101
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Wooding H, Yan J, Yuan L, Chyou TY, Gao S, Ward I, Herst PM. The effect of Mepitel Film on acute radiation-induced skin reactions in head and neck cancer patients: a feasibility study. Br J Radiol 2017; 91:20170298. [PMID: 29072852 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20170298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mepitel Film significantly decreases acute radiation-induced skin reactions in breast cancer patients. Here we investigated the feasibility of using Mepitel Film in head and neck cancer patients (ACTRN12614000932662). METHODS Out of a total of 36 head and neck cancer patients from New Zealand (NZ) (n = 24) and China (n = 12) recruited between June 2015 and December 2016, 33 patients complied with protocol. Of these, 11 NZ patients followed a management protocol; 11 NZ patients and 11 Chinese patients followed a prophylactic protocol. An area of the neck receiving a homogenous radiation dose of > 35 Gy was divided into two equal halves; one half was randomized to Film and the other to either Sorbolene cream (NZ) or Biafine cream (China). Skin reaction severity was measured by Radiation Induced Skin Reaction Assessment Scale and expanded Radiation Therapy Oncology Group toxicity criteria. Skin dose was measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters or gafchromic film. RESULTS Film decreased overall skin reaction severity (combined Radiation Induced Skin Reaction Assessment Scale score) by 29% and moist desquamation rates by 37% in the Chinese cohort and by 27 and 28%, respectively in the NZ cohort. Mepitel Film did not affect head movements but did not adhere well to the skin, particularly in males with heavy beard stubble, and caused itchiness, particularly in Chinese patients. CONCLUSION Mepitel Film reduced acute radiation-induced skin reactions in our head and neck cancer patients, particularly in patients without heavy stubble. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study to confirm the feasibility of using Mepitel Film in head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Wooding
- 1 Canterbury Regional Cancer and Haematology Service, Christchurch Hospital , Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - Jing Yan
- 2 Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Drum Tower Hospital/Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Ling Yuan
- 2 Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Drum Tower Hospital/Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Te-Yu Chyou
- 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Southern Blood and Cancer Centre, Dunedin Hospital , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Shanbao Gao
- 2 Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Drum Tower Hospital/Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Iain Ward
- 1 Canterbury Regional Cancer and Haematology Service, Christchurch Hospital , Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - Patries M Herst
- 4 Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Otago , Wellington , New Zealand
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102
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Seité S, Bensadoun RJ, Mazer JM. Prevention and treatment of acute and chronic radiodermatitis. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2017; 9:551-557. [PMID: 29138594 PMCID: PMC5677297 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s149752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than half the number of patients with cancer, who are treated with radiotherapy, will have radiodermatitis at some point during their treatment. Radiodermatitis either occurs early on in the treatment period or appears months or up to several years later. Acute radiodermatitis is a burn injury that varies in severity according to both treatment and inherent patient factors. Most acute radiodermatitis reactions resolve after several weeks but some reactions persist and can cause complications. Late-onset radiodermatitis is characterized by telangiectasia that forms on atrophic and fragile skin. These radiodermatitis reactions can have a significant negative impact on concomitant and subsequent therapeutic protocols and most particularly on the patient’s quality of life. Today, treatment of radiodermatitis reactions is in its infancy. Although there is insufficient evidence available to form recommendations that would prevent or reduce radiodermatitis, some advances have been made using low level light therapy (LLLT) or vascular lasers to control the symptoms. Some recent preclinical and clinical research suggests that LLLT has biostimulating properties which allow the tissues to regenerate and heal faster, reduce inflammation, and prevent fibrosis. Also, in late-onset radiodermatitis pulsed dye laser treatment has been shown to be beneficial in clearing radiation-induced telangiectasia. In the absence of evidence-based recommendations, the objective of this paper is to review how to prevent or manage the symptoms of radiodermatitis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Seité
- La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret
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103
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Multicenter Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial GORTEC (Groupe Oncologie Radiotherapie Tete et Cou) 2009-01 Evaluating the Effect of the Regenerating Agent on Radiodermatitis of Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 99:590-595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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104
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105
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Jacobson LK, Johnson MB, Dedhia RD, Niknam-Bienia S, Wong AK. Impaired wound healing after radiation therapy: A systematic review of pathogenesis and treatment. JPRAS Open 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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106
