101
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Neuroprotective effects of microRNA 124 in Parkinson's disease mice. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 99:104588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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102
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Fathi R. Optimization of urolithiasis treatment and diagnosis in the Turkestan region. J Med Life 2022; 15:344-349. [PMID: 35449989 PMCID: PMC9015170 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The article aims to identify the main problems in treating urological pathologies by analyzing scientific literature from this field and developing recommendations. The quantitative excretion of uric acid, urine volume, and pH are essential in the formation of uric acid stones. The most important risk factor for uric acid nephrolithiasis is the acidic reaction of urine, which is a prerequisite for the formation of urinary stones. When urine is alkalized, the pH should be 6-6.5. Drugs alkalize urine, and one should titrate using urine pH indicator paper until the level is stable. This study found that the spread of genitourinary diseases is increasing. This situation can be improved by monitoring and assessing epidemiological processes, preventing urological pathology, and optimizing medical care organization in the context of health care reform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fathi
- Medical Center ARAD-RI-ECO, LLP ARAD-RI, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan
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103
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He Y, Li L, Liu J. The whole-brain voxel-based morphometry study in early stage of T2DM patients. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2497. [PMID: 35138040 PMCID: PMC8933776 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the alterations in whole-brain gray matter density in early stage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with cognitive impairment using magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS Thirty-six cases of early stage T2DM patients with cognitive impairment (T2DM-CI), 34 cases of early stage T2DM patients without cognitive impairment (T2DM) and 30 cases of healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were used to identify the cognitive impairment. The whole-brain gray matter density was analyzed using 3D-T1 BRAVO imaging, using the voxel-based morphometry method on T1 structure imaging of two groups. RESULTS The correlation analysis of total gray matter density with MMSE and MoCA scores in the T2DM-CI group was performed. There were no significant differences in MMSE and MoCA scores between the HC and T2DM groups. However, the MMSE and MoCA scores in the T2DM-CI group were significantly reduced compared with the T2DM group. There were no significant differences in age, gender, education, body mass index (BMI) or blood pressure among the three groups. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) results showed that the density of left triangle part of inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus and opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus and left insula in the T2DM-CI group decreased compared with the T2DM group. Correlation analysis results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between total gray matter density and scores of MMSE and MoCA scores in the T2DM-CI group. CONCLUSION In conclusion, total gray matter density is positively correlated with the scores of MMSE and MoCA in T2DM patients, which may be an early sign of cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana He
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jihua Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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104
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Chen S, Bian H, Duan J. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Enhanced Anti-Tumor Activities of Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:1303-1312. [PMID: 35386184 PMCID: PMC8978695 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s349409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel (PTX) is an important oncologic chemotherapeutic agent against breast cancer, but breast cancer patients develop significant resistance to PTX during chemotherapy. Alterations in tubulin and associated proteins have been implicated in resistance to PTX. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) induces deep tumor penetration of anti-tumor agents in solid tumors. Methods We investigated the influence of HIFU on the anti-tumor activities of PTX in breast cancer. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in this research: mice were treated with 2 mg/Kg PTX through tail vein injection, while breast cancer cells were treated with 400 nM PTX. Cell viability was analyzed through Cell Counting Kit-8. Cell apoptosis was evaluated through Annexin-V/PI Apoptosis Analysis Kit. The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated by relative commercial kits. Results HIFU enhanced PTX-inhibited breast cancer cell viability and PTX-induced cell apoptosis. Simultaneous treatment of HIFU and PTX decreased the activities of CAT and SOD and increased the concentration of MDA. In mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumors, the treatment of HIFU and PTX significantly decreased tumor size, increased body weight and elevated animal survival. HIFU enhanced the distribution of PTX in tumor tissues. Conclusion The performance of HIFU promoted the distribution of PTX and enhanced its anti-tumor activities in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- Department 2 of Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Sha Chen, Department 2 of Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhua West Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18232858958, Email
| | - Hao Bian
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Duan
- Department 2 of Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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105
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Wang R, Qi B, Zhang X, Meng L, Wu X. Prophetic values of lung ultrasound score on post-extubation distress in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:27. [PMID: 35193686 PMCID: PMC8864851 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been a prevalent disease in ICU with mortality of up to 27–45%. A considerable proportion of extubated ARDS patients passing spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) still requires reintubation. Methods Lung ultrasonography (LUS) was used to predict the success rate of extubation. Ninety-two patients passing the 60-min SBT were included in this prospective research. Their clinical characters including LUS, APACHE II, SOFA, CPIS, EVLWI and PaO2/FiO2 were collected before the SBT. Another two LUS assessments were performed at the end of and 4 h after SBT. LUS results were evaluated and scored by two independent experts, and the correlations of LUS scores, APACHE-II scores, SOFA scores, CPIS and EVLWI with the success rate of extubation and rate of reintubation were analyzed. Results Failed weaning and reintubation of ARDS patients were correlated with higher LUS scores both before and after SBT. Post-extubation distress was correlated with higher APACHE-II scores, SOFA scores, CPIS and EVLWI before SBT. There were positive correlations between the LUS score and APACHE-II score, SOFA score, CPIS and EVLWI before SBT, respectively. Conclusion LUS score measured at the end of 60-min SBT could be used to predict post-extubation distress in ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Meng
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofei Wu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China.
