101
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Xiong W, Jiang YX, Ai YQ, Liu S, Wu XR, Cui JG, Qin JY, Liu Y, Xia YX, Ju YH, He WJ, Wang Y, Li YF, Hou Y, Wang L, Li WH. Microarray Analysis of Long Non-coding RNA Expression Profile Associated with 5-Fluorouracil-Based Chemoradiation Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:3395-402. [PMID: 25921151 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.8.3395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemoradiotherapy is a standard treatment for locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, CRC cells often develop chemoradiation resistance (CRR). Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays critical roles in a myriad of biological processes and human diseases, as well as chemotherapy resistance. Since the roles of lncRNAs in 5-FU-based CRR in human CRC cells remain unknown, they were investigated in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 5-FU-based concurrent CRR cell model was established using human CRC cell line HCT116. Microarray expression profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs was undertaken in parental HCT116 and 5-FU-based CRR cell lines. RESULTS In total, 2,662 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 2,398 mRNAs were identified in 5-FU-based CRR HCT116 cells when compared with those in parental HCT116. Moreover, 6 lncRNAs and 6 mRNAs found to be differentially expressed were validated by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis for the differentially expressed mRNAs indicated involvement of many, such as Jak- STAT, PI3K-Akt and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. To better understand the molecular basis of 5-FU-based CRR in CRC cells, correlated expression networks were constructed based on 8 intergenic lncRNAs and their nearby coding genes. CONCLUSIONS Changes in lncRNA expression are involved in 5-FU-based CRR in CRC cells. These findings may provide novel insight for the prognosis and prediction of response to therapy in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China E-mail :
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102
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that are changing how researchers view eukaryotic gene regulation. Once considered to be non-functional products of low-level aberrant transcription from non-coding regions of the genome, lncRNAs are now viewed as important epigenetic regulators and several lncRNAs have now been demonstrated to be critical players in the development and/or maintenance of cancer. Similarly, the emerging variety of interactions between lncRNAs and MYC, a well-known oncogenic transcription factor linked to most types of cancer, have caught the attention of many biomedical researchers. Investigations exploring the dynamic interactions between lncRNAs and MYC, referred to as the lncRNA-MYC network, have proven to be especially complex. Genome-wide studies have shown that MYC transcriptionally regulates many lncRNA genes. Conversely, recent reports identified lncRNAs that regulate MYC expression both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. These findings are of particular interest because they suggest roles of lncRNAs as regulators of MYC oncogenic functions and the possibility that targeting lncRNAs could represent a novel avenue to cancer treatment. Here, we briefly review the current understanding of how lncRNAs regulate chromatin structure and gene transcription, and then focus on the new developments in the emerging field exploring the lncRNA-MYC network in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Matthew D. Young
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Silvia Sauer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Ernest Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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103
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Rennoll S, Yochum G. Regulation of MYC gene expression by aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer. World J Biol Chem 2015; 6:290-300. [PMID: 26629312 PMCID: PMC4657124 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v6.i4.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls intestinal homeostasis and mutations in components of this pathway are prevalent in human colorectal cancers (CRCs). These mutations lead to inappropriate expression of genes controlled by Wnt responsive DNA elements (WREs). T-cell factor/Lymphoid enhancer factor transcription factors bind WREs and recruit the β-catenin transcriptional co-activator to activate target gene expression. Deregulated expression of the c-MYC proto-oncogene (MYC) by aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling drives colorectal carcinogenesis. In this review, we discuss the current literature pertaining to the identification and characterization of WREs that control oncogenic MYC expression in CRCs. A common theme has emerged whereby these WREs often map distally to the MYC genomic locus and control MYC gene expression through long-range chromatin loops with the MYC proximal promoter. We propose that by determining which of these WREs is critical for CRC pathogenesis, novel strategies can be developed to treat individuals suffering from this disease.