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Garnier M, Champeaux E, Laurent E, Boehm A, Briard O, Wachter T, Vaillant L, Patat F, Bens G, Machet L. High-frequency ultrasound quantification of acute radiation dermatitis: pilot study of patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer. Skin Res Technol 2017; 23:602-606. [PMID: 28513053 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is a frequent complication after breast cancer radiotherapy and is usually assessed by semi-quantitative clinical scores, which may be subject to inter-observer variability. High-frequency ultrasound imaging of the skin can reliably quantify thickness and edema in diseased skin. We aimed to compare the relative increase in dermal thickness of the irradiated zone in breast-cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, with clinical severity. METHODS A consecutive series of patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer by lumpectomy and radiotherapy in a 6-month period also underwent clinical and ultrasound evaluation of ARD. RESULTS We included 34 female patients 17 had grade 1 (group 1), 17 had grade 2 or grade 3 ARD (group 2). The mean relative increase in dermal thickness in irradiated skin (RIDTIS) was greater for group 2 than 1: 0.53 vs 0.29 mm (P=.023). On univariate analysis, ARD was associated with skin phototype, breast volume and RIDTIS, and on multivariable analysis, breast volume and age remained predictive of the disease. CONCLUSION Patients with more severe dermatitis showed significantly increased dermal thickness. Dermal thickness is a quantitative variable that could help quantify the efficacy of drugs and improve the treatment of this disease in patients undergoing radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garnier
- Department of Dermatology, CHRU Tours, Tours, France.,Department of Radiotherapy, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - E Champeaux
- Department of Radiotherapy, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - E Laurent
- Department of Epidemiology, CHRU Tours, Tours, France
| | - A Boehm
- Department of Radiotherapy, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - O Briard
- Department of Radiotherapy, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - T Wachter
- Department of Radiotherapy, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - L Vaillant
- Department of Dermatology, CHRU Tours, Tours, France.,Inserm U930, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - F Patat
- Inserm U930, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - G Bens
- Department of Dermatology, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - L Machet
- Department of Dermatology, CHRU Tours, Tours, France.,Inserm U930, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
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107
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Fernández-Castro M, Martín-Gil B, Peña-García I, López-Vallecillo M, García-Puig ME. Effectiveness of semi-permeable dressings to treat radiation-induced skin reactions. A systematic review. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 26. [PMID: 28417508 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to assess the available evidence concerning the effectiveness of semi-permeable dressings, on the full range of skin reactions, related to radiation therapy in cancer patients, from local erythema to moist desquamation, including subjective symptoms such as pain, discomfort, itchiness, burning and the effect on daily life activities. The bibliographic search was carried out looking for Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) indexed in PubMed, Cinhal, Cochrane plus and Biblioteca Nacional de Salud, published in the English and Spanish language, between 2010 and 2015. Data extraction and evaluation of study quality was undertaken by peer reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Of 181 studies, nine full texts were assessed. Finally, six RCT were included in the final synthesis: three analysed the application of Mepilex® Lite in breast cancer and head & neck cancer; one evaluated the application of Mepitel® Film in breast cancer; and two assessed the use of silver nylon dressings in breast cancer and in patients with lower gastrointestinal cancer. The results show that semi-permeable dressings are beneficial in the management of skin toxicity related to radiation therapy. However, rigorous trials showing stronger evidence are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Castro
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,GACELA Care Management Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - B Martín-Gil
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - I Peña-García
- GACELA Care Management Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M López-Vallecillo
- GACELA Care Management Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M E García-Puig
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, UK.,University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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108
