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Persson ST, Ekström S, Papareddy P, Herwald H. Cold Atmospheric Plasma Disarms M1 Protein, an Important Streptococcal Virulence Factor. J Innate Immun 2019; 12:277-290. [PMID: 31563899 DOI: 10.1159/000502959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been demonstrated to be a successful antiseptic for chronic and infected wounds. Although experimental work has focused on elucidation of the curative power of CAP for wound healing, the molecular mechanisms behind this ability are less understood. To date, the direct effect of CAP on the activity of microbial virulence factors has not been investigated. In the present study, we therefore examined whether CAP can modulate the detrimental activity of M1 protein, one of the most studied Streptococcus pyogenes virulence determinant. Our results show that CAP abolishes the ability of M1 protein to trigger inflammatory host responses. Subsequent mass spectrometric analysis revealed that this effect was caused by oxidation of Met81 and Trp128 located at the sub-N-terminal region of M1 protein provoking a conformational change. Notably, our results also show that CAP has an insignificant effect on the host immune system, supporting the benefits of using CAP to combat infections. Considering the growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, novel antimicrobial therapeutic approaches are urgently needed that do not bear the risk of inducing additional resistance. Our study therefore may open new research avenues for the development of novel approaches for the treatment of skin and wound infections caused by S. pyogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra T Persson
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden,
| | - Simon Ekström
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Biological Mass Spectrometry (BioMS), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Praveen Papareddy
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Heiko Herwald
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
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102
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Cui HS, Cho YS, Joo SY, Mun CH, Seo CH, Kim JB. Wound Healing Potential of Low Temperature Plasma in Human Primary Epidermal Keratinocytes. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:585-593. [PMID: 31824821 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00215-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low temperature plasma (LTP) was recently shown to be potentially useful for biomedical applications such as bleeding cessation, cancer treatment, and wound healing, among others. Keratinocytes are a major cell type that migrates directionally into the wound bed, and their proliferation leads to complete wound closure during the cutaneous repair/regeneration process. However, the beneficial effects of LTP on human keratinocytes have not been well studied. Therefore, we investigated migration, growth factor production, and cytokine secretion in primary human keratinocytes after LTP treatment. METHODS Primary cultured keratinocytes were obtained from human skin biopsies. Cell viability was measured with the EZ-Cytox cell viability assay, cell migration was evaluated by an in vitro wound healing assay, gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and western blotting after LTP treatment. RESULTS Cell migration, the secretion of several cytokines, and gene and protein levels of angiogenic growth factors increased in LTP-treated human keratinocytes without associated cell toxicity. LTP treatment also significantly induced the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), an upstream regulator of angiogenesis. Further, the inhibition of HIF-1α expression blocked the production of angiogenic growth factors induced by LTP in human keratinocytes. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that LTP treatment is an effective approach to modulate wound healing-related molecules in epidermal keratinocytes and might promote angiogenesis, leading to improved wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song Cui
- 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Burn Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 55 Beodeunaru-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07247 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Cho
- 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 55 Beodeunaru-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07247 Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Joo
- 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 55 Beodeunaru-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07247 Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Hee Mun
- 3Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong Hoon Seo
- 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 55 Beodeunaru-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07247 Republic of Korea
| | - June-Bum Kim
- 4Department of Pediatrics, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, 55 Beodeunaru-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07247 Republic of Korea
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103
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Bernhardt T, Semmler ML, Schäfer M, Bekeschus S, Emmert S, Boeckmann L. Plasma Medicine: Applications of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma in Dermatology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3873928. [PMID: 31565150 PMCID: PMC6745145 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3873928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability to produce cold plasma at atmospheric pressure conditions was the basis for the rapid growth of plasma-related application areas in biomedicine. Plasma comprises a multitude of active components such as charged particles, electric current, UV radiation, and reactive gas species which can act synergistically. Anti-itch, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, tissue-stimulating, blood flow-enhancing, and proapoptotic effects were demonstrated in in vivo and in vitro experiments, and until now, no resistance of pathogens against plasma treatment was observed. The combination of the different active agents and their broad range of positive effects on various diseases, especially easily accessible skin diseases, renders plasma quite attractive for applications in medicine. For medical applications, two different types of cold plasma appear suitable: indirect (plasma jet) and direct (dielectric barrier discharge-DBD) plasma sources. The DBD device PlasmaDerm® VU-2010 (CINOGY Technologies GmbH), the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) kINPen® MED (INP Greifswald/neoplas tools GmbH), and the SteriPlas (Adtec Ltd., London, United Kingdom) are CE-certified as a medical product to treat chronic wounds in humans and showed efficacy and a good tolerability. Recently, the use of plasma in cancer research and oncology is of particular interest. Plasma has been shown to induce proapoptotic effects more efficiently in tumor cells compared with the benign counterparts, leads to cellular senescence, and-as shown in vivo-reduces skin tumors. To this end, a world-wide first Leibniz professorship for plasmabiotechnology in dermatology has been introduced to establish a scientific network for the investigation of the efficacy and safety of cold atmospheric plasma in dermatooncology. Hence, plasma medicine especially in dermatology holds great promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoralf Bernhardt
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock 18057, Germany
| | - Marie Luise Semmler
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock 18057, Germany
| | - Mirijam Schäfer
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock 18057, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Steffen Emmert
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock 18057, Germany
| | - Lars Boeckmann
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock 18057, Germany
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Abstract
The formation of bacterial biofilm on implanted devices or damaged tissues leads to biomaterial-associated infections often resulting in life-threatening diseases and implant failure. It is a challenging process to eradicate biofilms as they are resistant to antimicrobial treatments. Conventional techniques, such as high heat and chemicals exposure, may not be suitable for biofilm removal in nosocomial settings. These techniques create surface degradation on the treated materials and lead to environmental pollution due to the use of toxic chemicals. A novel technique known as non-thermal plasma has a great potential to decontaminate or sterilize those nosocomial biofilms. This article aims to provide readers with an extensive review of non-thermal plasma and biofilms to facilitate further investigations. A brief introduction summarizes the problem caused by biofilms in hospital settings with current techniques used for biofilm inactivation followed by the literature review strategy. The remainder of the review discusses plasma and its generation, the role played by plasma reactive species, various factors affecting the antimicrobial efficacy of non-thermal plasma and summarizes many studies published in the field.
