101
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Oliphant MUJ, Vincent MY, Galbraith MD, Pandey A, Zaberezhnyy V, Rudra P, Johnson KR, Costello JC, Ghosh D, DeGregori J, Espinosa JM, Ford HL. SIX2 Mediates Late-Stage Metastasis via Direct Regulation of SOX2 and Induction of a Cancer Stem Cell Program. Cancer Res 2019; 79:720-734. [PMID: 30606720 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The capacity for tumor cells to metastasize efficiently is directly linked to their ability to colonize secondary sites. Here we identify Six2, a developmental transcription factor, as a critical regulator of a breast cancer stem cell program that enables metastatic colonization. In several triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models, Six2 enhanced the expression of genes associated with embryonic stem cell programs. Six2 directly bound the Sox2 Srr2 enhancer, promoting Sox2 expression and downstream expression of Nanog, which are both key pluripotency factors. Regulation of Sox2 by Six2 enhanced cancer stem cell properties and increased metastatic colonization. Six2 and Sox2 expression correlated highly in breast cancers including TNBC, where a Six2 expression signature was predictive of metastatic burden and poor clinical outcome. Our findings demonstrate that a SIX2/SOX2 axis is required for efficient metastatic colonization, underscoring a key role for stemness factors in outgrowth at secondary sites. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings provide novel mechanistic insight into stemness and the metastatic outgrowth of triple-negative breast cancer cells.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/4/720/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael U J Oliphant
- Integrated Physiology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Melanie Y Vincent
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Matthew D Galbraith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ahwan Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Vadym Zaberezhnyy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Pratyaydipta Rudra
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Katherine R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont
| | - James C Costello
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Heide L Ford
- Integrated Physiology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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102
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KiSS1 in regulation of metastasis and response to antitumor drugs. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 42:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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103
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Oncogenic Metabolism Acts as a Prerequisite Step for Induction of Cancer Metastasis and Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1027453. [PMID: 30671168 PMCID: PMC6323533 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1027453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a major obstacle to the efficient and successful treatment of cancer. Initiation of metastasis requires epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that is regulated by several transcription factors, including Snail and ZEB1/2. EMT is closely linked to the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and chemoresistance, which contribute to tumor malignancy. Tumor suppressor p53 inhibits EMT and metastasis by negatively regulating several EMT-inducing transcription factors and regulatory molecules; thus, its inhibition is crucial in EMT, invasion, metastasis, and stemness. Metabolic alterations are another hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells are more dependent on glycolysis than on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for their energy production, even in the presence of oxygen. Cancer cells enhance other oncogenic metabolic pathways, such as glutamine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is regulated by the activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors that contribute to tumor progression. Oncogenic metabolism has been recently linked closely with the induction of EMT or CSC phenotypes by the induction of several metabolic enzyme genes. In addition, several transcription factors and molecules involved in EMT or CSCs, including Snail, Dlx-2, HIF-1α, STAT3, TGF-β, Wnt, and Akt, regulate oncogenic metabolism. Moreover, p53 induces metabolic change by directly regulating several metabolic enzymes. The collective data indicate the importance of oncogenic metabolism in the regulation of EMT, cell invasion and metastasis, and adoption of the CSC phenotype, which all contribute to malignant transformation and tumor development. In this review, we highlight the oncogenic metabolism as a key regulator of EMT and CSC, which is related with tumor progression involving metastasis and chemoresistance. Targeting oncometabolism might be a promising strategy for the development of effective anticancer therapy.
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104
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Lee M, Hirpara JL, Eu JQ, Sethi G, Wang L, Goh BC, Wong AL. Targeting STAT3 and oxidative phosphorylation in oncogene-addicted tumors. Redox Biol 2018; 25:101073. [PMID: 30594485 PMCID: PMC6859582 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance invariably limits the response of oncogene-addicted cancer cells to targeted therapy. The upregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been implicated as a mechanism of drug resistance in a range of oncogene-addicted cancers. However, the development of inhibitors against STAT3 has been fraught with challenges such as poor delivery or lack of specificity. Clinical experience with small molecule STAT3 inhibitors has seen efficacy signals, but this success has been tempered by drug limiting toxicities from off-target adverse events. It has emerged in recent years that, contrary to the Warburg theory, certain tumor types undergo metabolic reprogramming towards oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to satisfy their energy production. In particular, certain drug-resistant oncogene-addicted tumors have been found to rely on OXPHOS as a mechanism of survival. Multiple cellular signaling pathways converge on STAT3, hence the localization of STAT3 to the mitochondria may provide the link between oncogene-induced signaling pathways and cancer cell metabolism. In this article, we review the role of STAT3 and OXPHOS as targets of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring drug sensitivity in treatment-resistant oncogene-addicted tumor types. Apart from drugs which have been re-purposed as OXPHOS inhibitors for-anti-cancer therapy (e.g., metformin and phenformin), several novel compounds in the drug-development pipeline have demonstrated promising pre-clinical and clinical activity. However, the clinical development of OXPHOS inhibitors remains in its infancy. The further identification of compounds with acceptable toxicity profiles, alongside the discovery of robust companion biomarkers of OXPHOS inhibition, would represent tangible early steps in transforming the therapeutic landscape of cancer cell metabolism. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer. STAT3 and OXPHOS upregulation are resistance mechanisms in oncogene-addicted tumors. mSTAT3 has a role in the direct, non-transcriptional regulation of OXPHOS. Combining OXPHOS inhibitors with TKIs reverses resistance to targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore; Haematology-Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | | | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Boon-Cher Goh
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore; Haematology-Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea L Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore; Haematology-Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute, Singapore.