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Ahmadloo N, Kadkhodaei B, Omidvari S, Mosalaei A, Ansari M, Nasrollahi H, Hamedi SH, Mohammadianpanah M. Lack of Prophylactic Effects of Aloe Vera Gel on Radiation Induced Dermatitis in Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1139-1143. [PMID: 28547955 PMCID: PMC5494228 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Radiotherapy induced dermatitis is a common and sometimes serious side effect. We conducted a randomized study to understand whether the adjunctive use of aloe vera gel might reduce the prevalence and/or severity of radiotherapy induced dermatitis. Methods: One hundred patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer were randomized to receive aloe vera gel or nothing during adjuvant radiotherapy consisting of conventional external beam radiation using 6 MV mega voltage linear accelerator photons. The radiation portals were composed of breast fields in all patients and supraclavicular and posterior axillary fields in node positive cases. The total dose was 50 Gy with a daily fraction of 2 Gy, five fractions per week. Results: Dermatitis was first found among patients of both groups after week 2. In the aloe vera and control groups, 2/8 patients and 5/12 patients had dermatitis grade 1 after weeks 2 (P value = 0.240) and 3 (P value = 0.317). After the 4th week, the numbers were 18 and, 23 fordermatitis grade 1 and only 1 for grade 3 dermatitis (P value = 0.328). After the 5th week, 31, 12 and 2 patients in the aloe vera group and 36, 6 and 5 of the controls had grades 1, 2 and 3 dermatitis, respectively (P value = 0.488). Conclusion: Aloe vera exerted no positive effect on prevalence orseverity of radiation dermatitis in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Ahmadloo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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109
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Chin LCL, Cook EK, Yohan D, Kim A, Niu C, Wilson BC, Liu SK. Early biomarker for radiation-induced wounds: day one post-irradiation assessment using hemoglobin concentration measured from diffuse optical reflectance spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:1682-1688. [PMID: 28663856 PMCID: PMC5480571 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.001682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Normal tissue radiation toxicities are evaluated subjectively and cannot predict the development of severe side-effects. Using a hand-held diffuse reflectance optical spectroscopy probe, we measured optical parameters in mouse skin 1-4 days after irradiation. Using a radiation toxicity model and a therapeutic mitigator described previously [BMC Cancer14, 614 (2014)], we found that hemoglobin (Hb) levels increased sharply 24 h after irradiation only in the irradiated group without the mitigator. This group also had the largest peak wound areas after 14 days. We conclude that increased Hb one day after skin irradiation predicts the severity of the subsequent irradiation-induced wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee C. L. Chin
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Elina K. Cook
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Darren Yohan
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Anthony Kim
- Department of Medical Physics, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Carolyn Niu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Ontario Cancer Institute / Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Ontario Cancer Institute / Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Stanley K. Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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110
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Organizational Strategies for Building Capacity in Evidence-Based Oncology Nursing Practice. Nurs Clin North Am 2017; 52:149-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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111
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Choi C, Lee HY, Jeong YI, Nah JW. Synthesis of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)- b -poly( dl -lactide- co -glycolide) copolymer via diselenide linkage and fabrication of ebselen-incorporated nanoparticles for radio-responsive drug delivery. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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112
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Lee J, Park W, Choi DH, Huh SJ, Kim IR, Kang D, Cho J. Patient-reported symptoms of radiation dermatitis during breast cancer radiotherapy: a pilot study. Qual Life Res 2017; 26:1713-1719. [PMID: 28238091 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To find out which symptoms most frequently and severely affect breast cancer patients during radiotherapy and how patients manage the symptoms and unmet needs. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 111 patients who receive radiotherapy for breast cancer from January to April 2015 at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, South Korea. Participants were asked about symptoms and discomfort due to radiotherapy, management methods for radiation dermatitis, unmet needs for radiation dermatitis care, and clinical and socio-demographic information. RESULTS Of total, 108 out of 111 patients (97.3%) reported symptoms related to radiation dermatitis. Hyperpigmentation was the most commonly reported uncomfortable symptom followed by erythema. On average, patients reported 8.6 radiotherapy-induced skin problems (range, 0-11). Of total, 59 (53.2%) patients stated that they wanted care for radiation dermatitis, and 80.0, 59.4, and 51% of patients searched for information, used products, and visited the hospital to manage radiotherapy-related skin problems. Patients who experienced dryness, burning feelings, irritation, roughness, and hyperpigmentation were 11.73, 7.02, 5.10, 4.27, and 2.80 times more likely to have management needs than patients without those symptoms, respectively, adjusting age, current cycle of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and type of surgery. CONCLUSIONS Most of the breast cancer patients experience multiple symptoms associated with radiation dermatitis. Hyperpigmentation was the most common and uncomfortable symptom followed by erythema. Majority of patients wanted management for radiation dermatitis and patients who experienced dryness, burning feelings, irritation, roughness, and hyperpigmentation had higher needs for radiation dermatitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea
| | - Won Park
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea.
