101
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Muir AP, Thomas R, Biek R, Mable BK. Using genetic variation to infer associations with climate in the common frog, Rana temporaria. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:3737-51. [PMID: 23692266 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent and historical species' associations with climate can be inferred using molecular markers. This knowledge of population and species-level responses to climatic variables can then be used to predict the potential consequences of ongoing climate change. The aim of this study was to predict responses of Rana temporaria to environmental change in Scotland by inferring historical and contemporary patterns of gene flow in relation to current variation in local thermal conditions. We first inferred colonization patterns within Europe following the last glacial maximum by combining new and previously published mitochondrial DNA sequences. We found that sequences from our Scottish samples were identical to (92%), or clustered with, the common haplotype previously identified from Western Europe. This clade showed very low mitochondrial variation, which did not allow inference of historical colonization routes but did allow interpretation of patterns of current fine-scale population structure without consideration of confounding historical variation. Second, we assessed fine-scale microsatellite-based patterns of genetic variation in relation to current altitudinal temperature gradients. No population structure was found within altitudinal gradients (average FST=0.02), despite a mean annual temperature difference of 4.5 °C between low- and high-altitude sites. Levels of genetic diversity were considerable and did not vary between sites. The panmictic population structure observed, even along temperature gradients, is a potentially positive sign for R. temporaria persistence in Scotland in the face of a changing climate. This study demonstrates that within taxonomic groups, thought to be at high risk from environmental change, levels of vulnerability can vary, even within species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Muir
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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102
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Wang IJ. EXAMINING THE FULL EFFECTS OF LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY ON SPATIAL GENETIC VARIATION: A MULTIPLE MATRIX REGRESSION APPROACH FOR QUANTIFYING GEOGRAPHIC AND ECOLOGICAL ISOLATION. Evolution 2013; 67:3403-11. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian J. Wang
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
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103
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Is the São Francisco River a geographic barrier to gene flow in trees ofHandroanthus ochraceus? JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467413000217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:Many landscape features represent geographic barriers to gene flow, and promote genetic discontinuity. Rivers are effective barriers. However, most studies on this subject have focused on animals and only a few have focused on plants. We studied the genetic structure and gene flow of the tropical treeHandroanthus ochraceus(Bignoniaceae) on both banks of the São Francisco River in a Brazilian seasonally dry tropical forest. The São Francisco is located in eastern Brazil and is 600 m wide at the study site. Our hypothesis was that the river is a geographic barrier to gene flow ofH. ochraceustrees. We sampled two populations on the left bank and one population on the right bank. We used seven microsatellites to genotype 212 individual plants. All populations had low polymorphism and genetic diversity, but high inbreeding. There was no genetic differentiation among populations and, consequently, the estimated gene flow was high for all pairs of populations. The genetic relatedness among individuals from populations of the same margin did not differ from the relatedness among individuals from populations of opposite margins. Hence, the São Francisco River is not an effective geographic barrier to gene flow amongH. ochraceuspopulations.
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104
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Richmond JQ, Barr KR, Backlin AR, Vandergast AG, Fisher RN. Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California Red-Legged Frog ( Rana draytonii). Evol Appl 2013; 6:808-822. [PMID: 29387167 PMCID: PMC5779129 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations forming the edge of a species range are often imperiled by isolation and low genetic diversity, with proximity to human population centers being a major determinant of edge stability in modern landscapes. Since the 1960s, the California red‐legged frog (Rana draytonii) has undergone extensive declines in heavily urbanized southern California, where the range edge has rapidly contracted northward while shifting its cardinal orientation to an east‐west trending axis. We studied the genetic structure and diversity of these frontline populations, tested for signatures of contemporary disturbance, specifically fire, and attempted to disentangle these signals from demographic events extending deeper into the past. Consistent with the genetic expectations of the ‘abundant‐center’ model, we found that diversity, admixture, and opportunity for random mating increases in populations sampled successively further away from the range boundary. Demographic simulations indicate that bottlenecks in peripheral isolates are associated with processes extending tens to a few hundred generations in the past, despite the demographic collapse of some due to recent fire‐flood events. While the effects of recent disturbance have left little genetic imprint on these populations, they likely contribute to an extinction debt that will lead to continued range contraction unless management intervenes to stall or reverse the process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly R Barr
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center San Diego CA USA
| | - Adam R Backlin
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center San Diego CA USA
| | - Amy G Vandergast
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center San Diego CA USA
| | - Robert N Fisher
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center San Diego CA USA
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105
