101
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Magdolenova Z, Collins A, Kumar A, Dhawan A, Stone V, Dusinska M. Mechanisms of genotoxicity. A review of in vitro and in vivo studies with engineered nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2013; 8:233-78. [PMID: 23379603 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.773464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in different technologies but their unique properties might also cause adverse health effects. In reviewing recent in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity studies we discuss potential mechanisms of genotoxicity induced by NPs. Various factors that may influence genotoxic response, including physico-chemical properties and experimental conditions, are highlighted. From 4346 articles on NP toxicity, 112 describe genotoxicity studies (94 in vitro, 22 in vivo). The most used assays are the comet assay (58 in vitro, 9 in vivo), the micronucleus assay (31 in vitro, 14 in vivo), the chromosome aberrations test (10 in vitro, 1 in vivo) and the bacterial reverse mutation assay (13 studies). We describe advantages and potential problems with different methods and suggest the need for appropriate methodologies to be used for investigation of genotoxic effects of NPs, in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Magdolenova
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, MILK, Health Effects Laboratory , Kjeller , Norway
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102
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Gopal J, Hasan N, Manikandan M, Wu HF. Bacterial toxicity/compatibility of platinum nanospheres, nanocuboids and nanoflowers. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1260. [PMID: 23405274 PMCID: PMC3569627 DOI: 10.1038/srep01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time, we have investigated the bacterial toxicity or compatibility properties of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes (P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5). The bacterio-toxic or compatible properties of these five different sized Pt NPs with the clinical pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were explored by many analytical methods such as the conventional plate count method, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence sensoring techniques. The results revealed that the 1-3 nm sized (P1 and P2) Pt NPs showed bacterio-toxic properties while the 4-21 nm (P3, P4 and P5) Pt NPs exhibited bacterio-compatible properties. This is the first study which reports the bacterial toxicity of Pt NPs. The information released from this study is significantly important to future clinical, medical, biological and biomedical applications of Pt NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Gopal
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat - Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 800, Taiwan
| | - Nazim Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat - Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, 80424, Taiwan
| | - M. Manikandan
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat - Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 800, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat - Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 800, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat - Sen University, Kaohsiung, 800, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 800, Taiwan
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103
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Size- and Ligand-Specific Bioresponse of Gold Clusters and Nanoparticles: Challenges and Perspectives. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2013_127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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104
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Sur I, Altunbek M, Kahraman M, Culha M. The influence of the surface chemistry of silver nanoparticles on cell death. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:375102. [PMID: 22922335 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/37/375102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the surface chemistry of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on p53 mediated cell death was evaluated using human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and lung cancer (A549) cells. The citrate reduced AgNPs (C-AgNPs) were modified with either lactose (L-AgNPs) or a 12-base long oligonucleotide (O-AgNPs). Both unmodified and modified AgNPs showed increased concentration and time dependent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity causing an increased p53 up-regulation within 6 h and led to apoptotic or necrotic cell deaths. The C-AgNPs induced more cytotoxicity and cellular DNA damage than the surface modified AgNPs. Modifying the C-AgNPs with lactose or the oligonucleotide reduced both necrotic and apoptotic cell deaths in the HDF cells. The C-AgNPs caused an insignificant necrosis in A549 cells whereas the modified AgNPs caused necrosis and apoptosis in both cell types. Compared to the O-AgNPs, the L-AgNPs triggered more cellular DNA damage, which led to up-regulation of p53 gene inducing apoptosis in A549 cells compared to HDF cells. This suggests that the different surface chemistries of the AgNPs cause different cellular responses that may be important not only for their use in medicine but also for reducing their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Sur
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey
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105