| | - Doo Ho Choi
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea
| | - Seung Jae Huh
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea
| | - Im-Ryung Kim
- Cancer Education Center, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Danbee Kang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced institute of health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhee Cho
- Cancer Education Center, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced institute of health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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113
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Acheva A, Schettino G, Prise KM. Pro-inflammatory Signaling in a 3D Organotypic Skin Model after Low LET Irradiation-NF-κB, COX-2 Activation, and Impact on Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:82. [PMID: 28239377 PMCID: PMC5300980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 85% of radiotherapy patients develop acute radiation dermatitis, which is an inflammatory reaction of the skin at the treatment field and in the surrounding area. The aims of this study were to unravel the mechanisms of radiation-induced inflammatory responses after localized irradiation in a human 3D organotypic skin culture model. This could provide possible inflammatory targets for reduction of skin side effects. 3D organotypic skin cultures were set up and locally irradiated with 225 kVp X-rays, using a combination of full exposure and partial shielding (50%) of the cultures. The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the phenotype, and the differentiation markers expression of the cultures were assessed up to 10 days postirradiation. The pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways have been studied. The results showed fast activation of NF-κB, most likely triggered by DNA damage in the irradiated cells, followed by upregulation of p38 MAPK and COX-2 in the irradiated and surrounding, non-irradiated, areas of the 3D cultures. The application of the COX-2 inhibitor sc-236 was effective at reducing the COX-2 mRNA levels 4 h postirradiation. The same inhibitor also suppressed the PGE2 secretion significantly 72 h after the treatment. The expression of a pro-inflammatory phenotype and abnormal differentiation markers of the cultures were also reduced. However, the use of an NF-κB inhibitor (Bay 11-7085) did not have the predicted positive effect on the cultures phenotype postirradiation. Radiation-induced pro-inflammatory responses have been observed in the 3D skin model. The activated signaling pathways involved NF-κB transcription factor and its downstream target COX-2. Further experiments aiming to suppress the inflammatory response via specific inhibitors showed that COX-2 is a suitable target for reduction of the normal skin inflammatory responses at radiotherapy, while NF-κB inhibition had detrimental effects on the 3D skin model development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Acheva
- Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Belfast, UK; Section of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Schettino
- Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Belfast, UK; National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Kevin M Prise
- Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology , Belfast , UK
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114
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Topical interventions to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2016; 25:1001-1011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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115
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Zhang Q, Zhu L, Wang G, Zhao Y, Xiong N, Bao H, Jin W. Ionizing radiation promotes CCL27 secretion from keratinocytes through the cross talk between TNF-α and ROS. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 31. [PMID: 27879026 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The skin-associated chemokine CCL27 and its receptor CCR10 mediate the immune response of skin-homing T cells. The CCL27 secreted from keratinocytes was reportedly involved in inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and psoriasis. However, whether ionizing radiation increases the levels of CCL27 secretion still remains unclear. In HaCaT cells, a human keratinocyte cell line, CCL27 secretion was markedly increased after X-ray irradiation. We further found that irradiation boosted the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was concomitant with the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, alteration of ROS in irradiated HaCaT cells correlated with TNF-α secretion, indicating a positive loop of TNF-α secretion and ROS generation. This positive loop regulated the secretion of CCL27 from irradiated cells. We therefore concluded that the cross talk between TNF-α and ROS after keratinocytes was exposed to radiation, triggered CCL27 secretion for subsequent inflammation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xiong
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Hegang Bao
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensen Jin
- Teaching & Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
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116
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Aysan E, Idiz UO, Elmas L, Saglam EK, Akgun Z, Yucel SB. Effects of Boron-Based Gel on Radiation-Induced Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J INVEST SURG 2016; 30:187-192. [DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2016.1232449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Aysan
- Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Oguz Idiz
- Department of General Surgery, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Elmas
- Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Kaytan Saglam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zuleyha Akgun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Baskaya Yucel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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117
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Erridge SC, McCabe M, Porter MK, Simpson P, Stillie AL. Prospective audit showing improved patient-assessed skin toxicity with use of betamethasone cream for those at high risk of radiation dermatitis. Radiother Oncol 2016; 121:143-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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118
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Nevens D, Duprez F, Daisne JF, Laenen A, De Neve W, Nuyts S. Radiotherapy induced dermatitis is a strong predictor for late fibrosis in head and neck cancer. The development of a predictive model for late fibrosis. Radiother Oncol 2016; 122:212-216. [PMID: 27663951 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if the severity of radiodermatitis at the end of radio(chemo)therapy (R(C)T) for head and neck cancer (HNC) is a predictive factor for late fibrosis of the neck and to find a model to predict neck fibrosis grade⩾2 (fibrosis RTOG2-4) at 6months following R(C)T for HNC. MATERIAL/METHODS 161 patients were prospectively included. We correlated radiodermatitis at the end of RCT, age, sex, T/N stage, tumor site, concomitant chemotherapy, upfront neck dissection, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, accelerated RT, smoking, alcohol consumption, HPV status and the dose prescribed to the elective neck with fibrosis RTOG2-4 6months after the end of treatment. RESULTS Radiodermatitis at the end of R(C)T ⩾grade 3 proved to be associated with the incidence of fibrosis RTOG2-4 at 6months (p<0.01). Furthermore, upfront neck dissection (p<0.01), increasing N stage (p<0.01) and tumor site (p=0.02) are significantly associated in univariate analysis with fibrosis RTOG2-4 at 6months of follow-up. Upfront neck dissection and radiodermatitis grade⩾3 at the end of R(C)T were identified by our multivariate model. Additionally, increasing N stage was selected as an independent predictor variable. The AUC for this model was 0.92. CONCLUSION A model for the prediction of fibrosis RTOG2-4 following R(C)T for head and neck cancer is presented with an AUC of 0.92. Interestingly, radiodermatitis grade⩾3 at the end of R(C)T is associated with RTOG2-4 fibrosis at 6months.
