101
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Constituents of the flowers of Platycodon grandiflorum with inhibitory activity on advanced glycation end products and rat lens aldose reductase in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:875-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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102
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Yoo NH, Jang DS, Lee YM, Jeong IH, Cho JH, Kim JH, Kim JS. Anthraquinones from the Roots of Knoxia valerianoides inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products and rat lens aldose reductase in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:209-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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103
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Mai TT, Yamaguchi K, Yamanaka M, Lam NT, Otsuka Y, Chuyen NV. Protective and anticataract effects of the aqueous extract of Cleistocalyx operculatus flower buds on beta-cells of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4162-4168. [PMID: 20229999 DOI: 10.1021/jf904304w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether an aqueous extract of Cleistocalyx operculatus flower buds (COB) had protective and anticataract effects on beta-cells in experimental streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. After 9 weeks of COB supplementation (500 mg/kg bw), the COB group had a significantly more stable insulin level as compared with the control diabetic group. Increased staining of insulin and preservation of islet cells were apparent in the COB-treated diabetic rats, whereas islet cell degeneration and weak insulin immunohistochemical staining were observed in the control diabetic rats. In addition, COB significantly delayed diabetic cataract formation and caused significant reductions in the glucose, sorbitol, and fructose levels in diabetic rat lenses. Furthermore, as compared to the control diabetic group, the COB group also showed antihyperglycemic effects (reductions in plasma glucose and HbA1c levels).
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104
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Kim JK, Lee YS, Lim SS, Bae YS. Aldose Reductase Inhibition Effect of PhenolicvCompounds Isolated from Paulownia coreana Bark. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5658/wood.2010.38.2.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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105
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Jung HA, Yoon NY, Kang SS, Kim YS, Choi JS. Inhibitory activities of prenylated flavonoids from Sophora flavescens against aldose reductase and generation of advanced glycation endproducts. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:1227-36. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.9.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Important targets for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications include aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors (ARIs) and inhibitors of advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation. Here we evaluate the inhibitory activities of prenylated flavonoids isolated from Sophora flavescens, a traditional herbal medicine, on rat lens AR (RLAR), human recombinant AR (HRAR) and AGE formation. Among the tested compounds, two prenylated chalcones — desmethylanhydroicaritin (1) and 8-lavandulylkaempferol (2) — along with five prenylated flavanones — kurarinol (8), kurarinone (9), (2S)-2′-methoxykurarinone (10), (2S)-3β,7,4′-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(γ,γ-dimethylally)-flavanone (11), and kushenol E (13) were potent inhibitors of RLAR, with IC50 values of 0.95, 3.80, 2.13, 2.99, 3.77, 3.63 and 7.74 μM, respectively, compared with quercetin (IC50 7.73 μM). In the HRAR assay, most of the prenylated flavonoids tested showed marked inhibitory activity compared with quercetin (IC50 2.54 μM). In particular, all tested prenylated flavonols, such as desmethylanhydroicaritin (1, IC50 0.45 μM), 8-lavandulylkaempferol (2, IC50 0.79 μM) and kushenol C (3, IC50 0.85 μM), as well as a prenylated chalcone, kuraridin (5, IC50 0.27 μM), and a prenylated flavanone, (2S)-7,4′-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(γ,γ-dimethylally)-flavanone (12, IC50 0.37 μM), showed significant inhibitory activities compared with the potent AR inhibitor epalrestat (IC50 0.28 μM). Interestingly, prenylated flavonoids 1 (IC50 104.3 μgmL−1), 2 (IC50 132.1 μgmL−1), 3 (IC50 84.6 μgmL−1) and 11 (IC50 261.0 μgmL−1), which harbour a 3-hydroxyl group, also possessed good inhibitory activity toward AGE formation compared with the positive control aminoguanidine (IC50 115.7 μgmL−1). Thus, S. flavescens and its prenylated flavonoids inhibit the processes that underlie diabetic complications and related diseases and may therefore have therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Jung
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608–737, South Korea
| | - Na Young Yoon
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608–737, South Korea
| | - Sam Sik Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–742, South Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–742, South Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608–737, South Korea
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106
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Lee J, Jang DS, Yoo NH, Lee YM, Kim JH, Kim JS. Single-step separation of bioactive flavonol glucosides from Osteomeles schwerinae
by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:582-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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107
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Lee YS, Kim SH, Jung SH, Kim JK, Pan CH, Lim SS. Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Compounds from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:917-21. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sil Lee
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University
| | - Seon Ha Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University
| | - Sang Hoon Jung
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute
| | - Jin Kyu Kim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University
