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Qin P, Xu L, Han T, Du L, Yu ACH. Effect of non-acoustic parameters on heterogeneous sonoporation mediated by single-pulse ultrasound and microbubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:107-115. [PMID: 26964929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sonoporation-transient plasma membrane perforation elicited by the interaction of ultrasound waves with microbubbles--has shown great potential for drug delivery and gene therapy. However, the heterogeneity of sonoporation introduces complexities and challenges in the realization of controllable and predictable drug delivery. The aim of this investigation was to understand how non-acoustic parameters (bubble related and bubble-cell interaction parameters) affect sonoporation. Using a customized ultrasound-exposure and fluorescence-imaging platform, we observed sonoporation dynamics at the single-cell level and quantified exogenous molecular uptake levels to characterize the degree of sonoporation. Sonovue microbubbles were introduced to passively regulate microbubble-to-cell distance and number, and bubble size. 1 MHz ultrasound with 10-cycle pulse duration and 0.6 MPa peak negative pressure were applied to trigger the inertial collapse of microbubbles. Our data revealed the impact of non-acoustic parameters on the heterogeneity of sonoporation. (i) The localized collapse of relatively small bubbles (diameter, D<5.5 μm) led to predictable sonoporation, the degree of which depended on the bubble-to-cell distance (d). No sonoporation was observed when d/D>1, whereas reversible sonoporation occurred when d/D<1. (ii) Large bubbles (D>5.5 μm) exhibited translational movement over large distances, resulting in unpredictable sonoporation. Translation towards the cell surface led to variable reversible sonoporation or irreversible sonoporation, and translation away from the cell caused either no or reversible sonoporation. (iii) The number of bubbles correlated positively with the degree of sonoporation when D<5.5 μm and d/D<1. Localized collapse of two to three bubbles mainly resulted in reversible sonoporation, whereas irreversible sonoporation was more likely following the collapse of four or more bubbles. These findings offer useful insight into the relationship between non-acoustic parameters and the degree of sonoporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qin
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianfang Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alfred C H Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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102
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Hui TH, Zhou ZL, Fong HW, Ngan RKC, Lee TY, Au JSK, Ngan AHW, Yip TTC, Lin Y. Characterizing the malignancy and drug resistance of cancer cells from their membrane resealing response. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26692. [PMID: 27225309 PMCID: PMC4880901 DOI: 10.1038/srep26692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, we showed that two tumor cell characteristics, namely the malignancy and drug-resistance status can be evaluated by their membrane resealing response. Specifically, membrane pores in a number of pairs of cancer and normal cell lines originated from nasopharynx, lung and intestine were introduced by nano-mechanical puncturing. Interestingly, such nanometer-sized holes in tumor cells can reseal ~2-3 times faster than those in the corresponding normal cells. Furthermore, the membrane resealing time in cancer cell lines exhibiting resistance to several leading chemotherapeutic drugs was also found to be substantially shorter than that in their drug-sensitive counterparts, demonstrating the potential of using this quantity as a novel marker for future cancer diagnosis and drug resistance detection. Finally, a simple model was proposed to explain the observed resealing dynamics of cells which suggested that the distinct response exhibited by normal, tumor and drug resistant cells is likely due to the different tension levels in their lipid membranes, a conclusion that is also supported by direct cortical tension measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. H. Hui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Z. L. Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H. W. Fong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Roger K. C. Ngan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T. Y. Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph S. K. Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A. H. W. Ngan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Timothy T. C. Yip
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y. Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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103
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Nanodroplet-Vaporization-Assisted Sonoporation for Highly Effective Delivery of Photothermal Treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24753. [PMID: 27094209 PMCID: PMC4837361 DOI: 10.1038/srep24753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonoporation refers to the use of ultrasound and acoustic cavitation to temporarily enhance the permeability of cellular membranes so as to enhance the delivery efficiency of therapeutic agents into cells. Microbubble-based ultrasound contrast agents are often used to facilitate these cavitation effects. This study used nanodroplets to significantly enhance the effectiveness of sonoporation relative to using conventional microbubbles. Significant enhancements were demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo by using gold nanorods encapsulated in nanodroplets for implementing plasmonic photothermal therapy. Combined excitation by ultrasound and laser radiation is used to trigger the gold nanodroplets to induce a liquid-to-gas phase change, which induces cavitation effects that are three-to-fivefold stronger than when using conventional microbubbles. Enhanced cavitation also leads to significant enhancement of the sonoporation effects. Our in vivo results show that nanodroplet-vaporization-assisted sonoporation can increase the treatment temperature by more than 10 °C above that achieved by microbubble-based sonoporation.
