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Noda H, Tai Y, Shaporenko A, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Electrochemical Characterizations of Nickel Deposition on Aromatic Dithiol Monolayers on Gold Electrodes. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:22371-6. [PMID: 16853914 DOI: 10.1021/jp052180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electronic properties of pristine and cross-linked (CL) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of [1,1';4',1' '-terphenyl]-4,4' '-dimethanethiol (TPDMT) on Au were studied by electrochemical measurements, including cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. In addition, nickel deposition onto the TPDMT and CL-TPDMT substrates was investigated. In all cases, the TPDMT and CL-TPDMT films were found to be insulators, which effectively blocked the ionic permeation of electrolyte, preventing direct access of ions to the Au electrode. At the same time, CL-TPDMT is a better electric insulator than the pristine TPDMT SAM. The top Ni layer in the Ni/CL-TPDMT/Au arrangement was electrically isolated from the Au substrate, and no short circuits occurred. This layer was found to be conductive and relatively stable in the broad potential range in the electrolyte solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Noda
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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102
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Tai Y, Shaporenko A, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Effect of Irradiation Dose in Making an Insulator from a Self-Assembled Monolayer. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:19411-5. [PMID: 16853507 DOI: 10.1021/jp053340l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A combination of functionalization and irradiation-induced cross-linking allows fabrication of stable metal film on top of an aromatic self-assembled monolayer, [1,1';4',1' '-terphenyl]-4,4' '-dimethanethiol (TPDMT) on Au. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and ion-scattering spectroscopy the optimal irradiation dose for producing a stable metal overlayer was estimated to be 40-45 mC/cm2. This dose is necessary for complete 2D-polymerization and closure of transient channels, which would otherwise allow metal penetration into the SAM. What is also important, the majority of the thiol tail groups, responsible for 2D growth and chemical adherence of the metal film, remains intact even at this high dose. The optimal dose corresponds to a crossover in the response of the TPDMT film to ionizing radiation: the irradiation-induced processes progress fast at lower doses and saturate at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Tai
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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103
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Shaporenko A, Cyganik P, Buck M, Ulman A, Zharnikov M. Self-assembled monolayers of semifluorinated alkaneselenolates on noble metal substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:8204-13. [PMID: 16114923 DOI: 10.1021/la050535b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed from semifluorinated dialkyldiselenol (CF(3)(CF(2))(5)(CH(2))(2)Se-)(2) (F6H2SeSeH2F6) on polycrystalline Au(111) and Ag(111) were characterized by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and contact angle measurements. The Se-Se linkage of F6H2SeSeH2F6 was found to be cleaved upon the adsorption, followed by the formation of selenolate-metal bond. The resulting F6H2Se SAMs are well-ordered, densely packed, and contamination-free. The packing density of these films is governed by the bulky fluorocarbon part, which exhibits the expected helical conformation. A noncommensurate hexagonal arrangement of the F6H2Se molecules with an average nearest-neighbor spacing of about 5.8 +/- 0.2 A, close to the van der Waals diameter the fluorocarbon chain, was observed on Au(111). The orientation of the fluorocarbon chains in the F6H2Se SAMs does not depend on the substrate-the average tilt angle of these moieties was estimated to be about 21-22 degrees on both Au and Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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104
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Loos K, Kennedy SB, Eidelman N, Tai Y, Zharnikov M, Amis EJ, Ulman A, Gross RA. Combinatorial approach to study enzyme/surface interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:5237-41. [PMID: 15924442 DOI: 10.1021/la0469304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A fast combinatorial approach to access information about the immobilization behavior and kinetics of enzymes on a variation of surfaces is presented. As a test system, Candida Antarctica Lipase B was immobilized on a self-assembled monolayer bearing a gradient of surface energy. The respective immobilization behavior was monitored by Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy. In addition, the activity of the immobilized enzyme was monitored over the entire film in real time with a specially developed fluorescence activity assay embedded into a siloxane gel. It was found that the highest amount of active protein was immobilized on the hydrophilic end of the gradient surface. This effect is associated with a higher surface roughness of this area resulting in hydrophobic micro-environments in which the enzyme gets immobilized.