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Quantification of patient-reported outcome measures of radiation-induced skin reactions for use in clinical trial design. Support Care Cancer 2016; 25:67-74. [PMID: 27554211 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Skin toxicity is a common effect from radiotherapy, although difficult to predict on an individual basis, and there is little evidence-based management. This study aimed to quantify inter-patient variation in patient-reported outcome measures for radiation-induced skin reactions (RISR) to enable the determination of the number of patients required for adequate power in a comparative trial of RISR management strategies. METHODS The study included 154 patients scheduled to receive breast cancer radiotherapy. Patients filled in a weekly questionnaire during and up to 4 weeks following the end of radiotherapy scoring five aspects of their experience of RISR: skin redness, and bother from redness like itching, burning sensation and tenderness/pain. RESULTS Assessment of patients' reported experience of their RISR was shown to be feasible, with 91 % of patients returning at least two questionnaires. The mean score increase between weeks 1 and 4 was 25 points (p value <0.0001, 95 % CI 21-29), and the estimated standard deviation at 4 weeks was 18 (95 % CI 16-21). CONCLUSIONS Patients' assessment of their reaction was not predicted on the basis of treatment and patient-related characteristics. Based on the observed variance in scores at 4 weeks, we could calculate the sample size required for a comparative study of two RISR management policies would be 200 patients to have statistical power to detect a clinically significant difference in patient-rated scores of their skin reactions. A trial employing this tool would help provide an evidence base to guide policy in advising patients how to manage their RISR.
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120
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Singh M, Alavi A, Wong R, Akita S. Radiodermatitis: A Review of Our Current Understanding. Am J Clin Dermatol 2016; 17:277-92. [PMID: 27021652 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiodermatitis (radiation dermatitis, radiation-induced skin reactions, or radiation injury) is a significant side effect of ionizing radiation delivered to the skin during cancer treatment as well as a result of nuclear attacks and disasters, such as that which occurred in Fukushima in 2011. More specifically, 95 % of cancer patients receiving radiation therapy will develop some form of radiodermatitis, including erythema, dry desquamation, and moist desquamation. These radiation skin reactions result in a myriad of complications, including delays in treatment, diminished aesthetic appeal, and reduced quality of life. Recent technological advancements and novel treatment regimens have only been successful in partly ameliorating these adverse side effects. This article examines the current knowledge surrounding the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, differential diagnoses, prevention, and management of radiodermatitis. Future research should examine therapies that incorporate the current understanding of the pathophysiology of radiodermatitis while measuring effectiveness using objective and universal outcome measures.