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104
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Li JR, Sun CH, Li W, Chao RF, Huang CC, Zhou XJ, Liu CC. Cancer RNA-Seq Nexus: a database of phenotype-specific transcriptome profiling in cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:D944-51. [PMID: 26602695 PMCID: PMC4702907 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome-wide transcriptome profiling of cancerous and normal tissue samples can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of cancer initiation and progression. RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a revolutionary tool that has been used extensively in cancer research. However, no existing RNA-Seq database provides all of the following features: (i) large-scale and comprehensive data archives and analyses, including coding-transcript profiling, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) profiling and coexpression networks; (ii) phenotype-oriented data organization and searching and (iii) the visualization of expression profiles, differential expression and regulatory networks. We have constructed the first public database that meets these criteria, the Cancer RNA-Seq Nexus (CRN, http://syslab4.nchu.edu.tw/CRN). CRN has a user-friendly web interface designed to facilitate cancer research and personalized medicine. It is an open resource for intuitive data exploration, providing coding-transcript/lncRNA expression profiles to support researchers generating new hypotheses in cancer research and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Li
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hu Sun
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Rou-Fang Chao
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Xianghong Jasmine Zhou
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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105
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Ragusa M, Barbagallo C, Statello L, Condorelli AG, Battaglia R, Tamburello L, Barbagallo D, Di Pietro C, Purrello M. Non-coding landscapes of colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11709-11739. [PMID: 26556998 PMCID: PMC4631972 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For two decades Vogelstein’s model has been the paradigm for describing the sequence of molecular changes within protein-coding genes that would lead to overt colorectal cancer (CRC). This model is now too simplistic in the light of recent studies, which have shown that our genome is pervasively transcribed in RNAs other than mRNAs, denominated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The discovery that mutations in genes encoding these RNAs [i.e., microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs] are causally involved in cancer phenotypes has profoundly modified our vision of tumour molecular genetics and pathobiology. By exploiting a wide range of different mechanisms, ncRNAs control fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis: these data have also confirmed their role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cancer development and progression. The existence of a sophisticated RNA-based regulatory system, which dictates the correct functioning of protein-coding networks, has relevant biological and biomedical consequences. Different miRNAs involved in neoplastic and degenerative diseases exhibit potential predictive and prognostic properties. Furthermore, the key roles of ncRNAs make them very attractive targets for innovative therapeutic approaches. Several recent reports have shown that ncRNAs can be secreted by cells into the extracellular environment (i.e., blood and other body fluids): this suggests the existence of extracellular signalling mechanisms, which may be exploited by cells in physiology and pathology. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant issues on the involvement of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs in disease. We will then specifically describe their involvement in CRC pathobiology and their translational applications to CRC diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.
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106
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GAO JIAYIN, LIU MEIMEI, ZOU YITING, MAO MIN, SHEN TINGTING, ZHANG CHEN, SONG SHASHA, SUN MEILING, ZHANG SONG, WANG BEIDI, ZHU DALING, LI PEILING. Long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 is involved in ovarian cancer cell apoptosis through the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:3212-21. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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107
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Wang J, Song YX, Ma B, Wang JJ, Sun JX, Chen XW, Zhao JH, Yang YC, Wang ZN. Regulatory Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19886-919. [PMID: 26307974 PMCID: PMC4581331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently gained attention because of their involvement in different biological processes. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that mutations or abnormal expression of ncRNAs are closely associated with various diseases including cancer. The present review is a comprehensive examination of the aberrant regulation of ncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and a summary of the current findings on ncRNAs, including long ncRNAs, microRNAs, small interfering RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, small nuclear RNAs, Piwi-interacting RNAs, and circular RNAs. These ncRNAs might become novel biomarkers and targets as well as potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of CRC in the near future and this review may provide important clues for further research on CRC and for the selection of effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Yong-Xi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Jia-Jun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Jing-Xu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Xiao-Wan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Jun-Hua Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Yu-Chong Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
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108
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Jiang HY, Zou J, Yu XF. Expression and regulation of long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3567-3575. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i22.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has a messenger RNA-like structure, greater than 200 nucleotides in length, and extensively existing in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. However, almost all lncRNAs cannot be transcribed into proteins. Increasing studies showed that lncRNAs participate in many eukaryotic activities, such as regulating the expression of genes at epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and regulating human growth and development, and also, cell apoptosis. Their aberrant expression is involved in many human diseases and tumorigenesis. This article reviews the latest results of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer with regards to their expression and regulation.
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109
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Xiang JF, Yang L, Chen LL. The long noncoding RNA regulation at the MYC locus. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2015; 33:41-8. [PMID: 26254776 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been linked to cancers. The MYC oncoprotein is a key contributor to the development of many human tumors. Recent studies have revealed that a number of lncRNAs originating from the human 8q24 locus previously known to corresponding to a 'gene desert' are transcribed and play important roles in MYC regulation. In this review, we highlight recent progress in how these lncRNAs participate in control of MYC levels in normal and tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ling-Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China.