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105
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Shaporenko A, Brunnbauer M, Terfort A, Johansson LSO, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Odd-even effects in photoemission from terphenyl-substituted alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:4370-5. [PMID: 16032849 DOI: 10.1021/la040118j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed from 4,4'-terphenyl-substituted alkanethiols C6H5(C6H4)2-(CH2)nSH (TPn, n = 1-6) on polycrystalline (111) gold and silver substrates have been characterized by synchrotron-based high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The intensities, binding energy positions, and width of most photoemission lines exhibited pronounced odd-even effects, i.e., systematic and periodic variation, depending on either odd or even number of the methylene units in the aliphatic linker of the TPn molecules. The detailed analysis of these effects provides important information on the bonding and arrangement of the chemisorbed sulfur headgroups in the TPn films and balance of the structural forces in alkanethiolate SAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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106
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Love JC, Estroff LA, Kriebel JK, Nuzzo RG, Whitesides GM. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Thiolates on Metals as a Form of Nanotechnology. Chem Rev 2005; 105:1103-69. [PMID: 15826011 DOI: 10.1021/cr0300789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4698] [Impact Index Per Article: 247.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Love
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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107
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Zharnikov M, Shaporenko A, Paul A, Gölzhäuser A, Scholl A. X-ray Absorption Spectromicroscopy Studies for the Development of Lithography with a Monomolecular Resist. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:5168-74. [PMID: 16863181 DOI: 10.1021/jp040649g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Soft X-ray absorption microscopy was applied to image and characterize molecular patterns produced by electron irradiation of aliphatic and aromatic thiol-derived self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au substrates. The measurements were performed at all relevant absorption edges. The fabricated patterns could be clearly imaged with a lateral resolution better than 150 nm, which, for example, allowed us to distinguish a fine structure of 1 microm features. The X-ray absorption microspot spectra derived from different areas of the SAM patterns provided specific chemical information on pristine and irradiated areas and unexpected features in these patterns. The quality of the microspot spectra is comparable with that of the analogous X-ray absorption spectra acquired with standard equipment from homogeneous SAMs. In particular, a chemical transformation of the functional tail groups within the irradiated areas of the patterned aromatic SAMs could be directly monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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108
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Shaporenko A, Heister K, Ulman A, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. The Effect of Halogen Substitution in Self-Assembled Monolayers of 4-Mercaptobiphenyls on Noble Metal Substrates. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:4096-103. [PMID: 16851468 DOI: 10.1021/jp040667y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed from 4'-substituted 4-mercaptobiphenyls X-(C6H4)2SH (X-BPT, with X = I, Cl, and F) on polycrystalline (111) gold and silver substrates have been characterized by synchrotron-based high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and angle-resolved near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The X-BPT molecules were found to form highly oriented and densely packed SAMs on both substrates, with a smaller molecular inclination in the case of Ag. The experimental data show clear evidence for the charge transfer between the 4'-substituent and biphenyl moieties with the direction and extent of the transfer depending on the electronegativity of the halogen substituent. At the same time, no direct evidence of the charge transfer between the 4'-substituent and the thiolate group was observed. However, the substitution of the 4'-hydrogen by a halogen atom seems to affect the detailed packing arrangements of the SAM constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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109
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Shaporenko A, Ulman A, Terfort A, Zharnikov M. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkaneselenolates on (111) Gold and Silver. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:3898-906. [PMID: 16851442 DOI: 10.1021/jp045052f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed from didodecyl diselenide (C12SeSeC12) and didodecyl selenide (C12SeC12) on (111) Au and Ag substrates were extensively characterized by several complementary techniques. C12SeSeC12 was found to form contamination-free, densely packed, and well-ordered C12Se SAMs on both substrates, whereas the adsorption of C12SeC12 occurred only on Au and resulted in the formation of a SAM-like C12SeC12 film with a low packing density and a conformational disorder. The properties of the C12Se SAMs were compared with those of dodecanethiolate (C12S) SAMs. The packing density, orientational order, and molecular inclination in C12Se/Au and C12S/Au were found to be very similar. In contrast, C12Se/Ag exhibited significantly lower packing density, a lower degree of the conformational and orientational order, and a larger molecular inclination than C12S/Ag. The results suggest a sp3 bonding configuration for the selenium atom on Au and Ag and indicate a larger corrugation of the headgroup-substrate binding energy surface in C12Se/Ag than in C12S/Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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110