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Zhang M, Wang W, Xu Y, Jia X, Zheng X, Ma J. Effects of anthropogenic intermixing on the genetic structure of Dybowski's frog populations in northeast China. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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106
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Blair C, Jiménez Arcos VH, Mendez de la Cruz FR, Murphy RW. Landscape genetics of leaf-toed geckos in the tropical dry forest of northern Mexico. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57433. [PMID: 23451230 PMCID: PMC3581464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation due to both natural and anthropogenic forces continues to threaten the evolution and maintenance of biological diversity. This is of particular concern in tropical regions that are experiencing elevated rates of habitat loss. Although less well-studied than tropical rain forests, tropical dry forests (TDF) contain an enormous diversity of species and continue to be threatened by anthropogenic activities including grazing and agriculture. However, little is known about the processes that shape genetic connectivity in species inhabiting TDF ecosystems. We adopt a landscape genetic approach to understanding functional connectivity for leaf-toed geckos (Phyllodactylus tuberculosus) at multiple sites near the northernmost limit of this ecosystem at Alamos, Sonora, Mexico. Traditional analyses of population genetics are combined with multivariate GIS-based landscape analyses to test hypotheses on the potential drivers of spatial genetic variation. Moderate levels of within-population diversity and substantial levels of population differentiation are revealed by FST and Dest. Analyses using structure suggest the occurrence of from 2 to 9 genetic clusters depending on the model used. Landscape genetic analysis suggests that forest cover, stream connectivity, undisturbed habitat, slope, and minimum temperature of the coldest period explain more genetic variation than do simple Euclidean distances. Additional landscape genetic studies throughout TDF habitat are required to understand species-specific responses to landscape and climate change and to identify common drivers. We urge researchers interested in using multivariate distance methods to test for, and report, significant correlations among predictor matrices that can impact results, particularly when adopting least-cost path approaches. Further investigation into the use of information theoretic approaches for model selection is also warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Blair
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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107
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Lawson LP. Diversification in a biodiversity hot spot: landscape correlates of phylogeographic patterns in the African spotted reed frog. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:1947-60. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda P. Lawson
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
- Zoology Department; Field Museum of Natural History; Chicago IL 60605 USA
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108
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The genetic structure of populations of Metrioptera bicolor in a spatially structured landscape: effects of dispersal barriers and geographic distance. CONSERV GENET 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-013-0449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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109
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Aguilar A, Douglas RB, Gordon E, Baumsteiger J, Goldsworthy MO. Elevated Genetic Structure in the Coastal Tailed Frog (Ascaphus truei) in Managed Redwood Forests. J Hered 2013; 104:202-16. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/ess138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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110
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Richter-Boix A, Quintela M, Kierczak M, Franch M, Laurila A. Fine-grained adaptive divergence in an amphibian: genetic basis of phenotypic divergence and the role of nonrandom gene flow in restricting effective migration among wetlands. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:1322-40. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Richter-Boix
- Population Biology and Conservation Biology/Department of Ecology and Genetics; Evolutionary Biology Centre; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen18D 752 36 Uppsala Sweden
| | - María Quintela
- Population Biology and Conservation Biology/Department of Ecology and Genetics; Evolutionary Biology Centre; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen18D 752 36 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Science; University of A Coruña; Campus da Zapateira 15071 A Coruña Spain
| | - Marcin Kierczak
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Computational Genetics Section; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 756 51 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marc Franch
- Department of Animal Biology; University of Barcelona; Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Anssi Laurila
- Population Biology and Conservation Biology/Department of Ecology and Genetics; Evolutionary Biology Centre; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen18D 752 36 Uppsala Sweden
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111
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Contrasting Genetic Differentiation of a Poorly Dispersing Lizard in Connected and Fragmented Scrub Habitats. J HERPETOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1670/10-291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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112
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Terrestrial Movement Patterns of the Common Toad (Bufo bufo) in Central Spain Reveal Habitat of Conservation Importance. J HERPETOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1670/11-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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113
