101
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Weninger C, Purvis M, Ryan D, London RA, Bozek JD, Bostedt C, Graf A, Brown G, Rocca JJ, Rohringer N. Stimulated electronic x-ray Raman scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:233902. [PMID: 24476271 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.233902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate strong stimulated inelastic x-ray scattering by resonantly exciting a dense gas target of neon with femtosecond, high-intensity x-ray pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). A small number of lower energy XFEL seed photons drive an avalanche of stimulated resonant inelastic x-ray scattering processes that amplify the Raman scattering signal by several orders of magnitude until it reaches saturation. Despite the large overall spectral width, the internal spiky structure of the XFEL spectrum determines the energy resolution of the scattering process in a statistical sense. This is demonstrated by observing a stochastic line shift of the inelastically scattered x-ray radiation. In conjunction with statistical methods, XFELs can be used for stimulated resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, with spectral resolution smaller than the natural width of the core-excited, intermediate state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Weninger
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Purvis
- Colorado Sate University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Duncan Ryan
- Colorado Sate University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Richard A London
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - John D Bozek
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Alexander Graf
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - Gregory Brown
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - Jorge J Rocca
- Colorado Sate University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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102
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Marinelli A, Lutman AA, Wu J, Ding Y, Krzywinski J, Nuhn HD, Feng Y, Coffee RN, Pellegrini C. Multicolor operation and spectral control in a gain-modulated x-ray free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:134801. [PMID: 24116783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.134801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We show that the spectral properties of a self-amplified spontaneous emission x-ray free-electron laser can be controlled by modulating the gain in magnetic undulators, thus producing one or several spectral lines within a single few femtosecond pulse. By varying the magnetic field along the undulator and the electron beam transport line, the system we demonstrate can tailor the x-ray spectrum to optimally meet numerous experimental requirements for multicolor operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marinelli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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103
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Watching energy transfer in metalloporphyrin heterodimers using stimulated X-ray Raman spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15597-601. [PMID: 24019462 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1308604110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the excitation energy transfer mechanism in multiporphyrin arrays is key for designing artificial light-harvesting devices and other molecular electronics applications. Simulations of the stimulated X-ray Raman spectroscopy signals of a Zn/Ni porphyrin heterodimer induced by attosecond X-ray pulses show that these signals can directly reveal electron-hole pair motions. These dynamics are visualized by a natural orbital decomposition of the valence electron wavepackets.
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104
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Dorfman KE, Bennett K, Zhang Y, Mukamel S. Nonlinear light scattering in molecules triggered by an impulsive X-ray Raman process. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 2013; 87:53826. [PMID: 24465122 PMCID: PMC3900012 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.87.053826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The time-and-frequency resolved nonlinear light scattering (NLS) signals from a time evolving charge distribution of valence electrons prepared by impulsive X-ray pulses are calculated using a superoperator Green's function formalism. The signal consists of a coherent ~ N2-scaling difference frequency generation and an incoherent fluorescence ~ N-scaling component where N is the number of active molecules. The former is given by the classical Larmor formula based on the time-dependent charge density. The latter requires additional information about the electronic structure and may be recast in terms of transition amplitudes representing quantum matter pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Zhang
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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