Wallgren M, Sand H, Bergström R. Fear or food - abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9059. [PMID: 28831079 PMCID: PMC5567382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Apex predators may affect mesopredators through intraguild predation and/or supply of carrion from their prey, causing a trade-off between avoidance and attractiveness. We used wildlife triangle snow-tracking data to investigate the abundance of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in relation to lynx (Lynx lynx) and wolf (Canis lupus) occurrence as well as land composition and vole (Microtus spp.) density. Data from the Swedish wolf-monitoring system and VHF/GPS-collared wolves were used to study the effect of wolf pack size and time since wolf territory establishment on fox abundance. Bottom-up processes were more influential than top-down effects as the proportion of arable land was the key indicator of fox abundance at the landscape level. At this spatial scale, there was no effect of wolf abundance on fox abundance, whereas lynx abundance had a positive effect. In contrast, at the wolf territory level there was a negative effect of wolves on fox abundance when including detailed information of pack size and time since territory establishment, whereas there was no effect of lynx abundance. This study shows that different apex predator species may affect mesopredator abundance in different ways and that the results may be dependent on the spatiotemporal scale and resolution of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Wikenros
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden.
| | - Malin Aronsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Olof Liberg
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Anders Jarnemo
- School of Business, Engineering, and Science, Halmstad University, P.O. Box 823, SE-301 18, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Jessica Hansson
- School of Business, Engineering, and Science, Halmstad University, P.O. Box 823, SE-301 18, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Märtha Wallgren
- Forestry Research Institute of Sweden, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Sand
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Roger Bergström
- Forestry Research Institute of Sweden, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden.,Gropgränd 2A, SE-753 10, Uppsala, Sweden
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