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105
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Nguyen L, Lu P, Boehm D, Bourke P, Gilmore BF, Hickok NJ, Freeman TA. Cold atmospheric plasma is a viable solution for treating orthopedic infection: a review. Biol Chem 2019; 400:77-86. [PMID: 30138104 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance are major threats to human health and very few solutions are available to combat this eventuality. A growing number of studies indicate that cold (non-thermal) plasma treatment can be used to prevent or eliminate infection from bacteria, bacterial biofilms, fungi and viruses. Mechanistically, a cold plasma discharge is composed of high-energy electrons that generate short-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species which further react to form more stable compounds (NO2, H2O2, NH2Cl and others) depending on the gas mixture and plasma parameters. Cold plasma devices are being developed for medical applications including infection, cancer, plastic surgery applications and more. Thus, in this review we explore the potential utility of cold plasma as a non-antibiotic approach for treating post-surgical orthopedic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107-5099, USA
| | - Peng Lu
- College of Science and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniela Boehm
- College of Science and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paula Bourke
- College of Science and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan F Gilmore
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Noreen J Hickok
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107-5099, USA
| | - Theresa A Freeman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107-5099, USA
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106
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Boehm D, Bourke P. Safety implications of plasma-induced effects in living cells - a review of in vitro and in vivo findings. Biol Chem 2019; 400:3-17. [PMID: 30044756 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma is a versatile new tool in the biomedical field with applications ranging from disinfection, wound healing and tissue regeneration to blood coagulation, and cancer treatment. Along with improved insights into the underlying physical, chemical and biological principles, plasma medicine has also made important advances in the introduction into the clinic. However, in the absence of a standard plasma 'dose' definition, the diversity of the field poses certain difficulties in terms of comparability of plasma devices, treatment parameters and resulting biological effects, particularly with regards to the question of what constitutes a safe plasma application. Data from various in vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic studies along with in vivo findings from animal and human trials are reviewed to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on the safety of plasma for biological applications. Treatment parameters employed in clinical studies were well tolerated but intense treatment conditions can also induce tissue damage or genotoxicity. There is a need identified to establish both guidelines and safety limits that ensure an absence of (long-term) side effects and to define treatments as safe for applications, where cell stimulation is desired, e.g. in wound healing, or those aimed at inducing cell death in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Boehm
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Plasma Research Group, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Paula Bourke
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Plasma Research Group, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 1, Ireland
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107
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Bekeschus S, Seebauer C, Wende K, Schmidt A. Physical plasma and leukocytes - immune or reactive? Biol Chem 2019; 400:63-75. [PMID: 30030959 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Leukocytes are professionals in recognizing and removing pathogenic or unwanted material. They are present in virtually all tissues, and highly motile to enter or leave specific sites throughout the body. Less than a decade ago, physical plasmas entered the field of medicine to deliver their delicate mix of reactive species and other physical agents for mainly dermatological or oncological therapy. Plasma treatment thus affects leukocytes via direct or indirect means: immune cells are either present in tissues during treatment, or infiltrate or exfiltrate plasma-treated areas. The immune system is crucial for human health and resolution of many types of diseases. It is therefore vital to study the response of leukocytes after plasma treatment in vitro and in vivo. This review gathers together the major themes in the plasma treatment of innate and adaptive immune cells, and puts these into the context of wound healing and oncology, the two major topics in plasma medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), ZIK plasmatis, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Seebauer
- Greifswald University Medical Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Surgery, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str. DZ 7, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kristian Wende
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), ZIK plasmatis, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), ZIK plasmatis, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
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108
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Kramer A, Conway BR, Meissner K, Scholz F, Rauch BH, Moroder A, Ehlers A, Meixner AJ, Heidecke CD, Partecke LI, Kietzmann M, Assadian O. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma for treatment of chronic wounds: drug or medical device? J Wound Care 2019; 26:470-475. [PMID: 28795892 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.8.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) as a new therapeutic option to aid the healing of chronic wounds appears promising. Currently, uncertainty exists regarding their classification as medical device or medical drug. Because the classification of CAPP has medical, legal, and economic consequences as well as implications for the level of preclinical and clinical testing, the correct classification is not an academic exercise, but an ethical need. METHOD A multidisciplinary team of physicians, surgeons, pharmacists, physicists and lawyers has analysed the physical and technical characteristics as well as legal conditions of the biological action of CAPP. RESULTS It was concluded that the mode of action of the locally generated CAPP, with its main active components being different radicals, is pharmacological and not physical in nature. CONCLUSION Depending on the intended use, CAPP should be classified as a drug, which is generated by use of a medical device directly at the point of therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kramer
- Consultant Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - B R Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, United Kingdom; Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, School for Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield
| | - K Meissner
- Anesthetist, Intensive Care Specialist, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Medicine, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Scholz
- Biochemist, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - B H Rauch
- Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Moroder
- Lawyer, Ehlers, Ehlers & Partner Healthcare Law Firm Munich, Germany
| | - A Ehlers
- Lawyer, Ehlers, Ehlers & Partner Healthcare Law Firm Munich, Germany
| | - A J Meixner
- Physicist, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Tübingen, Germany
| | - C-D Heidecke
- General Surgeon, Department of Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - L I Partecke
- General Surgeon, Department of Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Kietzmann
- Veterinary Medicine, Pharmacologist, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - O Assadian
- Consultant Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, Consultant Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Institute for Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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109
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Wiegand C, Fink S, Hipler UC, Beier O, Horn K, Pfuch A, Schimanski A, Grünler B. Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas exhibit antimicrobial properties against critical bacteria and yeast species. J Wound Care 2019; 26:462-468. [PMID: 28795887 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.8.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPPs) have been used to sterilise implant materials and other thermally unstable medical products and to modify chemical surfaces. This study investigates the antimicrobial effect of the gas and input power used to generate CAPPs on microorganisms causing skin infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Malassezia pachydermatis. METHOD Microorganisms were cultivated on Mueller Hinton 2 (MH2) agar plates. CAPP treatment was performed using the Plasma BLASTER MEF. To investigate the antimicrobial effects the following CAPP parameters were varied: the gas used, input power, as well as number of treatments and treatment time. RESULTS The antimicrobial efficacy of the CAPPs was found to increase with increasing input power and treatment time (or cycles). Furthermore the plasma generated from nitrogen is more effective than from air. CONCLUSION The study showed that CAPPs demonstrate strong bactericidal and fungicidal properties in vitro. The selective application of CAPPs for the treatment of wound infections may offer a promising supplementary tool alongside current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wiegand
- Biochemist, Scientific Associate, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - S Fink
- Scientific Associate, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - U-C Hipler
- Head of Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - O Beier
- Research Scientist, Department of Surface Engineering/Plasma Technology, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - K Horn
- Research Scientist, Department of Surface Engineering/Plasma Technology, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - A Pfuch
- Head of Department Plasma Technology, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - A Schimanski
- Managing Director of Innovent, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - B Grünler
- Managing Director of Innovent, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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Golubitskaya EA, Troitskaya OS, Yelak EV, Gugin PP, Richter VA, Schweigert IV, Zakrevsky DE, Koval OA. Cold Physical Plasma Decreases the Viability of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Acta Naturae 2019; 11:16-19. [PMID: 31720012 PMCID: PMC6826155 DOI: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-3-16-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate that accompanies cancer spurs the search for new methods that can be used to treat malignant neoplasms. In addition to chemotherapy, electrophysical techniques for tumor treatment appear rather promising. The results of in vitro exposure of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells to cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) are hereby presented. A gas-discharge device that generates a sequence of streamers propagating along a stream of inert gas in the ambient air was used. In the zone where the plasma jet came into contact with the target object, there were high-intensity electric fields and high plasma concentrations, while the gas temperature changed by less than a degree. In this study, we compared the cytotoxic effect of CAP in helium and argon. Direct irradiation of cells by CAP with U = 4.2 kV for 30-120 s was shown to reduce cell viability by 25%. Variation of the amplitude of the AC voltage in the plasma device in argon within a range of 3.8-5.6 kV did not significantly alter the cell death rate. Further optimization of the modes of CAP generation in gas-discharge devices with various geometries for the trea.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Golubitskaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - O. S. Troitskaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - E. V. Yelak
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, K. Marx Ave. 20, Novosibirsk, 630073, Russia
| | - P. P. Gugin
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physic, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. 13, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - V. A. Richter
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - I. V. Schweigert
- Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 4/1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - D. E. Zakrevsky
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, K. Marx Ave. 20, Novosibirsk, 630073, Russia
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physic, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. 13, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - O. A. Koval
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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111
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Plasma-Derived Reactive Species Shape a Differentiation Profile in Human Monocytes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9122530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Monocyte-derived macrophages are key regulators and producers of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that cold physical plasma may be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory conditions via the release of ROS/RNS. However, it is unknown how plasma treatment affects monocytes and their differentiation profile. Methods: Naïve or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-pulsed THP-1 monocytes were exposed to cold physical plasma. The cells were analyzed regarding their metabolic activity as well as flow cytometry (analysis of viability, oxidation, surface marker expression and cytokine secretion) and high content imaging (quantitative analysis of morphology. Results: The plasma treatment affected THP-1 metabolisms, viability, and morphology. Furthermore, a significant modulation CD55, CD69, CD271 surface-expression and increase of inflammatory IL1β, IL6, IL8, and MCP1 secretion was observed upon plasma treatment. Distinct phenotypical changes in THP-1 cells arguing for a differentiation profile were validated in primary monocytes from donor blood. As a functional outcome, plasma-treated monocytes decreased the viability of co-cultured melanoma cells to a greater extent than their non-treated counterparts. Conclusions: Our results suggest plasma-derived ROS/RNS shaped a differentiation profile in human monocytes as evidenced by their increased inflammatory profile (surface marker and cytokines) as well as functional outcome (tumor toxicity).