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110
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Zhu HQ, Zhou X, Chang H, Li HG, Liu FF, Ma CQ, Lu J. Aberrant Expression of CCAT1 Regulated by c-Myc Predicts the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.13.5181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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111
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Zhang XF, Liu T, Li Y, Li S. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 is a novel biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:9440-9445. [PMID: 26464701 PMCID: PMC4583933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNA CCAT1 was increased in many types of cancers and was involved in various cellular processes related to carcinogenesis. However, the clinical significance and prognostic value of lncRNA CCAT1 in breast cancer (BC) haven't been investigated. METHODS Expression levels of lncRNA CCAT1 in 92 pairs of BC cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. In order to determine its prognostic value, overall survival and progression-free survival were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS Expression levels of lncRNA CCAT1 in BC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissues. High expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was associated with differentiation grade, TNM stage, and lymph node metastases. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test indicated that high expression of lncRNA CCAT1 had a decreased overall survival and progression-free survival. Multivariable analysis was further identified high expression of lncRNA CCAT1 as an independent prognosis factor for overall survival and progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided that the expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was up-regulated in BC and associated with overall survival as well as progression-free survival, suggesting that lncRNA CCAT1 could be a potential prognostic biomarker for BC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Feng Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteShenyang 110042, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteShenyang 110042, China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001, China
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112
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Zhu H, Zhou X, Chang H, Li H, Liu F, Ma C, Lu J. CCAT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:5427-5434. [PMID: 26191246 PMCID: PMC4503117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that CCAT1 is involved in the development of malignancies including colon cancer and gastric cancer. However, the role of CCAT1 in HCC still remains unknown. Real-time PCR was performed to test the relative expression of CCAT1 in HCC tissues and cell lines. We performed Chi-Square Analysis to study the correlation between clinical characteristics and CCAT1 expression. Based on the correlation, cell proliferation assay, cell invasion assay, wound healing assay and cell apoptosis assay were conducted in two HCC cell lines to examine the regulatory effect of CCAT1 on the HCC cells. The results indicated that the expression of CCAT1 was significantly increased in HCC tissues and cells compared with controls. We also found that the abnormally expressed CCAT1 could promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that the aberrant expression of CCAT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fangfeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (East District) Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
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113
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Long noncoding RNAs: Novel players in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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114
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Long Noncoding RNAs in Digestive System Malignancies: A Novel Class of Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets? Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:319861. [PMID: 26064090 PMCID: PMC4429197 DOI: 10.1155/2015/319861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
High throughput methodologies have revealed the existence of an unexpectedly large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). The unconventional role of lncRNAs in gene expression regulation and their broad implication in oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways have introduced lncRNAs as novel biological tumor markers. The most prominent example of lncRNAs application in routine clinical practice is PCA3, a FDA-approved biomarker for prostate cancer. Regarding digestive system malignancies, the oncogenic HOTAIR is one of the most widely studied lncRNAs in the preclinical level and has already been identified as a potent prognostic marker for major malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings regarding the emerging role of lncRNAs not only as key regulators of cancer initiation and progression in colon, stomach, pancreatic, liver, and esophageal cancers, but also as reliable tumor markers and therapeutic tools. lncRNAs can be easily, rapidly, and cost-effectively determined in tissues, serum, and gastric juice, making them highly versatile analytes. Taking also into consideration the largely unmet clinical need for early diagnosis and more accurate prognostic/predictive markers for gastrointestinal cancer patients, we comment upon the perspectives of lncRNAs as efficient molecular tools that could aid in the clinical management.
