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Highly sensitive detection of DNA hypermethylation in melanoma cancer cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 124-125:136-142. [PMID: 30366258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes is a promising biomarker for early cancer detection. This methylation status is reflected in the methylation pattern of ctDNA shed from the primary tumor; however, to realize the full clinical utility of ctDNA methylation detection via liquid biopsy for early cancer diagnosis, improvements in the sensitivity and multiplexability of existing technologies must be improved. Additionally, the assay must be cheap and easy to perform in a clinical setting. We report the integration of methylation specific PCR (MSP) to melt curve analysis on giant magnetoresistive (GMR) biosensors to greatly enhance the sensitivity of our DNA hybridization assay for methylation detection. Our GMR sensor is functionalized with synthetic DNA probes that target methylated or unmethylated CpG sites in the MSP amplicon, and measures the difference in melting temperature (Tm) between the two probes (ΔTm), giving an analytical limit of detection down to 0.1% methylated DNA in solution. Additionally, linear regression of ΔTm's for serial dilutions of methylated:unmethylated mixtures allows for quantification of methylation percentage, which could have diagnostic and prognostic utility. Lastly, we performed multiplexed MSP on two different genes, and show the ability of our GMR assay to resolve this mixture, despite their amplicons' overlapping Tm's in standard EvaGreen melt analysis. The multiplexing ability of our assay and its enhanced sensitivity, without necessitating deep sequencing, represent important steps toward realizing an assay for the detection of methylated ctDNA in plasma for early cancer detection in a clinical setting.
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102
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Gao D, Zhang J, Bai L, Li F, Dong Y, Li Q. Melittin induces NSCLC apoptosis via inhibition of miR-183. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4511-4523. [PMID: 30122943 PMCID: PMC6078185 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s169806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has one of the highest mortality rates among cancers worldwide, with a poor prognosis. Previous studies have reported that melittin, an active component of apitoxin, exerts anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects via vascular endothelial growth factor or FoxO1. Methods CCK8, flow cytometry assay and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the effect of melittin on NSCLC. Results The present study demonstrates that melittin activated caspase-2 by inhibiting miR-183 expression and, thus, induced NSCLC apoptosis in both NCI-H441 cancer cell line assays and an in vivo xenograft model. The results of the cell-based assays showed that melittin (2 μg/mL) robustly suppressed miR-183 expression level and resulted in decreased invasion and migration abilities of NCI-H441 cells. Additionally, a flow cytometry assay and Western blotting showed that melittin induced NSCLC NCI-H441 cell apoptosis along with significant elevation of caspase-2 and Bax, which are regulators of cell apoptosis, and reduced Bcl-2 protein expression compared with dimethyl sulfoxide control. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of melittin (5 mg/kg) significantly suppressed NSCLC tumor growth compared with vehicle group tumors, determined through tumor size and weight. Conclusion Taken together, the aforementioned findings contribute to identification of a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of NSCLC, in patients diagnosed with a high expression of miR-183. Moreover, this article provides solid evidence for the inhibitory effect of melittin on NSCLC cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China,
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China,
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China,
| | - Fubo Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China,
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China,
| | - Qingshan Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China,
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Lissa D, Ishigame T, Noro R, Tucker MJ, Bliskovsky V, Shema S, Beck JA, Bowman ED, Harris CC, Robles AI. HOXA9 methylation and blood vessel invasion in FFPE tissues for prognostic stratification of stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients. Lung Cancer 2018; 122:151-159. [PMID: 30032824 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surgery with curative intent is the standard treatment for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. However, disease recurrence occurs in a third of patients. Prognostic biomarkers are needed to improve postoperative management. Here, we evaluate the utility of Homeobox A9 (HOXA9) promoter methylation, alone or in combination with Blood Vessel Invasion (BVI) assessment, for prognostic stratification of stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to measure HOXA9 promoter methylation in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biospecimens generated during routine pathology. The prognostic value of HOXA9 promoter methylation and BVI, alone and in combination, was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses in a cohort of 177 stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients from the NCI-MD study. RESULTS The ddPCR assay showed linearity, sensitivity and specificity for measuring HOXA9 promoter methylation down to 0.1% methylated DNA input. The HOXA9 promoter was methylated de novo in FFPE tumors (P < 0.0001). High methylation was independently associated with worse cancer-specific survival (Hazard Ratio [HR], 3.37; P = 0.0002) and identified high-risk