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108
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MAI TRUONGTUYET, FUMIE NAGASHIMA, VAN CHUYEN NGUYEN. ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM FLOWER BUDS OF CLEISTOCALYX OPERCULATUS (ROXB.) MERR. AND PERRY. J Food Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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109
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Jung HA, Kim YS, Choi JS. Quantitative HPLC analysis of two key flavonoids and inhibitory activities against aldose reductase from different parts of the Korean thistle, Cirsium maackii. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:2790-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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110
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Xie YY, Yuan D, Yang JY, Wang LH, Wu CF. Cytotoxic activity of flavonoids from the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium on human colon cancer Colon205 cells. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2009; 11:771-778. [PMID: 20183323 DOI: 10.1080/10286020903128470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A new p-hydroxyphenylacetyl flavonoid, diosmetin 7-(6''-O-p-hydroxyphenylacetyl)-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1), was isolated from the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. 'huaiju' cv. nov. (Compositae), together with five known flavonoids, luteolin (2), diosmetin (3), diosmetin 7-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4), diosmin (5), and scolimoside (6), and four known caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, macranthoin F (7), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (8), 1,3-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid (9), and chlorogenic acid (10). The structure of 1 was elucidated by UV, IR, ESI-TOF-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods. Cytotoxic activity of compounds 1-5 against human colon cancer cell Colon205 was investigated using MTT assays. Compounds 2 and 3 showed significant cytotoxicities against Colon205, with their IC(50) values being 96.9 and 82.9 microM, respectively. However, compounds 1, 4, and 5 showed little cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
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111
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Li H, Song F, Xing J, Tsao R, Liu Z, Liu S. Screening and structural characterization of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from hawthorn leaf flavonoids extract by ultrafiltration LC-DAD-MS(n) and SORI-CID FTICR MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:1496-1503. [PMID: 19443236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibition assays and ultrafiltration liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ultrafiltration LC-DAD-ESI-MS(n)) were combined to screen alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from hawthorn leaf flavonoids extract (HLFE). As a result, four compounds were identified as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in the HLFE, and their structures were confirmed to be quercetin-3-O-rha- (1-4)-glc-rha and C-glycosylflavones (vitexin-2"-O-glucoside, vitexin-2"-O-rhamnoside and vitexin) by high-resolution sustained off resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID) data obtained by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS). Several other C-glycosylflavones (vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isooriention) and their aglycones apigenin and luteolin were evaluated by in vitro assays, and were found to possess strong alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities as well. Moreover, the substituent groups on the flavones had a great impact on the enzyme inhibition activity. C-3'-OH of the B-ring of flavones in particular increased the alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity, whereas C-glycosylations at C-6 or C-8 of the A ring weakened the inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Li
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, PR China
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112
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Melanogenesis inhibitors from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum in B16 melanoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:6048-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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113
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Deng Y, Balunas MJ, Kim JA, Lantvit DD, Chin YW, Chai H, Sugiarso S, Kardono LBS, Fong HHS, Pezzuto JM, Swanson SM, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Kinghorn AD. Bioactive 5,6-dihydro-alpha-pyrone derivatives from Hyptis brevipes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1165-9. [PMID: 19422206 PMCID: PMC2883770 DOI: 10.1021/np9001724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Six new 5,6-dihydro-alpha-pyrone derivatives (1-6), namely, brevipolides A-F, together with seven known compounds, including a 5,6-dihydro-alpha-pyrone derivative (7), three flavonoids, a steroid glycoside, and two triterpenoids, were isolated from the entire plant of Hyptis brevipes. Compounds 1-7 were assigned with the absolute configuration 5R, 6S, 7S, and 9S, as elucidated by analysis of data obtained from their CD spectra and by Mosher ester reactions. Compounds 2, 6, and 7 exhibited ED(50) values of 6.1, 6.7, and 3.6 microM against MCF-7 cells, and compounds 1, 2, 6, and 8 (the known 5,6,3'-trihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone) gave ED(50) values of 5.8, 6.1, 7.5, and 3.6 microM against HT-29 cells, respectively. However, no significant cytotoxicity was found against Lu1 cells for any of the compounds isolated. When these compounds were subjected to evaluation in a panel of mechanism-based in vitro assays, compound 7 was found to be active in an enzyme-based ELISA NF-kappaB assay, with an ED(50) value of 15.3 microM. In a mitochondrial transmembrane potential assay, compounds 3, 7, and 8 showed ED(50) values of 8.5, 75, and 310 nM, respectively. No potent activity was found in a proteasome inhibition assay for any of the isolated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1-614-247-8094. Fax: +1-614-247-8081.