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112
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Bui UT, Finlayson K, Edwards H. The diagnosis of infection in chronic leg ulcers: A narrative review on clinical practice. Int Wound J 2019; 16:601-620. [PMID: 30697930 PMCID: PMC7948879 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This literature review aimed to provide a narrative review of evidence on validity of clinical and microbial indicators of infection and to gain insights into the diagnosis of infection in chronic leg ulcers (CLUs). A search was conducted in Cinahl, Medline, the Cochrane Library databases, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Pubmed, PsycINFO, ProQuest dissertations, and Google Scholar from January 1990 to July 2017. The inclusion criteria were original studies, systematic reviews, and consensus documents focused on "infection" in CLUs, English language, clinical and community settings, and human. The reviewed studies were inconsistent in criteria for infection between investigated wound types and lack of specificity regarding wound types. There were few studies investigating the criteria for diagnosis of infection in leg ulcers. The identification of leg ulcer infection still remains problematic and relies on out-of-date and not uniform evidence. Literature in this area was mostly limited to level III and IV evidence based on The Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Levels of Evidence, or expert opinion. This literature review showed seven clinical signs and symptoms that could be diagnostic for infection in CLUs, including: new, increased, or altered ulcer pain; malodour; increased ulcer area; wound breakdown, delayed or non-healing; and erythema and increased local temperature, whilst the microbial indicators used to diagnose infected leg ulcers were varied and regarded as less important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ut T. Bui
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
| | - Kathleen Finlayson
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
| | - Helen Edwards
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
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113
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Ke Z, Zhang Q, Huang Q. Potassium Iodide Potentiates Bacterial Killing by Helium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8365-8372. [PMID: 31459925 PMCID: PMC6648913 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an effective new antimicrobial approach that is gaining increasing attention and has a wide range of potential applications in biomedical fields. Among all of the bactericidal factors generated by CAP, the synergy of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species is generally considered as the main reason for its high bactericidal efficiency. However, the produced RNS (such as nitrite) may also pose potential risks to human health. Therefore, it is of significance to keep the high disinfection efficiency of CAP but with producing no or little harmful RNS. In this study, we investigated whether it is possible to improve the disinfection efficiency of CAP without producing the harmful RNS by adding a certain amount of inert halogen salt such as potassium iodide (KI). We found that the inactivation of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria by helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet (He-APPJ), one form of CAP, is enhanced consistently in the presence of a certain amount of KI. The mechanism of action is due to the fact that the He-APPJ-generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidizes the iodide anion to triiodide (I3 -), which contributes to the major bactericidal activity. We believe that the results in this work can be highly relevant to the practical application of plasma for disinfection in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Ke
- Key
Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Institute
of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Hefei Institutes
of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- University
of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qifu Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Institute
of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Hefei Institutes
of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- University
of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Key
Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Institute
of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Hefei Institutes
of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- University
of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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114
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Cold Argon Plasma as Adjuvant Tumour Therapy on Progressive Head and Neck Cancer: A Preclinical Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Investigating cold argon plasma (CAP) for medical applications is a rapidly growing, innovative field of research. The controllable supply of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species through CAP has the potential for utilization in tumour treatment. Maxillofacial surgery is limited if tumours grow on vital structures such as the arteria carotis. Here CAP could be considered as an option for adjuvant intraoperative tumour therapy especially in the case of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Further preclinical research is necessary to investigate the efficacy of this technology for future clinical applications in cancer treatment. Initially, a variety of in vitro assays was performed on two cell lines that served as surrogate for the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and healthy tissue, respectively. Cell viability, motility and the activation of apoptosis in SCC cells (HNO97) was compared with those in normal HaCaT keratinocytes. In addition, induction of apoptosis in ex vivo CAP treated human tissue biopsies of patients with tumours of the head and neck was monitored and compared to healthy control tissue of the same patient. In response to CAP treatment, normal HaCaT keratinocytes differed significantly from their malignant counterpart HNO97 cells in cell motility only whereas cell viability remained similar. Moreover, CAP treatment of tumour tissue induced more apoptotic cells than in healthy tissue that was accompanied by elevated extracellular cytochrome c levels. This study promotes a future role of CAP as an adjuvant intraoperative tumour therapy option in the treatment of head and neck cancer. Moreover, patient-derived tissue explants complement in vitro examinations in a meaningful way to reflect an antitumoral role of CAP.
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115
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Schneider C, Gebhardt L, Arndt S, Karrer S, Zimmermann JL, Fischer MJM, Bosserhoff AK. Acidification is an Essential Process of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Promotes the Anti-Cancer Effect on Malignant Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050671. [PMID: 31091795 PMCID: PMC6562457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is ionized gas near room temperature. The anti-cancer effects of CAP were confirmed for several cancer types and were attributed to CAP-induced reactive species. However, the mode of action of CAP is still not well understood. (2) Methods: Changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ level after CAP treatment of malignant melanoma cells were analyzed via the intracellular Ca2+ indicator fura-2 AM. CAP-produced reactive species were determined by fluorescence spectroscopic and protein nitration by Western Blot analysis. (3) Results: CAP caused a strong acidification of water and solutions that were buffered with the so-called Good buffers, while phosphate-buffered solutions with higher buffer capacity showed minor pH reductions. The CAP-induced Ca2+ influx in melanoma cells was stronger in acidic pH than in physiological conditions. NO formation that is induced by CAP was dose- and pH-dependent and CAP-treated solutions only caused protein nitration in cells under acidic conditions. (4) Conclusions: We describe the impact of CAP-induced acidification on the anti-cancer effects of CAP. A synergistic effect of CAP-induced ROS, RNS, and acidic conditions affected the intracellular Ca2+ level of melanoma cells. As the microenvironment of tumors is often acidic, further acidification might be one reason for the specific anti-cancer effects of CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Lisa Gebhardt
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Arndt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Sigrid Karrer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | | | - Michael J M Fischer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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116
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Dai X, Luo Y, Xu Y, Zhang J. Key indexes and the emerging tool for tumor microenvironment editing. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1027-1042. [PMID: 31218110 PMCID: PMC6556601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cancer management approaches including immunotherapies can not achieve desirable therapeutic efficacies if targeting tumors alone or could not effectively reach tumor cells. The concept of tumor microenvironment and its induced gene reprogramming have largely extended our current understandings on the determinants of tumor initiation/progression and fostered our hope in establishing first-line therapies targeting cancer microenvironment or adjuvant therapies enhancing the efficacies of existing oncotherapeutic modalities such as immunotherapies for efficient cancer management. This review identifies key indexes of tumor microenvironment, i.e., hypoxia, acidosis, hypo-nutrition and inflammation, which collectively determine the feature and the fate of adjacent tumor cells, and proposes cold atmospheric plasma, the fourth state of matter that is largely composed of various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as a promising tool for tumor microenvironment editing. We propose that cold atmospheric plasma represents an emerging onco-therapeutic strategy alone or complementing existing treatment approaches given its multi-modal nature through tumor microenvironment modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Yini Luo
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El PasoTexas 79968, USA
- Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
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117
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Gan L, Zhang S, Poorun D, Liu D, Lu X, He M, Duan X, Chen H. Medizinische Anwendungen von nicht-thermischem Atmosphärendruckplasma in der Dermatologie. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2019; 16:7-14. [PMID: 29314681 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13373_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Devesh Poorun
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinpei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengwen He
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoru Duan
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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118
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Treatment of Infected Wounds in the Age of Antimicrobial Resistance: Contemporary Alternative Therapeutic Options. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 142:1082-1092. [PMID: 30252823 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000004799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
As antibiotic resistance increases and antimicrobial options diminish, there is a pressing need to identify and develop new and/or alternative (non-antimicrobial-based) wound therapies. The authors describe the implications of antibiotic resistance on their current wound treatment paradigms and review the most promising non-antibiotic-based antimicrobial agents currently in research and development, with a focus on preclinical and human studies of therapeutic bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, cold plasma treatment, photodynamic therapy, honey, silver, and bioelectric dressings.
