101
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Synergistic disruption of ERα/HER2 crosstalk by endoxifen and lapatinib in breast cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 79:117-130. [PMID: 27942916 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite decades of clinical success, tamoxifen therapy is complicated by inter-individual variability due to CYP450 polymorphism and resistance attributed to ERα/HER2 crosstalk. Direct administration of endoxifen shows promise in circumventing obligatory CYP450 bioactivation while maintaining efficacy. Separately, disruption of the crosstalk using probe antagonists against ERα (tamoxifen) and HER2 (e.g., lapatinib) has been explored clinically. However, the efficacy of this combination may be confounded by lapatinib, a potent inactivator of CYP3A4/5 which could negate the bioactivation of tamoxifen to the active metabolite endoxifen. Additionally, in a manner analogous to tamoxifen, endoxifen is similarly not immune to the development of ERα/HER2 crosstalk that could result in resistance. Simultaneous antagonism of ERα and HER2 using endoxifen and lapatinib could overcome these problems. METHODS Metabolism studies were performed in human liver microsomes to determine the extent of inhibition of tamoxifen bioactivation by lapatinib. Synergism of endoxifen and lapatinib was assessed using the combination index design in a panel of cell models exhibiting either a priori ERα/HER2 crosstalk (BT474) or acquired ERα/HER2 crosstalk (TAM-R and MCF-7/HER2). RESULTS Lapatinib inhibited tamoxifen bioactivation by up to 1.8-fold. Synergistic activity was uncovered for lapatinib and endoxifen against BT474, TAM-R and MCF-7/HER2 models of ERα/HER2 crosstalk. Western blot confirmed that endoxifen and lapatinib disrupted this crosstalk. CONCLUSION This forward-looking study extends the success of tamoxifen by exploring the effectiveness of combining the next-generation tamoxifen derivative, endoxifen with an anti-HER2 agent to combat ERα/HER2 crosstalk, and at the same time provides a solution to the predicted pharmacokinetic antagonism between lapatinib and tamoxifen.
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102
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Miekus K. The Met tyrosine kinase receptor as a therapeutic target and a potential cancer stem cell factor responsible for therapy resistance (Review). Oncol Rep 2016; 37:647-656. [PMID: 27959446 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The MET tyrosine kinase receptor plays an important role during tumor development and progression being responsible for proliferation, morphogenetic transformation, cell motility and invasiveness. High expression of the MET receptor has been shown to correlate with increased tumor growth and metastasis, poor prognosis and resistance to radiotherapy. Moreover, MET expression and activation has been shown to be associated with therapy resistance. The occurrence of resistance to targeted therapy might be related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cells in the tumor that possess the ability of self-renewal, clonogenicity, radioresistance and self-sustained protection from apoptosis. Recently, MET has been postulated as an essential factor supporting the functional stem cell phenotype in some tumors and as a CSC factor is believed to be responsible for therapy resistance. This review presents the results from recent studies identifying MET as a potential marker of CSCs and tumor initiating cells, demonstrating pivotal role of MET in supporting stem cell phenotype and indicating the role of MET in acquiring resistance to antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Miekus
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
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103
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Ming J, Ruan S, Wang M, Ye D, Fan N, Meng Q, Tian B, Huang T. A novel chemical, STF-083010, reverses tamoxifen-related drug resistance in breast cancer by inhibiting IRE1/XBP1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40692-703. [PMID: 26517687 PMCID: PMC4747362 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that the unfolded protein response (UPR) within the endoplasmic reticulum is correlated with breast cancer drug resistance. In particular, human X-box binding protein-1(XBP1), a transcription factor which participates in UPR stress signaling, is reported to correlate with poor clinical responsiveness to tamoxifen. In this study, we develop a tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cell line by treating the cell line with low concentration of tamoxifen, and we find that XBP1 is indeed up-regulated at both the mRNA and protein levels compared to normal MCF-7 cells. STF-083010, a novel inhibitor which specifically blocks the XBP1 splicing, reestablishes tamoxifen sensitivity to resistant MCF-7 cells. Moreover, co-treatment with STF-083010 and tamoxifen can significantly delay breast cancer progression in a xenograft mammary tumor model. We next investigate the expression of XBP1s in over 170 breast cancer patients' samples and the results demonstrate that XBP1s expression level is highly correlated with overall survival in the ER+ subgroup, but not in the ER− subgroup, suggesting a potential therapeutic application of XBP1 inhibitors in ER+breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ming