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106
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Jia C, Zhang Z, Wang J, Nie Z. Silymarin protects the rats against paraquat-induced acute kidney injury via Nrf2. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221074334. [PMID: 35128959 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221074334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraquat (PQ) poisoning induces severe acute kidney injury and causes extremely high rate of death. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of silymarin on PQ-induced acute kidney injury and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A rat model was established through intraperitoneal injection of PQ. Rats were administrated with saline or silymarin for 3 days. Then, survival rate, physiological parameters, and renal injury score were evaluated. The apoptosis and oxidative stress in kidney tissues were determined through hematoxylin and eosin staining, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Silymarin administration could significantly increase the survival rate of PQ-poisoned rats. It was found that silymarin treatment improved renal function, decreased injury score in kidney tissues, and inhibited the apoptosis and oxidative stress in PQ-induced acute kidney injury through the activating the signaling pathway of Nrf2 and promoting its nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION Silymarin exhibited a protective effect against PQ-induced kidney injury, suggesting that treatment with this flavonoid could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jia
- Department of Emergency, 585241Xingtai People's Hospital of Hebei Province, Xingtai, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Emergency, 585241Xingtai People's Hospital of Hebei Province, Xingtai, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Emergency, 585241Xingtai People's Hospital of Hebei Province, Xingtai, China
| | - Z Nie
- Department of Emergency, 585241Xingtai People's Hospital of Hebei Province, Xingtai, China
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107
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Zhou X, Liu G, Xu M, Ying X, Li B, Cao F, Cheng S, Xiao B, Cheng M, Liang L, Jia M, Li W, Liu J, Li Z. Comprehensive analysis of PTEN-related ceRNA network revealing the key pathways WDFY3-AS2 - miR-21-5p/miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p - TIMP3 as potential biomarker in tumorigenesis and prognosis of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:508-523. [PMID: 35129856 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one of the most common malignancies, and there is still a lack of effective biomarkers for early detection and prognostic prediction. In here, we compared the characteristics of RNA sequencing data sets of KIRC samples based on the tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). The 1016 long noncoding RNAs, 48 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 2104 messenger RNAs associated with PTEN were identified and these genes were differentially expressed between tumor and paracancerous tissues. The most relevant pathway was found to be WDFY3-AS2 - miR-21-5p/miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p - TIMP3 according to the rules of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation. WDFY3-AS2 and TIMP3 expression were positively correlated and reduced in KIRC samples, while miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-222-3p were relatively highly expressed. The relatively low expression of WDFY3-AS2 and TIMP3 in KIRC were associated with poor prognosis in KIRC patients, while higher expression of miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-222-3p predicted reduced survival (p < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lower expression of WDFY3-AS2 and TIMP3 was significantly related to tumor grade, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage. The expression of TIMP3 in KIRC tissues was also verified by immunohistochemistry, and the results were consistent with our analytical data. In summary, this study constructed a new model with clinical predictive value and identified the WDFY3-AS2/TIMP3 pathway that was closely associated with the prognosis of KIRC, which could serve as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishan Zhou
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Guofeng Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Mo Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Xintao Ying
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Bianfeng Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Fengxi Cao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Shuqiang Cheng
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Beibei Xiao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Miao Cheng
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Mingxi Jia
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.,College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.,College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jiheng Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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108
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Sencanski M, Perovic V, Milicevic J, Todorovic T, Prodanovic R, Veljkovic V, Paessler S, Glisic S. Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease (PLpro) Inhibitors Using Combined Computational Approach. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202100248. [PMID: 35103413 PMCID: PMC8805381 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current pandemic, finding an effective drug to prevent or treat the infection is the highest priority. A rapid and safe approach to counteract COVID-19 is in silico drug repurposing. The SARS-CoV-2 PLpro promotes viral replication and modulates the host immune system, resulting in inhibition of the host antiviral innate immune response, and therefore is an attractive drug target. In this study, we used a combined in silico virtual screening for candidates for SARS-CoV-2 PLpro protease inhibitors. We used the Informational spectrum method applied for Small Molecules for searching the Drugbank database followed by molecular docking. After in silico screening of drug space, we identified 44 drugs as potential SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitors that we propose for further experimental testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Sencanski
- National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeMike Petrovica Alasa 12–1411000BelgradeSerbia
| | - Vladimir Perovic
- National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeMike Petrovica Alasa 12–1411000BelgradeSerbia
| | - Jelena Milicevic
- National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeMike Petrovica Alasa 12–1411000BelgradeSerbia
| | - Tamara Todorovic
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of BelgradeStudentski Trg 12–1611000BelgradeSerbia
| | - Radivoje Prodanovic
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of BelgradeStudentski Trg 12–1611000BelgradeSerbia
| | | | - Slobodan Paessler
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77550USA
- Institute for Human Infections and ImmunityUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555USA
| | - Sanja Glisic
- National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeMike Petrovica Alasa 12–1411000BelgradeSerbia
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109
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2D Ti 3C 2T xMXene couples electrical stimulation to promote proliferation and neural differentiation of neural stem cells. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:105-117. [PMID: 33348061 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies involving stem cells require efficient physiochemical regulations on the fate of such cells. Because of their unique planar structure, metallic conductivity, and flexible surface functionalization, MXenes show potential for modulating stem cell fate. Here, the Ti3C2TxMXenenanosheets are dispersed on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). When primary mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) are cultured on laminin-coated Ti3C2TxMXene film, they form stable adhesion, retain their proliferative ability, and show extensive spreading of terminal extensions. With respect to their functional activity, NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene films form more active and synchronous network activity than those cultured on TCPS substrates. Moreover, Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly promotes the neural differentiation and the neurons have longer neurites and greater numbers of branch points and branch tips. NSC-derived neurons grown on the Ti3C2Tx MXene film preserved normal synapse development. Finally, electrical stimulation coupled with Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly enhances the proliferation of NSCs. These results indicate that Ti3C2TxMXene is an efficient interface for the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSC and the maturation of NSC-derived neurons, which expands the potential uses of the MXene family of materials and provides new strategies for stem cell studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The 2DTi3C2TxMXenenanosheets were applied to be an interface for regulating neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene film possessed higher proliferative ability with higher and more synchronous electrical activities. Moreover, Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly promoted the neural differentiation ratio of NSCs, and the neurons derived from NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene film had longer neurites and greater numbers of branch points and branch tips.When electrical stimulation was applied to NSCs via the Ti3C2TxMXene film, it significantly enhanced the proliferation of NSCs. This work expands the potential uses of the MXene family of materials and provides new strategies for stem cell studies.
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110
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Hypoxia-induced RBBP7 promotes esophagus cancer progression by inducing CDK4 expression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:179-186. [PMID: 35538026 PMCID: PMC9909297 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2021027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced epigenetic regulation calls for more effective therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer. We used GEPIA and UALCAN databases to screen survival-related and cancer stage-associated genes. Eca109 and KYSE450 esophageal cancer cell lines were cultured under normoxia, hypoxia, or CoCl-induced hypoxia conditions, which were further transfected with plasmids expressing RB binding protein 7 (RBBP7), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1)-α, or RBBP7 shRNA. Colony formation and MTT assays were used to detect cell proliferation. Tumor sphere formation and stemness marker detection were applied to assess cell stemness. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect the relative mRNA level and protein expression, respectively. Luciferase assay was utilized to detect the direct interaction between HIF1α and RBBP7. Up-regulated RBBP7 was identified as one of the most prominent survival-related genes, which is negatively correlated with the overall survival (OS), disease recurrence-free survival (DFS), and tumor stages. Hypoxia-induced HIF1α up-regulates RBBP7 expression, which promotes esophagus cancer cell viability, proliferation, and stemness with increased cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) expression. Luciferase reporter assay verified that HIF1α transcriptionally regulates the expression of RBBP7. We conclude that hypoxia induces high expression of RBBP7 which is at least partially mediated by HIF1α, up-regulates the expression of downstream CDK4, and thereby promotes tumor progression in esophageal cancer cells.