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119
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Gan L, Duan J, Zhang S, Liu X, Poorun D, Liu X, Lu X, Duan X, Liu D, Chen H. Cold atmospheric plasma ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis in mice by mediating antiproliferative effects. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:269-280. [PMID: 30663913 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1564920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic hyperproliferative skin disease characterised by excessive growth of keratinocytes. Indeed, inducing keratinocyte apoptosis is a key mechanism responsible for psoriatic plaques clearance following some important existing therapies, which display pro-oxidant activity. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), acting as a tuneable source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), can controllably transfer RONS to the cellular environment, deliver antiproliferative RONS concentrations and exert antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects. This study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CAP in psoriasis. We used cell models of psoriasis-like inflammation by adding lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) to HaCaT keratinocytes. Indirect plasma, plasma-activated medium (PAM), was administered to HaCaT cells. Atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) was applied directly to imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasiform dermatitis in mice. The results showed that PAM induced an increase in intracellular ROS and caused keratinocyte apoptosis. Moreover, cells under inflammation showed lesser viability and larger apoptosis rate. With repeated administration of APPJ, psoriasiform lesions showed ameliorated morphological manifestation and reduced epidermal proliferation. Overall, this study supports that CAP holds good potential in psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- a Department of Dermatology , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Jiangwei Duan
- b State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Song Zhang
- a Department of Dermatology , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xin Liu
- b State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Devesh Poorun
- a Department of Dermatology , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- a Department of Dermatology , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xinpei Lu
- b State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xiaoru Duan
- a Department of Dermatology , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Dawei Liu
- b State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- a Department of Dermatology , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
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120
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Cold Physical Plasma Modulates p53 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Keratinocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7017363. [PMID: 30733851 PMCID: PMC6348845 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7017363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Small reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) driven signaling plays a significant role in wound healing processes by controlling cell functionality and wound phase transitions. The application of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP), a partially ionized gas expelling a variety of ROS and RNS, was shown to be effective in chronic wound management and contrastingly also in malignant diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood but redox signaling events are involved. As a central player, the cellular tumor antigen p53 governs regulatory networks controlling proliferation, death, or metabolism, all of which are grossly modulated by anti- and prooxidant signals. Using a human skin cell model, a transient phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p53, preceded by the phosphorylation of upstream serine- (ATM) and serine/threonine-protein kinase (ATR), was detected after CAP treatment. Results indicate that ATM acts as a direct redox sensor without relevant contribution of phosphorylation of the histone A2X, a marker of DNA damage. Downstream events are the activation of checkpoint kinases Chk1/2 and several mitogen-activated (MAP) kinases. Subsequently, the expression of MAP kinase signaling effectors (e.g., heat shock protein Hsp27), epithelium derived growth factors, and cytokines (Interleukins 6 + 8) was increased. A number of p53 downstream effectors pointed at a decrease of cell growth due to DNA repair processes. In summary, CAP treatment led to an activation of cell repair and defense mechanisms including a modulation of paracrine inflammatory signals emphasizing the role of prooxidant species in CAP-related cell signaling.
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121
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Ning J, Zhao H, Chen B, Mi EZ, Yang Z, Qing W, Lam KWJ, Yi B, Chen Q, Gu J, Ichim T, Bogin V, Lu K, Ma D. Argon Mitigates Impaired Wound Healing Process and Enhances Wound Healing In Vitro and In Vivo. Theranostics 2019; 9:477-490. [PMID: 30809288 PMCID: PMC6376177 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and current treatments are far from optimal. Chronic wounds in diabetes are characterised by impaired angiogenesis, leukocyte function, fibroblast proliferation, and keratinocyte migration and proliferation. Methods: We tested the effect of exposure to argon gas on endothelial cell, fibroblast, macrophage and keratinocyte cell cultures in vitro and in vivo of a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model. Results: Exposure to normobaric argon gas promotes multiple steps of the wound healing process. Argon accelerated angiogenesis, associated with upregulation of pro-angiogenic Angiopoietin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with argon enhanced expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, early recruitment of macrophages and keratinocyte proliferation. Argon had a pro-survival effect, inducing expression of cytoprotective mediators B-cell lymphoma 2 and heme oxygenase 1. Argon was able to accelerate wound closure in a diabetic mouse model. Conclusion: Together these findings indicate that argon gas may be a promising candidate for clinical use in treatment of diabetic ulcers.
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122
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Molecular mechanisms of non-thermal plasma-induced effects in cancer cells. Biol Chem 2018; 400:87-91. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPlasma is the fourth state of matter with higher energy than gas; non-thermal plasma (NTP) is currently available. As NTP is useful in sterilization, promoting wound healing and cancer treatments, the molecular mechanisms of plasma-induced effects in living cells and microorganisms are of significant interest in plasma medicine with medical-engineering collaboration. Molecular mechanisms of plasma-induced effects in cancer cells will be described in this minireview. Both direct and indirect methods to treat cancer cells with NTP have been developed. NTP interacts directly with not only cancer cells but also the liquids surrounding cancer cells and the immune cells that target them. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play key roles in NTP-induced effects; however, other mechanisms have been suggested. The complex interactions between NTP, cells and liquids have been extensively studied. In the future, details regarding NTP-induced effects on gene regulatory networks, signaling networks, and metabolic networks will be elucidated.
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123
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Investigation of the Roles of Plasma Species Generated by Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16674. [PMID: 30420780 PMCID: PMC6232176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging sterilization technology, cold atmospheric plasma offers a dry, non-thermal, rapid process that is minimally damaging to a majority of substrates. However, the mechanisms by which plasma interacts with living cells are poorly understood and the plasma generation apparatuses are complex and resource-intensive. In this study, the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and charged particles (ions) produced by surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma on prokaryotic (Listeria monocytogenes (Gram-positive)) and eukaryotic (human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)) cellular function were evaluated. HUVEC and bacterial oxidative stress responses, the accumulation of nitrite in aqueous media, air ion density, and bacterial inactivation at various distances from SDBD actuators were measured. SDBD actuator designs were also varied in terms of electrode number and length to evaluate the cellular effects of plasma volume and power distribution. NO and ions were found to contribute minimally to the observed cellular effects, whereas ROS were found to cause rapid bacterial inactivation, induce eukaryotic and prokaryotic oxidative stress, and result in rapid oxidation of bovine muscle tissue. The results of this study underscore the dominance of ROS as the major plasma generated species responsible for cellular effects, with ions and RNS having a secondary, complimentary role.