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Talbot B, Garant D, Rioux Paquette S, Mainguy J, Pelletier F. Lack of genetic structure and female-specific effect of dispersal barriers in a rabies vector, the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis). PLoS One 2012; 7:e49736. [PMID: 23166760 PMCID: PMC3498222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the permeability of potential barriers to movement, dispersal and gene exchanges can help describe spreading patterns of wildlife diseases. Here, we used landscape genetics methods to assess the genetic structure of the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), which is a frequent vector of rabies, a lethal zoonosis of great concern for public health. Our main objective was to identify landscape elements shaping the genetic structure of this species in Southern Québec, Canada, in an area where the raccoon rabies variant has been detected. We hypothesised that geographic distance and landscape barriers, such as highways and major rivers, would modulate genetic structure. We genotyped a total of 289 individuals sampled across a large area (22,000 km2) at nice microsatellite loci. Genetic structure analyses identified a single genetic cluster in the study area. Major rivers and highways, however, influenced the genetic relatedness among sampled individuals. Sex-specific analyses revealed that rivers significantly limited dispersal only for females while highways only had marginal effects. Rivers and highways did not significantly affect male dispersal. These results support the contention that female skunks are more philopatric than males. Overall, our results suggest that the effects of major rivers and highways on dispersal are sex-specific and rather weak and are thus unlikely to prevent the spread of rabies within and among striped skunk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Talbot
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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114
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Wang Y, Lane A, Ding P. Sex-biased dispersal of a frog (Odorrana schmackeri) is affected by patch isolation and resource limitation in a fragmented landscape. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47683. [PMID: 23094076 PMCID: PMC3475718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-biased dispersal is widespread in the animal kingdom and is affected by numerous factors including mating system, social factors and environmental conditions. Unlike birds and mammals, there is no common trend in amphibians and explaining the direction and degree of sex-biased dispersal in species-specific cases is difficult. We conducted a study on dispersal of the Chinese piebald odorous frog (Odorrana schmackeri) in a fragmented landscape associated with dam construction. Ten microsatellite loci were used to analyze 382 samples sourced from 14 fragmented ‘islands’. Assignment tests indicated a significant pattern of female-biased dispersal on one island with inconsistencies in the strength and direction of this pattern between nearby islands. The effects of four island attributes and two potential impact factors on the pattern of sex-biased dispersal were examined. We found that the extent of isolation from the mainland and the number of breeding sites both showed a negative correlation with female biased dispersal, such that the closer an island is to the mainland the more likely it is to display female biased dispersal, and the more breeding sites on an island the more male immigrants. Based on these results, we conclude that geographic isolation and limited breeding resources are the most likely explanation for the patterns of dispersal observed in this fragmented population of amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Amanda Lane
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ping Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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115
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Population structure and landscape genetics of two endangered frog species of genus Odorrana: different scenarios on two islands. Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 110:46-56. [PMID: 22990312 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation by distance and landscape connectivity are fundamental factors underlying speciation and evolution. To understand how landscapes affect gene flow and shape population structures, island species provide intrinsic study objects. We investigated the effects of landscapes on the population structure of the endangered frog species, Odorrana ishikawae and O. splendida, which each inhabit an island in southwest Japan. This was done by examining population structure, gene flow and demographic history of each species by analyzing 12 microsatellite loci and exploring causal environmental factors through ecological niche modeling (ENM) and the cost-distance approach. Our results revealed that the limited gene flow and multiple-population structure in O. splendida and the single-population structure in O. ishikawae were maintained after divergence of the species through ancient vicariance between islands. We found that genetic distance correlated with geographic distance between populations of both species. Our landscape genetic analysis revealed that the connectivity of suitable habitats influences gene flow and leads to the formation of specific population structures. In particular, different degrees of topographical complexity between islands are the major determining factor for shaping contrasting population structures of two species. In conclusion, our results illustrate the diversification mechanism of organisms through the interaction with space and environment. Our results also present an ENM approach for identifying the key factors affecting demographic history and population structures of target species, especially endangered species.
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116
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Gallardo CE, Correa C, Morales P, Sáez PA, Pastenes L, Méndez MA. Validation of a cheap and simple nondestructive method for obtaining
AFLP
s and
DNA
sequences (mitochondrial and nuclear) in amphibians. Mol Ecol Resour 2012; 12:1090-6. [PMID: 22978706 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. E. Gallardo
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa PO Box 653 Santiago Chile
| | - C. Correa
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa PO Box 653 Santiago Chile
- Departamento de Ecología Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Alameda 340 PO Box 114‐D Santiago Chile
| | - P. Morales
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa PO Box 653 Santiago Chile
| | - P. A. Sáez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa PO Box 653 Santiago Chile
| | - L. Pastenes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa PO Box 653 Santiago Chile
| | - M. A. Méndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa PO Box 653 Santiago Chile
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117