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The anti-inflammatory effects of platinum nanoparticles on the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:1177-85. [PMID: 22752115 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platinum nanoparticles (nano-Pt) have been reported to possess anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities. However, the biological activity and mechanism of action of nano-Pt in inflammation are still unknown. The present study was designed to determine the in-vitro anti-inflammatory effects of nano-Pt on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. METHODS RAW 264.7 macrophages were used for the study. The LPS-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by flow cytometry. The prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) concentration was measured using a PGE(2) assay kit. The protein levels and mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6], along with cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase, were analyzed by Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and Akt, and the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa B-alpha (IκB-α) was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Nano-Pt significantly reduced the LPS-induced production of intracellular ROS and inflammatory mediators. In addition, nano-Pt suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt, and significantly inhibited the phosphorylation/degradation of IκB-α as well as nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) transcriptional activity. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of nano-Pt may be attributed to their downregulation of the NFκB signaling pathway in macrophages, thus supporting the use of nano-Pt as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Lee N, Cho HR, Oh MH, Lee SH, Kim K, Kim BH, Shin K, Ahn TY, Choi JW, Kim YW, Choi SH, Hyeon T. Multifunctional Fe3O4/TaOx Core/Shell Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Magnetic Resonance Imaging and X-ray Computed Tomography. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10309-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3016582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nohyun Lee
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Cho
- Diagnostic Radiology, Seoul
National University Hospital, and the Institute of Radiation Medicine,
Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Myoung Hwan Oh
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Soo Hong Lee
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Kangmin Kim
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Byung Hyo Kim
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Shin
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Ahn
- School of Materials Science and
Engineering, Seoul National University,
Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Diagnostic Radiology, Seoul
National University Hospital, and the Institute of Radiation Medicine,
Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Young-Woon Kim
- School of Materials Science and
Engineering, Seoul National University,
Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Diagnostic Radiology, Seoul
National University Hospital, and the Institute of Radiation Medicine,
Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- World Class University Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, Institute of Chemical Processes, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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Arvizo RR, Bhattacharyya S, Kudgus R, Giri K, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P. Intrinsic therapeutic applications of noble metal nanoparticles: past, present and future. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2943-70. [PMID: 22388295 PMCID: PMC3346960 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15355f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical nanotechnology is an evolving field having enormous potential to positively impact the health care system. Important biomedical applications of nanotechnology that may have potential clinical applications include targeted drug delivery, detection/diagnosis and imaging. Basic understanding of how nanomaterials, the building blocks of nanotechnology, interact with the cells and their biological consequences are beginning to evolve. Noble metal nanoparticles such as gold, silver and platinum are particularly interesting due to their size and shape dependent unique optoelectronic properties. These noble metal nanoparticles, particularly of gold, have elicited a lot of interest for important biomedical applications because of their ease of synthesis, characterization and surface functionalization. Furthermore, recent investigations are demonstrating another promising application of these nanomaterials as self-therapeutics. To realize the potential promise of these unique inorganic nanomaterials for future clinical translation, it is of utmost importance to understand a few critical parameters; (i) how these nanomaterials interact with the cells at the molecular level; (ii) how their biodistribution and pharmacokinetics influenced by their surface and routes of administration; (iii) mechanism of their detoxification and clearance and (iv) their therapeutic efficacy in appropriate disease model. Thus in this critical review, we will discuss the various clinical applications of gold, silver and platinum nanoparticles with relevance to above parameters. We will also mention various routes of synthesis of these noble metal nanoparticles. However, before we discuss present research, we will also look into the past. We need to understand the discoveries made before us in order to further our knowledge and technological development (318 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle R. Arvizo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | | | | | - Karuna Giri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