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Weng CC, Liao JD, Wu YT, Wang MC, Klauser R, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Modification of aliphatic self-assembled monolayers by free-radical-dominant plasma: the role of the plasma composition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:10093-10099. [PMID: 15518499 DOI: 10.1021/la040058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Modification of octadecanethiolate self-assembled monolayers on Au by nitrogen-oxygen or argon-oxygen downstream microwave plasma with a low oxygen content (estimated below several percent) has been studied by synchrotron-based high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water contact angle measurements. For both types of plasma, the primary processes were found to be the loss of conformational and orientational order and the oxidation of the alkyl matrix and headgroup-substrate interface. At the same time, the film modification occurred much faster and with different intermediates for the nitrogen plasma than for the argon plasma. The reasons for these differences are considered in terms of the different reactivities and different efficiencies of the energy transfer between the plasma constituents in these two types of plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chiang Weng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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111
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Mendes PM, Preece JA. Precision chemical engineering: integrating nanolithography and nanoassembly. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2004.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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112
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Shaporenko A, Adlkofer K, Johansson LSO, Ulman A, Grunze M, Tanaka M, Zharnikov M. Spectroscopic Characterization of 4‘-Substituted Aromatic Self-Assembled Monolayers on GaAs(100) Surface. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040474a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - K. Adlkofer
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - L. S. O. Johansson
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - A. Ulman
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - M. Grunze
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - M. Tanaka
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
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113
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Feulner P, Niedermayer T, Eberle K, Schneider R, Menzel D, Baumer A, Schmich E, Shaporenko A, Tai Y, Zharnikov M. Strong temperature dependence of irradiation effects in organic layers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:178302. [PMID: 15525132 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.178302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Radiation damage of self-assembled monolayers, which are prototypes of thin organic layers and highly organized biological systems, shows a strong dependence on temperature. Two limiting cases could be identified. Reactions involving transport of single atoms and small fragments proceed nearly independent of temperature. Reactions requiring transport of heavy fragments are, however, efficiently quenched by cooling. We foresee the combined use of temperature and irradiation by electrons or photons for advanced tailoring of self-assembled monolayers on surfaces. In addition, our results have direct implications for cryogenic approaches in advanced electron and x-ray microscopy and spectroscopy of biological macromolecules and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Feulner
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
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114
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Tai Y, Shaporenko A, Rong HT, Buck M, Eck W, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Fabrication of Thiol-Terminated Surfaces Using Aromatic Self-Assembled Monolayers. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0402380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Tai
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - A. Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - H.-T. Rong
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - M. Buck
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - W. Eck
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - M. Grunze
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and School of Chemistry, St Andrews University, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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115