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Richardson JL. Divergent landscape effects on population connectivity in two co-occurring amphibian species. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:4437-51. [PMID: 22891686 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05708.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The physical and environmental attributes of landscapes often shape patterns of population connectivity by influencing dispersal and gene flow. Landscape effects on movement are typically evaluated for single species. However, inferences from multiple species are required for multi-species management strategies increasingly being applied in conservation. In this study, I compared the spatial genetic patterns of two amphibian species across the northeastern United States and estimated the influence of specific landscape features on the observed genetic structure. The spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) and wood frog (Rana sylvatica) share many ecological attributes related to habitat use, phenology and site fidelity. However, I hypothesized that important differences in their movement patterns and life history would create distinct genetic patterns for each species. Using 14 microsatellite loci, I tested for differences in the level of genetic differentiation between the two species across 22 breeding ponds. The effects of eight landscape features were also estimated by evaluating 32 landscape resistance models. Spotted salamanders exhibited significantly higher genetic differentiation than wood frogs. Different landscape features were also identified as potential drivers of the genetic patterns in each species, with little overlap in model support between species. Collectively, these results provide strong evidence that these two amphibian species interact with the landscape in measurably different ways. The distinct genetic patterns observed are consistent with key differences in movement ability and life history between A. maculatum and R. sylvatica. These results highlight the importance of considering more than one species when assessing the impacts of the landscape matrix on population connectivity, even for ecologically similar species within the same habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Richardson
- School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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118
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Rogers SD, Peacock MM. The disappearing northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens): conservation genetics and implications for remnant populations in western Nevada. Ecol Evol 2012; 2:2040-56. [PMID: 22957204 PMCID: PMC3434006 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Global amphibian declines suggest a major shift in the amount and quality of habitat for these sensitive taxa. Many species that were once widespread are now experiencing declines either in part of or across their historic range. The northern leopard frog (Rana [Lithobates] pipiens] has undergone significant declines particularly in the western United States and Canada. Leopard frog population losses in Nevada are largely due to habitat fragmentation and the introduction of nonnative fish, amphibian, and plant species. Only two populations remain in the Truckee and Carson River watersheds of western Nevada which represents the western boundary of this species range. We used sequence data for an 812 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene to support a native origin for western Nevada populations. All frogs had a single haplotype (W07) from the distinct western North America ND1 haplotype clade. Data from seven polymorphic microsatellite loci show that Truckee and Carson River populations are highly differentiated from each other and from leopard frogs collected from eastern Nevada sites. Lack of gene flow among and distinct color morphs among the western Nevada populations likely predates the current geographical isolation. Comparisons with other peripheral L. pipiens populations show western Nevada populations have similar levels of gene diversity despite their contemporary isolation (HE 0.411, 0.482). Restoration of leopard frog populations in these watersheds will be challenging given well-entrenched nonnative bullfrog populations and major changes to the riparian zone over the past century. Declines of once common amphibian species has become a major conservation concern. Contemporary isolation of populations on a species range periphery such as the leopard frog populations in the Truckee and Carson rivers further exacerbate extirpation risk as these populations are likely to have fewer genetic resources to adaptively respond to rapidly changing biotic and abiotic environments.
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119
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Oromi N, Richter-Boix A, Sanuy D, Fibla J. Genetic variability in geographic populations of the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita). Ecol Evol 2012; 2:2018-26. [PMID: 22957202 PMCID: PMC3434004 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Across altitudinal and latitudinal gradients, the proportion of suitable habitats varies, influencing the individual dispersal that ultimately can produce differentiation among populations. The natterjack toad (Bufo calamita) is distributed across a wide geographic range that qualifies the species as interesting for a geographic analysis of its genetic variability. Five populations of B. calamita in the Sierra de Gredos (Spain) were studied in an altitudinal gradient ranging from 750 to 2270 m using microsatellite markers. In addition, we analyzed the latitudinal genetic variation in B. calamita within a global European distribution using genetic diversity parameters (mean number of alleles per locus [Ma] and expected heterozygosity [HE]) obtained from our results and those published in the literature. The low level of genetic differentiation found between populations of B. calamita (Fst ranging from 0.0115 to 0.1018) and the decreases in genetic diversity with altitude (Ma from 13.6 to 8.3, HE from 0.82 to 0.74) can be interpreted by the combined effects of discontinuous habitat, produced mainly by the high slopes barriers and geographic distance. In the latitudinal gradient, genetic diversity decreases from south to north as a consequence of the colonization of the species from the Pleistocene refugium. We conclude that the genetic variability in B. calamita along its wide altitudinal and latitudinal geographic distribution mainly reflects the colonization history of the species after the last glacial period.