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114
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Lee SJ, Park WH, Park SD, Moon HI. Aldose reductase inhibitors from Litchi chinensis Sonn. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2009; 24:957-9. [DOI: 10.1080/14756360802560867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Jae Lee
- Department of Integrative Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
| | - Won-Hwan Park
- Department of Diagnostics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
| | - Sun-Dong Park
- Department of Prescriptionology and Cardiovascular Medical Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeong-Ju 780-714, South Korea
| | - Hyung-In Moon
- Department of Diagnostics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
- Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Wonkwang University Sanbon Medical Center, Kyunggi-Do 435-040, South Korea
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115
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Kato A, Yasuko H, Goto H, Hollinshead J, Nash RJ, Adachi I. Inhibitory effect of rhetsinine isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa on aldose reductase activity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 16:258-61. [PMID: 17498942 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aldose reductase inhibitors have considerable potential for the treatment of diabetic complications, without increased risk of hypoglycemia. Search for components inhibiting aldose reductase led to the discovery of active compounds contained in Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham (Rutaceae), which is the one of the component of Kampo-herbal medicine. The hot water extract from the E. rutaecarpa was subjected to distribution or gel filtration chromatography to give an active compound, N2-(2-methylaminobenzoyl)tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-one (rhetsinine). It inhibited aldose reductase with IC(50) values of 24.1 microM. Furthermore, rhetsinine inhibited sorbitol accumulation by 79.3% at 100 microM. These results suggested that the E. rutaecarpa derived component, rhetsinine, would be potentially useful in the treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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116
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Sugimoto S, Chi G, Kato Y, Nakamura S, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Medicinal Flowers. XXVI. Structures of Acylated Oleanane-Type Triterpene Oligoglycosides, Yuchasaponins A, B, C, and D, from the Flower Buds of Camellia oleifera—Gastroprotective, Aldose Reductase Inhibitory, and Radical Scavenging Effects—. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:269-75. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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117
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Lee J, Seo EK, Jang DS, Ha TJ, Kim JP, Nam JW, Bae G, Lee YM, Yang MS, Kim JS. Two New Stereoisomers of Neolignan and Lignan from the Flower Buds of Magnolia fargesii. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:298-301. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lee
- Diabetes Research Center, Division of Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) Integrated Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)
| | - Eun-Kyoung Seo
- Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy & The Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Diabetes Research Center, Division of Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) Integrated Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)
| | - Tae Joung Ha
- Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration
| | - Jong-Pyung Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy & The Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University
| | - Green Bae
- Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy & The Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University
| | - Yun Mi Lee
- Diabetes Research Center, Division of Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) Integrated Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)
| | - Min Suk Yang
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University
| | - Jin Sook Kim
- Diabetes Research Center, Division of Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) Integrated Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)
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118
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Tanimoto S, Miyazawa M, Inoue T, Okada Y, Nomura M. Chemical Constituents of Coreopsis lanceolata L. and Their Physiological Activities. J Oleo Sci 2009; 58:141-6. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.58.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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119
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Ye G, Yang YL, Xia GX, Fan MS, Huang CG. Complete NMR spectral assignments of two new iridoid diastereoisomers from the flowers of Plumeria rubra L. cv. acutifolia. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:1195-1197. [PMID: 18802971 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two new iridoid diastereoisomers (1, 2), together with five known compounds, were isolated from the flowers of Plumerian rubra L. cv. acutifolia. Their structures were elucidated by the means of in-depth spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric analyses, particularly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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120
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Jung HA, Jung YJ, Yoon NY, Jeong DM, Bae HJ, Kim DW, Na DH, Choi JS. Inhibitory effects of Nelumbo nucifera leaves on rat lens aldose reductase, advanced glycation endproducts formation, and oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:3818-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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121
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Morikawa T, Xie H, Wang T, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Bioactive constituents from Chinese natural medicines. XXXII. aminopeptidase N and aldose reductase inhibitors from Sinocrassula indica: structures of sinocrassosides B(4), B(5), C(1), and D(1)-D(3). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:1438-44. [PMID: 18827386 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.1438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
From the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Sinocrassula indica (Crassulaceae), six new flavonol glycosides, sinocrassosides B(4) (1), B(5) (2), C(1) (3), D(1) (4), D(2) (5), and D(3) (6), were isolated together with 30 compounds. The structures of 1-6 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. In addition, several constituents were found to show inhibitory effects on aminopeptidase N and aldose reductase.