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105
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Jin Y, Sumsuzzman DM, Choi J, Kang H, Lee SR, Hong Y. Molecular and Functional Interaction of the Myokine Irisin with Physical Exercise and Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123229. [PMID: 30544500 PMCID: PMC6321132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Irisin, a skeletal muscle-secreted myokine, produced in response to physical exercise, has protective functions in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems, including the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factors. In particular, irisin is capable of protecting hippocampus. Since this area is the region of the brain that is most susceptible to Alzheimer's disease (AD), such beneficial effect may inhibit or delay the emergence of neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. Also, the factors engaged in irisin formation appear to suppress Aβ aggregation, which is the pathological hallmark of AD. This review is based on the hypothesis that irisin produced by physical exercise helps to control AD progression. Herein, we describe the physiology of irisin and its potential role in delaying or preventing AD progression in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunho Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Dewan Md Sumsuzzman
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Jeonghyun Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Hyunbon Kang
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang 50834, Korea.
| | - Yonggeun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
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106
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Byrnes CC, Jia W, Alshamrani AA, Kuppa SS, Murph MM. miR-122-5p Expression and Secretion in Melanoma Cells Is Amplified by the LPAR3 SH3–Binding Domain to Regulate Wnt1. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:299-309. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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107
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The implications of signaling lipids in cancer metastasis. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-10. [PMID: 30242145 PMCID: PMC6154999 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the most malignant stage of cancer. Lipid metabolic abnormalities are now increasingly recognized as characteristics of cancer cells. The accumulation of certain lipid species, such as signaling lipids, due to the avidity of lipid metabolism may be a causal factor of tumor malignant progression and metastatic behavior. In this review, we first describe signaling lipids implicated in cancer migration, invasion and metastasis. Next, we summarize the regulatory signaling hubs of lipid anabolic and catabolic metabolism. We then address lipid-rich circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the lipid composition of exosomes budded off from tumor cells. We also present advances in targeting the regulatory hubs of lipid metabolism and signaling lipids in cancer therapy. Given the complexity of metabolic disorders in cancer, the development of significant portfolios of approaches to target signaling lipids by the integration of multiple chemical modulations, as well as molecular imaging modalities, should offer promising strategies for cancer therapy. Lipid molecules with cellular signaling roles are increasingly recognized as playing a role in cancer metastasis, the dangerous spread of cancer cells beyond a primary tumor, and these lipids may offer new targets for anti-cancer treatments. Researchers in China led by Xiangjian Luo and Ya Cao at the Central South University in Changsha review the involvement of signaling lipids in cancer. The signaling lipids are a structurally diverse range of molecules that can regulate metabolic processes which become disrupted in cancer. They can act within cells and also when released from some cells to interact with others. Some of the lipids are released in tiny membrane-bound sacs called exosomes. Modifying the lipid content of exosomes, or purifying and then re-administering exosomes to deliver drugs, could offer promising options for developing novel treatments for cancer.
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108
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Li J, He Y, Tan Z, Lu J, Li L, Song X, Shi F, Xie L, You S, Luo X, Li N, Li Y, Liu X, Tang M, Weng X, Yi W, Fan J, Zhou J, Qiang G, Qiu S, Wu W, Bode AM, Cao Y. Wild-type IDH2 promotes the Warburg effect and tumor growth through HIF1α in lung cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4050-4061. [PMID: 30128035 PMCID: PMC6096397 DOI: 10.7150/thno.21524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hotspot mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) have been studied in several cancers. However, the function of wild-type IDH2 in lung cancer and the mechanism of its contribution to growth of cancer cells remain unknown. Here, we explored the role and mechanism of wild-type IDH2 in promoting growth of lung cancer. Methods: Information regarding genomic and clinical application focusing on IDH2 in cancer was examined in several databases of more than 1,000 tumor samples. IDH2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in tissues from lung cancer patients. The biological functions of IDH2 were evaluated by using cell-based assays and in vivo xenograft mouse models. Results: Here we reported that wild-type IDH2 is up-regulated and is an indicator of poor survival in lung cancer and several other cancers. Targeting IDH2 with shRNA resulted in decreased HIF1α expression, leading to the attenuation of lung cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. Treatment of lung cancer cells with AGI-6780 (a small molecule inhibitor of IDH2), PX-478 (an inhibitor of HIF1α) or incubation with octyl-α-KG inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion: IDH2 promotes the Warburg effect and lung cancer cell growth, which is mediated through HIF1α activation followed by decreased α-KG. Therefore, IDH2 could possibly serve as a novel therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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109
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The Nutrient-Sensing Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway as the Hub of Cancer Metabolic Rewiring. Cells 2018; 7:cells7060053. [PMID: 29865240 PMCID: PMC6025041 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glucose and glutamine utilizing pathways and in fatty acid metabolism are currently considered the most significant and prevalent metabolic changes observed in almost all types of tumors. Glucose, glutamine and fatty acids are the substrates for the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). This metabolic pathway generates the “sensing molecule” UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). UDP-GlcNAc is the substrate for the enzymes involved in protein N- and O-glycosylation, two important post-translational modifications (PTMs) identified in several proteins localized in the extracellular space, on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. Since protein glycosylation controls several key aspects of cell physiology, aberrant protein glycosylation has been associated with different human diseases, including cancer. Here we review recent evidence indicating the tight association between the HBP flux and cell metabolism, with particular emphasis on the post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms regulated by the HBP that may cause the metabolic rewiring observed in cancer. We describe the implications of both protein O- and N-glycosylation in cancer cell metabolism and bioenergetics; focusing our attention on the effect of these PTMs on nutrient transport and on the transcriptional regulation and function of cancer-specific metabolic pathways.
