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Lee SH, Roh JL, Kim JS, Lee JH, Choi SH, Nam SY, Kim SY. Detection of distant metastasis and prognostic prediction of recurrent salivary gland carcinomas using 18
F-FDG PET/CT. Oral Dis 2018; 24:940-947. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Lee
- Department of Radiology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Soon Yuhl Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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102
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Kim YH, Roh JL, Kim SB, Choi SH, Nam SY, Kim SY. Risk factors for competing non-cancer mortality after definitive treatment for advanced-stage head and neck cancer. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1217-1225. [PMID: 29804327 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) can die of index tumor progression and second tumor or non-cancer causes. Here, we investigated the risk factors for competing non-cancer mortality (NCM) in a prospective cohort of patients with advanced-stage HNC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted with 604 patients who underwent definitive treatment for advanced-stage HNC between 2010 and 2015. Main outcomes were NCM and cancer mortality (CM) defined as death from non-cancer causes and HNC or second cancers, respectively. Cumulative incidence and cause-specific hazard functions were used to analyze the risk factors of NCM and CM. RESULTS Age, smoking, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), performance status, body mass index, rural residence, education and hemoglobin level at diagnosis, and chemotherapy were significantly associated with NCM (all p < 0.05). Multivariate analyses showed that age, CCI, and hemoglobin were independent factors of NCM. Age (≥65 years), CCI (≥2), and hemoglobin (<11 g/dl) were related to 4.5-, 3.2-, and 2.7-fold increased adjusted risk of NCM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Old age, comorbidity, and hemoglobin at diagnosis were independent predictors of NCM. The risk factors could be used to predict non-cancer death after definitive treatment for advanced-stage HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Yuhl Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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103
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Follow-up after curative treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma. A critical appraisal of the guidelines and a review of the literature. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 44:559-565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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104
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The role of heavy metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the oncogenesis of head and neck tumors and thyroid diseases: a pilot study. Biometals 2018. [PMID: 29520558 PMCID: PMC5978909 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous literature has highlighted the mechanisms of molecular toxicity induced by substances such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead, barium and PCBs. The research was carried out on 20 volunteers, all the patients gave their consent to the research: the aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of metals and PCBs in these different matrices (blood and hair), correlating the biochemical data to pathological conditions present, and also to the area in which patients resided. Various quantitative determinations were carried out on samples of blood and hair for 14 heavy metals and on blood samples for 12 PCBs. For the 11 patients the results indicated that blood levels for half of the 14 displayed heavy metals measured considerably higher compared to the reference values, whilst the levels measured in hair evidenced some positive values significantly higher than the maximum reference. Of the 12 PCBs assayed in blood some showed higher positive values compared to the maximum tabular reference (although there is no clear reference quantified in the WHO-2005 report). In the 9 healthy patients heavy metals in the blood were within the expected target range, with those showing positive results (≤ 3 out of 14 heavy metals for each patient) having values only slightly higher than the reference maximum. The levels of 14 heavy metals measured in hair were below thresholds, and levels for the 12 PCBs measured in blood showed negativity or positivity with values close to the minimum benchmarks. The analyses carried out on biological matrices have uncovered important and significant differences between healthy and unhealthy subjects, both qualitative and quantitative differences with respect to heavy metals and PCBs. All patients with head and neck cancer enlisted for the study had heavy metal and PCB blood levels at least twice the maximum reference level. The levels of heavy metals in hair were at least double the maximum reference. In contrast, all healthy volunteers enrolled showed no significant levels for either metals or PCBs.