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122
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Bozdağ-Dündar O, Evranos B, Daş-Evcimen N, Sarıkaya M, Ertan R. Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some new chromonyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:2412-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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123
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Quercetin is discussed since several decades as a multipotent bioflavonoid with great potential for the prevention and treatment of disease. In the current review, we present the most recent findings on quercetin with regard to the pharmacology, the in-vitro and in-vivo effects in different cell systems and animal models, and the clinical effects in humans. RECENT FINDINGS Quercetin bioavailability has been underestimated in the past and can be improved by food matrix components or particular delivery forms. Among the biological effects of particular relevance, the antihypertensive effects of quercetin in humans and the improvement of endothelial function should be emphasized. Together with its antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects, the latter mainly mediated through the inhibition of cytokines and nitric oxide, quercetin is a candidate for preventing obesity-related diseases. Most exiting are the findings that quercetin enhances physical power by yet unclear mechanisms. The anti-infectious and immunomodulatory activities of quercetin might be related to this effect. SUMMARY Quercetin is a most promising compound for disease prevention and therapy; however, many of the effects still need confirmation by human intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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124
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Lee EH, Song DG, Lee JY, Pan CH, Um BH, Jung SH. Inhibitory effect of the compounds isolated from Rhus verniciflua on aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1626-30. [PMID: 18670102 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to evaluate active principles for diabetic complications from Rhus verniciflua. Nine compounds were isolated via bioactivity guided fractionation and isolation and tested for their effects on recombinant human aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts. Butein and sulfuretin isolated from ethyl acetate fraction were found to possess strongly both forms of aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts inhibition. The inhibitory activity of butein against a recombinant human aldose reductase (IC(50) value: 0.5 microM) was 2.6 times more potent that of epalrestat as a positive control (IC(50) value: 1.3 microM). The inhibitory potency of sulfuretin (IC(50) value: 124.7 microM) on advanced glycation end-products was about 10 times more potent that of aminoguanidine as a positive control (IC(50) value: 1231.0 microM). These compounds all displayed antioxidative activity which was measured by Photochem apparatus. It was concluded, therefore, butein and sulfuretin have antioxidative as well as aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts inhibitory effects. As a result, these compounds could be proposed as a leading compound for further study as a new natural products drug that could be used for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ha Lee
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung, Korea
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125
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Saijyo J, Suzuki Y, Okuno Y, Yamaki H, Suzuki T, Miyazawa M. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from Bergenia ligulata. J Oleo Sci 2008; 57:431-5. [PMID: 18622126 DOI: 10.5650/jos.57.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory compound of alpha-glucosidase activity, (+)-afzelechin (1), was isolated from rhizomes of Bergenia ligulata. The structure was identified by IR, EI-MS, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The ID(50) (50% inhibition dose) value of compound 1 was 0.13 mM. To investigate the structure-activity relationship, (+)-afzelechin tetraacetate (2), (+)-5,7,4'-trimethoxyafzelechin (3), (+)-tetramethoxyafzelechin (4), and (+)-3-acetyl-5,7,4'-trimethoxyafzelechin (5) as the derivatives of compound 1 were evaluated as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Saijyo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka, Japan
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126
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Jang DS, Yoo NH, Lee YM, Yoo JL, Kim YS, Kim JS. Constituents of the flowers of Erigeron annuus with inhibitory activity on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and aldose reductase. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:900-4. [PMID: 18704333 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-1244-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 05/10/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Seven phenolic compounds, caffeic acid (1), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), 4-methoxybenzoic acid (3), protocatechuic acid (4), eugenol O-beta-D: -glucopyranoside (5), 3,6-di-O-feruloylsucrose (6), and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (7), were isolated from an EtOAc-soluble partition of the flowers of Erigeron annuus. The structures of 1-7 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation, particularly 1D and 2D NMR studies, and by comparison of their data with those published in the literature. All the isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activities against the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR). Of the compounds, 1, 6, and 7 exhibited potent inhibitory activities against the formation of AGEs. In the RLAR assay, compound 7 showed the most potent inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 461-24 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
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127
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Yoo NH, Jang DS, Yoo JL, Lee YM, Kim YS, Cho JH, Kim JS. Erigeroflavanone, a flavanone derivative from the flowers of Erigeron annuus with protein glycation and aldose reductase inhibitory activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:713-715. [PMID: 18298080 DOI: 10.1021/np070489a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel 2,3-dioxygenated flavanone, erigeroflavanone ( 1), as well as eight known flavonoids and two known gamma-pyranone derivatives, were isolated from an ethyl acetate-soluble extract of the flowers of Erigeron annuus. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data. All of the isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activity against advanced glycation end products formation and rat lens aldose reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hee Yoo
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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128
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Kim JM, Jang DS, Lee YM, Lee GY, Kim JS. Constituents of the Fruits of Rumex japonicus with Inhibitory Activity on Aldose Reductase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3839/jabc.2008.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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129