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115
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Ye Z, Zhou M, Tian B, Wu B, Li J. Expression of lncRNA-CCAT1, E-cadherin and N-cadherin in colorectal cancer and its clinical significance. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:3707-3715. [PMID: 26064266 PMCID: PMC4443100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression and clinical significance of IncRNA-CCAT and EMT related molecule E-cadherin and N-cadherin in colorectal cancer. METHODS The expression of IncRNA-CCAT1, E-cadherin and N-cadherin in 37 colorectal cancer tissue and para-carcinoma tissue was detected using qRT-PCR method, and the correlation of expression level with clinical and pathological features was studied. RESULTS The expression of IncRNA-CCAT1 in tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in normal para-carcinoma tissue (P < 0.001), and the expression level of CCAT1was significantly correlated with local infiltration depth (P < 0.001), tumor staging (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.001) and CA19-9 level (P < 0.001); but not related with age, gender, location of tumor, tumor differentiation level, size of primary lesion and level of CEA (P > 0.05). The expression of E-cadherin in tumor tissues was significantly lower than in normal para-carcinoma tissues (P < 0.001), and the expression of N-cadherin was significantly higher than that in normal para-carcinoma tissues. The decrease in expression of E-cadherin and increase in expression of N-cadherin were significantly correlated with local infiltration depth (P < 0.001), tumor staging (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.001), tumor differentiation level (P < 0.001) and CA19-9 level (P < 0.001), however not related with age, gender, tumor location, size of primary lesion and CEA level (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION CCAT1 plays an important role in the genesis, development, invasion and metastasis; it mediates the EMT process of colorectal cancer; and it's expected to be a new marker and treatment target in colorectal diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Ye
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
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116
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Sun H, Chen C, Lian B, Zhang M, Wang X, Zhang B, Li Y, Yang P, Xie L. Identification of HPV Integration and Gene Mutation in HeLa Cell Line by Integrated Analysis of RNA-Seq and MS/MS Data. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:1678-86. [PMID: 25698088 DOI: 10.1021/pr500944c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Shanghai
Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, 1278 Ke Yuan Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Key
Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 138
Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Baofeng Lian
- Shanghai
Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, 1278 Ke Yuan Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Menghuan Zhang
- Shanghai
Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, 1278 Ke Yuan Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department
of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2525
West End Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department
of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2525
West End Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Yixue Li
- Shanghai
Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, 1278 Ke Yuan Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Key
Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 138
Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Shanghai
Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology, 1278 Ke Yuan Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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117
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Jäger R, Migliorini G, Henrion M, Kandaswamy R, Speedy HE, Heindl A, Whiffin N, Carnicer MJ, Broome L, Dryden N, Nagano T, Schoenfelder S, Enge M, Yuan Y, Taipale J, Fraser P, Fletcher O, Houlston RS. Capture Hi-C identifies the chromatin interactome of colorectal cancer risk loci. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6178. [PMID: 25695508 PMCID: PMC4346635 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple regulatory elements distant from their targets on the linear genome can influence the expression of a single gene through chromatin looping. Chromosome conformation capture implemented in Hi-C allows for genome-wide agnostic characterization of chromatin contacts. However, detection of functional enhancer-promoter interactions is precluded by its effective resolution that is determined by both restriction fragmentation and sensitivity of the experiment. Here we develop a capture Hi-C (cHi-C) approach to allow an agnostic characterization of these physical interactions on a genome-wide scale. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with complex diseases often reside within regulatory elements and exert effects through long-range regulation of gene expression. Applying this cHi-C approach to 14 colorectal cancer risk loci allows us to identify key long-range chromatin interactions in cis and trans involving these loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Jäger
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Gabriele Migliorini
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Marc Henrion
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Radhika Kandaswamy
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Helen E. Speedy
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andreas Heindl
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Nicola Whiffin
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Maria J. Carnicer
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Haemato-Oncology Research Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Laura Broome
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Nicola Dryden
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Takashi Nagano
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Martin Enge
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 14 183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Yinyin Yuan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jussi Taipale
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 14 183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Fraser
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Richard S. Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
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118