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108
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Mahanta N, Leong WY, Valiyaveettil S. Isolation and characterization of cellulose-based nanofibers for nanoparticleextraction from an aqueous environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm15018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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109
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Mahanta N, Valiyaveettil S. Surface modified electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes for extracting nanoparticles from water. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:4625-4631. [PMID: 21904762 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of water from nanomaterials will be an emerging problem in the future due to incorporation of nanomaterials in many commercial products and improper disposal of waste materials. In this report, electrospun polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers (PVA NFs) with diameters ranging between 300 and 500 nm were used for the extraction of nanosized contaminants from the aqueous environment. To obtain the best extraction efficiency, surface hydroxyl groups of PVA NFs were chemically modified with functional groups, such as thiols and amines. Two model nanoparticles (silver and gold) dissolved in water were used for adsorption studies. Depending on the nature of the surface functionalities, the fibers showed unique ability to adsorb nanoparticles. The extraction studies revealed that the amine and thiol modified PVA NFs showed 90% extraction efficiency for both silver and gold nanoparticles. The thiol and amine functionalized PVA NFs showed maximum adsorption capacities (Q(t)) towards Au NPs, which were around 79-84 mg g(-1). Similarly for Ag NP extraction, amine functionalized PVA NFs showed a value for Q(t) at 56 mg g(-1). Our results highlight that functionalized nanofibers have high extraction efficiency for dissolved nanoparticles in water and can be used for removal of the nanocontaminants from the aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narahari Mahanta
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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110
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Noble metal nanoparticles applications in cancer. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2012:751075. [PMID: 22007307 PMCID: PMC3189598 DOI: 10.1155/2012/751075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has prompted new and improved materials for biomedical applications with particular emphasis in therapy and diagnostics. Special interest has been directed at providing enhanced molecular therapeutics for cancer, where conventional approaches do not effectively differentiate between cancerous and normal cells; that is, they lack specificity. This normally causes systemic toxicity and severe and adverse side effects with concomitant loss of quality of life. Because of their small size, nanoparticles can readily interact with biomolecules both at surface and inside cells, yielding better signals and target specificity for diagnostics and therapeutics. This way, a variety of nanoparticles with the possibility of diversified modification with biomolecules have been investigated for biomedical applications including their use in highly sensitive imaging assays, thermal ablation, and radiotherapy enhancement as well as drug and gene delivery and silencing. Here, we review the available noble metal nanoparticles for cancer therapy, with particular focus on those already being translated into clinical settings.
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111
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Sasidharan A, Chandran P, Menon D, Raman S, Nair S, Koyakutty M. Rapid dissolution of ZnO nanocrystals in acidic cancer microenvironment leading to preferential apoptosis. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:3657-3669. [PMID: 21826307 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment of cancer plays a very critical role in the survival, proliferation and drug resistance of solid tumors. Here, we report an interesting, acidic cancer microenvironment-mediated dissolution-induced preferential toxicity of ZnO nanocrystals (NCs) against cancer cells while leaving primary cells unaffected. Irrespective of the size-scale (5 and 200 nm) and surface chemistry differences (silica, starch or polyethylene glycol coating), ZnO NCs exhibited multiple stress mechanisms against cancer cell lines (IC(50)∼150 μM) while normal human primary cells (human dermal fibroblast, lymphocytes, human umbilical vein endothelial cells) remain less affected. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy studies revealed that ZnO NCs undergo rapid preferential dissolution in acidic (pH ∼5-6) cancer microenvironment causing elevated ROS stress, mitochondrial superoxide formation, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, and cell cycle arrest at S/G2 phase leading to apoptosis. In effect, by elucidating the unique toxicity mechanism of ZnO NCs, we show that ZnO NCs can destabilize cancer cells by utilizing its own hostile acidic microenvironment, which is otherwise critical for its survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Sasidharan
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Cochin 682 041, Kerala, India