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110
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Yang S, Hwang S, Jang J, Kim M, Gwak J, Jeong SM. PGC1α is required for the induction of contact inhibition by suppressing ROS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:739-744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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111
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Shen L, Sun B, Sheng J, Yu S, Li Y, Xu H, Su J, Sun L. PGC1α promotes cisplatin resistance in human ovarian carcinoma cells through upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:404-416. [PMID: 29749474 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of lesions in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA by cisplatin is only a small component of its cytostatic/cytotoxic activity. The signaling pathway network in the nucleus and cytoplasm may contribute to chemotherapeutic resistance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivator 1α (PGC1α)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis regulates mitochondrial structural and the functional adaptive response against chemotherapeutic stress, and may be a therapeutic target. However, this regulatory network is complex and depends upon tumor types and environments, which require further investigation. Our previous study found that cisplatin-resistant ovarian epithelial carcinoma was more dependent on mitochondrial aerobic oxidation to support their growth, suggesting the association between mitochondrial function and chemotherapeutic resistance. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the expression of PGC1α and level of mitochondrial biogenesis were higher in cisplatin-resistant SKOV3/DDP cells compared with cisplatin-sensitive SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, SKOV3/DDP cells upregulated the expression of PGC1α and maintained mitochondrial structural and functional integrity through mitochondrial biogenesis under cisplatin stress. Inhibiting the expression of PGC1α using short hairpin RNA led to the downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and high levels of apoptosis in the SKOV3/DDP cells, and cisplatin resistance was reversed in the PGC1α-deficient SKOV3/DDP cells. Collectively, the present study provided evidence that cisplatin stimulated the expression of PGC1α and the upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis through PGC1α, promoting cell viability and inhibiting apoptosis in response to cisplatin treatment, thus triggering cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Boyang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Sihang Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Huadan Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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112
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Marchetti P, Trinh A, Khamari R, Kluza J. Melanoma metabolism contributes to the cellular responses to MAPK/ERK pathway inhibitors. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:999-1005. [PMID: 29413908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides its influence on survival, growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, cancer cell metabolism also greatly influences the cellular responses to molecular-targeted therapies. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW To review the recent advances in elucidating the metabolic effects of BRAF and MEK inhibitors (clinical inhibitors of the MAPK/ERK pathway) in melanoma and discuss the underlying mechanisms involved in the way metabolism can influence melanoma cell death and resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors. We also underlined the therapeutic perspectives in terms of innovative drug combinations. MAJOR CONCLUSION BRAF and MEK inhibitors inhibit aerobic glycolysis and induce high levels of metabolic stress leading to effective cell death by apoptosis in BRAF-mutated cancer cells. An increase in mitochondrial metabolism is required to survive to MAPK/ERK pathway inhibitors and the sub-population of cells that survives to these inhibitors are characterized by mitochondrial OXPHOS phenotype. Consequently, mitochondrial inhibition could be combined with oncogenic "drivers" inhibitors of the MAPK/ERK pathway for improving the efficacy of molecular-targeted therapy. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Metabolism is a key component of the melanoma response to BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors. Mitochondrial targeting may offer novel therapeutic approaches to overwhelm the mitochondrial addiction that limits the efficacy of BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors. These therapeutic approaches might be quickly applicable to the clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Marchetti
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, 1, Place Verdun, 59045 Cedex, France; SIRIC ONCOLILLE, France; Banque de Tissus Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire CHRU Lille, Lille Cedex, France.
| | - Anne Trinh
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, 1, Place Verdun, 59045 Cedex, France; SIRIC ONCOLILLE, France
| | - Raeeka Khamari
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, 1, Place Verdun, 59045 Cedex, France; SIRIC ONCOLILLE, France
| | - Jerome Kluza
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, 1, Place Verdun, 59045 Cedex, France; SIRIC ONCOLILLE, France
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113
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The role of compartmentalized signaling pathways in the control of mitochondrial activities in cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:293-302. [PMID: 29673970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the powerhouse organelles present in all eukaryotic cells. They play a fundamental role in cell respiration, survival and metabolism. Stimulation of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) by dedicated ligands and consequent activation of the cAMP·PKA pathway finely couple energy production and metabolism to cell growth and survival. Compartmentalization of PKA signaling at mitochondria by A-Kinase Anchor Proteins (AKAPs) ensures efficient transduction of signals generated at the cell membrane to the organelles, controlling important aspects of mitochondrial biology. Emerging evidence implicates mitochondria as essential bioenergetic elements of cancer cells that promote and support tumor growth and metastasis. In this context, mitochondria provide the building blocks for cellular organelles, cytoskeleton and membranes, and supply all the metabolic needs for the expansion and dissemination of actively replicating cancer cells. Functional interference with mitochondrial activity deeply impacts on cancer cell survival and proliferation. Therefore, mitochondria represent valuable targets of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer patients. Understanding the biology of mitochondria, uncovering the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial activity andmapping the relevant metabolic and signaling networks operating in cancer cells will undoubtly contribute to create a molecular platform to be used for the treatment of proliferative disorders. Here, we will highlight the emerging roles of signaling pathways acting downstream to GPCRs and their intersection with the ubiquitin proteasome system in the control of mitochondrial activity in different aspects of cancer cell biology.