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Tai Y, Shaporenko A, Eck W, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Depth distribution of irradiation-induced cross-linking in aromatic self-assembled monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:7166-7170. [PMID: 15301501 DOI: 10.1021/la040047o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pristine and strongly irradiated self-assembled monolayers of [1,1':4',1' '-terphenyl]-4,4' '-dimethanethiol (TPDMT) on Au have been characterized by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy using partial electron yield acquisition mode. The TPDMT films were found to be extremely stable toward electron irradiation, which is explained by cross-linking between the aromatic backbones. In addition, we assume that a large delocalization and a strong relaxation of the initial electronic excitations in the densely packed film contributed to the film stability. The data analysis implies an inhomogeneous distribution of the irradiation-induced dehydrogenation and cross-linking of the terphenyl moieties in the TPDMT film, being most pronounced close to the film-ambient interface. The inhomogeneity was explained by quenching of the electronically excited C-H states via dipole-dipole interaction with the states' image at the metal surface, which has a reduced probability with increasing separation from the metal surface. Generally, the results suggest the importance of relaxation processes for the response of self-assembled monolayers to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tai
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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116
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Shaporenko A, Brunnbauer M, Terfort A, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Structural Forces in Self-Assembled Monolayers: Terphenyl-Substituted Alkanethiols on Noble Metal Substrates. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0400521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Brunnbauer
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Terfort
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Grunze
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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117
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Fresco ZM, Suez I, Backer SA, Fréchet JMJ. AFM-Induced Amine Deprotection: Triggering Localized Bond Cleavage by Application of Tip/Substrate Voltage Bias for the Surface Self-Assembly of Nanosized Dendritic Objects. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:8374-5. [PMID: 15237983 DOI: 10.1021/ja047774q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An alpha,alpha-dimethyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl (DDZ)-protected amine monolayer can be selectively deprotected by the application of a voltage bias from a conducting AFM tip to afford localized nanoscale patterns that can be visualized by self-assembly of dendritic molecular objects with terminal carboxylic acid groups and different aspect ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Fresco
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1460, USA
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118
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Willey TM, Vance AL, Bostedt C, van Buuren T, Meulenberg RW, Terminello LJ, Fadley CS. Surface structure and chemical switching of thioctic acid adsorbed on Au(111) as observed using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:4939-44. [PMID: 15984254 DOI: 10.1021/la049868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid) is a molecule with a large disulfide-containing base, a short alkyl chain with four CH2 units, and a carboxyl termination. Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films ofthioctic acid adsorbed on Au(111) have been investigated with near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine film quality, bonding, and morphology. Using standard preparation protocols for SAMs, that is, dissolving thioctic acid in ethanol and exposing gold to the solution, results in poor films. These films are highly disordered, contain a mixture of carboxyl and carboxylate terminations, have more than monolayer coverage, and exhibit unbound disulfide. Conversely, forming films by dissolving 1 mmol thioctic acid into 5% acetic acid in ethanol (as previously reported with carboxyl-terminated alkanethiols) forms ordered monolayers with small amounts of unbound sulfur. NEXAFS indicates tilted over endgroups with the carboxyl group normal on average 38 degrees from the surface normal. Slight angle-dependent intensity modulations in other features indicate alkyl chains statistically more upright than prostrate on the surface. Reflection-absorption Fourier transform infrared (RA-FTIR) spectra indicate hydrogen bonding between neighboring molecules. In such well-formed monolayers, a stark reorientation occurs upon deprotonation of the endgroup by rinsing in a KOH solution. The carboxylate plane normal is now about 66 degrees from sample normal, a much more upright orientation. Data indicate this reorientation may also cause a more upright orientation to the alkyl portion of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Willey
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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119
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Willey TM, Vance AL, van Buuren T, Bostedt C, Nelson AJ, Terminello LJ, Fadley CS. Chemically transformable configurations of mercaptohexadecanoic acid self-assembled monolayers adsorbed on Au(111). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:2746-2752. [PMID: 15835147 DOI: 10.1021/la036073o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are commonly used in a variety of applications, with the assumption that the molecules form well-ordered monolayers. In this work, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements verify that well-ordered monolayers can be formed using acetic acid in the solvent. Disordered monolayers with unbound molecules present in the film result using only ethanol. A stark reorientation occurs upon deprotonation of the end group by rinsing in a KOH solution. This reorientation of the end group is reversible with tilted-over, hydrogen-bound carboxyl groups while the carboxylate ion end groups are upright. C(1s) photoemission shows that SAMs formed and rinsed with acetic acid in ethanol have protonated end groups, while SAMs formed without acetic acid have a large fraction of carboxylate-terminated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Willey