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Ruan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Fan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471009, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
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104
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An in vitro model for the development of acquired tamoxifen resistance. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 32:563-581. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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105
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Ke B, Tian M, Li J, Liu B, He G. Targeting Programmed Cell Death Using Small-Molecule Compounds to Improve Potential Cancer Therapy. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:983-1035. [PMID: 27357603 DOI: 10.1002/med.21398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Mao Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
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106
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A transcriptional repressive role for epithelial-specific ETS factor ELF3 on oestrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer cells. Biochem J 2016; 473:1047-61. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oestrogen receptor-α (ERα) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that primarily mediates oestrogen (E2)-dependent gene transcription required for mammary gland development. Coregulators critically regulate ERα transcription functions by directly interacting with it. In the present study, we report that ELF3, an epithelial-specific ETS transcription factor, acts as a transcriptional repressor of ERα. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis demonstrated that ELF3 strongly binds to ERα in the absence of E2, but ELF3 dissociation occurs upon E2 treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner suggesting that E2 negatively influences such interaction. Domain mapping studies further revealed that the ETS (E-twenty six) domain of ELF3 interacts with the DNA binding domain of ERα. Accordingly, ELF3 inhibited ERα’s DNA binding activity by preventing receptor dimerization, partly explaining the mechanism by which ELF3 represses ERα transcriptional activity. Ectopic expression of ELF3 decreases ERα transcriptional activity as demonstrated by oestrogen response elements (ERE)-luciferase reporter assay or by endogenous ERα target genes. Conversely ELF3 knockdown increases ERα transcriptional activity. Consistent with these results, ELF3 ectopic expression decreases E2-dependent MCF7 cell proliferation whereas ELF3 knockdown increases it. We also found that E2 induces ELF3 expression in MCF7 cells suggesting a negative feedback regulation of ERα signalling in breast cancer cells. A small peptide sequence of ELF3 derived through functional interaction between ERα and ELF3 could inhibit DNA binding activity of ERα and breast cancer cell growth. These findings demonstrate that ELF3 is a novel transcriptional repressor of ERα in breast cancer cells. Peptide interaction studies further represent a novel therapeutic option in breast cancer therapy.
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107
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Li G, Wu X, Qian W, Cai H, Sun X, Zhang W, Tan S, Wu Z, Qian P, Ding K, Lu X, Zhang X, Yan H, Song H, Guang S, Wu Q, Lobie PE, Shan G, Zhu T. CCAR1 5' UTR as a natural miRancer of miR-1254 overrides tamoxifen resistance. Cell Res 2016; 26:655-73. [PMID: 27002217 PMCID: PMC4897177 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) typically bind to unstructured miRNA-binding sites in target RNAs, leading to a mutual repression of expression. Here, we report that miR-1254 interacts with structured elements in cell cycle and apoptosis regulator 1 (CCAR1) 5′ untranslated region (UTR) and this interaction enhances the stability of both molecules. miR-1254 can also act as a repressor when binding to unstructured sites in its targets. Interestingly, structured miR-1254-targeting sites act as both a functional RNA motif-sensing unit, and an independent RNA functional unit that enhances miR-1254 expression. Artificially designed miRNA enhancers, termed “miRancers”, can stabilize and enhance the activity of miRNAs of interest. We further demonstrate that CCAR1 5′ UTR as a natural miRancer of endogenous miR-1254 re-sensitizes tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells to tamoxifen. Thus, our study presents a novel model of miRNA function, wherein highly structured miRancer-like motif-containing RNA fragments or miRancer molecules specifically interact with miRNAs, leading to reciprocal stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopeng Li
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Wenchang Qian
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Huayong Cai
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xinbao Sun
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Sheng Tan
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
| | - Keshuo Ding
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xuefei Lu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Haifeng Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shouhong Guang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qingfa Wu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Ge Shan