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Kim JM, Jang DS, Lee YM, Yoo JL, Kim YS, Kim JH, Kim JS. Aldose-reductase- and protein-glycation-inhibitory principles from the whole plant of Duchesnea chrysantha. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:352-6. [PMID: 18293434 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (1), 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (2), 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (3), isovitexin (4), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide methyl ester (5), quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (6), ursolic acid, pomolic acid, tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, euscaphic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and maslinic acid were isolated from the AcOEt- and BuOH-soluble MeOH extract of Duchesnea chrysantha (whole plant). The isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activity on rat-lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The ellagic acids and flavonoids, compounds 1-6, exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on RLAR. However, compounds 1 and 4-6 showed excellent inhibitory activities towards the formation of AGEs. This is the first report that 4 and 6 exhibit inhibitory activity towards AR and AGEs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-812, Korea
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130
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Yoshikawa M, Li X, Nishida E, Nakamura S, Matsuda H, Muraoka O, Morikawa T. Medicinal Flowers. XXI. Structures of Perennisaponins A, B, C, D, E, and F, Acylated Oleanane-Type Triterpene Oligoglycosides, from the Flowers of Bellis perennis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:559-68. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eriko Nishida
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
| | | | | | - Osamu Muraoka
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
| | - Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
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131
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Xie Y, Morikawa T, Ninomiya K, Imura K, Muraoka O, Yuan D, Yoshikawa M. Medicinal Flowers. XXIII. New Taraxastane-Type Triterpene, Punicanolic Acid, with Tumor Necrosis Factor-.ALPHA. Inhibitory Activity from the Flowers of Punica granatum. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:1628-31. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xie
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
| | | | - Katsuya Imura
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
| | - Osamu Muraoka
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
| | - Dan Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Masayuki Yoshikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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132
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Zhang H, Matsuda H, Kumahara A, Ito Y, Nakamura S, Yoshikawa M. New type of anti-diabetic compounds from the processed leaves of Hydrangea macrophylla var. thunbergii (Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:4972-6. [PMID: 17609121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two 3-phenyldihydroisocoumarins (hydrangenol and phyllodulcin), a 3-phenylisocoumarin (thunberginol A), and a stilbene (hydrangeaic acid) from the processed leaves of Hydrangea macrophylla var. thunbergii (Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium) promoted adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. Hydrangenol, a principal constituent, significantly increased the amount of adiponectin released into the medium and mRNA levels of adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 (PPARgamma2), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), while it decreased the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA. Furthermore, hydrangenol significantly lowered blood glucose and free fatty acid levels 2 weeks after its administration at a dose of 200 mg/kg/d in KK-A(y) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Kyoto, Japan
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133
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Wang SJ, Yan JF, Hao D, Niu XW, Cheng MS. Synthesis and activity of a new series of (Z)-3-phenyl-2-benzoylpropenoic acid derivatives as aldose reductase inhibitors. Molecules 2007; 12:885-95. [PMID: 17851441 PMCID: PMC6149481 DOI: 10.3390/12040885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the course of studies directed towards the discovery of novel aldose reductase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetic complications, we synthesized a series of new (Z)-3-phenyl-2-benzoylpropenoic acid derivatives and tested their in vitro inhibitory activities on rat lens aldose reductase. Of these compounds, (Z)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylbenzoyl)propenoicacid (3k) was identified as the most potent inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.49 microM. The theoretical binding mode of 3k was obtained by simulation of its docking into the active site of the human aldose reductase crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drugs Design and Discovery of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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134
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Structure-Activity Relationships of Components from the Roots of Pueraria thunbergiana Having Aldose Reductase Inhibitory and Antioxidative Activity. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2007. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2007.28.3.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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135
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Ninomiya K, Matsuda H, Kubo M, Morikawa T, Nishida N, Yoshikawa M. Potent anti-obese principle from Rosa canina: structural requirements and mode of action of trans-tiliroside. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3059-64. [PMID: 17400451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2007] [Revised: 03/10/2007] [Accepted: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The 80% aqueous acetone extracts from the fruit (50 mg/kg/d) and seeds (12.5 and 25 mg/kg/d) of Rosa canina L., but not from the pericarps, were found to show substantial inhibitory effect on the gain of body weight and/or weight of visceral fat without affecting food intake in mice for 2 weeks after administration of the extracts. With regard to the active constituents, the principal constituent, trans-tiliroside (0.1-10 mg/kg/d), potently inhibited the gain of body weight, especially visceral fat weight, and significantly reduced blood glucose levels after glucose loading (1 g/kg, ip) in mice. On the other hand, kaempferol and p-coumaric acid lacked such effect and kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside tended to reduce the gain of body weight and visceral fat weight, but not significantly, at a dose of 10 mg/kg/d. These results indicate the importance of both kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and p-coumaroyl moieties for anti-obese effects. Furthermore, a single oral administration of trans-tiliroside at a dose of 10 mg/kg increased the expression of PPAR-alpha mRNA of liver tissue in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Ninomiya
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
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136
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Nakamura S, Murakami T, Nakamura J, Kobayashi H, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Structures of new cucurbitane-type triterpenes and glycosides, karavilagenins and karavilosides, from the dried fruit of Momordica charantia L. in Sri Lanka. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 54:1545-50. [PMID: 17077551 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Three new cucurbitane-type triterpene called karavilagenins A, B, and C and five new cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides called karavilosides I, II, III, IV, and V were isolated from the dried fruit of Sri Lanka Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) together with two known cucurbitane-type triterpenes, 19(R)-methoxy-5beta,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-dien-3beta,25-diol and 5,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3,25-diol, and nine known cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides, goyaglycosides-b, -c, and -d, and momordicosides F1, F2, G, I, K, and L. The structures of karavilagenins and karavilosides were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.