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111
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Gao H, Wu H. Maslinic acid activates renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway and protects against diabetic nephropathy in mice. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:25. [PMID: 35042497 PMCID: PMC8767743 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-00935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy has been a devastating complication. Clinically, there is an urgent need for nephroprotective agents to delay the onset of diabetic nephropathy and ameliorate its symptoms. Maslinic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene acid with protective effect on multiple organs against oxidative stress and inflammation. In this research, we hypothesized that maslinic acid protects renal function against diabetic nephropathy. METHODS C57BL/6 J male mice administrated with 50 mg/kg of Streptozocin (STZ) daily were used to establish diabetic mouse model (blood glucose levels > 300 mg/dL). Urinary levels of albumin, total proteins, and creatinine were analyzed by an automatic analyzer. H&E staining was used to evaluate renal damage. qRT-PCR and ELISA were performed to investigate the inflammation and oxidative stress in renal tissues. Western blot was used to assess the activation of AMPK signaling. RESULTS Maslinic acid treatment alleviated the loss of body weight and blood glucose in diabetic mice. Renal structure and function were protected by maslinic acid in diabetic mice. 20 mg/kg maslinic acid treatment for 8 weeks significantly alleviated the oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney of diabetic rats. Maslinic acid treatment activated the renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Maslinic acid ameliorates diabetic nephropathy and activates the renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Gao
- Department of endocrinology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, No. 9 Zhongkang Street, Daqing, 163001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of endocrinology, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Aiguo Road No. 35, Daqing, 163453, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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112
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Deep Learning in the Classification of Stage of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B with Magnetic Resonance ADC Images. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2021:2015780. [PMID: 35024010 PMCID: PMC8716233 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2015780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B is the pathological repair response of the liver to chronic injury, which is a key step in the development of various chronic liver diseases to cirrhosis and an important link affecting the prognosis of chronic liver diseases. The further development of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B can lead to the disorder of hepatic lobule structure, nodular regeneration of hepatocytes, formation of a pseudolobular structure, namely, cirrhosis, clinical manifestations of liver dysfunction, and portal hypertension. So far, the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B has been made manually by doctors. However, this is very subjective and boring for doctors. Doctors are likely to be interfered with by external factors, such as fatigue and lack of sleep. This paper proposed a 5-layer deep convolution neural network structure for the automatic classification of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. In the 5-layer deep convolution neural network structure, there were three convolution layers and two fully connected layers, and each convolution layer was connected with a pooling layer. 123 ADC images were collected, and the following results were obtained: the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1, MCC, and FMI were 88.13% ± 1.47%, 81.45% ± 3.69%, 91.12% ± 1.72%, 80.49% ± 2.94%, 80.90% ± 2.39%, 72.36% ± 3.39%, and 80.94% ± 2.37%, respectively.
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113
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Zhang J, Li L, Xiu F. Sesamin inhibits cellular inflammation of microglial cells in the retina and alleviates diabetic retinopathy. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:405-411. [PMID: 35020533 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00466.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common micro-vascular complication of diabetes, and the leading cause of vision loss and blindness globally. Due to the unsatisfied outcome of current therapies, a novel strategy needs to be developed. BV2 microglial cells were treated with 25 natural compounds respectively in the stimulation of high glucose (HG), to screen for the potential candidate drug. Streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic mice were injected with different doses of the candidate Sesamin every two days for one month. Then, its protective role and possible mechanism were evaluated. Sesamin was selected as candidate drug due to its inhibition on the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in the screen assay. Sesamin also dose-dependently inhibited mRNA levels of HG-induced inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, activated NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduced oxidative stress by decreasing reactive oxygen species levels and increasing antioxidant enzymes in the BV2 and primary retinal microglia. Additionally, Sesamin alleviated brain-retinal barrier breakdown by Evan's blue leakage assay and reduced inflammation in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. In conclusion, Sesamin effectively inhibits HG-induced microglial inflammation in the retina both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that Sesamin might serve as a candidate drug for DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Fangwei Xiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong, China
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114
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Wu Q, Gai S, Zhang H. Asperulosidic Acid, a Bioactive Iridoid, Alleviates Placental Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Suppressing NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Pharmacology 2022; 107:197-205. [PMID: 35008094 DOI: 10.1159/000521080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asperulosidic acid (ASP) is a bioactive iridoid exerting broad pharmacological and medicinal properties. However, it is still unknown if ASP has therapeutical effects on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to evaluate the effects of ASP on GDM as well as its underlying mechanism. METHODS A mouse model of GDM was established and orally administrated ASP (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) on gestation day (GD) 0. The mice were sacrificed on GD 18. RESULTS Blood glucose and serum insulin were then determined. The inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α and oxidative stress biomarkers including MDA, SOD, GSH, and GPx were determined by using specific ELISAs. In addition, the expressions of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins were determined by using Western blotting. Treatment with ASP decreased blood glucose in the mouse model of GDM. Besides, ASP also increased serum insulin and attenuated β-cell function. Treatment with ASP suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α and regulated oxidative stress-related biomarkers. Western blotting analysis showed that treatment with ASP suppressed phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, ERK1/2, and p38 in placental tissues. CONCLUSION ASP alleviates placental oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in GDM by the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Shukun Gai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Lei Q, Deng M, Liu J, He J, Lan Z, Hu Z, Xiao H. SRC3 Promotes the Protective Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Cerebral Ischemia in a Mouse Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:112-119. [PMID: 34875163 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow (BM) are reported to protect against ischemic brain injury. This study aimed to investigate whether the steroid receptor cofactor 3 (SRC3) was involved in MSC-induced neuroprotection. BM-MSCs were isolated from wild-type (WT) and SRC3 knockout (SRC3-/-) mice and transplanted into mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The MSC identification and differentiation were determined by flow cytometry and Alizarin Red S staining after osteogenic and adipogenic stimulations. The effects of MSCs on brain injury were assessed by brain water content, modified neurological severity score (mNSS), Morris water maze test, and open field test. Finally, the effects of MSCs on MCAO-induced oxidative stress were assessed by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and mRNA levels of SOD1, SOD2, and CAT. We found that SRC3 deficiency did not impact the MSC identification or osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. MSC-SRC3-/- transplantation in mice that underwent the MCAO procedure exhibited diminished effects on suppression of brain edema, neurological deficits, cognitive disruption, locomotor impairment, and anxiety compared to comparable levels of MSC-WT. Finally, MSC-WT transplantation inhibited MCAO-induced oxidative stress, and the effects were significantly attenuated in MCAO mice transplanted with MSC-SRC3-/-. MSCs suppressed the MCAO-induced upregulation of MDA activity and the inhibition of SOD, GSH, SOD1, SOD2, and CAT levels, and SRC3-deficient MSCs showed significantly reduced effects. Our results indicate that SRC3 plays an important role in mediating the neuroprotective effects of MSCs in mice that experienced ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lei