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Mizrahi I, Mazeh H, Grinbaum R, Beglaibter N, Wilschanski M, Pavlov V, Adileh M, Stojadinovic A, Avital I, Gure AO, Halle D, Nissan A. Colon Cancer Associated Transcript-1 (CCAT1) Expression in Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach. J Cancer 2015; 6:105-10. [PMID: 25561974 PMCID: PMC4280392 DOI: 10.7150/jca.10568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have functional roles in cancer biology and are dys-regulated in many tumors. Colon Cancer Associated Transcript -1 (CCAT1) is a lncRNA, previously shown to be significantly up-regulated in colon cancer. The aim of this study is to determine expression levels of CCAT1 in gastric carcinoma (GC). Methods: Tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing resection for gastric carcinoma (n=19). For each patient, tumor tissue and normal appearing gastric mucosa were taken. Normal gastric tissues obtained from morbidly obese patients, undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy served as normal controls (n=19). A human gastric carcinoma cell line (AGS) served as positive control. RNA was extracted from all tissue samples and CCAT1 expression was analyzed using quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: Low expression of CCAT1 was identified in normal gastric mucosa samples obtained from morbidly obese patients [mean Relative Quantity (RQ) = 1.95±0.4]. AGS human gastric carcinoma cell line showed an elevated level of CCAT1 expression (RQ=8.02). Expression levels of CCAT1 were approximately 10.8 fold higher in GC samples than in samples taken from the negative control group (RQ=21.1±5 vs. RQ=1.95±0.4, respectively, p<0.001). Interestingly, CCAT1 expression was significantly overexpressed in adjacent normal tissues when compared to the negative control group (RQ = 15.25±2 vs. RQ=1.95±0.4, respectively, p<0.001). Tissues obtained from recurrent GC cases showed the highest expression levels (RQ = 88.8±31; p<0.001). Expression levels increased with tumor stage (T4- 36.4±15, T3- 16.1±6, T2- 4.7±1), however this did not reach statistical significance (p=0.2). There was no difference in CCAT1 expression between intestinal and diffuse type GC (RQ=22.4±7 vs. 22.4±16, respectively, p=0.9). Within the normal gastric tissue samples, no significant difference in CCAT1 expression was observed in helicobacter pylori negative and positive patients (RQ= 2.4±0.9 vs. 0.93±0.2, respectively, p=0.13). Conclusion: CCAT1 is up-regulated in gastric cancer, and may serve as a potential bio-marker for early detection and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Mizrahi
- 1. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Haggi Mazeh
- 1. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Grinbaum
- 1. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nahum Beglaibter
- 1. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Wilschanski
- 2. The Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vera Pavlov
- 2. The Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Muchamad Adileh
- 3. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Ali Osmay Gure
- 5. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - David Halle
- 2. The Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviram Nissan
- 2. The Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel; ; 3. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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119
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Focusing on long noncoding RNA dysregulation in gastric cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:129-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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120
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Xu MD, Qi P, Du X. Long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer: implications for pathogenesis and clinical application. Mod Pathol 2014; 27:1310-20. [PMID: 24603586 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of newly identified non-coding RNA molecules that are emerging as key regulators of tumor initiation and development. Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major health problem worldwide, and there remains a need to further refine the current screening approaches as well as provide tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Multiple dysregulated lncRNAs participate in tumorigenesis through a variety of molecular mechanisms, and various regulatory factors frequently contribute to the aberrant expression of lncRNAs in CRC, thereby allowing malignant transformation. Additionally, the association of dysregulated lncRNAs with specific developmental stages and clinical outcomes indicates their potential as strong diagnostic and prognostic predictors as well as therapeutic targets. Here we provide a brief overview of the known functions of CRC-associated lncRNAs, describe some potential molecular mechanisms that underlie changes in lncRNA expression in CRC, and attempt to uncover their clinical and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Die Xu
- 1] Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China [3] Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Qi
- 1] Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China [3] Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Du
- 1] Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China [3] Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China [4] Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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121
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C-Myc-activated long noncoding RNA CCAT1 promotes colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12181-8. [PMID: 25185650 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, more and more evidence are rapidly accumulating that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in human tumorigenesis and misregulated in many cancers, including colon cancer. LncRNA could regulate essential pathways that contribute to tumor initiation and progression with their tissue specificity, which indicates that lncRNA would be valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) is a 2628 nucleotide-lncRNA and located in the vicinity of a well-known transcription factor c-Myc. CCAT1 has been found to be upregulated in many cancers, including gastric carcinoma and colonic adenoma-carcinoma. However, its roles in colon cancer are still not well documented and need to be investigated. In this study, we aim to investigate the prognostic value and biological function of CCAT1 and discover which factors may contribute to the deregulation of CCAT1 in colon cancer. Our results revealed that CCAT1 was significantly overexpressed in colon cancer tissues when compared with normal tissues, and its increased expression was correlated with patients' clinical stage, lymph nodes metastasis, and survival time after surgery. Moreover, c-Myc could promote CCAT1 transcription by directly binding to its promoter region, and upregulation of CCAT1 expression in colon cancer cells promoted cell proliferation and invasion. These data suggest that c-Myc-activated lncRNA CCAT1 expression contribute to colon cancer tumorigenesis and the metastatic process and could predict the clinical outcome of colon cancer and be a potential target for lncRNA direct therapy.