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Sun LM, Huang CJ, Chen HY, Chang GH, Tsao MJ. Evaluating the consistency of location of the most severe acute skin reaction and highest skin dose measured by thermoluminescent dosimeter during radiotherapy for breast cancer. Med Dosim 2016; 41:216-20. [PMID: 27158022 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddos.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We conducted this prospective study to evaluate whether the location of the most severe acute skin reaction matches the highest skin dose measured by thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) during adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for patients with breast cancer after breast conservative surgery. To determine whether TLD measurement can reflect the location of the most severe acute skin reaction, 80 consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective study. We divided the irradiated field into breast, axillary, inframammary fold, and areola/nipple areas. In 1 treatment session when obvious skin reaction occurred, we placed the TLD chips onto the 4 areas and measured the skin dose. We determined whether the highest measured skin dose area is consistent with the location of the most severe skin reaction. The McNemar test revealed that the clinical skin reaction and TLD measurement are more consistent when the most severe skin reaction occurred at the axillary area, and the p = 0.0108. On the contrary, TLD measurement of skin dose is less likely consistent with clinical observation when the most severe skin reaction occurred at the inframammary fold, breast, and areola/nipple areas (all the p > 0.05). Considering the common site of severe skin reaction over the axillary area, TLD measurement may be an appropriate way to predict skin reaction during RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Gia-Hsin Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jen Tsao
- Department of General Surgery, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Photobiomodulation for the management of radiation dermatitis: the DERMIS trial, a pilot study of MLS® laser therapy in breast cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2016; 24:3925-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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A Therapeutic Role for Survivin in Mitigating the Harmful Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Sarcoma 2016; 2016:1830849. [PMID: 27190495 PMCID: PMC4852109 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1830849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Radiation therapy is a form of adjuvant care used in many oncological treatment protocols. However, nonmalignant neighboring tissues are harmed as a result of this treatment. Therefore, the goal of this study was to induce the production of survivin, an antiapoptotic protein, to determine if this protein could provide protection to noncancerous cells during radiation exposure. Methods. Using a murine model, a recombinant adenoassociated virus (rAAV) was used to deliver survivin to the treatment group and yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) to the control group. Both groups received targeted radiation. Visual inspection, gait analysis, and tissue histology were used to determine the extent of damage caused by the radiation. Results. The YFP group demonstrated ulceration of the irradiated area while the survivin treated mice exhibited only hair loss. Histology showed that the YFP treated mice experienced dermal thickening, as well as an increase in collagen that was not present in the survivin treated mice. Gait analysis demonstrated a difference between the two groups, with the YFP mice averaging a lower speed. Conclusions. The use of gene-modification to induce survivin expression in normal tissues allows for the protection of nontarget areas from the negative side effects normally associated with ionizing radiation.
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Ferreira EB, Ciol MA, Vasques CI, Bontempo PDSM, Vieira NNP, Silva LFOE, Avelino SR, dos Santos MA, dos Reis PED. Gel of chamomile vs. urea cream to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs 2016; 72:1926-34. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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The Efficacy and Safety of Jaungo, a Traditional Medicinal Ointment, in Preventing Radiation Dermatitis in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Prospective, Single-Blinded, Randomized Pilot Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:9481413. [PMID: 27066103 PMCID: PMC4811089 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9481413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Jaungo in preventing radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer. Methods. Thirty patients were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to receive Jaungo or general supportive skin care. Radiation dermatitis and pain were examined at daily intervals from the start of radiotherapy until 4 weeks after its completion. The primary endpoint of this study was the incidence of radiation dermatitis. The secondary endpoints were time to onset of radiation dermatitis, duration of radiation dermatitis, and maximum pain score. Results. Jaungo reduced the incidence of grade ≥2 (46.7% versus 78.6%) and grade 3 radiation dermatitis (20.0% versus 50.0%) in comparison with general supportive skin care. Jaungo also delayed the onset of grade 2 dermatitis (35 days versus 30 days). In terms of time to onset of grade 3 dermatitis, duration of dermatitis, and maximum pain score, Jaungo showed results comparable to those achieved with general supportive skin care. No patients experienced adverse effects caused by Jaungo administration. Conclusions. Jaungo minimized radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer without causing adverse effects. Further randomized studies with a larger sample size are required to assess clinical use of Jaungo.
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Meghrajani CF, Co HS, Arcillas JG, Maaño CC, Cupino NA. A randomized, double-blind trial on the use of 1% hydrocortisone cream for the prevention of acute radiation dermatitis. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2016; 9:483-91. [DOI: 10.1586/17512433.2016.1126506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Gobbo M, Ottaviani G, Rupel K, Biasotto M, Guglielmi A. Can laser therapy be the answer for radiodermatitis in anal cancer patients? Two case reports. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/plm-2016-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Radiotherapy is a highly effective cancer treatment that not only offers cure but also excellent palliation of disease related symptoms and complications. Although radiotherapy is primarily an outpatient treatment, delivered within specialist centres, a diverse range of health professionals may be involved in the treatment pathway before, during and after treatment. Radiotherapy can, and does, make a significant contribution to improving a patient's wellbeing through effective symptom management. However, treatment-related side-effects do occur, with an acute skin reaction being one of the most common. It is imperative that radiotherapy-induced skin reactions are correctly assessed and appropriately managed in promoting patient comfort, treatment compliance and enhanced quality of life. This article describes how the use of a recognised assessment tool and evidence-based guidelines can facilitate consistent, high-quality care in the management of radiotherapy-induced skin reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Trueman