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124
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Schmidt A, Bekeschus S. Redox for Repair: Cold Physical Plasmas and Nrf2 Signaling Promoting Wound Healing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E146. [PMID: 30347767 PMCID: PMC6210784 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds and ulcers are major public health threats. Being a substantial burden for patients and health care systems alike, better understanding of wound pathophysiology and new avenues in the therapy of chronic wounds are urgently needed. Cold physical plasmas are particularly effective in promoting wound closure, irrespective of its etiology. These partially ionized gases deliver a therapeutic cocktail of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species safely at body temperature and without genotoxic side effects. This field of plasma medicine reanimates the idea of redox repair in physiological healing. This review compiles previous findings of plasma effects in wound healing. It discusses new links between plasma treatment of cells and tissues, and the perception and intracellular translation of plasma-derived reactive species via redox signaling pathways. Specifically, (i) molecular switches governing redox-mediated tissue response; (ii) the activation of the nuclear E2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling, together with antioxidative and immunomodulatory responses; and (iii) the stabilization of the scaffolding function and actin network in dermal fibroblasts are emphasized in the light of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schmidt
- Plasma Life Science, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK-PRE, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
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125
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Assadian O, Ousey KJ, Daeschlein G, Kramer A, Parker C, Tanner J, Leaper DJ. Effects and safety of atmospheric low-temperature plasma on bacterial reduction in chronic wounds and wound size reduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2018; 16:103-111. [PMID: 30311743 PMCID: PMC7379569 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of atmospheric low‐temperature plasma (AP) on chronic wounds and its effect on microbial bioburden in open wounds has not been explored with a systematic review and meta‐analysis. PRISMA guidelines were followed and PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which compared AP with no AP for the management of open, chronic wounds. The primary outcomes of reduction of bioburden or wound size were included. Meta‐analyses were performed; odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled in a random effects model. Four RCTs investigated the effect of AP on chronic wound healing. Chronic wounds treated with AP did not show a significant improvement in healing (AP vs control: OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 0.89‐2.38; P = 0.13). Five further RCTs investigated the reduction of bioburden in wounds, but AP demonstrated no significant reduction of bioburden (AP vs control: OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.45‐1.62; P = 0.63). All nine RCTs recorded the presence of any severe adverse events (SAEs) in the 268 patients studied, with only one unrelated SAE identified in each group (AP vs control: OR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.05‐19.96; P = 1.00). Use of AP in wound care is safe, but the retrieved evidence and meta‐analysis show that there is no clinical benefit of AP in chronic open wounds using currently available AP device settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ojan Assadian
- Department for Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Karen J Ousey
- Institute for Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - George Daeschlein
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christina Parker
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Tanner
- Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - David J Leaper
- Institute for Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
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126
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Schröter S, Wijaikhum A, Gibson AR, West A, Davies HL, Minesi N, Dedrick J, Wagenaars E, de Oliveira N, Nahon L, Kushner MJ, Booth JP, Niemi K, Gans T, O'Connell D. Chemical kinetics in an atmospheric pressure helium plasma containing humidity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24263-24286. [PMID: 30211409 PMCID: PMC6161623 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02473a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pressure plasmas are sources of biologically active oxygen and nitrogen species, which makes them potentially suitable for the use as biomedical devices. Here, experiments and simulations are combined to investigate the formation of the key reactive oxygen species, atomic oxygen (O) and hydroxyl radicals (OH), in a radio-frequency driven atmospheric pressure plasma jet operated in humidified helium. Vacuum ultra-violet high-resolution Fourier-transform absorption spectroscopy and ultra-violet broad-band absorption spectroscopy are used to measure absolute densities of O and OH. These densities increase with increasing H2O content in the feed gas, and approach saturation values at higher admixtures on the order of 3 × 1014 cm-3 for OH and 3 × 1013 cm-3 for O. Experimental results are used to benchmark densities obtained from zero-dimensional plasma chemical kinetics simulations, which reveal the dominant formation pathways. At low humidity content, O is formed from OH+ by proton transfer to H2O, which also initiates the formation of large cluster ions. At higher humidity content, O is created by reactions between OH radicals, and lost by recombination with OH. OH is produced mainly from H2O+ by proton transfer to H2O and by electron impact dissociation of H2O. It is lost by reactions with other OH molecules to form either H2O + O or H2O2. Formation pathways change as a function of humidity content and position in the plasma channel. The understanding of the chemical kinetics of O and OH gained in this work will help in the development of plasma tailoring strategies to optimise their densities in applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schröter
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Apiwat Wijaikhum
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Andrew R. Gibson
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
- LPP
, CNRS
, Ecole Polytechnique
, UPMC Univ. Paris-Sud
, Observatoire de Paris
, Université Paris-Saclay
, Sorbonne Universités
, PSL Research University
,
91128 Palaiseau
, France
| | - Andrew West
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Helen L. Davies
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
- Centre of Immunology and Infection
, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
| | - Nicolas Minesi
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - James Dedrick
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Erik Wagenaars
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Nelson de Oliveira
- Synchrotron Soleil
, l'Orme des Merisiers
,
St. Aubin BP 48
, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex
, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron Soleil
, l'Orme des Merisiers
,
St. Aubin BP 48
, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex
, France
| | - Mark J. Kushner
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
, University of Michigan
,
1301 Beal Ave.
, Ann Arbor
, Michigan 48109-2122
, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Booth
- LPP
, CNRS
, Ecole Polytechnique
, UPMC Univ. Paris-Sud
, Observatoire de Paris
, Université Paris-Saclay
, Sorbonne Universités
, PSL Research University
,
91128 Palaiseau
, France
| | - Kari Niemi
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Timo Gans
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
| | - Deborah O'Connell
- York Plasma Institute
, Department of Physics
, University of York
,
Heslington
, York YO10 5DD
, UK
.
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127
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Kleineidam B, Nokhbehsaim M, Deschner J, Wahl G. Effect of cold plasma on periodontal wound healing-an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1941-1950. [PMID: 30232626 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a room temperate ionized gas, seems to be a possible way to enhance tissue recovery. An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the influence of medical CAP on the regenerative capacity of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human PDL cells were subjected to CAP at various intensities, distances, and durations. The effects of CAP on a number of specific markers were studied at transcriptional level using real-time PCR. Additionally, an in vitro wound healing assay was applied to PDL cell monolayers either in the presence or absence of CAP by using JuLI™ Br Live Cell Analyzer and software. Finally, cell viability of CAP-treated cells was analyzed by an XTT assay. RESULTS CAP treatment enhanced significantly the expression of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, cyclooxygenase (COX)2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, collagen (COL)1α, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1, as well as the proliferation markers Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), but downregulated apoptotic markers Apaf1 and p53. Additionally, the in vitro wound healing rate was significantly enhanced after CAP application. Moreover, CAP treatment resulted in a significantly increased cell viability in the XTT assay. CONCLUSION This in vitro study shows that CAP has regulatable effects on markers of periodontal wound healing thereby underlining the potential use of CAP as a benefit treatment strategy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our study demonstrates the application of CAP in the treatment of oral pathologies suggesting a promising future treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Kleineidam
- Department of Oral Surgery, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
| | - M Nokhbehsaim
- Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Deschner
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - G Wahl
- Department of Oral Surgery, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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128
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Hafner S, Ehrenfeld M, Neumann AC, Wieser A. Comparison of the bactericidal effect of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP), antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), and polihexanide (PHX) in a novel wet surface model to mimic oral cavity application. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:2197-2202. [PMID: 30316654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) is increasingly used for medical applications. The first devices are available from commercial manufactures, promising to improve wound healing and disinfection. The underlying antimicrobial mechanisms of CAPP are discussed, while the first results on its bactericidal efficiency against common bacterial species have already been published, with promising results. Most of the plasma sources used in these studies were built by the investigators themselves, and are not commercially available or licensed for clinical use. To evaluate the postulated bactericidal effects in clinical practice, we studied a commercially available, ready-to-use CAPP-device, which is also designed to be used in the field of dental, oral, and maxillofacial treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized bacterial cultures of two different pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus) were produced with defined colony-forming unit concentrations. Dilutions of these cultures were treated with a commercially available CAPP product according to the manufacturer's instructions in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the technique. This in vitro study compared the CAPP treatment with established clinical therapies like polihexanide (PHX) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). RESULTS The bactericidal effect was evaluated in terms of reduction in colony-forming units after treatment of the bacterial samples with a defined dose of plasma, aPDT, or PHX. For CAPP, the bactericidal effect was found to be stronger in the Gram-negative isolate (A. baumannii) than in the Gram-positive S. aureus. A strong depth dependency was observed, especially with the Gram-negative isolate. Good bactericidal effects, with a reduction in bacterial load of more than 2 × log10, could only be observed in conditions of 0.3 mm of water-film thickness or less. Such a significant reduction in bactericidal effect depending on depth was not observed using aPDT or PHX in the studied depth range of 0.3-1.8 mm. CONCLUSION CAPP treatment performed by the device (Plasma ONE) and configuration we used in this study seems to be ill suited for sufficiently killing Acinetobacter baumannii or Staphylococcus aureus in a moist infection site, as would be expected in the oral cavity. Established local antimicrobial therapies using PHX or aPDT showed better disinfectant properties. The clinical effect of improved wound healing, described by the manufacturer and some scientists, could not be investigated using this model. Given the results, however, it seems unlikely to be a direct consequence of bactericidal effects of CAPP in a wet environment. Further development of CAPP devices, or a different configuration (e.g. with a higher output, resulting in reactive nitrogen species-dominated, gas-phase chemistry), may enhance antibacterial effects in future, while tissue compatibility of such techniques remains to be elucidated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hafner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - M Ehrenfeld