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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120
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Brewer NJ, Foster TT, Leggett GJ, Alexander MR, McAlpine E. Comparative Investigations of the Packing and Ambient Stability of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiols on Gold and Silver by Friction Force Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035492r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Brewer
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion and Protection Centre, UMIST, P. O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K., and Alcan International, Southam Road, Banbury, Oxfordshire OX16 7SP, U.K
| | - Trevor T. Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion and Protection Centre, UMIST, P. O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K., and Alcan International, Southam Road, Banbury, Oxfordshire OX16 7SP, U.K
| | - Graham J. Leggett
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion and Protection Centre, UMIST, P. O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K., and Alcan International, Southam Road, Banbury, Oxfordshire OX16 7SP, U.K
| | - Morgan R. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion and Protection Centre, UMIST, P. O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K., and Alcan International, Southam Road, Banbury, Oxfordshire OX16 7SP, U.K
| | - Eoghan McAlpine
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion and Protection Centre, UMIST, P. O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K., and Alcan International, Southam Road, Banbury, Oxfordshire OX16 7SP, U.K
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121
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Klauser R, Huang ML, Wang SC, Chen CH, Chuang TJ, Terfort A, Zharnikov M. Lithography with a focused soft X-ray beam and a monomolecular resist. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:2050-2053. [PMID: 15835648 DOI: 10.1021/la030398n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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122
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Heister K, Frey S, Ulman A, Grunze M, Zharnikov M. Irradiation sensitivity of self-assembled monolayers with an introduced "weak link". LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:1222-1227. [PMID: 15803700 DOI: 10.1021/la030352u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The irradiation sensitivity of n-alkanethiolate SAMs can be enhanced by the incorporation of an irradiation-sensitive functionality as a predetermined breaking point into the alkyl chain. Following this general strategy, several different sulfur-derived functional entities with a variable position in the alkyl chain were tested. In some cases, the incorporation of these entities resulted in a noticeable enhancement of the irradiation-induced desorption (by about 30%), even though the chains were not exclusively cut at the position of the incorporated group, but the scission events related to the "weak links" were just added to those in the alkyl matrix. The position of the incorporated group along the alkyl chain was found to be most essential for its performance as a weak link; the enhancement of irradiation-induced desorption was observed only when the groups were placed close to the SAM-ambient interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Heister
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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123
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Klauser R, Hong IH, Wang SC, Zharnikov M, Paul A, Gölzhäuser A, Terfort A, Chuang TJ. Imaging and Patterning of Monomolecular Resists by Zone-Plate-Focused X-ray Microprobe. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0307396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A. Terfort
- Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. J. Chuang
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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124
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Adlkofer K, Shaporenko A, Zharnikov M, Grunze M, Ulman A, Tanaka M. Chemical Engineering of Gallium Arsenide Surfaces with 4‘-Methyl-4-mercaptobiphenyl and 4‘-Hydroxy-4-mercaptobiphenyl Monolayers. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0356719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Adlkofer
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - A. Shaporenko
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - M. Grunze
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - A. Ulman
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - M. Tanaka
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York
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125
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Mendes P, Belloni M, Ashworth M, Hardy C, Nikitin K, Fitzmaurice D, Critchley K, Evans S, Preece J. A novel example of X-ray-radiation-induced chemical reduction of an aromatic nitro-group-containing thin film on SiO2 to an aromatic amine film. Chemphyschem 2003; 4:884-9. [PMID: 12961991 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200300699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mendes
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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126
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Frey S, Shaporenko A, Zharnikov M, Harder P, Allara DL. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Nitrile-Functionalized Alkanethiols on Gold and Silver Substrates. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0221690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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