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114
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Li JJ, Li R, Wang W, Zhang B, Song X, Zhang C, Gao Y, Liao Q, He Y, You S, Tan Z, Luo X, Li Y, Tang M, Weng X, Yi W, Peng S, Liu S, Tan Y, Bode AM, Cao Y. IDH2 is a novel diagnostic and prognostic serum biomarker for non-small-cell lung cancer. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:602-610. [PMID: 29465809 PMCID: PMC5928355 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Late diagnosis contributes to a high mortality rate and poor survival of this cancer. In our previous study, we found that IDH2 polymorphism rs11540478 is a risk factor for lung cancer. Here, we examined IDH2 protein expression in culture medium in which two non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, H460 and A549, were growing. We found that the IDH2 protein was elevated in the culture supernatant fraction in a time‐ and cell number‐dependent manner. Next, we used ELISA methods to examine IDH2 protein level in serum from patients with NSCLC and healthy controls. We found that IDH2 protein levels in serum could distinguish NSCLC patients from healthy controls with an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.83 (95% confidence interval = 0.79–0.88). The IDH2 level was decreased in serum from NSCLC postsurgical patients compared with the paired presurgical serum. High serum IDH2 levels appear to correlate with poor survival in patients with NSCLC. These results suggest that IDH2 levels in the serum could be a new effective biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ruilei Li
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- The 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Baihua Zhang
- The 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Song
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ya He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Shuo You
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheqiong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxian Weng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Shifang Peng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaohui Liu
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Changsha, China
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115
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Tan Z, Xiao L, Tang M, Bai F, Li J, Li L, Shi F, Li N, Li Y, Du Q, Lu J, Weng X, Yi W, Zhang H, Fan J, Zhou J, Gao Q, Onuchic JN, Bode AM, Luo X, Cao Y. Targeting CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidation sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma to radiation therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2329-2347. [PMID: 29721083 PMCID: PMC5928893 DOI: 10.7150/thno.21451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a particularly high prevalence in southern China, southeastern Asia and northern Africa. Radiation resistance remains a serious obstacle to successful treatment in NPC. This study aimed to explore the metabolic feature of radiation-resistant NPC cells and identify new molecular-targeted agents to improve the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy in NPC. Methods: Radiation-responsive and radiation-resistant NPC cells were used as the model system in vitro and in vivo. Metabolomics approach was used to illustrate the global metabolic changes. 13C isotopomer tracing experiment and Seahorse XF analysis were undertaken to determine the activity of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of essential FAO genes including CPT1A. NPC tumor tissue microarray was used to investigate the prognostic role of CPT1A. Either RNA interference or pharmacological blockade by Etomoxir were used to inhibit CPT1A. Radiation resistance was evaluated by colony formation assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis and neutral lipid content were measured by flow cytometry analysis using JC-1, Annexin V and LipidTOX Red probe respectively. Molecular markers of mitochondrial apoptosis were detected by western blot. Xenografts were treated with Etomoxir, radiation, or a combination of Etomoxir and radiation. Mitochondrial apoptosis and lipid droplets content of tumor tissues were detected by cleaved caspase 9 and Oil Red O staining respectively. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry approach was used to identify CPT1A-binding proteins. The interaction of CPT1A and Rab14 were detected by immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and in situ proximity ligation analysis. Fragment docking and direct coupling combined computational protein-protein interaction prediction method were used to predict the binding interface. Fatty acid trafficking was measured by pulse-chase assay using BODIPY C16 and MitoTracker Red probe. Results: FAO was active in radiation-resistant NPC cells, and the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 A (CPT1A), was consistently up-regulated in these cells. The protein level of CPT1A was significantly associated with poor overall survival of NPC patients following radiotherapy. Inhibition of CPT1A re-sensitized NPC cells to radiation therapy by activating mitochondrial apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we identified Rab14 as a novel CPT1A binding protein. The CPT1A-Rab14 interaction facilitated fatty acid trafficking from lipid droplets to mitochondria, which decreased radiation-induced lipid accumulation and maximized ATP production. Knockdown of Rab14 attenuated CPT1A-mediated fatty acid trafficking and radiation resistance. Conclusion: An active FAO is a vital signature of NPC radiation resistance. Targeting CPT1A could be a beneficial regimen to improve the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy in NPC patients. Importantly, the CPT1A-Rab14 interaction plays roles in CPT1A-mediated radiation resistance by facilitating fatty acid trafficking. This interaction could be an attractive interface for the discovery of novel CPT1A inhibitors.