- Deputy Nurse Manager, Community and Day Services/Clinical Nurse Specialist Palliative Care, St Gemma's Hospice, Leeds, UK
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129
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Méry B, Vallard A, Trone JC, Pacaut C, Guy JB, Espenel S, Langrand-Escure J, Ollier E, Wang G, Diao P, Bigot L, Mengue Ndong S, Bosacki C, Ben Mrad M, Magné N. Correlation between anthropometric parameters and acute skin toxicity in breast cancer radiotherapy patients: a pilot assessment study. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20150414. [PMID: 26394280 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to identify acute skin toxicity risk factors linked to the anthropometric characteristics of patients with breast cancer treated with radiation therapy. METHODS Consecutive patients with breast cancer were enrolled after breast-conserving surgery and before radiotherapy course. Acute skin toxicity was assessed weekly during the 7 weeks of radiotherapy with the International Classification from National Cancer Institute. Grade 2 defined acute skin toxicity. Patient characteristics and anthropometric measurements were collected. RESULTS 54 patients were enrolled in 2013. Eight patients (14.8%) had grade ≥2 toxicity. The average weight and chest size were 65.5 kg and 93.6 cm, respectively. Bra cup size is significantly associated with a risk of grade 2 dermatitis [odds ratio (OR) 3.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.29-11.92), p = 0.02]. Anthropometric breast fat mass measurements, such as thickness of left [OR 2.72, 95% CI (1.08-8.26), p = 0.04] and right [OR 2.45, 95% CI (0.99-7.27), p = 0.05] axillary fat, are correlated with an increased risk. Distance between the pectoral muscle and nipple is a reproducible measurement of breast size and is associated with acute skin toxicity with significant tendency (OR = 2.21, 95% CI (0.97-5.98), p = 0.07). CONCLUSION Breast size and its different anthropometric measurements (thickness of left and right axillary fat, nipple-to-pectoral muscle distance) are correlated with the risk of skin toxicity. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The present article analyses several characteristics and anthropomorphic measurements of breast in order to assess breast size. A standardized and reproducible protocol to measure breast volume is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoîte Méry
- 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Alexis Vallard
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Jane-Chloé Trone
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Cécile Pacaut
- 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guy
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Sophie Espenel
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Julien Langrand-Escure
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Edouard Ollier
- 3 Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, CHU, Saint Priest en Jarez, France
| | - Guoping Wang
- 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Peng Diao
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Lise Bigot
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Sylvie Mengue Ndong
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Claire Bosacki
- 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Majed Ben Mrad
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study of Processed Ultra Emu Oil Versus Placebo in the Prevention of Radiation Dermatitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015; 92:650-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK. Curcumin Stimulates the Antioxidant Mechanisms in Mouse Skin Exposed to Fractionated γ-Irradiation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:25-41. [PMID: 26785336 PMCID: PMC4665571 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionated irradiation is one of the important radiotherapy regimens to treat different types of neoplasia. Despite of the immense therapeutic gains accrued by delivering fractionated irradiation to tumors, the radiation burden on skin increases significantly. Low doses of irradiation to skin adversely affect its molecular and metabolic status. The use of antioxidant/s may help to alleviate the radiation-induced changes in the skin and allow delivering a higher dose of radiation to attain better therapeutic gains. Curcumin is an antioxidant and a free radical scavenging dietary supplement, commonly used as a flavoring agent in curries. Therefore, the effect of 100 mg/kg body weight curcumin was studied on the antioxidant status of mice skin exposed to a total dose of 10, 20 and 40 Gy γ-radiation below the rib cage delivered as a single fraction of 2 Gy per day for 5, 10 or 20 days. Skin biopsies from both the curcumin treated or untreated irradiated groups were collected for the biochemical estimations at various post-irradiation times. The irradiation of animals caused a dose dependent decline in the glutathione concentration, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities and increased the lipid peroxidation in the irradiated skin. Curcumin treatment before irradiation resulted in a significant rise in the glutathione concentration and activities of both the glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes in mouse skin, whereas lipid peroxidation declined significantly. The present study indicates that curcumin treatment increased the antioxidant status of mouse exposed to different doses of fractionated γ-radiation.
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Korpela E, Liu SK. Endothelial perturbations and therapeutic strategies in normal tissue radiation damage. Radiat Oncol 2014; 9:266. [PMID: 25518850 PMCID: PMC4279961 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-014-0266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy, but the treatment can also damage the surrounding normal tissue. Radiotherapy side-effects diminish patients’ quality of life, yet effective biological interventions for normal tissue damage are lacking. Protecting microvascular endothelial cells from the effects of irradiation is emerging as a targeted damage-reduction strategy. We illustrate the concept of the microvasculature as a mediator of overall normal tissue radiation toxicity through cell death, vascular inflammation (hemodynamic and molecular changes) and a change in functional capacity. Endothelial cell targeted therapies that protect against such endothelial cell perturbations and the development of acute normal tissue damage are mostly under preclinical development. Since acute radiation toxicity is a common clinical problem in cutaneous, gastrointestinal and mucosal tissues, we also focus on damage in these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Korpela
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute and Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St., Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Stanley K Liu
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute and Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St., Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, 149 College St., Toronto, M5T 1P5, Canada.