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137
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Jang DS, Lee GY, Kim YS, Lee YM, Kim CS, Yoo JL, Kim JS. Anthraquinones from the Seeds of Cassia tora with Inhibitory Activity on Protein Glycation and Aldose Reductase. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:2207-10. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Young Sook Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Yun Mi Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Chan-Sik Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Jeong Lim Yoo
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Jin Sook Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmaceutical Development, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
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138
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Jung SH, Lee JM, Lee HJ, Kim CY, Lee EH, Um BH. Aldose Reductase and Advanced Glycation Endproducts Inhibitory Effect of Phyllostachys nigra. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1569-72. [PMID: 17666823 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate active principles for diabetic complications from the black bamboo leaves, Phyllostachys nigra, eight compounds were isolated and tested for their effects on rat lens aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts. As a result, luteolin 6-C-(6''-O-trans-caffeoylglucoside) was found to show a strong aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts inhibition. This compound showed antioxidative activity measured in Photochem apparatus. It is concluded, therefore, that luteolin 6-C-(6''-O-trans-caffeoylglucoside) (6), a flavone of this plant, have antioxidative as well as aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts inhibitory effects. As a result, this compound could be offered as a leading compound for further study as a new natural products drug for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Jung
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 210-340, Korea
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139
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Morikawa T. Search for bioactive constituents from several medicinal foods: hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and antiallergic activities. J Nat Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-006-0105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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140
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Lee SH, Shim SH, Kim JS, Kang SS. Constituents from the fruiting bodies ofGanoderma applanatum and their aldose reductase inhibitory activity. Arch Pharm Res 2006; 29:479-83. [PMID: 16833015 DOI: 10.1007/bf02969420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Eight compounds were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum, and were identified as 2-methoxyfatty acids (1), 5-dihydroergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3) 3beta,7beta, 20,23xi-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (4), 7beta,20,23xi-trihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (5), cerevisterol (6), 7beta,23xi-dihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,20E (22)-dien-26-oic acid (7), and 7beta-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic acid methyl ester (8) by spectral analysis. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this fruiting bodies, and their effect on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) activity was tested. Among these eight compounds, ergosterol peroxide (3) was found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition, its IC50 value being 15.4 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Lee
- Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Industrial Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
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141
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Takahashi K, Araki H, Miyazawa M. Biotransformation of isoflavones by the larvae of the common cutworm (Spodoptera litura). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 54:719-21. [PMID: 16651777 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biotransformation of the 5,7,4'-trimethoxyisoflavone (1), 6,7,4'-trimethoxyisoflavone (2), and 7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone (3) by insects, Spodoptera litura was investigated. Compound 1 was transformed to 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone (4), 7-hydroxy-5,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone (5) and 4'-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyisoflavone (6) by S. litura. Compounds 2 and 3 were hardly metabolized by S. litura. This suggested that compound 1 was converted to compounds 4, 5 and 6 by demethylation at the C-5, C-7 and C-4' position, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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142
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Fernández M, Caballero J, Helguera AM, Castro EA, González MP. Quantitative structure–activity relationship to predict differential inhibition of aldose reductase by flavonoid compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:3269-77. [PMID: 15809162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 02/11/2005] [Accepted: 02/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory activity against aldose reductase enzyme of flavonoid derivatives were modelled using 11 kinds of molecular descriptors from Dragon software. Model with four Galvez Charge Indices described 67% of data variance and overtaken other models using the same number of variables. Galvez indices showed to contain important information on the relationship between the inhibitor structures and its activity by describing the molecular topology and charge transfer through the molecule. In addition, artificial neural networks were trained using charge indices from the linear models but the obtaining networks overfitted the data having low predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fernández
- Molecular Modeling Group, Center for Biotechnological Studies, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Matanzas, 44740 Matanzas, Cuba