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116
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Kumar A, Giri S, Shaha C. Sestrin2 facilitates glutamine-dependent transcription of PGC-1α and survival of liver cancer cells under glucose limitation. FEBS J 2018; 285:1326-1345. [PMID: 29436167 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Differential utilization of metabolites and metabolic plasticity can confer adaptation to cancer cells under metabolic stress. Glutamine is one of the vital and versatile nutrients that cancer cells consume avidly for their proliferation, and therefore mechanisms related to glutamine metabolism have been identified as targets. Recently, sestrin2 (SESN2), a stress-inducible protein, has been reported to regulate survival in glutamine-depleted cancer cells; based on this, we explored if SESN2 could regulate glutamine metabolism during glucose starvation. This report highlights the role of SESN2 in the regulation of glutamine-dependent activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis marker peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) under glucose scarcity in liver cancer cells (HepG2). We demonstrate that down-regulation of SESN2 induces a decrease in the levels of intracellular glutamine and PGC-1α under glucose deprivation, concomitant with a decline in cell survival, but no effect was observed on the invasive or migration potential of the cells. Under similar metabolic conditions, SESN2 forms a complex with c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1). Absence of SESN2 or inhibition of JNK reduces nuclear translocation of FOXO1, consequently causing transcriptional inhibition of PGC-1α. Notably, our observations demonstrate a reduction in cell viability under high glutamine and low glucose conditions during SESN2 down-regulation that could be rescued on JNK inhibition. To recover from acetaminophen-induced mitochondrial damage, SESN2 was crucial for glutamine-mediated activation of PGC-1α in HepG2 cells. Collectively, we demonstrate a novel role of SESN2 in mediating activation of PGC-1α by modulating glutamine metabolism that facilitates cancer cell survival under glucose-limited metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Cell Death and Differentiation Research Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sagnik Giri
- Cell Death and Differentiation Research Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandrima Shaha
- Cell Death and Differentiation Research Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
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117
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PGC1α: Friend or Foe in Cancer? Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9010048. [PMID: 29361779 PMCID: PMC5793199 DOI: 10.3390/genes9010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The PGC1 family (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivators) of transcriptional coactivators are considered master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. The PGC1α isoform is expressed especially in metabolically active tissues, such as the liver, kidneys and brain, and responds to energy-demanding situations. Given the altered and highly adaptable metabolism of tumor cells, it is of interest to investigate PGC1α in cancer. Both high and low levels of PGC1α expression have been reported to be associated with cancer and worse prognosis, and PGC1α has been attributed with oncogenic as well as tumor suppressive features. Early in carcinogenesis PGC1α may be downregulated due to a protective anticancer role, and low levels likely reflect a glycolytic phenotype. We suggest mechanisms of PGC1α downregulation and how these might be connected to the increased cancer risk that obesity is now known to entail. Later in tumor progression PGC1α is often upregulated and is reported to contribute to increased lipid and fatty acid metabolism and/or a tumor cell phenotype with an overall metabolic plasticity that likely supports drug resistance as well as metastasis. We conclude that in cancer PGC1α is neither friend nor foe, but rather the obedient servant reacting to metabolic and environmental cues to benefit the tumor cell.
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118
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Targeting of stress response pathways in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:583-602. [PMID: 29339119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hallmarks of tumor tissue are not only genetic aberrations but also the presence of metabolic and oxidative stress as a result of hypoxia and lactic acidosis. The stress activates several prosurvival pathways including metabolic remodeling, autophagy, antioxidant response, mitohormesis, and glutaminolysis, whose upregulation in tumors is associated with a poor survival of patients, while their activation in healthy tissue with statins, metformin, physical activity, and natural compounds prevents carcinogenesis. This review emphasizes the dual role of stress response pathways in cancer and suggests the integrative understanding as a basis for the development of rational therapy targeting the stress response.
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119
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Lin Z, Xu HN, Wang Y, Floros J, Li LZ. Differential Expression of PGC1α in Intratumor Redox Subpopulations of Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1072:177-181. [PMID: 30178342 PMCID: PMC6429950 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicate that the mitochondrial redox state and its intratumor heterogeneity are associated with invasiveness and metastatic potential in human breast cancer cell models and mouse xenografts. To further study the molecular basis of redox heterogeneity, we obtained the fluorescence images of Fp (oxidized flavoproteins containing flavin adenine dinucleotide, i.e., FAD), NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), and the Fp redox ratio (FpR = Fp/(Fp + NADH)) of MDA-MB-231 xenografts by the Chance redox scanner, then isolated the intratumoral redox subpopulations by dissection according to the redox ratio image. A total of 12 subpopulations were isolated from 4 tumors (2-4 locations from each tumor). The 12 subpopulations were classified into 3 FpR groups: high FpR (HFpR, n = 4, FpR range 0.78-0.92, average 0.85), medium FpR (MFpR, n = 5, FpR range 0.39-0.68, average 0.52), and low FpR (LFpR, n = 3, FpR range 0.15-0.28, average 0.20). The RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) analysis on these redox subpopulations showed that PGC-1α is significantly upregulated in the HFpR redox group compared to the MFpR group (fold change 2.1, p = 0.008), but not significantly different between MFpR and LFpR groups, or between HFpR and LFpR groups. These results indicate that optical redox imaging (ORI)-based redox subpopulations exhibit differential expression of PGC1α gene and suggest that PGC1α might play a role in redox mediation of breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Lin