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - A-C Neumann
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wieser
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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129
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Kondeti VSSK, Phan CQ, Wende K, Jablonowski H, Gangal U, Granick JL, Hunter RC, Bruggeman PJ. Long-lived and short-lived reactive species produced by a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet for the inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:275-287. [PMID: 29864482 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Different chemical pathways leading to the inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus by a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) in buffered and non-buffered solutions are reported. As APPJs produce a complex mixture of reactive species in solution, a comprehensive set of diagnostics were used to assess the liquid phase chemistry. This includes absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in addition to a scavenger study to assess the relative importance of the various plasma produced species involved in the inactivation of bacteria. Different modes of inactivation of bacteria were found for the same plasma source depending on the solution and the plasma feed gas. The inactivation of bacteria in saline is due to the production of short-lived species in the case of argon plasma when the plasma touches the liquid. Long-lived species (ClO-) formed by the abundant amount of O. radicals produced by the plasmas played a dominant role in the case of Ar + 1% O2 and Ar + 1% air plasmas when the plasma is not in direct contact with the liquid. Inactivation of bacteria in distilled water was found to be due to the generation of short-lived species: O. &O2.- for Ar + 1% O2 plasma and O2.- (and .OH in absence of saline) for Ar plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Santosh K Kondeti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111, Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Chi Q Phan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Microbiology Research Facility, 689, SE, 23rd Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Kristian Wende
- ZIK Plasmatis at Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V. (INP Greifswald e.V.), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Helena Jablonowski
- ZIK Plasmatis at Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V. (INP Greifswald e.V.), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Urvashi Gangal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111, Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Granick
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 339 Veterinary Medical Center, 1352 Boyd Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Ryan C Hunter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Microbiology Research Facility, 689, SE, 23rd Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Peter J Bruggeman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111, Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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130
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Cheng KY, Lin ZH, Cheng YP, Chiu HY, Yeh NL, Wu TK, Wu JS. Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Using Atmospheric-Pressure Argon Plasma Jet. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12214. [PMID: 30111887 PMCID: PMC6093903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used an argon-based round atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) for enhancing wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The APPJ was characterized by optical emission spectroscopy. We induced Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in rats with different amounts of STZ combined with normal and high-fat diets, respectively. The wound area ratio of all the plasma-treated normal and diabetic groups was greatly reduced (up to 30%) compared with that of the untreated groups during healing. Histological analysis revealed faster re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, less inflammation, and a complete skin structure in the plasma-treated groups was found as compared with the untreated control groups. In addition, the new blood vessels of plasma-treated tissues decreased more than untreated tissues in the middle (Day 14) and late (Day 21) stages of wound healing. The plasma-treated wounds demonstrated more transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression in the early stage (Day 7), whereas they decreased in the middle and late stages of wound healing. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) increased after plasma treatment. In addition, plasma-treated water had a higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide, nitrite and nitrate when the plasma treatment time was longer. In summary, the proposed argon APPJ based on the current study could be a potential tool for treating diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Yao Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hua Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pin Cheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Cathay General Hospital, 280 Renai Road Section 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yi Chiu
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, 25 Jingguo Road Section 1 Lane 442, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Lun Yeh
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, 25 Jingguo Road Section 1 Lane 442, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Kung Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Shinn Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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131
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Antimicrobial Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Gas Plasma-Activated Catheter Lock Solution. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00744-18. [PMID: 29844050 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00744-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial lock solutions are important for prevention of microbial colonization and infection of long-term central venous catheters. We investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel antibiotic-free lock solution formed from gas plasma-activated disinfectant (PAD). Using a luminal biofilm model, viable cells of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in mature biofilms were reduced by 6 to 8 orders of magnitude with a PAD lock for 60 min. Subsequent 24-h incubation of PAD-treated samples resulted in no detectable regrowth of viable bacteria or fungi. As a comparison, the use of a minocycline-EDTA-ethanol lock solution for 60 min led to regrowth of bacteria and fungi, up to 107 to 109 CFU/ml, in 24 h. The PAD lock solution had minimal impact on human umbilical vein endothelial cell viability, whereas the minocycline-EDTA-ethanol solution elicited cell death in nearly half of human endothelial cells. Additionally, PAD treatment caused little topological change to catheter materials. In conclusion, PAD represents a novel antibiotic-free, noncytotoxic lock solution that elicits rapid and broad-spectrum eradication of biofilm-laden microbes and shows promise for the prevention and treatment of intravascular catheter infections.
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132
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The Emerging Role of Gas Plasma in Oncotherapy. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:1183-1198. [PMID: 30033340 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric pressure gas plasmas are emerging as a promising treatment in cancer that can supplement the existing set of treatment modalities and, when combined with other therapies, enhance their selectivity and efficacy against resistant cancers. With further optimisation in production and administration of plasma treatment, plasma-enabled therapy has a strong potential to mature as a tool for selectively curing highly resistant solid tumours. Although intense preclinical studies have been conducted to exploit the unique traits of plasma as an oncotherapy, few clinical studies are underway. This review identifies types of cancers and patient groups that most likely benefit from plasma oncotherapy, to introduce clinical practitioners to plasma therapy and accelerate the speed of translating plasma for cancer control in clinics.
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133
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Reitberger HH, Czugala M, Chow C, Mohr A, Burkovski A, Gruenert AK, Schoenebeck R, Fuchsluger TA. Argon Cold Plasma-A Novel Tool to Treat Therapy-resistant Corneal Infections. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 190:150-163. [PMID: 29580975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test whether therapy-resistant corneal infections can be successfully treated with argon cold plasma to reduce or eliminate pathogen microorganisms without affecting corneal cell viability. DESIGN First-in-human case series and experimental study. METHODS Cold plasma effects on viability of primary human corneal limbal epithelial cells were studied using exposure times from 0.5 to 10 minutes (metabolic activity, oxidative stress, apoptosis). Disinfective potential of cold plasma was tested against common pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans) on culture medium and evaluated by counting colony-forming units and optical density measurements, as well as against S aureus in a human cornea infection model. Additionally, in a first-in-human trial 4 patients with therapy-resistant corneal ulcers were treated to evaluate the clinical potential of cold plasma. RESULTS Cells treated for 0.5-5 minutes completely recovered within 24 hours without changes in morphology; only 10-minute treatment impaired the cells permanently. No evident oxidative stress, apoptosis, or damage to the corneal structure could be found. All pathogens were susceptible to cold plasma treatments, with different levels of sensitivity. The condition of all 4 patients significantly improved after cold plasma treatment combined with antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that argon cold plasma treatment reduces or eliminates common pathogens without impairing corneal epithelial cells in vitro, ex vivo, and in direct application on patients' eyes. We conclude that argon cold plasma therapy offers a potential supplement or alternative therapy for therapy-resistant corneal infections. A larger, comparative study is necessary to further confirm these findings.