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143
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Lee S, Shim SH, Kim JS, Shin KH, Kang SS. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:1103-5. [PMID: 15930755 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The isolation and characterization of rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibitors from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum were conducted. Among the extracts and fractions from G. applanatum tested, the MeOH extract and EtOAc fraction were found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition in vitro, their IC50 being 1.7 and 0.8 microg/ml, respectively. From the active EtOAc fraction, seven compounds with diverse structural moieties were isolated and identified as D-mannitol (1), 2-methoxyfatty acids (2), cerebrosides (3), daucosterol (4), 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (5), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6), and protocatechualdehyde (7). Among them, protocatechualdehyde (7) was found to be the most potent RLAR inhibitor (IC50=0.7 microg/ml), and may be useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyun Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Japan
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144
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Xie H, Wang T, Matsuda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M, Tani T. Bioactive Constituents from Chinese Natural Medicines. XV. Inhibitory Effect on Aldose Reductase and Structures of Saussureosides A and B from Saussurea medusa. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2005; 53:1416-22. [PMID: 16272724 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The 80% aqueous acetone extract from the whole plant of Saussurea medusa MAXIM. was found to inhibit rat lens aldose reductase (IC50=1.4 microg/ml). From this extract, flavonoids, lignans, and quinic acid derivatives were isolated together with two new ionone glycosides, saussureosides A and B. Their absolute stereostructures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence including the application of modified Mosher's method. In addition, some isolates were found to show an inhibitory effect on aldose reductase.
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145
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Park YH, Xu XR, Chiou GCY. Structural Requirements of Flavonoids for Increment of Ocular Blood Flow in the Rabbit and Retinal Function Recovery in Rat Eyes. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20:189-200. [PMID: 15279724 DOI: 10.1089/1080768041223666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We have recently reported that the effect of a flavonoid on ocular blood flow depends upon the number of hydroxy (OH) groups in its backbone structure. To elucidate the structural features on the number and type of functional groups present in the flavonoid molecule plus the number of OH groups, flavonoids with four to five OH groups, with or without methoxy groups, were studied on their effects to affect the ocular blood flow and the retinal function recovery. METHODS A colored microsphere technique was used to determine the ocular blood flow in albino rabbit eyes and electroretinography was used to measure the retinal function recovery. RESULTS Flavonols with four free OH groups produced no effects on the ocular blood flow (fisetin, kaempferol), whereas flavanone and flavones with four free OH groups and without the C2-C3 double bond produced the rapid increment on ocular blood flow (dihydrofisetin and luteolin, respectively). Similarly, flavonols with five free OH groups produced no effects on the ocular blood flow (morin, quercetin). Yet, flavanone with five free OH groups and without the C2-C3 double bond produced the rapid increment on ocular blood flow (dihydroquercetin). Flavanols with five free OH groups and without the C2-C3 double bond and the carbonyl group produced no effects on the ocular blood flow (catechin). Flavonols with four free OH groups and a methoxy group on the 7 position produced no effects on the ocular blood flow (Rhamnetin). Flavonols with four free OH groups and a methoxy group at the 5 (5-methylquercetin) or 3' position (isorhamnetin) produced positive effects on the ocular blood flow also. Flavonol with five methoxy groups but no OH group produced positive effects on the ocular blood flow (pentamethylquercetin). Flavonols with an excessive number of OH groups, having both a catechol-like structure in the C ring and a catechol at the B ring, produced no effect on the ocular blood flow (rhamnetin, quercetin). Parallel results were obtained on retinal function recovery after ischemic insult. CONCLUSION The presence of OH groups at certain positions and the double bond at C2-C3 in the flavonoid molecules, which produces lipophilic action, can affect the increment on ocular blood flow and retinal function recovery. O-methylation can increase ocular blood flow and retinal function recovery as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyun Park
- Institute of Ocular Pharmacology and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
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146
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Yoshikawa M, Pongpiriyadacha Y, Kishi A, Kageura T, Wang T, Morikawa T, Matsuda H. [Biological activities of Salacia chinensis originating in Thailand: the quality evaluation guided by alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2004; 123:871-80. [PMID: 14577333 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.123.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the course of our characterization studies on anti-obese and antidiabetogenic principles in medicinal foodstuffs, we found that the methanolic extract from the stems of Salacia chinensis (Hippocerateaceae) showed potent anti-hyperglycemic effects in oral sucrose or maltose-loaded rats, inhibitory effects on intestinal alpha-glucosidase, rat lens aldose reductase, formation of Amadori compounds and advanced glycation end-products, nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse peritoneal macrophage, and radical scavenging activities. Those in vivo and in vitro biological activities were compared with those of S. oblonga and S. reticulata. In addition, we isolated the principal alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, salacinol, from the stems of S. chinensis and examined alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of eleven samples of S. chinensis collected in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Yoshikawa
