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Smith JS, Nebgen B, Lubbers N, Isayev O, Roitberg AE. Less is more: Sampling chemical space with active learning. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:241733. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5023802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Justin S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Ben Nebgen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Nicholas Lubbers
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Olexandr Isayev
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Adrian E. Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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102
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Awad A, Trenfield SJ, Goyanes A, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Reshaping drug development using 3D printing. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1547-1555. [PMID: 29803932 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry stands on the brink of a revolution, calling for the recognition and embracement of novel techniques. 3D printing (3DP) is forecast to reshape the way in which drugs are designed, manufactured, and used. Although a clear trend towards personalised fabrication is perceived, here we accentuate the merits and shortcomings of each technology, providing insights into aspects such as the efficiency of production, global supply, and logistics. Contemporary opportunities for 3DP in drug discovery and pharmaceutical development and manufacturing are unveiled, offering a forward-looking view on its potential uses as a digitised tool for personalised dispensing of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atheer Awad
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Sarah J Trenfield
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | | | - Simon Gaisford
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; FabRx Ltd, 3 Romney Road, Ashford TN24 0RW, UK
| | - Abdul W Basit
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; FabRx Ltd, 3 Romney Road, Ashford TN24 0RW, UK.
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103
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Wohlgemuth R. Horizons of Systems Biocatalysis and Renaissance of Metabolite Synthesis. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700620. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wohlgemuth
- European Federation of Biotechnology; Section on Applied Biocatalysis (ESAB); Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25,Frankfurt am Main 60486 Germany
- Sigma-Aldrich; Member of Merck Group; Industriestrasse 25,Buchs 9470 Switzerland
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104
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Luzuriaga MA, Berry DR, Reagan JC, Smaldone RA, Gassensmith JJ. Biodegradable 3D printed polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. LAB ON A CHIP 2018. [PMID: 29536070 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00098k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer microneedle (MN) arrays are an emerging class of transdermal drug delivery devices that promise a painless and sanitary alternative to syringes; however, prototyping bespoke needle architectures is expensive and requires production of new master templates. Here, we present a new microfabrication technique for MNs using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using polylactic acid, an FDA approved, renewable, biodegradable, thermoplastic material. We show how this natural degradability can be exploited to overcome a key challenge of FDM 3D printing, in particular the low resolution of these printers. We improved the feature size of the printed parts significantly by developing a post fabrication chemical etching protocol, which allowed us to access tip sizes as small as 1 μm. With 3D modeling software, various MN shapes were designed and printed rapidly with custom needle density, length, and shape. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that our method resulted in needle tip sizes in the range of 1-55 μm, which could successfully penetrate and break off into porcine skin. We have also shown that these MNs have comparable mechanical strengths to currently fabricated MNs and we further demonstrated how the swellability of PLA can be exploited to load small molecule drugs and how its degradability in skin can release those small molecules over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Luzuriaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA.
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105
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Trobe M, Burke MD. The Molecular Industrial Revolution: Automated Synthesis of Small Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4192-4214. [PMID: 29513400 PMCID: PMC5912692 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Today we are poised for a transition from the highly customized crafting of specific molecular targets by hand to the increasingly general and automated assembly of different types of molecules with the push of a button. Creating machines that are capable of making many different types of small molecules on demand, akin to that which has been achieved on the macroscale with 3D printers, is challenging. Yet important progress is being made toward this objective with two complementary approaches: 1) Automation of customized synthesis routes to different targets by machines that enable the use of many reactions and starting materials, and 2) automation of generalized platforms that make many different targets using common coupling chemistry and building blocks. Continued progress in these directions has the potential to shift the bottleneck in molecular innovation from synthesis to imagination, and thereby help drive a new industrial revolution on the molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Trobe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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106
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Trobe M, Burke MD. Die molekulare industrielle Revolution: zur automatisierten Synthese organischer Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Trobe
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S. Mathews, 454 RAL Urbana-Champaign IL 61801 USA
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S. Mathews, 454 RAL Urbana-Champaign IL 61801 USA
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107
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Ji Y, Ma Y, Ma Y, Asenbauer J, Passerini S, Streb C. Water decontamination by polyoxometalate-functionalized 3D-printed hierarchical porous devices. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3018-3021. [PMID: 29511767 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00821c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The design of organic-inorganic hybrid composites has revolutionized application-driven materials design. Here, we show how hierarchically structured, 3D-printed ABS polymers can be surface-functionalized with lacunary polyoxometalate anions ([α-PW9O34]9-) featuring heavy-metal binding sites. The resulting composite is highly porous and can be used for the removal of transition-metal pollutants from water. Thus, a facile blueprint for decentralized production of water filtration devices is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchun Ji
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Yuan Ma
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89081 Ulm, Germany and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yanjiao Ma
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89081 Ulm, Germany and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jakob Asenbauer
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89081 Ulm, Germany and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89081 Ulm, Germany and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carsten Streb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. and Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89081 Ulm, Germany and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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