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - He N Xu
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yunhua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Lin Z Li
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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120
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Kalyanaraman B, Cheng G, Hardy M, Ouari O, Bennett B, Zielonka J. Teaching the basics of reactive oxygen species and their relevance to cancer biology: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species detection, redox signaling, and targeted therapies. Redox Biol 2017; 15:347-362. [PMID: 29306792 PMCID: PMC5756055 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in tumorigenesis (tumor initiation, tumor progression, and metastasis). Of the many cellular sources of ROS generation, the mitochondria and the NADPH oxidase family of enzymes are possibly the most prevalent intracellular sources. In this article, we discuss the methodologies to detect mitochondria-derived superoxide and hydrogen peroxide using conventional probes as well as newly developed assays and probes, and the necessity of characterizing the diagnostic marker products with HPLC and LC-MS in order to rigorously identify the oxidizing species. The redox signaling roles of mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial thiol peroxidases, and transcription factors in response to mitochondria-targeted drugs are highlighted. ROS generation and ROS detoxification in drug-resistant cancer cells and the relationship to metabolic reprogramming are discussed. Understanding the subtle role of ROS in redox signaling and in tumor proliferation, progression, and metastasis as well as the molecular and cellular mechanisms (e.g., autophagy) could help in the development of combination therapies. The paradoxical aspects of antioxidants in cancer treatment are highlighted in relation to the ROS mechanisms in normal and cancer cells. Finally, the potential uses of newly synthesized exomarker probes for in vivo superoxide and hydrogen peroxide detection and the low-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance technique for monitoring oxidant production in tumor tissues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ CNRS ICR UMR 7273, Marseille 13013, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix Marseille Univ CNRS ICR UMR 7273, Marseille 13013, France
| | - Brian Bennett
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, 540 North 15th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, United States
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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121
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PGC-1alpha levels correlate with survival in patients with stage III NSCLC and may define a new biomarker to metabolism-targeted therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16661. [PMID: 29192176 PMCID: PMC5709355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with one-third diagnosed with locally advanced (stage III) disease. Preoperative induction chemo-radiotherapy is key for the treatment of these patients, however conventional cisplatin based approaches has apparently reached a plateau of effectiveness. In the search for new therapies, the targeting of tumor metabolism is revealed as an interesting option to improve the patient’s responses. Here we describe the importance of PGC-1alpha and GAPDH/MT-CO1 ratio levels as surrogates of the Warburg effect from a series of 28 stage III NSCLC patients, on PFS, OS and PET uptake. Moreover, our results show a great variability between tumors of different individuals, ranging from very glycolytic to more OXPHOS-dependent tumors, which compromises the success of therapies directed to metabolism. In this sense, using 3 different cell lines, we describe the relevance of Warburg effect on the response to metabolism-targeted therapies. Specifically, we show that the inhibitory effect of metformin on cell viability depends on cell’s dependence on the OXPHOS system. The results on cell lines, together with the results of PGC-1alpha and GAPDH/MT-CO1 as biomarkers on patient’s biopsies, would point out what type of patients would benefit more from the use of these drugs.
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122
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Martinez-Carreres L, Nasrallah A, Fajas L. Cancer: Linking Powerhouses to Suicidal Bags. Front Oncol 2017; 7:204. [PMID: 28932704 PMCID: PMC5592205 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-bound organelles are integrated into cellular networks and work together for a common goal: regulating cell metabolism, cell signaling pathways, cell fate, cellular maintenance, and pathogen defense. Many of these interactions are well established, but little is known about the interplay between mitochondria and lysosomes, and their deregulation in cancer. The present review focuses on the common signaling pathways of both organelles, as well as the processes in which they both physically interact, their changes under pathological conditions, and the impact on targeting those organelles for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Martinez-Carreres
- Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anita Nasrallah
- Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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123
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Cytoprotective Effect of the UCP2-SIRT3 Signaling Pathway by Decreasing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071599. [PMID: 28737710 PMCID: PMC5536086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovered blood supply after cerebral ischemia for a certain period of time fails to restore brain function, with more severe dysfunctional problems developing, called cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIR). CIR involves several extremely complex pathophysiological processes in which the interactions between key factors at various stages have not been fully elucidated. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most important mechanisms of CIR. The mitochondrial deacetylase, sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), can inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress by deacetylation, to maintain mitochondrial stability. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) regulates ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and reactive oxygen species production by affecting the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which may play a protective role in CIR. Finally, we propose that UCP2 regulates the activity of SIRT3 through sensing the energy level and, in turn, maintaining the mitochondrial steady state, which demonstrates a cytoprotective effect on CIR.