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122
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Smolle M, Uranitsch S, Gerger A, Pichler M, Haybaeck J. Current status of long non-coding RNAs in human cancer with specific focus on colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:13993-4013. [PMID: 25119862 PMCID: PMC4159835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150813993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The latest investigations of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have revealed their important role in human cancers. LncRNAs are larger than 200 nucleotides in length and fulfill their cellular purpose without being translated into proteins. Though the molecular functions of some lncRNAs have been elucidated, there is still a high number of lncRNAs with unknown or controversial functions. In this review, we provide an overview of different lncRNAs and their role in human cancers. In particular, we emphasize their importance in tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer, the third most common cancer worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Smolle
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Stefan Uranitsch
- Department of Surgery, St John of God Hospital Graz, Marschallgasse 12, A-8020 Graz, Austria.
| | - Armin Gerger
- Division of Oncology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Human colorectal cancer-specific CCAT1-L lncRNA regulates long-range chromatin interactions at the MYC locus. Cell Res 2014; 24:513-31. [PMID: 24662484 PMCID: PMC4011346 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2014.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 549] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human 8q24 gene desert contains multiple enhancers that form tissue-specific long-range chromatin loops with the MYC oncogene, but how chromatin looping at the MYC locus is regulated remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), CCAT1-L, is transcribed specifically in human colorectal cancers from a locus 515 kb upstream of MYC. This lncRNA plays a role in MYC transcriptional regulation and promotes long-range chromatin looping. Importantly, the CCAT1-L locus is located within a strong super-enhancer and is spatially close to MYC. Knockdown of CCAT1-L reduced long-range interactions between the MYC promoter and its enhancers. In addition, CCAT1-L interacts with CTCF and modulates chromatin conformation at these loop regions. These results reveal an important role of a previously unannotated lncRNA in gene regulation at the MYC locus.
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124
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Tao HB, Wan YX, Deng AM, Yan HL. Long noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:901-906. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i7.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are broadly defined as RNA molecules greater than 200 bp in length and lacking an open reading frame. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are widely involved in the regulation of gene expression network at epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, which may affect cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis and other important physiological processes. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs is closely associated with the tumor development, invasion, metastasis and prognosis. The development of colorectal cancer is a multi-factor, multi-step process, and abnormal gene expression may play an important role in this process. This review focuses on the current advances in research of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer, with an aim to provide new clues to clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this malignancy.
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125
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An expressed retrogene of the master embryonic stem cell gene POU5F1 is associated with prostate cancer susceptibility. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:395-404. [PMID: 24581739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic association studies of prostate and other cancers have identified a major risk locus at chromosome 8q24. Several independent risk variants at this locus alter transcriptional regulatory elements, but an affected gene and mechanism for cancer predisposition have remained elusive. The retrogene POU5F1B within the locus has a preserved open reading frame encoding a homolog of the master embryonic stem cell transcription factor Oct4. We find that 8q24 risk alleles are expression quantitative trait loci correlated with reduced expression of POU5F1B in prostate tissue and that predicted deleterious POU5F1B missense variants are also associated with risk of transformation. POU5F1 is known to be self-regulated by the encoded Oct4 transcription factor. We further observe that POU5F1 expression is directly correlated with POU5F1B expression. Our results suggest that a pathway critical to self-renewal of embryonic stem cells may also have a role in the origin of cancer.
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126
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Liu SP, Yang JX, Cao DY, Shen K. Identification of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs in human ovarian cancer cells with different metastatic potentials. Cancer Biol Med 2013; 10:138-41. [PMID: 24379988 PMCID: PMC3860336 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS An in vitro invasion assay was performed to validate the invasive capability of SKOV3 and SKOV3.ip1 cell lines. Total RNA was then extracted, and microarray analysis was performed. Moreover, nine lncRNAs were selected for validation using RT-qPCR. RESULTS Compared with the SKOV3 cells, the SKOV3.ip1 cells significantly improved in the in vitro invasive activity. Of the 4,956 lncRNAs detected in the microarray, 583 and 578 lncRNAs were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in SKOV3.ip1 cells, compared with the parental SKOV3 cells. Seven of the analyzed lncRNAs (MALAT1, H19, UCA1, CCAT1, LOC645249, LOC100128881, and LOC100292680) confirmed the deregulation found by microarray analysis. CONCLUSION LncRNAs clusters were differentially expressed in ovarian cancer cells with varying metastatic potentials. This result indicates that some lncRNAs might exert a partial or key role in epithelial ovarian cancer metastasis. Further studies should be conducted to determine the roles of these lncRNAs in ovarian cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jia-Xin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong-Yan Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Keng Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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