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134
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Guo L, Zhao Y, Liu D, Liu Z, Chen C, Xu R, Tian M, Wang X, Chen H, Kong MG. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma induces DNA-protein crosslinks through protein oxidation. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:783-798. [PMID: 29722278 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1471476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) generated by cold atmospheric-pressure plasma could damage genomic DNA, although the precise types of these DNA damage induced by plasma are poorly characterized. Understanding plasma-induced DNA damage will help to elucidate the biological effect of plasma and guide the application of plasma in ROS-based therapy. In this study, it was shown that ROS and RNS generated by physical plasma could efficiently induce DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) in bacteria, yeast, and human cells. An in vitro assay showed that plasma treatment resulted in the formation of covalent DPCs by activating proteins to crosslink with DNA. Mass spectrometry and hydroperoxide analysis detected oxidation products induced by plasma. DPC formation were alleviated by singlet oxygen scavenger, demonstrating the importance of singlet oxygen in this process. These results suggested the roles of DPC formation in DNA damage induced by plasma, which could improve the understanding of the biological effect of plasma and help to develop a new strategy in plasma-based therapy including infection and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- a Center for Plasma Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- b School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- a Center for Plasma Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- a Center for Plasma Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- a Center for Plasma Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Ruobing Xu
- b School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Miao Tian
- b School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- a Center for Plasma Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Hailan Chen
- c Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , VA , USA
| | - Michael G Kong
- a Center for Plasma Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , PR China.,c Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , VA , USA.,d Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , VA , USA
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135
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Chatraie M, Torkaman G, Khani M, Salehi H, Shokri B. In vivo study of non-invasive effects of non-thermal plasma in pressure ulcer treatment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5621. [PMID: 29618775 PMCID: PMC5884810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
According to high incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers worldwide, the purpose of this study is using of non-thermal atmospheric plasma as a novel therapy for pressure ulcers. Cold plasma was produced by applying a high-voltage (5 kV) and high-frequency (25 kHz), to helium gas. Under general anesthesia and sterile conditions, two circular magnets were used to create pressure ulcers on the dorsal skin of adult rats. The wounds were divided randomly into control and plasma-treated groups. Animals in the plasma-treated group received plasma radiation for 5 days, each day 3 times and every time 60 s. Mechanical assays were performed to determine plasma effects on the mechanical strength of the repaired tissue. The results showed that mechanical strength of repaired wound in the plasma-treated group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, evidence from histological studies indicates a significantly accelerated wound re-epithelialization in comparison with the control group; angiogenesis and fibrosis (collagen synthesis) were also significantly increased and the inflammation phase of wound healing was shorter in the plasma-treated group. The plasma treatment also resulted in significant wound contraction and acceleration of wound healing. The findings of present study indicate the effects of cold plasma on pressure ulcer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Chatraie
- Laser applications in medical sciences research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Laser - Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P.O. Box, 19839-6941, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Torkaman
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khani
- Laser - Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P.O. Box, 19839-6941, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Babak Shokri
- Laser - Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P.O. Box, 19839-6941, Tehran, Iran.
- Physics Department of Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P.O. Box, 19839-6941, Tehran, Iran.
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136
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Cold Atmospheric Plasma Induces ATP-Dependent Endocytosis of Nanoparticles and Synergistic U373MG Cancer Cell Death. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5298. [PMID: 29593309 PMCID: PMC5871835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have potential as both diagnostic and therapeutic vehicles. However, selective targeting and uptake in cancer cells remains challenging. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can be combined with AuNP to achieve synergistic anti-cancer cytotoxicity. To explore synergistic mechanisms, we demonstrate both rate of AuNP uptake and total amount accumulated in U373MG Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells are significantly increased when exposed to 75 kV CAP generated by dielectric barrier discharge. No significant changes in the physical parameters of AuNP were caused by CAP but active transport mechanisms were stimulated in cells. Unlike many other biological effects of CAP, long-lived reactive species were not involved, and plasma-activated liquids did not replicate the effect. Chemical effects induced by direct and indirect exposure to CAP appears the dominant mediator of enhanced uptake. Transient physical alterations of membrane integrity played a minor role. 3D-reconstruction of deconvoluted confocal images confirmed AuNP accumulation in lysosomes and other acidic vesicles, which will be useful for future drug delivery and diagnostic strategies. Toxicity of AuNP significantly increased by 25-fold when combined with CAP. Our data indicate that direct exposure to CAP activates AuNP-dependent cytotoxicity by increasing AuNP endocytosis and trafficking to lysosomes in U373MG cells.
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137
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Guo L, Xu R, Zhao Y, Liu D, Liu Z, Wang X, Chen H, Kong MG. Gas Plasma Pre-treatment Increases Antibiotic Sensitivity and Persister Eradication in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:537. [PMID: 29628915 PMCID: PMC5876240 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of serious nosocomial infections, and recurrent MRSA infections primarily result from the survival of persister cells after antibiotic treatment. Gas plasma, a novel source of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and RNS (reactive nitrogen species) generation, not only inactivates pathogenic microbes but also restore the sensitivity of MRSA to antibiotics. This study further found that sublethal treatment of MRSA with both plasma and plasma-activated saline increased the antibiotic sensitivity and promoted the eradication of persister cells by tetracycline, gentamycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, and vancomycin. The short-lived ROS and RNS generated by plasma played a primary role in the process and induced the increase of many species of ROS and RNS in MRSA cells. Thus, our data indicated that the plasma treatment could promote the effects of many different classes of antibiotics and act as an antibiotic sensitizer for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria involved in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruobing Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hailan Chen
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Michael G Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
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138
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Daeschlein G, Hillmann A, Gumbel D, Sicher C, von Podewils S, Stope MB, Junger M. Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy by Drug Chemotherapy and Cold Atmospheric Plasma Against Melanoma and Glioblastoma Cell Lines In Vitro. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2018.2789659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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139
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Comparing two different plasma devices kINPen and Adtec SteriPlas regarding their molecular and cellular effects on wound healing. CLINICAL PLASMA MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpme.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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140
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Gan L, Zhang S, Poorun D, Liu D, Lu X, He M, Duan X, Chen H. Medical applications of nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma in dermatology. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017; 16:7-13. [PMID: 29211323 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plasma is an ionized gas that consists of positively and negatively charged particles, neutral atoms, and photons. Recent developments in plasma sources have made it possible to generate room-temperature plasma in the "open air", thus enabling the application of plasma in vivo. Using nonthermal plasma, active agents can be efficiently delivered to target cells without creating thermal damage. Also known as cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP), nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma offers innovative medical applications. In this context, it has also gained wide attention in the field of dermatology. The complex and variable mixture of active agents in plasma - predominantly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) - can control or trigger complex biochemical reactions, achieving the desired effects in a dose-dependent manner. The objective of the present review is to present potential applications of plasma in dermatology and analyze its potential mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Devesh Poorun
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinpei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengwen He
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoru Duan
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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141
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Human health risk evaluation of a microwave-driven atmospheric plasma jet as medical device. CLINICAL PLASMA MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpme.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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142
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Redox regulation of leukocyte-derived microparticle release and protein content in response to cold physical plasma-derived oxidants. CLINICAL PLASMA MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpme.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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143
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Enhancement of cancerous cells treatment by applying cold atmospheric plasma and photo dynamic therapy simultaneously. CLINICAL PLASMA MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpme.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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144
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Limsopatham K, Boonyawan D, Umongno C, Sukontason KL, Chaiwong T, Leksomboon R, Sukontason K. Effect of cold argon plasma on eggs of the blow fly, Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Acta Trop 2017; 176:173-178. [PMID: 28802553 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma has been used in many medical applications, including treatment of living cells, blood coagulation, wound healing, and sterilization. The process uses an environmentally friendly gas (e.g., argon, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, or hydrogen) to destroy bacteria cells with no serious adverse effect on humans or animals. However, information on the effect of argon plasma on blow fly eggs is lacking. In this study, we explored the ability of cold argon plasma to destroy the eggs of the Australian sheep blow fly, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830); its larvae are a myiasis-producing agent in both human and animals. We tested the effect of cold argon plasma exposure for 1, 2, 3 and 5min on L. cuprina eggs. Since the temperature of cold Ar plasma is around 30°C, to clarify the effect of temperature on the fly eggs, hot air from an electric dryer was tested for comparison. Cold argon plasma exposure in eggs significantly reduced the survival rates of second instar larvae at all exposures tested; the effects were time dependent, with a stronger effect at longer exposure (32% survival rate after a 1-min treatment; 20%, 2min; 20%, 3min; and 6%, 5min), compared to the control (86%). No significant differences were observed in larval survival rates from eggs treated with hot air (80-84%, after 1- to 5-min treatments) versus the control (86%). These results were supported by observing the treated eggshells under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), we found noticeable aberrations only in the plasma treated groups. The emission spectrum of the argon gas discharge revealed emission lines of hydroxyl radicals at 309.1nm; these may cause the deterioration of the treated L. cuprina eggs. Our results have shown the possibility of using cold argon plasma in medical applications, in particular treating myiasis wounds.