stage IA and IB patients. Addition of this molecular marker improved a risk model comprised of clinical and pathologic parameters (age, gender, race, stage, and smoking history; nested likelihood ratio test; P = 0.0004) and increased the C-index from 0.60 (95% CI 0.51-0.69) to 0.68 (0.60-0.76). High methylation tumors displayed high frequency of TP53 mutations and other molecular characteristics associated with aggressiveness. BVI was independently associated with poor outcome (HR, 2.62; P = 0.054). A score that combined BVI with HOXA9 promoter methylation further stratified high-risk patients (trend P = 0.0001 comparing 0, 1 or 2 positive markers). CONCLUSIONS ddPCR can be used to quantify HOXA9 promoter methylation in FFPE samples. Alone or combined with BVI in a prognostic classifier, HOXA9 promoter methylation could potentially inform the clinical management of patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Lissa
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Teruhide Ishigame
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rintaro Noro
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marguerite J Tucker
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Valery Bliskovsky
- CCR Genomics Core, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Steven Shema
- CCR Genomics Core, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica A Beck
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elise D Bowman
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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104
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Kojima K, Nakamura T, Ohbu M, Katoh H, Ooizumi Y, Igarashi K, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Yokoi K, Nishizawa N, Yokota K, Kosaka Y, Sato T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) gene promoter methylation during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194785. [PMID: 29746493 PMCID: PMC5944981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been explained by genomic abnormalities along with the adenoma-carcinoma sequence theory (ACS). The aim of our study is to elucidate whether the promoter DNA methylation of the cancer-specific methylation gene, cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1), contributes to the carcinogenic process in CRC. METHODS The study group comprised 107 patients with CRC who underwent surgical resection and 90 adenomas treated with endoscopic resection in the Kitasato University Hospital in 2000. We analyzed the extent of methylation in each tissue using quantitative TaqMan methylation-specific PCR for CDO1. RESULTS The methylation level increased along with the ACS process (p < 0.0001), and statistically significant differences were found between normal-appearing mucosa (NAM) and low-grade adenoma (p < 0.0001), and between low-grade adenoma and high-grade adenoma (p = 0.01), but not between high-grade adenoma and cancer with no liver metastasis. Furthermore, primary CRC cancers with liver metastasis harbored significantly higher methylation of CDO1 than those without liver metastasis (p = 0.02). As a result, the area under the curve by CDO1 promoter methylation was 0.96, 0.80, and 0.67 to discriminate cancer from NAM, low-grade adenoma from NAM, and low-grade adenoma from high-grade adenoma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CDO1 methylation accumulates during the ACS process, and consistently contributes to CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohbu
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ooizumi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Hu H, Chen X, Zhou C, Li B, Yang Y, Ying X, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Zhong J, Dai J, Yu H, Wu B, Li X, Wang T, Duan S. Aberrant methylation of mutL homolog 1 is associated with increased risk of non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 32:e22370. [PMID: 29205508 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignant tumor. DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region has been served as a potential molecular marker for several tumors. The goal of the current study was to assess the diagnostic ability of mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) promoter methylation in NSCLC. METHODS A total of 111 NSCLC patients' paired tissue samples were obtained to explore the association between MLH1 promoter methylation and NSCLC by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) method. Public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to verify our findings. RESULTS Our results showed a significantly higher MLH1 methylation frequency in tumor tissue samples than their paired adjacent tissues (P = .008). ROC curve indicated that MLH1MSP assay was a sensitive but not a specific method in the diagnosis for NSCLC (sensitivity = 0.964, specificity = 0.135, AUC = 0.550). And the association between the methylation level and clinical characteristics has no statistical significance. TCGA cohort evinced a higher methylation probability in tumor group compared with nontumor group (the mean β value: -0.449 [-0.467, -0.437] vs -0.466 [-0.472, -0.437], P = .011), which was consistent with our results. Meanwhile, an inverse correlation between MLH1 methylation and MLH1 expression was detected in TCGA and GEO databases. CONCLUSIONS The MSP method for MLH1 methylation was a sensitive but not a specific diagnostic method for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochang Hu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Medical Record, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuru Ying
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyi Mao
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Boyi Wu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiangong Wang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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