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104
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Santiesteban DY, Kubelick K, Dhada KS, Dumani D, Suggs L, Emelianov S. Monitoring/Imaging and Regenerative Agents for Enhancing Tissue Engineering Characterization and Therapies. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:750-72. [PMID: 26692081 PMCID: PMC4956083 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The past three decades have seen numerous advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) therapies. However, despite the successes there is still much to be done before TERM therapies become commonplace in clinic. One of the main obstacles is the lack of knowledge regarding complex tissue engineering processes. Imaging strategies, in conjunction with exogenous contrast agents, can aid in this endeavor by assessing in vivo therapeutic progress. The ability to uncover real-time treatment progress will help shed light on the complex tissue engineering processes and lead to development of improved, adaptive treatments. More importantly, the utilized exogenous contrast agents can double as therapeutic agents. Proper use of these Monitoring/Imaging and Regenerative Agents (MIRAs) can help increase TERM therapy successes and allow for clinical translation. While other fields have exploited similar particles for combining diagnostics and therapy, MIRA research is still in its beginning stages with much of the current research being focused on imaging or therapeutic applications, separately. Advancing MIRA research will have numerous impacts on achieving clinical translations of TERM therapies. Therefore, it is our goal to highlight current MIRA progress and suggest future research that can lead to effective TERM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Y Santiesteban
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kelsey Kubelick
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 777 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kabir S Dhada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Diego Dumani
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 777 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Laura Suggs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Stanislav Emelianov
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 777 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University School of Medicine, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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105
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Abstract
In recent decades ultrasound-guided delivery of drugs loaded on nanocarriers has been the focus of increasing attention to improve therapeutic treatments. Ultrasound has often been used in combination with microbubbles, micron-sized spherical gas-filled structures stabilized by a shell, to amplify the biophysical effects of the ultrasonic field. Nanometer size bubbles are defined nanobubbles. They were designed to obtain more efficient drug delivery systems. Indeed, their small sizes allow extravasation from blood vessels into surrounding tissues and ultrasound-targeted site-specific release with minimal invasiveness. Additionally, nanobubbles might be endowed with improved stability and longer residence time in systemic circulation. This review will describe the physico-chemical properties of nanobubbles, the formulation parameters and the drug loading approaches, besides potential applications as a therapeutic tool.
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106
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Hua X, Ding J, Li R, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Guo Y, Chen Q. Anti-tumor effect of ultrasound-induced Nordy-loaded microbubbles destruction. J Drug Target 2016; 24:703-8. [PMID: 26811100 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2016.1144058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthesized dl-Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (dl-NGDA or "Nordy") can inhibit the growth of malignant human tumors, especially the tumor angiogenesis. However, its liposoluble nature limits its in vivo efficacy in the hydrosoluble circulation of human. PURPOSE We tried to use the ultrasonic microbubble as the carrier and the ultrasound-induced destruction for the targeted release of Nordy and evaluate its in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect. METHODS Nordy-loaded lipid microbubbles were prepared by mechanical vibration. Effects of ultrasound-induced Nordy-loaded microbubbles destruction on proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), tumor derived endothelial cells (Td-ECs), and rabbit transplanted VX2 tumor models were evaluated. RESULTS The ultrasound-induced Nordy-loaded microbubbles destruction inhibited the proliferations of HUVECs and Td-ECs in vitro, and inhibited the tumor growth and the microvasculature in vivo. Its efficacy was higher than those of Nordy used only and Nordy with ultrasound exposure. CONCLUSION Ultrasonic microbubbles can be used as the carrier of Nordy and achieve its targeted release with improved anti-tumor efficacy in the condition of ultrasound-induced microbubbles destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Hua
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
| | - Jun Ding
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
| | - Rui Li
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
| | - Ying Zhang
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
| | - Zejun Huang
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
| | - Yanli Guo
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
| | - Qinghai Chen
- a Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital , Chongqing , China
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107
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Ramaswamy K, Marx V, Laser D, Kenny T, Chi T, Bailey M, Sorensen MD, Grubbs RH, Stoller ML. Targeted microbubbles: a novel application for the treatment of kidney stones. BJU Int 2015; 116:9-16. [PMID: 25402588 DOI: 10.1111/bju.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney stone disease is endemic. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was the first major technological breakthrough where focused shockwaves were used to fragment stones in the kidney or ureter. The shockwaves induced the formation of cavitation bubbles, whose collapse released energy at the stone, and the energy fragmented the kidney stones into pieces small enough to be passed spontaneously. Can the concept of microbubbles be used without the bulky machine? The logical progression was to manufacture these powerful microbubbles ex vivo and inject these bubbles directly into the collecting system. An external source can be used to induce cavitation once the microbubbles are at their target; the key is targeting these microbubbles to specifically bind to kidney stones. Two important observations have been established: (i) bisphosphonates attach to hydroxyapatite crystals with high affinity; and (ii) there is substantial hydroxyapatite in most kidney stones. The microbubbles can be equipped with bisphosphonate tags to specifically target kidney stones. These bubbles will preferentially bind to the stone and not surrounding tissue, reducing collateral damage. Ultrasound or another suitable form of energy is then applied causing the microbubbles to induce cavitation and fragment the stones. This can be used as an adjunct to ureteroscopy or percutaneous lithotripsy to aid in fragmentation. Randall's plaques, which also contain hydroxyapatite crystals, can also be targeted to pre-emptively destroy these stone precursors. Additionally, targeted microbubbles can aid in kidney stone diagnostics by virtue of being used as an adjunct to traditional imaging methods, especially useful in high-risk patient populations. This novel application of targeted microbubble technology not only represents the next frontier in minimally invasive stone surgery, but a platform technology for other areas of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Ramaswamy
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Marx
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Thomas Kenny
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Chi
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Bailey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mathew D Sorensen
- Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert H Grubbs
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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