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145
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Arndt S, Unger P, Berneburg M, Bosserhoff AK, Karrer S. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) activates angiogenesis-related molecules in skin keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells and improves wound angiogenesis in an autocrine and paracrine mode. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 89:181-190. [PMID: 29191392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) emerged as a novel therapeutic field with applications developed for bacterial sterilization, wound healing and cancer treatment. For clinical implementation it is important to know how CAP works and which molecular changes occur after the CAP treatment. Vascularization is an important step during wound healing, however, the effects of CAP on wound angiogenesis are not well examined so far. Furthermore, it has not been investigated, whether CAP primarily affects endothelial cells directly or via paracrine mechanisms to modulate the vasculature. OBJECTIVE This study concentrates on the influence of CAP on angiogenesis-related molecules in human epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells. METHODS CAP was generated by the MicroPlaSter ß® plasma torch system and CAP effects on angiogenesis were determined in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We observed that CAP significantly induces the expression of Artemin, EGF, EG-VEGF (PK1), Endothelin-1 (ET-1), FGF-2 (FGF basic), IL-8 (CXCL8) and uPA in keratinocytes and Angiogenin (ANG), Endostatin (Col18A1), MCP-1 (CCL2), MMP-9, TIMP-1, uPA and VEGF in fibroblasts. In addition, CAP activates the expression of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Angiostatin (PLG), Amphiregulin (AR), Endostatin, FGF-2 and angiogenic-involved receptor expression of FGF R1 and VEGF R1 in HUVEC endothelial cells. It was also demonstrated that supernatants collected from CAP activated fibroblasts and keratinocytes elevate tube formation by endothelial cells and FGF-2 appears to be an important pro-angiogenic factor that controls vascularization via paracrine mechanisms. Mouse experiments supplement that CAP promotes angiogenesis during wound healing in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that CAP modulates angiogenesis-involved factors via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms and may be used to affect angiogenesis during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Arndt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Petra Unger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mark Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Sigrid Karrer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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146
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Bekeschus S, Schmidt A, Niessner F, Gerling T, Weltmann KD, Wende K. Basic Research in Plasma Medicine - A Throughput Approach from Liquids to Cells. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29286412 PMCID: PMC5755427 DOI: 10.3791/56331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In plasma medicine, ionized gases with temperatures close to that of vertebrate systems are applied to cells and tissues. Cold plasmas generate reactive species known to redox regulate biological processes in health and disease. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence points to beneficial effects of plasma treatment in the healing of chronic ulcer of the skin. Other emerging topics, such as plasma cancer treatment, are receiving increasing attention. Plasma medical research requires interdisciplinary expertise in physics, chemistry, and biomedicine. One goal of plasma research is to characterize plasma-treated cells in a variety of specific applications. This includes, for example, cell count and viability, cellular oxidation, mitochondrial activity, cytotoxicity and mode of cell death, cell cycle analysis, cell surface marker expression, and cytokine release. This study describes the essential equipment and workflows required for such research in plasma biomedicine. It describes the proper operation of an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet, specifically monitoring its basic emission spectra and feed gas settings to modulate reactive species output. Using a high-precision xyz-table and computer software, the jet is hovered in millisecond-precision over the cavities of 96-well plates in micrometer-precision for maximal reproducibility. Downstream assays for liquid analysis of redox-active molecules are shown, and target cells are plasma-treated. Specifically, melanoma cells are analyzed in an efficient sequence of different consecutive assays but using the same cells: measurement of metabolic activity, total cell area, and surface marker expression of calreticulin, a molecule important for the immunogenic cell death of cancer cells. These assays retrieve content-rich biological information about plasma effects from a single plate. Altogether, this study describes the essential steps and protocols for plasma medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology;
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology
| | - Felix Niessner
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology
| | - Torsten Gerling
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology
| | | | - Kristian Wende
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology
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147
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Hartwig S, Preissner S, Voss JO, Hertel M, Doll C, Waluga R, Raguse JD. The feasibility of cold atmospheric plasma in the treatment of complicated wounds in cranio-maxillo-facial surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017; 45:1724-1730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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148
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Liu JR, Xu GM, Shi XM, Zhang GJ. Low temperature plasma promoting fibroblast proliferation by activating the NF-κB pathway and increasing cyclinD1 expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11698. [PMID: 28916796 PMCID: PMC5601921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential applications of low temperature plasma (LTP) in wound healing have aroused the concern of many researchers. In this study, an argon atmospheric pressure plasma jet was applied to generate LTP for treatment of murine fibroblast cell (L929) cultured in vitro to investigate the effect of NF-κB pathway on fibroblast proliferation. The results showed that, compared with the control, L929 cells treated with plasma for less than 20 s had significant increases of proliferation; the productions of intracellular ROS, O2− and NO increased with prolongation of LTP treatment time; NF-κB pathway was activated by LTP in a proper dose range, and the expression of cyclinD1 in LTP-treated cells increased with the same trend as cell proliferation. After RNA interference to block p65 expression, with the same treatment time, RNAi-treated cells proliferated more slowly and expressed less cyclinD1 than normal cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) markedly prevented the plasma-induced changes in cells. In conclusion, the proliferation of L929 cells induced by LTP was closely related to NF-κB signaling pathway, which might be activated by appropriate level of intracellular ROS. These novel findings can provide some theoretical reference of LTP inducing cell proliferation and promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ren Liu
- Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Gui-Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xing-Min Shi
- Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Guan-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
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149
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Choi JH, Song YS, Song K, Lee HJ, Hong JW, Kim GC. Skin renewal activity of non-thermal plasma through the activation of β-catenin in keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6146. [PMID: 28733577 PMCID: PMC5522407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For recent years, devices that generate non-thermal plasma (NTP) have been introduced into the field of dermatology. Since NTP has demonstrated strong anti-pathogenic activity with safety of use, NTP was first applied to sterilize the skin surface to aid in the healing of various kinds of skin diseases. However, the effect of NTP on skin regeneration has not yet been fully explored. In this study, the effect of NTP on the growth of keratinocytes was tested using the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line and HRM2 hairless mice. Treatment with NTP allowed confluent keratinocytes to escape from G1 cell cycle arrest and increased the proportion of cells in S and G2 phases. In particular, NTP treatment immediately dispersed E-cadherin-mediated cell-to-cell interactions, resulting in the translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus and leading to the enhanced transcription of target genes including c-MYC and cyclin D1. Moreover, repeated treatment of the mice with NTP also stimulated epidermal expansion by activating β-catenin in the epidermal cells. The symptoms of cellular DNA damage were not detected after NTP treatment. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NTP may be employed as a new type of skin regenerating device.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Y S Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - K Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - J W Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
- (Bio)medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
| | - G C Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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150
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Tanaka H, Ishikawa K, Mizuno M, Toyokuni S, Kajiyama H, Kikkawa F, Metelmann HR, Hori M. State of the art in medical applications using non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41614-017-0004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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