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Mahmoudi M, Azadmanesh K, Shokrgozar MA, Journeay WS, Laurent S. Effect of Nanoparticles on the Cell Life Cycle. Chem Rev 2011; 111:3407-32. [DOI: 10.1021/cr1003166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mahmoudi
- National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kayhan Azadmanesh
- Virology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551 Iran
| | | | - W. Shane Journeay
- Nanotechnology Toxicology Consulting & Training, Inc., Nova Scotia, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie Medical School, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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113
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Rallo R, France B, Liu R, Nair S, George S, Damoiseaux R, Giralt F, Nel A, Bradley K, Cohen Y. Self-organizing map analysis of toxicity-related cell signaling pathways for metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:1695-702. [PMID: 21250674 PMCID: PMC4418424 DOI: 10.1021/es103606x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The response of a murine macrophage cell line exposed to a library of seven metal and metal oxide nanoparticles was evaluated via High Throughput Screening (HTS) assay employing luciferase-reporters for ten independent toxicity-related signaling pathways. Similarities of toxicity response among the nanoparticles were identified via Self-Organizing Map (SOM) analysis. This analysis, applied to the HTS data, quantified the significance of the signaling pathway responses (SPRs) of the cell population exposed to nanomaterials relative to a population of untreated cells, using the Strictly Standardized Mean Difference (SSMD). Given the high dimensionality of the data and relatively small data set, the validity of the SOM clusters was established via a consensus clustering technique. Analysis of the SPR signatures revealed two cluster groups corresponding to (i) sublethal pro-inflammatory responses to Al2O3, Au, Ag, SiO2 nanoparticles possibly related to ROS generation, and (ii) lethal genotoxic responses due to exposure to ZnO and Pt nanoparticles at a concentration range of 25-100 μg/mL at 12 h exposure. In addition to identifying and visualizing clusters and quantifying similarity measures, the SOM approach can aid in developing predictive quantitative-structure relations; however, this would require significantly larger data sets generated from combinatorial libraries of engineered nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rallo
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Departament d' Enginyeria Informatica i Matematiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Bryan France
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Rong Liu
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Sumitra Nair
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Saji George
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Medicine - Div. of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Departament d' Enginyeria Informatica i Matematiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Francesc Giralt
- Departament d' Enginyeria Informatica i Matematiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain
- Departament d' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Andre Nel
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Medicine - Div. of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Kenneth Bradley
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yoram Cohen
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology. California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department. University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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114
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Platinum nanoparticles and their cellular uptake and DNA platination at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Arch Toxicol 2011; 85:799-812. [PMID: 21229235 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-010-0636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Three differently sized, highly dispersed platinum nanoparticle (Pt-NP) preparations were generated by supercritical fluid reactive deposition (SFRD) and deposited on a β-cyclodextrin matrix. The average particle size and size distribution were steered by the precursor reduction conditions, resulting in particle preparations of <20, <100 and >100 nm as characterised by TEM and SEM. As reported previously, these Pt-NPs were found to cause DNA strand breaks in human colon carcinoma cells (HT29) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and a distinct size dependency. Here, we addressed the question whether Pt-NPs might affect directly DNA integrity in these cells and thus behave analogous to platinum-based chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin. Therefore, DNA-associated Pt as well as the translocation of Pt-NPs through a Caco-2 monolayer was quantified by ICP-MS. STEM imaging demonstrated that Pt-NPs were taken up into HT29 cells in their particulate and aggregated form, but appear not to translocate into the nucleus or interact with mitochondria. The platinum content of the DNA of HT29 cells was found to increase in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with a maximal effect at 1,000 ng/cm(2). ICP-MS analysis of the cell culture medium indicated the formation of soluble Pt species, although to a limited extent. The observations suggest that DNA strand breaks mediated by metallic Pt-NPs are caused by Pt ions forming during the incubation of cells with these nanoparticles.