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
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147
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Enomoto S, Okada Y, Güvenc A, Erdurak CS, Coşkun M, Coşkun M, Okuyama T. Inhibitory Effect of Traditional Turkish Folk Medicines on Aldose Reductase (AR) and Hematological Activity, and on AR Inhibitory Activity of Quercetin-3-O-methyl Ether Isolated from Cistus laurifolius L. Biol Pharm Bull 2004; 27:1140-3. [PMID: 15256757 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of 40 extracts prepared from 38 traditional Turkish folk medicines on human aldose reductase (h-AR) and hematological activity were investigated. Seven plants containing 5 species of Cistus genus exhibited a potent inhibition of h-AR. Ferulago amani (root) inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by sodium arachidonate, while C. laurifolius (fruit) was found to possess strong inhibition in the blood coagulation assay. An AcOEt extract derived from the leaf of C. laurifolius was purified to isolate three known flavonoids. The activity of one, quercetin-3-O-methyl ether, was found to be as potent as that of eparlestat, which is known to be a remedy for treating complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Enomoto
- Department of Natural Medicine and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
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148
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Matsuda H, Wang T, Managi H, Yoshikawa M. Structural requirements of flavonoids for inhibition of protein glycation and radical scavenging activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:5317-23. [PMID: 14642575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the structural requirements of flavonoids for formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), various flavonoids were examined. The results suggested the following structural requirements of flavonoids for the inhibition of AGEs formation: (1). as the hydroxyl groups at the 3'-, 4'-, 5-, and 7-positions increased in number, the inhibitory activities became stronger; (2). the activities of flavones were stronger than those of corresponding flavonols, flavanones, and isoflavones; (3). methylation or glucosylation of the 4'-hydroxyl group of flavones, flavonols, and flavanones reduced activity; (4). methylation or glycosylation of the 3-hydroxyl group of flavonols tended to increase activity; (5). glycosylation of the 7-hydroxyl group of flavones and isoflavones reduced activity. In addition, various flavonoids with strong AGEs formation inhibitory activity tended to exhibit strong scavenging activity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion radicals, with several exceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Matsuda
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, 2Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
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149
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Matsuda H, Morikawa T, Ando S, Toguchida I, Yoshikawa M. Structural requirements of flavonoids for nitric oxide production inhibitory activity and mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:1995-2000. [PMID: 12670650 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the structure-activity relationships of flavonoids for nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activity, we examined the inhibitory effects of 73 flavonoids on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Among those flavonoids, apigenin (IC(50)=7.7 microM), diosmetin (8.9 microM), and tetra-O-methylluteolin (2.4 microM), and hexa-O-methylmyricetin (7.4 microM) were found to show potent inhibitory activity, and the results suggested the following structural requirements of flavonoids: (1) the activities of flavones were stronger than those of corresponding flavonols; (2) the glycoside moiety reduced the activity; (3) the activities of flavones were stronger than those of corresponding flavanones; (4) the flavones and flavonols having the 4'-hydroxyl group showed stronger activities than those lacking the hydroxyl group at the B ring and having the 3',4'-dihydroxyl group; (5) the flavonols having the 3',4'-dihydroxyl group (catechol type) showed stronger activities than those having the 3',4',5'-trihydroxyl group (pyrogallol type); (6) the 5-hydroxyl group tended to enhance the activity; (7) methylation of the 3-, 5-, or 4'-hydroxyl group enhanced the activity; (8) the activities of isoflavones were weaker than those of corresponding flavones; (9) methylation of the 3-hydroxyl group reduced the cytotoxicity. In addition, potent NO production inhibitors were found to inhibit induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) without iNOS enzymatic inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Matsuda
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
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150
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Yoshikawa M, Xu F, Morikawa T, Ninomiya K, Matsuda H. Anastatins A and B, new skeletal flavonoids with hepatoprotective activities from the desert plant Anastatica hierochuntica. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:1045-9. [PMID: 12643908 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
New skeletal flavonoids, anastatins A and B, were isolated from the methanolic extract of an Egyptian medicinal herb, the whole plants of Anastatica hierochuntica. Their flavanone structures having a benzofuran moiety were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Anastatins A and B were found to show hepatoprotective effects on D-galactosamine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes and their activities were stronger than those of related flavonoids and commercial silybin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Yoshikawa
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan.
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