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120
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121
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Population structure of an endangered frog (Babina subaspera) endemic to the Amami Islands: possible impacts of invasive predators on gene flow. CONSERV GENET 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-012-0320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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122
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McCartney-Melstad E, Waller T, Micucci PA, Barros M, Draque J, Amato G, Mendez M. Population structure and gene flow of the yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in northern Argentina. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37473. [PMID: 22675425 PMCID: PMC3360049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow anacondas (Eunectes notaeus) are large, semiaquatic boid snakes found in wetland systems in South America. These snakes are commercially harvested under a sustainable management plan in Argentina, so information regarding population structuring can be helpful for determination of management units. We evaluated genetic structure and migration using partial sequences from the mitochondrial control region and mitochondrial genes cyt-b and ND4 for 183 samples collected within northern Argentina. A group of landscape features and environmental variables including several treatments of temperature and precipitation were explored as potential drivers of observed genetic patterns. We found significant population structure between most putative population comparisons and bidirectional but asymmetric migration in several cases. The configuration of rivers and wetlands was found to be significantly associated with yellow anaconda population structure (IBD), and important for gene flow, although genetic distances were not significantly correlated with the environmental variables used here. More in-depth analyses of environmental data may be needed to fully understand the importance of environmental conditions on population structure and migration. These analyses indicate that our putative populations are demographically distinct and should be treated as such in Argentina's management plan for the harvesting of yellow anacondas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan McCartney-Melstad
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tomás Waller
- Fundación Biodiversidad – Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Mariano Barros
- Fundación Biodiversidad – Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Draque
- Fundación Biodiversidad – Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - George Amato
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Martin Mendez
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America
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123
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McCaffery R, Solonen A, Crone E. Frog population viability under present and future climate conditions: a Bayesian state-space approach. J Anim Ecol 2012; 81:978-85. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2012.01992.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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124
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FOUQUET ANTOINE, LEDOUX JEANBAPTISTE, DUBUT VINCENT, NOONAN BRICEP, SCOTTI IVAN. The interplay of dispersal limitation, rivers, and historical events shapes the genetic structure of an Amazonian frog. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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125
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Spear SF, Crisafulli CM, Storfer A. Genetic structure among coastal tailed frog populations at Mount St. Helens is moderated by post-disturbance management. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 22:856-869. [PMID: 22645816 DOI: 10.1890/11-0627.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Catastrophic disturbances often provide "natural laboratories" that allow for greater understanding of ecological processes and response of natural populations. The 1980 eruption of the Mount St. Helens volcano in Washington, USA, provided a unique opportunity to test biotic effects of a large-scale stochastic disturbance, as well as the influence of post-disturbance management. Despite severe alteration of nearly 600 km2 of habitat, coastal tailed frogs (Ascaphus truei) were found within a portion of the blast area five years after eruption. We investigated the genetic source of recolonization within the blast area and tested whether post-eruption salvage logging and subsequent tree planting influenced tailed frog movement patterns. Our results support widespread recolonization across the blast area from multiple sources, as all sites are grouped into one genetic cluster. Landscape genetic models suggest that gene flow through the unmanaged portion of the blast area is influenced only by distance between sites and the frost-free period (r2 = 0.74). In contrast, gene flow pathways within the blast area where salvage logging and replanting occurred post-eruption are strongly limited (r2 = 0.83) by the physiologically important variables of heat load and precipitation. These data suggest that the lack of understory and coarse wood (downed and standing dead tree boles) refugia in salvaged areas may leave frogs more susceptible to desiccation and mortality than those frogs moving through the naturally regenerated area. Simulated populations based on the landscape genetic models show an increase in the inbreeding coefficient in the managed area relative to the unmanaged blast area. In sum, we show surprising resilience of an amphibian species to a catastrophic disturbance, and we suggest that, at least for this species, naturally regenerating habitat may better maintain long-term genetic diversity of populations than actively managed habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Spear
- The Orianne Society, 579 Highway 441 S, Clayton, Georgia 30525, USA.
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126
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Chiari Y, van der Meijden A, Mucedda M, Lourenço JM, Hochkirch A, Veith M. Phylogeography of Sardinian cave salamanders (genus Hydromantes) is mainly determined by geomorphology. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32332. [PMID: 22427830 PMCID: PMC3299655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting the factors that determine the interruption of gene flow between populations is key to understanding how speciation occurs. In this context, caves are an excellent system for studying processes of colonization, differentiation and speciation, since they represent discrete geographical units often with known geological histories. Here, we asked whether discontinuous calcareous areas and cave systems represent major barriers to gene flow within and among the five species of Sardinian cave salamanders (genus Hydromantes) and whether intraspecific genetic structure parallels geographic distance within and among caves. We generated mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences from 184 individuals representing 48 populations, and used a Bayesian phylogeographic approach to infer possible areas of cladogenesis for these species and reconstruct historical and current dispersal routes among distinct populations. Our results show deep genetic divergence within and among all Sardinian cave salamander species, which can mostly be attributed to the effects of mountains and discontinuities in major calcareous areas and cave systems acting as barriers to gene flow. While these salamander species can also occur outside caves, our results indicate that there is a very poor dispersal of these species between separate cave systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Chiari
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, CNRS-UMR n° 5554, CC 064, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France.
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127
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Wang IJ. Environmental and topographic variables shape genetic structure and effective population sizes in the endangered Yosemite toad. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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128
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Meister B, Ursenbacher S, Baur B. Grass Snake Population Differentiation over Different Geographic Scales. HERPETOLOGICA 2012. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-11-00036.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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129
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Díaz-Muñoz SL. Role of recent and old riverine barriers in fine-scale population genetic structure of Geoffroy's tamarin (Saguinus geoffroyi) in the Panama Canal watershed. Ecol Evol 2012; 2:298-309. [PMID: 22423325 PMCID: PMC3298944 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of physical barriers in promoting population divergence and genetic structuring is well known. While it is well established that animals can show genetic structuring at small spatial scales, less well-resolved is how the timing of the appearance of barriers affects population structure. This study uses the Panama Canal watershed as a test of the effects of old and recent riverine barriers in creating population structure in Saguinus geoffroyi, a small cooperatively breeding Neotropical primate. Mitochondrial sequences and microsatellite genotypes from three sampling localities revealed genetic structure across the Chagres River and the Panama Canal, suggesting that both waterways act as barriers to gene flow. F-statistics and exact tests of population differentiation suggest population structure on either side of both riverine barriers. Genetic differentiation across the Canal, however, was less than observed across the Chagres. Accordingly, Bayesian clustering algorithms detected between two and three populations, with localities across the older Chagres River always assigned as distinct populations. While conclusions represent a preliminary assessment of genetic structure of S. geoffroyi, this study adds to the evidence indicating that riverine barriers create genetic structure across a wide variety of taxa in the Panama Canal watershed and highlights the potential of this study area for discerning modern from historical influences on observed patterns of population genetic structure.