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115
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Palchoudhury S, Xu Y, Goodwin J, Bao Y. Synthesis of multiple platinum-attached iron oxide nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm04148c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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116
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Zhao J, Castranova V. Toxicology of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2011; 14:593-632. [PMID: 22008094 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2011.615113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials are being widely used in many industries as well as in medicine and pharmacology. Despite the many proposed advantages of nanomaterials, increasing concerns have been expressed on their potential adverse human health effects. In recent years, application of nanotechnology in medicine has been defined as nanomedicine. Techniques in nanomedicine make it possible to deliver therapeutic agents into targeted specific cells, cellular compartments, tissues, and organs by using nanoparticulate carriers. Because nanoparticles possess different physicochemical properties than their fine-sized analogues due to their extremely small size and large surface area, they need to be evaluated separately for toxicity and adverse health effects. In addition, in the field of nanomedicine, intravenous and subcutaneous injections of nanoparticulate carriers deliver exogenous nanoparticles directly into the human body without passing through the normal absorption process. These nanoparticulate carriers themselves may be responsible for toxicity and interaction with biological macromolecules within the human body. Second, insoluble nanoparticulate carriers may accumulate in human tissues or organs. Therefore, it is necessary to address the potential health and safety implications of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine. Toxicological studies for biosafety evaluation of these nanomaterials will be important for the continuous development of nanomedical science. This review summarizes the current knowledge on toxicology of nanomaterials, particularly on those used in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshun Zhao
- Public Health Department of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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117
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Teow Y, Valiyaveettil S. Active targeting of cancer cells using folic acid-conjugated platinum nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:2607-13. [PMID: 20936240 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of nanoparticles with human cells is an interesting topic for understanding toxicity and developing potential drug candidates. Water soluble platinum nanoparticles were synthesized via reduction of hexachloroplatinic acid using sodium borohydride in the presence of capping agents. The bioactivity of folic acid and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) capped platinum nanoparticles (Pt-nps) has been investigated using commercially available cell lines. In the cell viability experiments, PVP-capped nanoparticles were found to be less toxic (>80% viability), whereas, folic acid-capped platinum nanoparticles showed a reduced viability down to 24% after 72 h of exposure at a concentration of 100 μg ml(-1) for MCF7 breast cancer cells. Such toxicity, combined with the possibility to incorporate functional organic molecules as capping agents, can be used for developing new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Teow
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
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Yoshihisa Y, Zhao QL, Hassan MA, Wei ZL, Furuichi M, Miyamoto Y, Kondo T, Shimizu T. SOD/catalase mimetic platinum nanoparticles inhibit heat-induced apoptosis in human lymphoma U937 and HH cells. Free Radic Res 2010; 45:326-35. [PMID: 21047173 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2010.532494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) are known to possess anti-tumouric activity and the ability to scavenge superoxides and peroxides indicating that they can act as superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase mimetics. These potentials seem useful in the protection and/or amelioration of oxidative stress-associated pathologies, but, when they are combined with a therapeutic modality that depends upon the mediation of reactive oxygen species in cell killing induction, the effect of Pt-NPs might be questionable. Here, the effects of polyacrylic acid-capped Pt-NPs (nano-Pts) on hyperthermia (HT)-induced apoptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated in human myelomonocytic lymphoma U937 and human cutaneous T-cell lymphoma HH cells. The results showed that the pre-treatment with nano-Pts significantly inhibited HT-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Superoxide, but not peroxides, was suppressed to varying extents. All pathways involved in apoptosis execution were also negatively affected. The results reveal that the combination of nano-Pts and HT could result in HT-desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yoshihisa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Ng CT, Li JJ, Bay BH, Yung LYL. Current studies into the genotoxic effects of nanomaterials. J Nucleic Acids 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20936181 PMCID: PMC2946614 DOI: 10.4061/2010/947859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has created opportunities for engineers to manufacture superior and more efficient devices and products. Nanomaterials (NMs) are now widely used in consumer products as well as for research applications. However, while the lists of known toxic effects of nanomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) continue to grow, there is still a vast gap in our knowledge about the genotoxicity of NMs. In this paper, we highlight some NMs of interest and discuss the current in vivo and in vitro studies into genotoxic effects of NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Teng Ng
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore 117597
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121
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Srivastava RK, Pant AB, Kashyap MP, Kumar V, Lohani M, Jonas L, Rahman Q. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in human lung cancer cell line-A549. Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:195-207. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.503944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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