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Korpela E, Yohan D, Chin LC, Kim A, Huang X, Sade S, Van Slyke P, Dumont DJ, Liu SK. Vasculotide, an Angiopoietin-1 mimetic, reduces acute skin ionizing radiation damage in a preclinical mouse model. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:614. [PMID: 25159192 PMCID: PMC4159535 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy, but the treatment can also damage the surrounding normal tissue. Acute skin damage from cancer radiotherapy diminishes patients’ quality of life, yet effective biological interventions for this damage are lacking. Protecting microvascular endothelial cells from irradiation-induced perturbations is emerging as a targeted damage-reduction strategy. Since Angiopoetin-1 signaling through the Tie2 receptor on endothelial cells opposes microvascular perturbations in other disease contexts, we used a preclinical Angiopoietin-1 mimic called Vasculotide to investigate its effect on skin radiation toxicity using a preclinical model. Methods Athymic mice were treated intraperitoneally with saline or Vasculotide and their flank skin was irradiated with a single large dose of ionizing radiation. Acute cutaneous damage and wound healing were evaluated by clinical skin grading, histology and immunostaining. Diffuse reflectance optical spectroscopy, myeloperoxidase-dependent bioluminescence imaging of neutrophils and a serum cytokine array were used to assess inflammation. Microvascular endothelial cell response to radiation was tested with in vitro clonogenic and Matrigel tubule formation assays. Tumour xenograft growth delay experiments were also performed. Appreciable differences between treatment groups were assessed mainly using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests comparing areas under curves, followed by post-hoc comparisons. Results In vivo, different schedules of Vasculotide treatment reduced the size of the irradiation-induced wound. Although skin damage scores remained similar on individual days, Vasculotide administered post irradiation resulted in less skin damage overall. Vasculotide alleviated irradiation-induced inflammation in the form of reduced levels of oxygenated hemoglobin, myeloperoxidase bioluminescence and chemokine MIP-2. Surprisingly, Vasculotide-treated animals also had higher microvascular endothelial cell density in wound granulation tissue. In vitro, Vasculotide enhanced the survival and function of irradiated endothelial cells. Conclusions Vasculotide administration reduces acute skin radiation damage in mice, and may do so by affecting several biological processes. This radiation protection approach may have clinical impact for cancer radiotherapy patients by reducing the severity of their acute skin radiation damage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-614) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stanley K Liu
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
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Natural oil-based emulsion containing allantoin versus aqueous cream for managing radiation-induced skin reactions in patients with cancer: a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014; 90:756-64. [PMID: 25151541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a natural oil-based emulsion containing allantoin versus aqueous cream for preventing and managing radiation-induced skin reactions. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 174 patients were randomized and participated in the study. Patients received either cream 1 (the natural oil-based emulsion containing allantoin) or cream 2 (aqueous cream). Skin toxicity, pain, itching, and skin-related quality of life scores were collected for up to 4 weeks after radiation treatment. RESULTS Patients who received cream 1 had a significantly lower average level of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events at week 3 (P<.05) but had statistically higher average levels of skin toxicity at weeks 7, 8, and 9 (all P<.001). Similar results were observed when skin toxicity was analyzed by grades. With regards to pain, patients in the cream 2 group had a significantly higher average level of worst pain (P<.05) and itching (P=.046) compared with the cream 1 group at week 3; however, these differences were not observed at other weeks. In addition, there was a strong trend for cream 2 to reduce the incidence of grade 2 or more skin toxicity in comparison with cream 1 (P=.056). Overall, more participants in the cream 1 group were required to use another topical treatment at weeks 8 (P=.049) and 9 (P=.01). CONCLUSION The natural oil-based emulsion containing allantoin seems to have similar effects for managing skin toxicity compared with aqueous cream up to week 5; however, it becomes significantly less effective at later weeks into the radiation treatment and beyond treatment completion (week 6 and beyond). There were no major differences in pain, itching, and skin-related quality of life. In light of these results, clinicians and patients can base their decision on costs and preferences. Overall, aqueous cream seems to be a more preferred option.
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