101
|
Ramiro L, Simats A, García-Berrocoso T, Montaner J. Inflammatory molecules might become both biomarkers and therapeutic targets for stroke management. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2018; 11:1756286418789340. [PMID: 30093920 PMCID: PMC6080077 DOI: 10.1177/1756286418789340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the most frequent cause of disability worldwide. Currently, stroke diagnosis is based on neuroimaging; therefore, the lack of a rapid tool to diagnose stroke is still a major concern. In addition, therapeutic approaches to combat ischemic stroke are still scarce, since the only approved therapies are directed toward restoring blood flow to the affected brain area. However, due to the reduced time window during which these therapies are effective, few patients benefit from them; therefore, alternative treatments are urgently needed to reduce stroke brain damage in order to improve patients' outcome. The inflammatory response triggered after the ischemic event plays an important role in the progression of stroke; consequently, the study of inflammatory molecules in the acute phase of stroke has attracted increasing interest in recent decades. Here, we provide an overview of the inflammatory processes occurring during ischemic stroke, as well as the potential for these inflammatory molecules to become stroke biomarkers and the possibility that these candidates will become interesting neuroprotective therapeutic targets to be blocked or stimulated in order to modulate inflammation after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramiro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron
Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Alba Simats
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron
Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Teresa García-Berrocoso
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron
Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron
Institute of Research, Pg. Vall d’Hebron 119–129, Hospital Universitari Vall
d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Yin P, Wei Y, Wang X, Zhu M, Feng J. Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Front Neurol 2018; 9:617. [PMID: 30131754 PMCID: PMC6090140 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke contributes to ~80% of all stroke cases. Recanalization with thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy are currently critical therapeutic strategies for rebuilding the blood supply following ischemic stroke. However, recanalization is often accompanied by cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury that is mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. Resolution of inflammation belongs to the end stage of inflammation where inflammation is terminated and the repair of damaged tissue is started. Resolution of inflammation is mediated by a group of newly discovered lipid mediators called specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs). Accumulating evidence suggests that SPMs decrease leukocyte infiltration, enhance efferocytosis, reduce local neuronal injury, and decrease both oxidative stress and the production of inflammatory cytokines in various in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of reperfusion injury and the various roles of SPMs in stroke therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yin
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,First Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yafen Wei
- First Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Moon GJ, Cho YH, Kim DH, Sung JH, Son JP, Kim S, Cha JM, Bang OY. Serum-mediated Activation of Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Novel Preconditioning Method. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:485-500. [PMID: 29774769 PMCID: PMC6038038 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718755404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke induces complex and dynamic, local and systemic changes including inflammatory
reactions, immune responses, and repair and recovery processes. Mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) have been shown to enhance neurological recovery after stroke. We hypothesized that
serum factors play a critical role in the activation of bone marrow (BM) MSCs after stroke
such as by increasing proliferation, paracrine effects, and rejuvenation. Human MSCs
(hMSCs) were grown in fetal bovine serum (FBS), normal healthy control serum (NS), or
stroke patient serum (SS). MSCs cultured in growth medium with 10% SS or NS exhibited
higher proliferation indices than those cultured with FBS (P < 0.01).
FBS-, NS-, and SS-hMSCs showed differences in the expression of trophic factors; vascular
endothelial growth factor, glial cell–derived neurotrophic factor, and fibroblast growth
factor were densely expressed in samples cultured with SS (P < 0.01).
In addition, SS-MSCs revealed different cell cycle– or aging-associated messenger RNA
expression in a later passage, and β-galactosidase staining showed the senescence of MSCs
observed during culture expansion was lower in MSCs cultured with SS than those cultured
with NS or FBS (P < 0.01). Several proteins related to the activity of
receptors, growth factors, and cytokines were more prevalent in the serum of stroke
patients than in that of normal subjects. Neurogenesis and angiogenesis were markedly
increased in rats that had received SS-MSCs (P < 0.05), and these rats
showed significant behavioral improvements (P < 0.01). Our results
indicate that stroke induces a process of recovery via the activation of MSCs. Culture
methods for MSCs using SS obtained during the acute phase of a stroke could constitute a
novel MSC activation method that is feasible and efficient for the neurorestoration of
stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Joon Moon
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,2 Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,3 School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Cho
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,4 Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,5 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hee Sung
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,4 Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Pyo Son
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,5 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoon Kim
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,4 Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Min Cha
- 6 Medical Device Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Young Bang
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,5 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,7 Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Bernhardt J, Zorowitz RD, Becker KJ, Keller E, Saposnik G, Strbian D, Dichgans M, Woo D, Reeves M, Thrift A, Kidwell CS, Olivot JM, Goyal M, Pierot L, Bennett DA, Howard G, Ford GA, Goldstein LB, Planas AM, Yenari MA, Greenberg SM, Pantoni L, Amin-Hanjani S, Tymianski M. Advances in Stroke 2017. Stroke 2018; 49:e174-e199. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bernhardt
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia (J.B.)
| | - Richard D. Zorowitz
- MedStar National Rehabilitation Network and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC (R.D.Z.)
| | - Kyra J. Becker
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle (K.J.B.)
| | - Emanuela Keller
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.K.)
| | | | - Daniel Strbian
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland (D.S.)
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Germany (M.D.)
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (M.D.)
| | - Daniel Woo
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (D.W.)
| | - Mathew Reeves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing (M.R.)
| | - Amanda Thrift
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (A.T.)
| | - Chelsea S. Kidwell
- Departments of Neurology and Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson (C.S.K.)
| | - Jean Marc Olivot
- Acute Stroke Unit, Toulouse Neuroimaging Center and Clinical Investigation Center, Toulouse University Hospital, France (J.M.O.)