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Mingyang Deng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ziwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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Tian F, Ma L, Zhao R, Ji L, Wang X, Sun W, Jiang Y. Correlation Between Matrix Metalloproteinases With Coronary Artery Lesion Caused by Kawasaki Disease. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:802217. [PMID: 35223694 PMCID: PMC8874123 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.802217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to clarify the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in coronary artery lesions (CAL). Serum samples were acquired from healthy, febrile, and Kawasaki disease (KD) children with or without CAL. Standard blood parameters were examined and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy was conducted on the KD patients and the changes of MMPs before and after treatment were compared. The correlations between MMP levels and clinical parameters were also evaluated. Compared to febrile and healthy controls, KD patients demonstrated clinical signs characteristic of abnormal immunoregulation. However, the clinical parameters of KD patients with or without CAL were not significantly different. MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels, however, were significantly higher in KD patients with CAL than those without CAL. IVIG treatment effectively downregulated the levels of MMPs in KD patients, which was more prominent in those with CAL. Significant correlations were found between MMP levels and some clinical parameters of KD, such as fever time, white blood cell count, etc. The upregulation of MMPs significantly correlates with coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) in KD patients, making it important biomarkers of CAL in KD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tian
- Heart Center of Women and Children Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Linxi Ma
- Nanchang University Queen Mary School, Nanchang, China
| | - Renbing Zhao
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Lijuan Ji
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Xiufen Wang
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Wenli Sun
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
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Iseppon F, Linley JE, Wood JN. Calcium imaging for analgesic drug discovery. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2022; 11:100083. [PMID: 35079661 PMCID: PMC8777277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium imaging is an efficient way to dissect the activity of neurons in vivo. GCaMP indicators can be expressed in specific cell populations for in vivo imaging. Pain research have benefitted greatly from these features in the recent decade. Preclinical research is shifting towards the analysis of pain models and mechanisms. In vivo calcium imaging is the ideal tool for an efficient drug discovery paradigm.
Somatosensation and pain are complex phenomena involving a rangeofspecialised cell types forming different circuits within the peripheral and central nervous systems. In recent decades, advances in the investigation of these networks, as well as their function in sensation, resulted from the constant evolution of electrophysiology and imaging techniques to allow the observation of cellular activity at the population level both in vitro and in vivo. Genetically encoded indicators of neuronal activity, combined with recent advances in DNA engineering and modern microscopy, offer powerful tools to dissect and visualise the activity of specific neuronal subpopulations with high spatial and temporal resolution. In recent years various groups developed in vivo imaging techniques to image calcium transients in the dorsal root ganglia, the spinal cord and the brain of anesthetised and awake, behaving animals to address fundamental questions in both the physiology and pathophysiology of somatosensation and pain. This approach, besides giving unprecedented details on the circuitry of innocuous and painful sensation, can be a very powerful tool for pharmacological research, from the characterisation of new potential drugs to the discovery of new, druggable targets within specific neuronal subpopulations. Here we summarise recent developments in calcium imaging for pain research, discuss technical challenges and advances, and examine the potential positive impact of this technique in early preclinical phases of the analgesic drug discovery process.
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Ren D, He L, Pang X. Association of CLTA-4 Gene Polymorphisms with Diabetes Mellitus: A Study Based on the Han Population of Northern China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2705-2712. [PMID: 36091483 PMCID: PMC9451031 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s374451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association of CLTA-4 gene polymorphism with Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (T1DM and T2DM) in the Han population of northern China. METHODS A total of 234 Chinese Han DM patients and 187 non-diabetic subjects were included in the study. Two gene polymorphisms of the CLTA-4, including CTLA-4+49A/G (rs231775) and CTLA4-318C/T (rs5742909), were studied using polymerase chain reaction-restriction endonuclease fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Chi-square analysis and Student's t-test were performed to determine the distribution of the gene polymorphism and alleles at the locus of CTLA4-318C/T and CTLA4+49A/G among T1DM and T2DM patients with or without diabetic ketosis (DK), diabetic nephropathy (DN) or autoantibodies (Ab). RESULTS Our results indicated that the distribution frequencies of genotypes and alleles at the CTLA-4+49A/G and CTLA4-318C/T loci of T1DM patients were not significantly different from those of the controls. However, the distribution frequencies of genotypes and alleles at the CTLA-4+49A/G loci of T2DM patients were significantly different from the controls (P=0.024 for genotypes and P=0.004 for A and G alleles). Besides, the A and G alleles at the CTLA4-318C/T loci of T2DM DK+ patients showed significantly different distribution frequencies compared to those of the T2DM DK patients (P=0.001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the gene polymorphisms of CTLA-4, including CTLA-4+49A/G and CTLA4-318C/T, are important predictors of DM. CTLA-4 may be a susceptibility gene for T2DM. Patients with T2DM carrying the T allele at the CTLA4-318 C/T locus are more predisposed to diabetic ketosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Ren
- Department of Emergency, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin He
- Good Clinical Practice Institution, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Pang
- Department of Emergency, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaoling Pang, Department of Emergency, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18900913992, Email
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Chen Z, Zige L, Sai Kiang Y, Desheng C. Experimental Study on the Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation In Vitro by Metformin Hydrochloride. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:6778332. [PMID: 36132487 PMCID: PMC9484974 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6778332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Establishment of an in vitro osteoclast induction model under nuclear factor-κB receptor activator ligand (RANKL) induction for investigating the effect of metformin hydrochloride (Met) on osteoclast differentiation. METHODS RANKL induced the differentiation of mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) into osteoclasts in vitro, and Met was added at different concentrations for intervention during the induction process. After 5 d of culture and fixation, the number of osteoclasts was counted by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and F-actin staining, and the function of osteoclasts was examined with hydroxyapatite-coated plates. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to detect the expression of Cathepsin K, osteoclast associated receptor (OSCAR), and TRAP, and the effect of Met on Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway was detected by Western blot. RESULTS Met significantly reduced osteoclast formation, F-actin ring formation, bone resorption, and the expression of relevant genes Cathepsin K, OSCAR, and TRAP. The Western blotting study demonstrated that Met inhibited the MAPK signaling pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), which plays important roles in osteoclast formation. CONCLUSION Metformin hydrochloride inhibited the differentiation of osteoclasts, decreased the bone resorption area, and suppressed phosphorylation of ERK in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liu Zige
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yeow Sai Kiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chen Desheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
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Matsumoto H, Miyagi H, Nakamura N, Shiga Y, Ohta T, Fujiwara S, Tsuzuki M. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor induces otic hair cell apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway and ER stress in zebrafish larvae. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1937-1947. [PMID: 34926172 PMCID: PMC8648832 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CA inhibitor EZA causes lateral line organ death in zebrafish larvae. Neuromast hair cells are especially sensitive to EZA during embryo development. EZA induces apoptosis in otic hair cells via an intrinsic pathway and ER stress.