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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108
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Scherbakov AM, Sorokin DV, Tatarskiy VV, Prokhorov NS, Semina SE, Berstein LM, Krasil'nikov MA. The phenomenon of acquired resistance to metformin in breast cancer cells: The interaction of growth pathways and estrogen receptor signaling. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:281-92. [PMID: 26892736 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, a biguanide antidiabetic drug, is used to decrease hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recently, the epidemiological studies revealed the potential of metformin as an anti-tumor drug for several types of cancer, including breast cancer. Anti-tumor metformin action was found to be mediated, at least in part, via activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-intracellular energy sensor, which inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and some other signaling pathways. Nevertheless, some patients can be non-sensitive or resistant to metformin action. Here we analyzed the mechanism of the formation of metformin-resistant phenotype in breast cancer cells and its role in estrogen receptor (ER) regulation. The experiments were performed on the ER-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells and metformin-resistant MCF-7 subline (MCF-7/M) developed due to long-term metformin treatment. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB and ER was measured by the luciferase reporter gene analysis. The protein expression was determined by immunoblotting (Snail1, (phospho)AMPK, (phospho)IκBα, (phospho)mTOR, cyclin D1, (phospho)Akt and ERα) and immunohistochemical analysis (E-cadherin). We have found that: 1) metformin treatment of MCF-7 cells is accompanied with the stimulation of AMPK and inhibition of growth-related proteins including IκBα, NF-κB, cyclin D1 and ERα; 2) long-term metformin treatment lead to the appearance and progression of cross-resistance to metformin and tamoxifen; the resistant cells are characterized with the unaffected AMPK activity, but the irreversible ER suppression and constitutive activation of Akt/Snail1 signaling; 3) Akt/Snail1 signaling is involved into progression of metformin resistance. The results presented may be considered as the first evidence of the progression of cross-resistance to metformin and tamoxifen in breast cancer cells. Importantly, the acquired resistance to both drugs is based on the constitutive activation of Akt/Snail1/E-cadherin signaling that opens new perspectives to overcome the metformin/tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Scherbakov
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Oncology, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Danila V Sorokin
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor V Tatarskiy
- Laboratory of Cell Death Mechanisms, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay S Prokhorov
- Laboratory of Microbial Viruses, S.N. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana E Semina
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev M Berstein
- Laboratory of Oncoendocrinology, N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St, Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Krasil'nikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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109
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Egeland NG, Lunde S, Jonsdottir K, Lende TH, Cronin-Fenton D, Gilje B, Janssen EAM, Søiland H. The Role of MicroRNAs as Predictors of Response to Tamoxifen Treatment in Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24243-75. [PMID: 26473850 PMCID: PMC4632748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is a key treatment strategy to control or eradicate hormone-responsive breast cancer. However, resistance to endocrine therapy leads to breast cancer relapse. The recent extension of adjuvant tamoxifen treatment up to 10 years actualizes the need for identifying biological markers that may be used to monitor predictors of treatment response. MicroRNAs are promising biomarkers that may fill the gap between preclinical knowledge and clinical observations regarding endocrine resistance. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression by posttranscriptional repression or degradation of mRNA, most often leading to gene silencing. MicroRNAs have been identified directly in the primary tumor, but also in the circulation of breast cancer patients. The few available studies investigating microRNA in patients suggest that seven microRNAs (miR-10a, miR-26, miR-30c, miR-126a, miR-210, miR-342 and miR-519a) play a role in tamoxifen resistance. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) reveals that these seven microRNAs interact more readily with estrogen receptor (ER)-independent pathways than ER-related signaling pathways. Some of these pathways are targetable (e.g., PIK3CA), suggesting that microRNAs as biomarkers of endocrine resistance may have clinical value. Validation of the role of these candidate microRNAs in large prospective studies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina G Egeland
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Siri Lunde
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Kristin Jonsdottir
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Tone H Lende