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105
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Park MJ, Roh JL, Kim SB, Choi SH, Nam SY, Kim SY. Prognostic value of circulating biomarker score in advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2018; 92:69-76. [PMID: 29428866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating biomarker (CB) is a convenient, emerging predictive tool for treatment response and outcomes in human cancers. Therefore, we examined the prognostic value of pre-treatment and early post-treatment CBs and their summated scores in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS This study prospectively included 310 consecutive patients who underwent definitive treatment for previously untreated advanced-stage HNSCC between 2010 and 2015. The CB score was determined by complete blood counts (CBCs) and blood chemistry before and 2 months after the treatment, and the number of abnormal CB was counted from 0 to 10. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox proportional hazards models were used to find factors associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Most CBC profiles were significantly changed at 2-months post-treatment compared with those at pre-treatment. Univariate analyses showed that hypoalbuminemia, leucocytosis, C-reactive protein, high CB scores (≥6), age, performance status and comorbidity and tumour site were significantly associated with DFS and OS (all P < 0.05). Both pre- and post-treatment CB scores were independent factors predictive of DFS and OS outcomes in the multivariate analyses (P < 0.05). High CB scores at pre-treatment were associated with 7-10-fold increased risk of unfavourable DFS and OS outcomes, and those at 2-months post-treatment were associated with 2 to 4-fold increased risk of poor survival outcomes (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CB scores at pre-treatment and early post-treatment are useful for predicting survival outcomes in patients with advanced-stage HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marn Joon Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine (Oncology), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Yuhl Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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106
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Lim WS, Oh JS, Roh JL, Kim JS, Kim SJ, Choi SH, Nam SY, Kim SY. Prediction of distant metastasis and survival in adenoid cystic carcinoma using quantitative 18 F-FDG PET/CT measurements. Oral Oncol 2018; 77:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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107
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Hederagenin Induces Apoptosis in Cisplatin-Resistant Head and Neck Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the Nrf2-ARE Antioxidant Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5498908. [PMID: 29456786 PMCID: PMC5804377 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5498908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to cisplatin is the most common reason for the failure of cisplatin chemotherapy. Hederagenin, triterpenoids extracted from ivy leaves, exhibits antitumor activity in various types of cancer. However, the therapeutic potential of hederagenin in head and neck cancer (HNC) has remained unclear. Therefore, we examined the effects of hederagenin in cisplatin-resistant HNC cells and characterized its molecular mechanisms of action in this context. We evaluated the effects of hederagenin treatment on cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and protein and mRNA expression in HNC cells. The antitumor effect of hederagenin in mouse tumor xenograft models was also analyzed. Hederagenin selectively induced cell death in both cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant HNC cells by promoting changes in ΔΨm and inducing apoptosis. Hederagenin inhibited the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway and activated p53 in HNC cells, thereby enhancing ROS production and promoting glutathione depletion. These effects were reversed by the antioxidant trolox. Hederagenin activated intrinsic apoptotic pathways via cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax. The selective inhibitory effects of hederagenin were confirmed in cisplatin-resistant HNC xenograft models. These data suggest that hederagenin induces cell death in resistant HNC cells via the Nrf2-ARE antioxidant pathway.
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108
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Kim SA, Roh JL, Kim SB, Choi SH, Nam SY, Kim SY. Aspirin use and head and neck cancer survival: an observational study of 11,623 person-years follow-up. Int J Clin Oncol 2017; 23:52-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-017-1165-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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109
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Shin D, Kim EH, Lee J, Roh JL. RITA plus 3-MA overcomes chemoresistance of head and neck cancer cells via dual inhibition of autophagy and antioxidant systems. Redox Biol 2017; 13:219-227. [PMID: 28582730 PMCID: PMC5925444 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (RITA) is a small molecule that blocks p53–MDM2 interaction, thereby reactivating p53 in tumors. RITA can induce exclusive apoptosis in cancer cells independently of the p53 pathway; however, the resistance of cancer cells remains a major drawback. Here, we found a novel resistance mechanism of RITA treatment and an effective combined treatment to overcome RITA resistance in head and neck cancer (HNC) cells. The effects of RITA and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were tested in different HNC cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant and acquired RITA-resistant HNC cells. The effects of each drug alone and in combination were assessed by measuring cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, glutathione, reactive oxygen species, protein expression, genetic inhibition of p62 and Nrf2, and a mouse xenograft model of cisplatin-resistant HNC. RITA induced apoptosis of HNC cells at different levels without significantly inhibiting normal cell viability. Following RITA treatment, RITA-resistant HNC cells exhibited a sustained expression of other autophagy-related proteins, overexpressed p62, and displayed activation of the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA sensitized resistant HNC cells to RITA treatment via the dual inhibition of molecules related to the autophagy and antioxidant systems. Silencing of the p62 gene augmented the combined effects. The effective antitumor activity of RITA plus 3-MA was also confirmed in vivo in mouse xenograft models transplanted with resistant HNC cells, showing increased oxidative stress and DNA damage. The results indicate that RITA plus 3-MA can help overcome RITA resistance in HNC cells. Condensed abstract This study revealed a novel RITA resistant mechanism associated with the sustained induction of autophagy, p62 overexpression, and Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant system activation. The combined treatment of RITA with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine overcomes RITA resistance via dual inhibition of autophagy and antioxidant systems in vitro and in vivo. RITA induces apoptosis of HNC cells at different levels. RITA resistance is related to the sustained expression of autophagy proteins and p62. Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant system is also engaged in the RITA resistance mechanism. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA sensitizes resistant HNC cells to RITA treatment. RITA plus 3-MA induces apoptosis of resistant HNC cells via dual inhibition of autophagy and Nrf2 system in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiha Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SA, Roh JL, Kim JS, Lee JH, Lee SH, Choi SH, Nam SY, Kim SY. 18F-FDG PET/CT surveillance for the detection of recurrence in patients with head and neck cancer. Eur J Cancer 2017; 72:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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