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Calgary, AB, Canada (M.G.)
| | - Laurent Pierot
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU Reims, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, France (L.P.)
| | - Derrick A. Bennett
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (D.A.B.)
| | - George Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, Ryals School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.H.)
| | - Gary A. Ford
- Oxford Academic Health Science Network, United Kingdom (G.A.F.)
| | | | - Anna M. Planas
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institute for Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CIentíficas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.M.P.)
| | - Midori A. Yenari
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (M.A.Y.)
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, CA (M.A.Y.)
| | - Steven M. Greenberg
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.M.G.)
| | - Leonardo Pantoni
- ‘L. Sacco’ Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Italy (L.P.)
| | | | - Michael Tymianski
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (M.T.)
- Department of Surgery, University Health Network (Neurosurgery), Toronto, ON, Canada (M.T.)
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, ON, Canada (M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Effects of Vitamin D3 on the NADPH Oxidase and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in an Animal Model of Global Cerebral Ischemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3273654. [PMID: 29849881 PMCID: PMC5932460 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3273654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decreased blood flow in the brain leads to a rapid increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). NADPH oxidase (NOX) is an enzyme family that has the physiological function to produce ROS. NOX2 and NOX4 overexpression is associated with aggravated ischemic injury, while NOX2/4-deficient mice had reduced stroke size. Dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contributes to tissue damage. The active form of vitamin D3 expresses neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects in the CNS. The present study examines the effects of the vitamin D3 pretreatment on the oxidative stress parameters and the expression of NOX subunits, MMP9, microglial marker Iba1, and vitamin D receptor (VDR), in the cortex and hippocampus of Mongolian gerbils subjected to ten minutes of global cerebral ischemia, followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. The ischemia/reperfusion procedure has induced oxidative stress, changes in the expression of NOX2 subunits and MMP9 in the brain, and increased MMP9 activity in the serum of experimental animals. Pretreatment with vitamin D3 was especially effective on NOX2 subunits, MMP9, and the level of malondialdehyde and superoxide anion. These results outline the significance of the NOX and MMP9 investigation in brain ischemia and the importance of adequate vitamin D supplementation in ameliorating the injury caused by I/R.
Collapse
|
106
|
Chmielewska N, Szyndler J, Makowska K, Wojtyna D, Maciejak P, Płaźnik A. Looking for novel, brain-derived, peripheral biomarkers of neurological disorders. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2018; 52:318-325. [PMID: 29478670 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of blood brain barrier (BBB) is to preserve a precisely regulated environment for proper neuronal signaling. In many of the central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, the function of BBB is altered. Thus, there is a necessity to evaluate a fast, noninvasive and reliable method for monitoring of BBB condition. It seems that revealing the peripheral diagnostic biomarker whose release pattern (concentration, dynamics) will be correlated with clinical symptoms of neurological disorders offers significant hope. It could help with faster diagnosis and efficient treatment monitoring. In this review we summarize the recent data concerning exploration of potential new serum biomarkers appearing in the peripheral circulation following BBB disintegration, with an emphasis on epilepsy, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke. We consider the application of well-known proteins (S100β and GFAP) as serum indicators in the light of recently obtained results. Furthermore, the utility of molecules like MMP-9, UCHL-1, neurofilaments, BDNF, and miRNA, which are newly recognized as a potential serum biomarkers, will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Chmielewska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego Street, Warsaw 02-957, Poland
| | - Janusz Szyndler
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Makowska
- Student of Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Wojtyna
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego Street, Warsaw 02-957, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego Street, Warsaw 02-957, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Płaźnik
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego Street, Warsaw 02-957, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Zhong C, Bu X, Xu T, Guo L, Wang X, Zhang J, Cui Y, Li D, Zhang J, Ju Z, Chen CS, Chen J, Zhang Y, He J. Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.007776. [PMID: 29306898 PMCID: PMC5778973 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The impact of serum matrix metalloproteinases‐9 (MMP‐9) on cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between serum MMP‐9 in the short‐term acute phase of ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment at 3 months. Methods and Results Our study was based on a subsample from the CATIS (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke); a total of 558 patients with serum MMP‐9 levels from 7 of 26 participating sites of the trial were included in this analysis. Cognitive impairment severity was categorized as severe, mild, or none (Mini‐Mental State Examination score, <23, 23–26, or ≥27, respectively; Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, <20, 20–24, or ≥25, respectively). Cognitive impairment was defined as a score of <27 for Mini‐Mental State Examination or <25 for Montreal Cognitive Assessment. According to Mini‐Mental State Examination score, 143 participants (25.6%) had mild cognitive impairment and 153 (27.4%) had severe cognitive impairment at 3 months. After adjustment for age, National Institutes of Health stroke score, education, and other covariates, the odds ratio for the highest quartile of serum MMP‐9 compared with the lowest quartile was 3.20 (95% confidence interval, 1.87–5.49) for cognitive impairment. Multiple‐adjusted spline regression model showed a linear association between MMP‐9 levels and cognitive impairment (P<0.001 for linearity). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses further confirmed these results. Similar significant findings were observed when cognitive impairment was defined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment score. Conclusions Increased serum MMP‐9 levels in the short‐term phase of ischemic stroke were associated with 3‐month cognitive impairment, independently of established risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongke Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Xiaoqing Bu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Tan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Libing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Siping Central Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jilin Central Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The 88th Hospital of PLA, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of First Automobile Works, Jilin, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Feicheng City People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhong Ju
- Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chung-Shiuan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.,Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA .,Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| |
Collapse
|