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124
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Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y, Guillevin R, Vallée JN. Thermodynamics in Gliomas: Interactions between the Canonical WNT/Beta-Catenin Pathway and PPAR Gamma. Front Physiol 2017; 8:352. [PMID: 28620312 PMCID: PMC5451860 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas cells are the site of numerous metabolic and thermodynamics abnormalities with an increasing entropy rate which is characteristic of irreversible processes driven by changes in Gibbs energy, heat production, intracellular acidity, membrane potential gradient, and ionic conductance. We focus our review on the opposing interactions observed in glioma between the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway and PPAR gamma and their metabolic and thermodynamic implications. In gliomas, WNT/beta-catenin pathway is upregulated while PPAR gamma is downregulated. Upregulation of WNT/beta-catenin signaling induces changes in key metabolic enzyme that modify their thermodynamics behavior. This leads to activation pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1(PDK-1) and monocarboxylate lactate transporter 1 (MCT-1). Consequently, phosphorylation of PDK-1 inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH). Thus, a large part of pyruvate cannot be converted into acetyl-CoA in mitochondria and in TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle. This leads to aerobic glycolysis despite the availability of oxygen, named Warburg effect. Cytoplasmic pyruvate is, in major part, converted into lactate. The WNT/beta-catenin pathway induces also the transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation, cell invasiveness, nucleotide synthesis, tumor growth, and angiogenesis, such as c-Myc, cyclin D1, PDK. In addition, in gliomas cells, PPAR gamma is downregulated, leading to a decrease in insulin sensitivity and an increase in neuroinflammation. Moreover, PPAR gamma contributes to regulate some key circadian genes. Abnormalities in the regulation of circadian rhythms and dysregulation in circadian clock genes are observed in gliomas. Circadian rhythms are dissipative structures, which play a key role in far-from-equilibrium thermodynamics through their interactions with WNT/beta-catenin pathway and PPAR gamma. In gliomas, metabolism, thermodynamics, and circadian rhythms are tightly interrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Experimental and Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1084, University of PoitiersPoitiers, France
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications, UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7348, Université de PoitiersPoitiers, France
| | | | - Rémy Guillevin
- DACTIM, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications, Université de Poitiers et CHU de Poitiers, UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7348, SP2MIFuturoscope, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications, UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7348, Université de PoitiersPoitiers, France
- CHU Amiens Picardie, Université Picardie Jules VerneAmiens, France
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125
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Beane J, Mazzilli SA, Tassinari AM, Liu G, Zhang X, Liu H, Buncio AD, Dhillon SS, Platero SJ, Lenburg ME, Reid ME, Lam S, Spira AE. Detecting the Presence and Progression of Premalignant Lung Lesions via Airway Gene Expression. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5091-5100. [PMID: 28533227 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The molecular events preceding the onset of disease are poorly understood, and no effective tools exist to identify smokers with premalignant lesions (PMLs) that will progress to invasive cancer. Prior work identified molecular alterations in the smoke-exposed airway field of injury associated with lung cancer. Here, we focus on an earlier stage in the disease process leveraging the airway field of injury to study PMLs and its utility in lung cancer chemoprevention.Experimental Design: Bronchial epithelial cells from normal appearing bronchial mucosa were profiled by mRNA-Seq from subjects with (n = 50) and without (n = 25) PMLs. Using surrogate variable and gene set enrichment analysis, we identified genes, pathways, and lung cancer-related gene sets differentially expressed between subjects with and without PMLs. A computational pipeline was developed to build and test a chemoprevention-relevant biomarker.Results: We identified 280 genes in the airway field associated with the presence of PMLs. Among the upregulated genes, oxidative phosphorylation was strongly enriched, and IHC and bioenergetics studies confirmed pathway findings in PMLs. The relationship between PMLs and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) was also confirmed using published lung cancer datasets. The biomarker performed well predicting the presence of PMLs (AUC = 0.92, n = 17), and changes in the biomarker score associated with progression/stability versus regression of PMLs (AUC = 0.75, n = 51).Conclusions: Transcriptomic alterations in the airway field of smokers with PMLs reflect metabolic and early lung SCC alterations and may be leveraged to stratify smokers at high risk for PML progression and monitor outcome in chemoprevention trials. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5091-100. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Beane
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Sarah A Mazzilli
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anna M Tassinari
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hanqiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anne Dy Buncio
- Department of Medicine, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Samjot S Dhillon
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Suso J Platero
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc E Lenburg
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary E Reid
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Medicine, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Avrum E Spira
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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126
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Thermodynamics in cancers: opposing interactions between PPAR gamma and the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway. Clin Transl Med 2017; 6:14. [PMID: 28405929 PMCID: PMC5389954 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-017-0144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are the site of numerous metabolic and thermodynamic abnormalities. We focus this review on the interactions between the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) in cancers and their implications from an energetic and metabolic point of view. In numerous tissues, PPAR gamma activation induces inhibition of beta-catenin pathway, while the activation of the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway inactivates PPAR gamma. In most cancers but not all, PPAR gamma is downregulated while the WNT/beta-catenin pathway is upregulated. In cancer cells, upregulation of the WNT/beta-catenin signaling induces dramatic changes in key metabolic enzymes that modify their thermodynamic behavior. This leads to activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase1 (PDK-1) and monocarboxylate lactate transporter. Consequently, phosphorylation of PDK-1 inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH). Thus, a large part of pyruvate cannot be converted into acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) in mitochondria and only a part of acetyl-CoA can enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This leads to aerobic glycolysis in spite of the availability of oxygen. This phenomenon is referred to as the Warburg effect. Cytoplasmic pyruvate is converted into lactate. The WNT/beta-catenin pathway induces the transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation, i.e., MYC and CYCLIN D1. This ultimately promotes the nucleotide, protein and lipid synthesis necessary for cell growth and multiplication. In cancer, activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway induces an increase of the aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, prostaglandin E2 by activating the canonical WNT pathway plays also a role in cancer. In addition in many cancer cells, PPAR gamma is downregulated. Moreover, PPAR gamma contributes to regulate some key circadian genes. In cancers, abnormalities in the regulation of circadian rhythms (CRs) are observed. CRs are dissipative structures which play a key-role in far-from-equilibrium thermodynamics. In cancers, metabolism, thermodynamics and CRs are intimately interrelated.