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130
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Conte M, Zucchi MI, Andrade GV, Souza AP, Recco-Pimentel SM. Study of closely related species within the Physalaemus cuvieri group (Anura): contribution of microsatellite markers. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 10:1434-44. [PMID: 21823093 DOI: 10.4238/vol10-3gmr1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Various species of the Physalaemus cuvieri group of frogs are difficult to distinguish morphologically, making molecular analysis an attractive alternative for indentifying members of this group, which is considered to be at risk because of loss of habitat. The genetic structure of natural populations of P. ephippifer and P. albonotatus species was investigated and analyzed, together with that of five previously studied populations of P. cuvieri. Nine microsatellite loci were used in the analyses. The overall G(ST) value (0.46) revealed high genetic variation among the populations, as expected for different species. Bayesian analysis implemented by the STRUCTURE software clustered the seven populations into seven groups (K = 7). All the P. albonotatus and P. ephippifer specimens were grouped into a single cluster, both species showing clear differentiation from P. cuvieri. The different grouping based on these microsatellites of some P. cuvieri individuals from Porto Nacional and from Passo Fundo suggests that they could be a new species, indicating a necessity for taxonomic reevaluation. Despite the intrinsic difficulties in analyzing closely related species, the nine microsatellite loci were found to be adequate for distinguishing these three species of the P. cuvieri group and their populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Conte
- Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular e Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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131
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Latch EK, Boarman WI, Walde A, Fleischer RC. Fine-scale analysis reveals cryptic landscape genetic structure in desert tortoises. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27794. [PMID: 22132143 PMCID: PMC3221657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the effects of landscape features on genetic variation is essential for understanding how landscapes shape patterns of gene flow and spatial genetic structure of populations. Most landscape genetics studies have focused on patterns of gene flow at a regional scale. However, the genetic structure of populations at a local scale may be influenced by a unique suite of landscape variables that have little bearing on connectivity patterns observed at broader spatial scales. We investigated fine-scale spatial patterns of genetic variation and gene flow in relation to features of the landscape in desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), using 859 tortoises genotyped at 16 microsatellite loci with associated data on geographic location, sex, elevation, slope, and soil type, and spatial relationship to putative barriers (power lines, roads). We used spatially explicit and non-explicit Bayesian clustering algorithms to partition the sample into discrete clusters, and characterize the relationships between genetic distance and ecological variables to identify factors with the greatest influence on gene flow at a local scale. Desert tortoises exhibit weak genetic structure at a local scale, and we identified two subpopulations across the study area. Although genetic differentiation between the subpopulations was low, our landscape genetic analysis identified both natural (slope) and anthropogenic (roads) landscape variables that have significantly influenced gene flow within this local population. We show that desert tortoise movements at a local scale are influenced by features of the landscape, and that these features are different than those that influence gene flow at larger scales. Our findings are important for desert tortoise conservation and management, particularly in light of recent translocation efforts in the region. More generally, our results indicate that recent landscape changes can affect gene flow at a local scale and that their effects can be detected almost immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Latch
- Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
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132
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Lozier JD, Strange JP, Stewart IJ, Cameron SA. Patterns of range-wide genetic variation in six North American bumble bee (Apidae: Bombus) species. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:4870-88. [PMID: 22035452 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05314.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The increasing evidence for population declines in bumble bee (Bombus) species worldwide has accelerated research efforts to explain losses in these important pollinators. In North America, a number of once widespread Bombus species have suffered serious reductions in range and abundance, although other species remain healthy. To examine whether declining and stable species exhibit different levels of genetic diversity or population fragmentation, we used microsatellite markers to genotype populations sampled across the geographic distributions of two declining (Bombus occidentalis and Bombus pensylvanicus) and four stable (Bombus bifarius; Bombus vosnesenskii; Bombus impatiens and Bombus bimaculatus) Bombus species. Populations of declining species generally have reduced levels of genetic diversity throughout their range compared to codistributed stable species. Genetic diversity can be affected by overall range size and degree of isolation of local populations, potentially confounding comparisons among species in some cases. We find no evidence for consistent differences in gene flow among stable and declining species, with all species exhibiting weak genetic differentiation over large distances (e.g. >1000 km). Populations on islands and at high elevations experience relatively strong genetic drift, suggesting that some conditions lead to genetic isolation in otherwise weakly differentiated species. B. occidentalis and B. bifarius exhibit stronger genetic differentiation than the other species, indicating greater phylogeographic structure consistent with their broader geographic distributions across topographically complex regions of western North America. Screening genetic diversity in North American Bombus should prove useful for identifying species that warrant monitoring, and developing management strategies that promote high levels of gene flow will be a key component in efforts to maintain healthy populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Lozier