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) catalyzes reversible hydration of CO2 to HCO3− to mediate pH and ion homeostasis. Some chemical pollutants have been reported to have inhibitory effects on fish CA. In this study, we investigated effects of a CA inhibitor ethoxyzolamide (EZA) on neuromasts development during zebrafish embryogenesis, since embryogenesis in aquatic organisms can be particularly sensitive to water pollution. EZA caused alteration of pH and calcium concentration and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in larvae, and induced apoptosis in hair cells especially in the otic neuromast, in which CA2 was distributed on the body surface. mRNA levels of apoptotic genes and caspase activities were increased by EZA, whereas anti-oxidants and apoptotic inhibitors, Bax, NF-κB, and p53 inhibitors significantly relieved the induction of hair cell death. Also, mRNA levels of Bip and CHOP, which are induced in response to ER stress, were upregulated by EZA, suggesting that EZA induces otic hair cell apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and ER stress. Our results demonstrated an essential role of CA in neuromast development via maintenance of ion transport and pH, and that the CA, which is directly exposed to the ambient water, shows marked sensitivity to EZA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Matsumoto
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hisako Miyagi
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B13 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B13 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shiga
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ohta
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shoko Fujiwara
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
- Corresponding author at: School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Mikio Tsuzuki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Li M, Hou X, Zhang R, Zheng X, Dang W. Apolipoprotein E deficiency correlates to oxidative stress in gestational diabetes mellitus. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 159:204-212. [PMID: 34929050 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Obstetrics Cangzhou Central Hospital No.16 Xinhuaxi Road Cangzhou 061001 Hebei China
| | - Xiuzhen Hou
- Department of Obstetrics Cangzhou Central Hospital No.16 Xinhuaxi Road Cangzhou 061001 Hebei China
| | - Rongju Zhang
- Department of Pathology Cangzhou Central Hospital No.16 Xinhuaxi Road Cangzhou 061001 Hebei China
| | - Xinying Zheng
- Nursing Department Cangzhou Central Hospital No.16 Xinhuaxi Road Cangzhou 061001 Hebei China
| | - Wanli Dang
- Department of Pathology Cangzhou Central Hospital No.16 Xinhuaxi Road Cangzhou 061001 Hebei China
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Xiao S, Luo Y, Guo L, Zhang J, Mu L, Ye Z. Comparison of doses of heparin for venous thromboembolism and bleeding in pregnant women. J Investig Med 2021; 70:773-779. [PMID: 34921124 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation criteria for dosage of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for pregnant women at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remain unclear. A retrospective study was performed to investigate the relative appropriate LMWH administration strategy and dosage for pregnant women at risk of VTE. 219 pregnant women with perinatal and postpartum VTE were reviewed and divided into group A (fixed dose group: n=73, 5000 IU dalteparin daily for all women), group B (weight group: n=73, 2500 IU dalteparin daily for women less than 50 kg; 5000 IU dalteparin daily for women more than 50 kg), and group C (anti-factor Xa (FXa) + weight group: n=73, 5000 IU once daily for women less than 50 kg; 7500 IU once daily for women weighing 50-80 kg; 10,000 IU once daily for women weighing over 80 kg). Further dose administration was adjusted according to peak anti-FXa level, maintaining the peak at the 0.5-1.0 IU/mL range. Women in group C presented lower incidence of VTE and other pregnancy complications than group A and group B. Adjusting the dosage of LMWH according to both weight and anti-FXa level of pregnant women not only prevented VTE but also reduced the risk of postpartum hemorrhage induced by LMWH administration. In addition, adjusting the dose of LMWH according to anti-FXa level and body weight also affected the recurrence of VTE and the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuancai Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Mu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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A designed nanomedicine reprogrammes the phenotype and enhances the phagocytic ability of macrophages to ameliorate lung cancer in a mouse model. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Li J, Liu X, Chen M, Wang J, Wang X. Values of serum CA125, NSE and 24-hour urine VMA in diagnosis and prediction of treatment of paediatric neuroblastoma. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14932. [PMID: 34606672 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric neuroblastoma is a relatively common type of malignant tumour originating from neural crest tissues. Early diagnosis and the performance of specific therapeutic strategies can increase the survival rate and improve the prognosis of children with neuroblastoma. METHODS A total of 86 children with neuroblastoma were recruited in this research, and 50 healthy children aged 1-12 years were also selected as controls. Twenty-four-hour urine vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum carbohydrate antigen 125 CA125 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were evaluated by electrochemiluminescence in Cobas E411 autoanalyser. RESULTS The serum CA125, NSE and 24-hour urine VMA levels of children with stage III-IVs neuroblastoma were significantly higher than those of children with clinical stages I-II; the serum CA125, NSE and 24-hour urine VMA levels of children in the effective treatment group were significantly lower than those in the treatment-ineffective group. The serum CA125 generated sensitivity and specificity of 71.88% and 59.26%, combined with an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.7049. The serum NSE generated sensitivity and specificity of 68.75% and 81.48%, combined with an AUC of 0.7407. The 24-hour urine VMA generated sensitivity and specificity of 90.63% and 59.26%, combined with an AUC of 0.7986. CONCLUSION In conclusion, serum CA125, NSE and 24-hour urine VMA levels before treatment could assess the condition of children with neuroblastoma and predict the effect of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmin Li
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Children's Hospital District, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Children's Hospital District, Cangzhou, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Disinfection & Supply Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Children's Hospital District, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xinning Wang
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Children's Hospital District, Cangzhou, China
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Zong F, Zhao Y. Alkaloid leonurine exerts anti-inflammatory effects via modulating MST1 expression in trophoblast cells. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:1439-1446. [PMID: 34318610 PMCID: PMC8589353 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia (PE) is mainly attributed to the inflammation of trophoblast cells in pregnant women, which results in damage to the maternal organs and growth retardation of the fetus. Alkaloid leonurine (LNR) is a plant compound and has anti-inflammatory effects. Here we aimed to investigate the effects of LNR on human and mouse trophoblast cells and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The levels of the inflammatory factors in trophoblast cells under lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation were analyzed with ELISA. Western blot was employed to examine the protein expression. Trophoblast cells in Mammalian ste20-like kinase 1 (MST1-/- ) or wild type (WT) mice were isolated to examine the expression of signal molecules in the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Concentration-dependent activity of NF-κB was examined. The regulation of LNR and MST1 in MST1-/- trophoblast cells was studied as well. RESULTS Our data showed that LNR exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and suppressed the NF-κB signaling by inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation in trophoblast cells. LNR upregulated the expression of MST1, and the anti-inflammatory role of LNR was greatly relieved in MST1-knockout trophoblast cells, although it displayed weak roles in NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION LNR exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on human and mouse trophoblast cells by upregulating MST1 in the NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zong