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Hill KS, Kim M. Decision to grow or to invade is at the flick of metabolic switch, PGC1α. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 30:179-180. [PMID: 27863025 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Vyas S, Zaganjor E, Haigis MC. Mitochondria and Cancer. Cell 2016; 166:555-566. [PMID: 27471965 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1092] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles that are integral in stress sensing to allow for cellular adaptation to the environment. Therefore, it is not surprising that mitochondria are important mediators of tumorigenesis, as this process requires flexibility to adapt to cellular and environmental alterations in addition to cancer treatments. Multiple aspects of mitochondrial biology beyond bioenergetics support transformation, including mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover, fission and fusion dynamics, cell death susceptibility, oxidative stress regulation, metabolism, and signaling. Thus, understanding mechanisms of mitochondrial function during tumorigenesis will be critical for the next generation of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal Vyas
- Department of Cell Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elma Zaganjor
- Department of Cell Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Luo X, Li N, Zhong J, Tan Z, Liu Y, Dong X, Cheng C, Xu Z, Li H, Yang L, Tang M, Weng X, Yi W, Liu J, Cao Y. Grifolin inhibits tumor cells adhesion and migration via suppressing interplay between PGC1α and Fra-1 / LSF- MMP2 / CD44 axes. Oncotarget 2016; 7:68708-68720. [PMID: 27626695 PMCID: PMC5356584 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Grifolin, a farnesyl phenolic compound isolated from the fresh fruiting bodies of the mushroom Albatrellus confluens, exhibits effective antitumor bioactivity in previous study of our group and other lab. In this study, we observed that grifolin inhibited tumor cells adhesion and migration. Moreover, grifolin reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and caused cellular ATP depletion in high-metastatic tumor cells. PGC1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, coactivator 1α) encodes a transcriptional co-activator involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration and play a critical role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Interestingly, grifolin suppressed the mRNA as well as protein level of PGC1α. We further identified that MMP2 and CD44 expressions were PGC1α inducible. PGC1α can bind with metastatic-associated transcription factors: Fra-1 and LSF and the protein-protein interaction was attenuated by grifolin treatment. Overall, these findings suggest that grifolin decreased ROS generation and intracellular ATP to suppress tumor cell adhesion/migration via impeding the interplay between PGC1α and Fra-1 /LSF-MMP2/CD44 axes. Grifolin may develop as a promising lead compound for antitumor therapies by targeting energy metabolism regulator PGC1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Namei Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Juanfang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zheqiong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Can Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Hongde Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Lifang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xinxian Weng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jikai Liu
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central University For Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
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Cheng J, Zhang T, Ji H, Tao K, Guo J, Wei W. Functional characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling in tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1866:232-251. [PMID: 27681874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a ubiquitously expressed metabolic sensor among various species. Specifically, cellular AMPK is phosphorylated and activated under certain stressful conditions, such as energy deprivation, in turn to activate diversified downstream substrates to modulate the adaptive changes and maintain metabolic homeostasis. Recently, emerging evidences have implicated the potential roles of AMPK signaling in tumor initiation and progression. Nevertheless, a comprehensive description on such topic is still in scarcity, especially in combination of its biochemical features with mouse modeling results to elucidate the physiological role of AMPK signaling in tumorigenesis. Hence, we performed this thorough review by summarizing the tumorigenic role of each component along the AMPK signaling, comprising of both its upstream and downstream effectors. Moreover, their functional interplay with the AMPK heterotrimer and exclusive efficacies in carcinogenesis were chiefly explained among genetically altered mice models. Importantly, the pharmaceutical investigations of AMPK relevant medications have also been highlighted. In summary, in this review, we not only elucidate the potential functions of AMPK signaling pathway in governing tumorigenesis, but also potentiate the future targeted strategy aiming for better treatment of aberrant metabolism-associated diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hongbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Chae YC, Kim JH. Insulin response to glucose and glucose tolerance following feeding in sheep. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984; 51:319-326. [PMID: 29764565 PMCID: PMC6089865 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.7.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that cancer stem cell (CSC) theory represents an important mechanism underlying the observed failure of existing therapeutic modalities to fully eradicate cancers. In addition to their more established role in maintaining minimal residual disease after treatment and forming the new bulk of the tumor, CSCs might also critically contribute to tumor recurrence and metastasis. For this reason, specific elimination of CSCs may thus represent one of the most important treatment strategies. Emerging evidence has shown that CSCs have a different metabolic phenotype to that of differentiated bulk tumor cells, and these specific metabolic activities directly participate in the process of CSC transformation or support the biological processes that enable tumor progression. Exploring the role of CSC metabolism and the mechanism of the metabolic plasticity of CSCs has become a major focus in current cancer research. The targeting of CSC metabolism may provide new effective therapies to reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the most significant discoveries regarding the metabolism of CSCs and highlight recent approaches in targeting CSC metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Chan Chae
- School of Life Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919,
Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50621,
Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50621,
Korea
- Corresponding author. Tel: +82-51-510-8073; Fax: +82-51-510-8076; E-mail:
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