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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133
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Mapelli FJ, Mora MS, Mirol PM, Kittlein MJ. Population structure and landscape genetics in the endangered subterranean rodent Ctenomys porteousi. CONSERV GENET 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-011-0273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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134
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Past and present: Phylogeography of the Bufo gargarizans species complex inferred from multi-loci allele sequence and frequency data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 61:136-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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135
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Jang Y, Hahm EH, Lee HJ, Park S, Won YJ, Choe JC. Geographic variation in advertisement calls in a tree frog species: gene flow and selection hypotheses. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23297. [PMID: 21858061 PMCID: PMC3157349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a species with a large distribution relative to its dispersal capacity, geographic variation in traits may be explained by gene flow, selection, or the combined effects of both. Studies of genetic diversity using neutral molecular markers show that patterns of isolation by distance (IBD) or barrier effect may be evident for geographic variation at the molecular level in amphibian species. However, selective factors such as habitat, predator, or interspecific interactions may be critical for geographic variation in sexual traits. We studied geographic variation in advertisement calls in the tree frog Hyla japonica to understand patterns of variation in these traits across Korea and provide clues about the underlying forces for variation. METHODOLOGY We recorded calls of H. japonica in three breeding seasons from 17 localities including localities in remote Jeju Island. Call characters analyzed were note repetition rate (NRR), note duration (ND), and dominant frequency (DF), along with snout-to-vent length. RESULTS The findings of a barrier effect on DF and a longitudinal variation in NRR seemed to suggest that an open sea between the mainland and Jeju Island and mountain ranges dominated by the north-south Taebaek Mountains were related to geographic variation in call characters. Furthermore, there was a pattern of IBD in mitochondrial DNA sequences. However, no comparable pattern of IBD was found between geographic distance and call characters. We also failed to detect any effects of habitat or interspecific interaction on call characters. CONCLUSIONS Geographic variations in call characters as well as mitochondrial DNA sequences were largely stratified by geographic factors such as distance and barriers in Korean populations of H. japonica. Although we did not detect effects of habitat or interspecific interaction, some other selective factors such as sexual selection might still be operating on call characters in conjunction with restricted gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikweon Jang
- Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Hahm
- Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Lee
- Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Park
- Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Won
- Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae C. Choe
- Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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136
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KANNO YOICHIRO, VOKOUN JASONC, LETCHER BENJAMINH. Fine-scale population structure and riverscape genetics of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) distributed continuously along headwater channel networks. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:3711-29. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05210.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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137
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Phillipsen IC, Funk WC, Hoffman EA, Monsen KJ, Blouin MS. Comparative analyses of effective population size within and among species: ranid frogs as a case study. Evolution 2011; 65:2927-45. [PMID: 21967433 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01356.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It has recently become practicable to estimate the effective sizes (N(e) ) of multiple populations within species. Such efforts are valuable for estimating N(e) in evolutionary modeling and conservation planning. We used microsatellite loci to estimate N(e) of 90 populations of four ranid frog species (20-26 populations per species, mean n per population = 29). Our objectives were to determine typical values of N(e) for populations of each species, compare N(e) estimates among the species, and test for correlations between several geographic variables and N(e) within species. We used single-sample linkage disequilibrium (LD), approximate Bayesian computation (ABC), and sibship assignment (SA) methods to estimate contemporary N(e) for each population. Three of the species-Rana pretiosa, R. luteiventris, and R. cascadae- have consistently small effective population sizes (<50). N(e) in Lithobates pipiens spans a wider range, with some values in the hundreds or thousands. There is a strong east-to-west trend of decreasing N(e) in L. pipiens. The smaller effective sizes of western populations of this species may be related to habitat fragmentation and population bottlenecking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan C Phillipsen
- Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2914, USA.