- Department 3 of ObstetricsCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouChina
| | - Yingzi Zhao
- Department 3 of ObstetricsCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouChina
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Chen R, Kang Z, Wang Y, Zhao J, Li S. The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Dexmedetomidine Administration on Patients Undergoing Intestinal Surgery: A Randomized Study. Drugs R D 2021; 21:445-453. [PMID: 34750767 PMCID: PMC8602546 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-021-00368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, anti-sympathetic and stress-reducing effects. It has been widely used as an adjunct for general anesthesia of multiple surgeries. However, the relationship between the utilization of dexmedetomidine in intestinal surgery and the postoperative inflammatory response of patients remains unclear. Methods A randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial was performed. Eighty-six patients assigned for intestinal surgery were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups (dexmedetomidine group, n = 40; control group, n = 40) [six participants were excluded due to multiple reasons, such as allergy and drug use history]. The clinical characteristics and physiological outcomes of participants who received different treatments (dexmedetomidine and 0.9% sodium chloride) were collected and analyzed. Blood samples of the two groups were collected before administration (T0), 10 min after pumping dexmedetomidine/saline solution (T1), immediately after the operation started (T2), 30 min after the operation started (T3), and immediately after the operation ended (T4). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to evaluate the proinflammatory factors. Results Intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine before intestinal surgery decreased a variety of circulating proinflammatory factors. Dexmedetomidine alleviated the stress response and promoted the recovery of cognitive ability among patients undergoing intestinal surgery. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine administration in patients undergoing intestinal surgery inhibited the surgery-induced inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushuang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhenming Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Yaduan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Shunyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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Baek SH, Jang YK. AMBRA1 Negatively Regulates the Function of ALDH1B1, a Cancer Stem Cell Marker, by Controlling Its Ubiquitination. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12079. [PMID: 34769507 PMCID: PMC8584921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating molecule in Beclin-1-regulated autophagy (AMBRA1), a negative regulator of tumorigenesis, is a substrate receptor of the ubiquitin conjugation system. ALDH1B1, an aldehyde dehydrogenase, is a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker that is required for carcinogenesis via upregulation of the β-catenin pathway. Although accumulating evidence suggests a role for ubiquitination in the regulation of CSC markers, the ubiquitination-mediated regulation of ALDH1B1 has not been unraveled. While proteome analysis has suggested that AMBRA1 and ALDH1B1 can interact, their interaction has not been validated. Here, we show that AMBRA1 is a negative regulator of ALDH1B1. The expression of ALDH1B1-regulated genes, including PTEN, CTNNB1 (β-catenin), and CSC-related β-catenin target genes, is inversely regulated by AMBRA1, suggesting a negative regulatory role of AMBRA1 in the expression of ALDH1B1-regulated genes. We found that the K27- and K33-linked ubiquitination of ALDH1B1 is mediated via the cooperation of AMBRA1 with other E3 ligases, such as TRAF6. Importantly, ubiquitination site mapping revealed that K506, K511, and K515 are important for the K27-linked ubiquitination of ALDH1B1, while K33-linked ubiquitination occurs at K506. A ubiquitination-defective mutant of ALDH1B1 increased the self-association ability of ALDH1B1, suggesting a negative correlation between the ubiquitination and self-association of ALDH1B1. Together, our findings indicate that ALDH1B1 is negatively regulated by AMBRA1-mediated noncanonical ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Heon Baek
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- BK21 Yonsei Education & Research Center for Biosystems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yeun-Kyu Jang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- BK21 Yonsei Education & Research Center for Biosystems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Liu J, Su Y, Liu X, Zhuang J, Yang Y, Guan G. Clinical analysis of metastatic characteristics of infrapyloric lymph nodes (No.206) and terminal ileum lymph nodes in patients with right colon cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:310. [PMID: 34674722 PMCID: PMC8532261 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND D3 or complete mesocolic excision (CME) surgery has become a common surgical procedure for the treatment of colon cancer metastasis. Clinical misuse and overuse of lymph node dissection bring unnecessary burdens to patients. A detailed guidance for lymph node dissection in patients with T3 and T4 stage right colon cancer at different locations is urgently needed. METHODS A retrospective study was performed. Patients received D3 or CME surgery were divided into ileocecal group, ascending colon group, and hepatic flexure group according to the 9th edition of the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum guidelines. The distributions of lymph node metastases were analyzed according to tumor infiltration depth (T stage) and tumor location. RESULTS The incidence of metastases in the paracolic area (or station), intermediate area, and main (or central) area was 38.4% (139/362), 12.7% (46/362), and 9.7% (35/362), respectively. The proportion of patients having No.206 and terminal ileum lymph nodes metastases was 7.7% (14/181) and 3.7% (9/244), respectively. No.206 lymph node metastasis is related to tumor location (χ2 = 7.955, p = 0.019) and degree of differentiation (χ2 = 18.99, p = 0.000), and terminal ileum lymph node metastasis is related to tumor location (χ2 = 6.273, p = 0.043). Patients with T3/T4 hepatic flexure cancer received radical right hemicolectomy in addition to No.206 lymph node dissection. CONCLUSION Radical right hemicolectomy and No.206 group lymph node dissection are necessary for T3 and T4 stage colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 Dong Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yibin Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 Dong Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Jinfu Zhuang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanfeng Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Guoxian Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