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Deirdre Cronin-Fenton
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Science Center Skejby, Olof Palmes Allé 43, Aarhus N, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Bjørnar Gilje
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Emiel A M Janssen
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd Ragna Bloch Thorsens Gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Håvard Søiland
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011 Stavanger, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
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110
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de Anda-Jáuregui G, Mejía-Pedroza RA, Espinal-Enríquez J, Hernández-Lemus E. Crosstalk events in the estrogen signaling pathway may affect tamoxifen efficacy in breast cancer molecular subtypes. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 59 Pt B:42-54. [PMID: 26345254 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones are involved on cell growth, development and differentiation. Such effects are often mediated by steroid receptors. One paradigmatic example of this coupling is the estrogen signaling pathway. Its dysregulation is involved in most tumors of the mammary gland. It is thus an important pharmacological target in breast cancer. This pathway, however, crosstalks with several other molecular pathways, a fact that may have consequences for the effectiveness of hormone modulating drug therapies, such as tamoxifen. For this work, we performed a systematic analysis of the major routes involved in crosstalk phenomena with the estrogen pathway - based on gene expression experiments (819 samples) and pathway analysis (493 samples) - for biopsy-captured tissue and contrasted in two independent datasets with in vivo and in vitro pharmacological stimulation. Our results confirm the presence of a number of crosstalk events across the estrogen signaling pathway with others that are dysregulated in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. These may be involved in proliferation, invasiveness and apoptosis-evasion in patients. The results presented may open the way to new designs of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl A Mejía-Pedroza
- Computational Genomics Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico
| | - Jesús Espinal-Enríquez
- Computational Genomics Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico; Center for Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of México (UNAM), Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico; Center for Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of México (UNAM), Mexico.
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111
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Prashanth Kumar B, Rajput S, Bharti R, Parida S, Mandal M. BI2536 – A PLK inhibitor augments paclitaxel efficacy in suppressing tamoxifen induced senescence and resistance in breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 74:124-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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112
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Chronic oxidative stress causes estrogen-independent aggressive phenotype, and epigenetic inactivation of estrogen receptor alpha in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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113
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Kim HI, Kim T, Kim JE, Lee J, Heo J, Lee NR, Kim NJ, Inn KS. NJK14013, a novel synthetic estrogen receptor-α agonist, exhibits estrogen receptor-independent, tumor cell-specific cytotoxicity. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:280-6. [PMID: 25964080 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens act through interactions with estrogen receptors (ERs) to play diverse roles in various pathophysiological conditions. A number of synthetic selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, have been developed and used to treat ER-related diseases, including breast cancer and osteoporosis. Here, we identified a novel compound, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methanone-O-isopentyl oxime, designated NJK14013, as an ER agonist. NJK14013 activated ER-dependent transcription in a concentration-dependent manner, while suppressing androgen receptor-dependent transcriptional activity. It induced the activation-related phosphorylation of ER and enhanced the transcription of growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1), further supporting its ER-stimulating activity. NJK14013 exerted anti-proliferative effects on various cancer cell lines, including an ER-negative breast cancer cell line, suggesting that it is capable of suppressing the growth of cancer cells independent of its ER-modulating activity. In addition, NJK14013 treatment resulted in significant apoptotic death of MCF7 and Ishikawa cancer cells, but did not induce apoptosis in non-cancer human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that NJK14013 is a novel SERM that can activate ER-mediated transcription in MCF7 cells and suppress the proliferation of various cancer cells, including breast cancer cells and endometrial cancer cells. These results suggest that NJK14013 has potential as a novel SERM for anticancer or hormone-replacement therapy with reduced risk of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-In Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Taelim Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyuk Heo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Chanawong A, Hu DG, Meech R, Mackenzie PI, McKinnon RA. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B15 gene expression by the major active metabolites of tamoxifen, 4-hydroxytamoxifen and endoxifen, in breast cancer cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:889-97. [PMID: 25795461 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.062935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported upregulation of UGT2B15 by 17β-estradiol in breast cancer MCF7 cells via binding of the estrogen receptor α (ERα) to an estrogen response unit (ERU) in the proximal UGT2B15 promoter. In the present study, we show that this ERα-mediated upregulation was significantly reduced by two ER antagonists (fulvestrant and raloxifene) but was not affected by a third ER antagonist, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHTAM), a major active tamoxifen (TAM) metabolite. Furthermore, we found that, similar to 17β-estradiol, 4-OHTAM and endoxifen (another major active TAM metabolite) elevated UGT2B15 mRNA levels, and that this stimulation was significantly abrogated by fulvestrant. Further experiments using 4-OHTAM revealed a critical role for ERα in this regulation. Specifically; knockdown of ERα expression by anti-ERα small interfering RNA reduced the 4-OHTAM-mediated induction of UGT2B15 expression; 4-OHTAM activated the wild-type but not the ERU-mutated UGT2B15 promoter; and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed increased ERα occupancy at the UGT2B15 ERU in MCF7 cells upon exposure to 4-OHTAM. Together, these data indicate that both 17β-estradiol and the antiestrogen 4-OHTAM upregulate UGT2B15 in MCF7 cells via the same ERα-signaling pathway. This is consistent with previous observations that both 17β-estradiol and TAM upregulate a common set of genes in MCF7 cells via the ER-signaling pathway. As 4-OHTAM is a UGT2B15 substrate, the upregulation of UGT2B15 by 4-OHTAM in target breast cancer cells is likely to enhance local metabolism and inactivation of 4-OHTAM within the tumor. This represents a potential mechanism that may reduce TAM therapeutic efficacy or even contribute to the development of acquired TAM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichaya Chanawong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University School of Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dong Gui Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University School of Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University School of Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University School of Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University School of Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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115
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Sirotkin AV, Harrath AH. Phytoestrogens and their effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 741:230-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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116
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Kim HI, Quan FS, Kim JE, Lee NR, Kim HJ, Jo SJ, Lee CM, Jang DS, Inn KS. Inhibition of estrogen signaling through depletion of estrogen receptor alpha by ursolic acid and betulinic acid from Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 451:282-7. [PMID: 25088993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracts of Prunella vulgaris have been shown to exert antiestrogenic effects. To identify the compounds responsible for these actions, we isolated the constituents of P. vulgaris and tested their individual antiestrogenic effects. Rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ursolic acid (UA), oleanolic acid, hyperoside, rutin and betulinic acid (BA) were isolated from the flower stalks of P. vulgaris var. lilacina Nakai (Labiatae). Among these constituents, UA and BA showed significant antiestrogenic effects, measured as a decrease in the mRNA level of GREB1, an estrogen-responsive protein; the effects of BA were stronger than those of UA. UA and BA were capable of suppressing estrogen response element (ERE)-dependent luciferase activity and expression of estrogen-responsive genes in response to exposure to estradiol, further supporting the suppressive role of these compounds in estrogen-induced signaling. However, neither UA nor BA was capable of suppressing estrogen signaling in cells ectopically overexpressing estrogen receptor α (ERα). Furthermore, both mRNA and protein levels of ERα were reduced by treatment with UA or BA, suggesting that UA and BA inhibit estrogen signaling by suppressing the expression of ERα. Interestingly, both compounds enhanced prostate-specific antigen promoter activity. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that UA and BA are responsible for the antiestrogenic effects of P. vulgaris and suggest their potential use as therapeutic agents against estrogen-dependent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-In Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ji Jo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Min Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung-Heedaero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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