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138
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Yang J, Jiang Z, Zeng Y, Turghan M, Fang H, Li C. Effect of anthropogenic landscape features on population genetic differentiation of Przewalski's gazelle: main role of human settlement. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20144. [PMID: 21625459 PMCID: PMC3098875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic landscapes influence evolutionary processes such as population genetic differentiation, however, not every type of landscape features exert the same effect on a species, hence it is necessary to estimate their relative effect for species management and conservation. Przewalski's gazelle (Procapra przewalskii), which inhabits a human-altered area on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is one of the most endangered antelope species in the world. Here, we report a landscape genetic study on Przewalski's gazelle. We used skin and fecal samples of 169 wild gazelles collected from nine populations and thirteen microsatellite markers to assess the genetic effect of anthropogenic landscape features on this species. For comparison, the genetic effect of geographical distance and topography were also evaluated. We found significant genetic differentiation, six genetic groups and restricted dispersal pattern in Przewalski's gazelle. Topography, human settlement and road appear to be responsible for observed genetic differentiation as they were significantly correlated with both genetic distance measures [FST/(1−FST) and F′ST/(1−F′ST)] in Mantel tests. IBD (isolation by distance) was also inferred as a significant factor in Mantel tests when genetic distance was measured as FST/(1−FST). However, using partial Mantel tests, AICc calculations, causal modeling and AMOVA analysis, we found that human settlement was the main factor shaping current genetic differentiation among those tested. Altogether, our results reveal the relative influence of geographical distance, topography and three anthropogenic landscape-type on population genetic differentiation of Przewalski's gazelle and provide useful information for conservation measures on this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mardan Turghan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunwang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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139
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Muths E, Scherer RD, Pilliod DS. Compensatory effects of recruitment and survival when amphibian populations are perturbed by disease. J Appl Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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140
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Zhang YX, He CZ, Dudgeon D, Zhang ZY, Wang GM. Mountain Ridge and Sea: Geographic-Barrier Effects on Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of the Hong Kong Newt (Paramesotriton hongkongensis) Revealed by AFLP. ANN ZOOL FENN 2011. [DOI: 10.5735/086.048.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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141
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Wang IJ, Johnson JR, Johnson BB, Shaffer HB. Effective population size is strongly correlated with breeding pond size in the endangered California tiger salamander, Ambystoma californiense. CONSERV GENET 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-011-0194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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142
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RICHTER-BOIX ALEX, QUINTELA MARÍA, SEGELBACHER GERNOT, LAURILA ANSSI. Genetic analysis of differentiation among breeding ponds reveals a candidate gene for local adaptation in Rana arvalis. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:1582-600. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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143
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ZHU LIFENG, ZHANG SHANNING, GU XIAODONG, WEI FUWEN. Significant genetic boundaries and spatial dynamics of giant pandas occupying fragmented habitat across southwest China. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:1122-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.04999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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144
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Jaquiéry J, Broquet T, Hirzel AH, Yearsley J, Perrin N. Inferring landscape effects on dispersal from genetic distances: how far can we go? Mol Ecol 2010; 20:692-705. [PMID: 21175906 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04966.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Functional connectivity affects demography and gene dynamics in fragmented populations. Besides species-specific dispersal ability, the connectivity between local populations is affected by the landscape elements encountered during dispersal. Documenting these effects is thus a central issue for the conservation and management of fragmented populations. In this study, we compare the power and accuracy of three methods (partial correlations, regressions and Approximate Bayesian Computations) that use genetic distances to infer the effect of landscape upon dispersal. We use stochastic individual-based simulations of fragmented populations surrounded by landscape elements that differ in their permeability to dispersal. The power and accuracy of all three methods are good when there is a strong contrast between the permeability of different landscape elements. The power and accuracy can be further improved by restricting analyses to adjacent pairs of populations. Landscape elements that strongly impede dispersal are the easiest to identify. However, power and accuracy decrease drastically when landscape complexity increases and the contrast between the permeability of landscape elements decreases. We provide guidelines for future studies and underline the needs to evaluate or develop approaches that are more powerful.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jaquiéry
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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145
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Fine-Scale Spatial Genetic Structure and Genetic Diversity among Clouded Salamander (Hynobius nebulosus) Populations. CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.3105/018.029.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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146
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Combining demography and genetic analysis to assess the population structure of an amphibian in a human-dominated landscape. CONSERV GENET 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-010-0129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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147
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Lind AJ, Spinks PQ, Fellers GM, Shaffer HB. Rangewide phylogeography and landscape genetics of the Western U.S. endemic frog Rana boylii (Ranidae): implications for the conservation of frogs and rivers. CONSERV GENET 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-010-0138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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148
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Wilson AG, Arcese P, Chan YL, Patten MA. Micro-spatial genetic structure in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). CONSERV GENET 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-010-0134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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149
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Pilliod DS, Hossack BR, Bahls PF, Bull EL, Corn PS, Hokit G, Maxell BA, Munger JC, Wyrick A. Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales. DIVERS DISTRIB 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Jungels JM, Griffis-Kyle KL, Boeing WJ. Low Genetic Differentiation among Populations of the Great Plains Toad (Bufo cognatus) in Southern New Mexico. COPEIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1643/ch-09-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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