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Guo D, Ma S, Zhao Y, Dong J, Guo B, Li X. Self-administered acupressure and exercise for patients with osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2021; 36:350-358. [PMID: 34658285 DOI: 10.1177/02692155211049155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative joint disease and seriously affects the athletic abilities of middle-aged and elderly patients. Acupressure is a traditional non-pharmacological intervention that promotes blood circulation and muscle activity. Self-administrated acupressure and exercise can be potential management for knee osteoarthritis. DESIGN It is a randomized and controlled trial for knee osteoarthritis self-treatment. SETTINGS Cangzhou Hospital. INTERVENTIONS 221 patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited and randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (n = 55), exercise group (n = 56), acupressure group (n = 55) and exercise & acupressure group (n = 55). In the first eight weeks, corresponding training courses were provided to different groups of patients. The patients were asked to carry out their own corresponding interventions for 16 weeks. The patient's condition was evaluated in the sixteenth week. MAIN MEASURES The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities global scores of knee osteoarthritis patients were assessed at the 8th and 16th week of our trial. RESULTS Self-administered acupressure and exercise significantly decreased visual analogue scale (3.75 ± 1.89 versus 2.93 ± 1.73, p < 0.05), pain (7.6 ± 2.8 versus 4.8 ± 2.7, p < 0.05), stiffness (3.75 ± 1.89 versus 2.93 ± 1.73, p < 0.05) at the 16th week (p < 0.05) in patients with knee osteoarthritis compared to other intervention. The combination of acupressure and exercise also improved the range of motion (114.4 ± 11.5 versus 120.4 ± 11.9, p < 0.05) and walk speed (1.48 ± 0.48 versus 1.76 ± 0.50, p < 0.05) of osteoarthritis patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Self-administrated exercise and acupressure alleviate the arthritic symptoms (swelling, pain, joint dysfunction and joint deformities) and improve the joint functions, supporting its potential use in the clinical management for osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Shiqiang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yunchao Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Binfang Guo
- Department of Neonatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Zhang W, Wu Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Ma C, Zhu W. LncRNA HOTAIR promotes chemoresistance by facilitating epithelial to mesenchymal transition through miR-29b/PTEN/PI3K signaling in cervical cancer. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 211:16-29. [PMID: 34571508 DOI: 10.1159/000519844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongwei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xujie Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengbin Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weipei Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Han G, Li M, Du J, Chen Y, Xu C. Nucleotide-Oligomerizing Domain-1 Activation Exaggerates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary-Like Disease in Mice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2605-2615. [PMID: 34556981 PMCID: PMC8453445 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s323616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition related to abnormal inflammatory responses. As an inflammatory driver, nucleotide-binding oligomerizing domain-1 (NOD1) is highly expressed in pulmonary inflammatory cells; however, the roles of NOD1 in COPD are unknown. Methods A COPD mouse model was established by lipopolysaccharides tracheal instillation plus cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. NOD1 activation was induced by C12-iE-DAP (iE) treatment in both control and COPD mice. Inflammatory infiltration, pulmonary histological damage and gene expression were measured to evaluate the lung function of treated mice. Results The results showed that NOD1 was up-regulated in COPD mice, which significantly exaggerated CS-induced impairment of lung function, demonstrated by increased airway resistance, functional residual capacity and pulmonary damages. Mechanistically, NOD1 activation strongly activated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and then increased inflammatory responses and promoted the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Discussion This study demonstrates that NOD1 is an important risk factor in the progression of COPD; therefore, targeting NOD1 in lung tissues is a potential strategy for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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Jovanović JĐ, Antonijević M, El‐Emam AA, Marković Z. Comparative MD Study of Inhibitory Activity of Opaganib and Adamantane-Isothiourea Derivatives toward COVID-19 Main Protease M pro. ChemistrySelect 2021; 6:8603-8610. [PMID: 34909459 PMCID: PMC8662094 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the inhibitory potency of four adamantly- isothiourea derivatives (compounds 1 [4-bromobenzyl (Z)-N'-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-phenylpiperazine-1-carbothioimidate], 2 [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl (Z)-N'-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-phenylpiperazine-1-carbothioimidate], 3 [4-bromobenzyl (Z)-N-(adamantan-1-yl)morpholine-4-carbothioimidate] and 4 [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl (Z)-N-(adamantan-1-yl)morpholine-4-carbothioimidate]) was evaluated against SARS-CoV-2 targeted proteins. The investigated compounds 1-4 possess a similar structure to opaganib, which is used in studies like a potential drug for COVID-19 treatment. Since examined adamantly-isothiourea derivatives (1-4) shown broad-spectrum of antibacterial activity and significant in vitro cytotoxic effects against five human tumor cell lines and shown similarity in structure with opaganib, it was of interest to study their inhibitory potency toward some SARS-CoV-2 proteins such as SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro and mutation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) Protein D614G. The inhibitory potency of studied compounds is examined using molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. The results of molecular docking simulations indicate compound 1 as the most prominent candidate of inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro (▵Gbind=11.24 kcal/mol), while almost the same inhibition potency of all studied compounds is exhibited toward D614G. Regarding the results obtained by molecular dynamic simulations, compounds 1 and 4 possess similar inhibitory potency toward SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro as opaganib (▵Gbind ≈ 40 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Đorović Jovanović
- Department of ScienceInstitute for Information TechnologiesUniversity of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb34000Kragujevac, Republic ofSerbia
| | - Marko Antonijević
- Department of ScienceInstitute for Information TechnologiesUniversity of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb34000Kragujevac, Republic ofSerbia
| | - Ali A. El‐Emam
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt
| | - Zoran Marković
- Department of ScienceInstitute for Information TechnologiesUniversity of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb34000Kragujevac, Republic ofSerbia
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The critical function of miR-1323/Il6 axis in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2021; 97:552-558. [PMID: 33347836 PMCID: PMC9432136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory infection in children. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and IL-6 have correlation with Mycoplasma pneumoniae lung infection and MPP pathogenesis. METHOD miRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of various diseases by regulating the development and differentiation of the immune cell. Blood was collected and total RNA was isolated. miRNA microarrays were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in MPP patients. The levels of relative miRNAs and mRNAs were evaluated by qRT-PCR. RESULTS There are 23 differentially expressed miRNAs in MPP children's plasma, 15 miRNAs had enhanced expression and 8 had depressed expression. MPP patients showed lower mir-1323 level in blood samples than healthy controls. MPP patients with pleural effusion had much higher Il6 and Il17a mRNA levels than those without pleural effusion. The expression level of Il6 had a negative correlation with miR-1323 level. In the human THP-1 cell line, the level of miR-1323 was significantly reduced through lipopolysaccharides treatment. In THP-1 cells, overexpression or silencing of miR-1323 significantly reduced or promoted Il6 expression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, miR-1323 targets the mRNA of Il6 and inhibits the expression of Il6. The pathogenesis of MPP inhibits the expression of miR-1323 in macrophages, triggers the overexpression of Il6, and enhances inflammation response.
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Wang Z, Lv J, Li X, Lin Q. The flavonoid Astragalin shows anti-tumor activity and inhibits PI3K/AKT signaling in gastric cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:779-786. [PMID: 34396710 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant cancer, which is one of the most affected cancers by PI3K/AKT signaling. Here, we investigated the anti-tumor role of Astragalin, a natural flavonoid compound, in gastric cancer and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. Three well-established gastric cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse model were used to examine the anti-tumor effect of Astragalin by using CCK-8, transwell assays, and Western blot. Tumor burden of xenograft mice with Astragalin administration was monitored and determined during and at end of the experiments. Astragalin could effectively inhibit cell viability of gastric cancer cells and possessed good anti-tumor activity in xenograft mice. In addition, astragalin induced the expression of apoptotic signaling proteins, suppressed the migration and invasion cancer cells, and inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway significantly. In contrast, epidermal growth factor stimulation was able to block the anti-tumor activity of Astragalin. In conclusion, astragalin exerts its anticancer activities through inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling, which highlights its potential for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Golden Time Health Nursing Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiufang Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Macrophage polarization synergizes with oxaliplatin in lung cancer immunotherapy via enhanced tumor cell phagocytosis. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101202. [PMID: 34390893 PMCID: PMC8365514 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
LLC cells pretreated with OXA were more prone to be phagocytized by M1 than M2 macrophages. M2 repolarized to M1 by R848 in vitro showed enhanced phagocytic ability to OXA-treated LLC cells. Macrophage polarization from pro-tumor M2 to anti-tumor M1 synergizes with OXA.
Calreticulin (CALR) exposure is required for most immunogenic cell death (ICD) in the anti-tumor immunity induced by chemotherapeutic agents. The present study aimed to explore the anti-tumor efficacy of the combined administration of oxaliplatin (OXA) and R848 (an agent for macrophage polarization) in lung cancer cells. Flow cytometry and immunostaining assays were performed to evaluate CALR exposure induced by OXA in the murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. The phagocytosis of macrophages was determined using flow cytometry and western blotting assays. The anti-tumor efficacy of the OXA and R848 combination was evaluated using flow cytometry and western blotting in vitro and in vivo. OXA induced CALR exposure on the surface of LLC cells after low dose and short duration of treatment (20 μM OXA for 24 h). LLC cells pretreated with OXA were more prone to be phagocytized by M1 than M2 macrophages. M2 macrophages repolarized to M1 by R848 in vitro showed enhanced phagocytic ability to OXA-treated LLC cells. Finally, combined administration of OXA and R848 exhibited a synergistic anti-tumor effect than single agent applied in vitro and in vivo. Macrophage polarization from pro-tumor M2 to anti-tumor M1 synergizes with OXA in lung cancer immunotherapy via enhanced tumor cell phagocytosis.
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136
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Xing J, Liu J, Geng T. Predictive values of sST2 and IL-33 for heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2480-2486. [PMID: 34342552 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211034144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Timely prediction of the risk of heart failure in acute myocardial infarction patients is critical for better prognosis. This article aims to evaluate the predictive value of serum soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2) and interleukin-33 in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure. A total of 42 healthy controls and 144 acute myocardial infarction patients were recruited in the study. According to Killip cardiac function classification as the basis for concurrent heart failure, they were distributed into non-heart failure group (n = 76) and heart failure group (n = 68). ELISA was utilized to determine the serum sST2 and interleukin-33 levels, and the diagnostic efficiency was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics curve. sST2 and interleukin-33 levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction were significantly increased when compared with normal healthy controls, and were further enhanced in the heart failure group. With the increased Killip cardiac function classification, interleukin-33 and sST2 levels were gradually elevated. Multivariate analysis indicated that interleukin-33 and sST2 could be used as independent predictors for heart failure combined with acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Xing
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Tao Geng
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, China
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Mao Y, Qu Y, Wang Q. Cryptotanshinone reduces neurotoxicity induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury involving modulation of microglial polarization. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2021; 39:209-220. [PMID: 34219678 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-201070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diterpenoid cryptotanshinone (CTS) has wide biological functions, including inhibition of tumor growth, inflammation and apoptosis. The present study aimed to explore the possible effect of CTS on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and murine microglia BV2 cells were challenged by Oxygen/glucose deprivation, to mimic I/R and ischemic/hypoxic and reperfusion (H/R) injury, respectively. CTS was administered 0.5 h (10 mg/kg) after the onset of MCAO or 2 h (20μM) post OGD. Infarct volume and neurological deficit were measured. Immunofluorescence, qPCR, and western blot, were performed to detect the expression of cytokines, apoptotic marker, and M1/M2 phenotype-specific genes. Flow cytometry was applied for M1/M2 subpopulation or Annexin V/PI apoptosis assessment. RESULTS CTS significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume, neurologic deficit scores, pro-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β), apoptotic protein expression (cleaved caspase-3) of mice after tMCAO challenge. Furthermore, CTS attenuated CD16+ M1-type and elevated CD206+ M2-type microglia in vivo or in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the neuroprotective effect of CTS in the I/R or H/R context are explained modulation of microglial polarization, suggesting therapeutic potential for cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Mao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Qingdong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Wu T, Qi W, Shan H, Tu B, Jiang S, Lu Y, Wang F. Ginsenoside Rg1 enhances the healing of injured tendon in achilles tendinitis through the activation of IGF1R signaling mediated by oestrogen receptor. J Ginseng Res 2021; 46:526-535. [PMID: 35818420 PMCID: PMC9270649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the pathogenesis of tendinopathy, the chronic inflammation caused by the injury and apoptosis leads to the generation of scars. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is extracted from ginseng and has anti-inflammatory effects. Rg1 is a unique phytoestrogen that can activate the estrogen response element. This research aimed to explore whether Rg1 can function in the process of tendon repair through the estrogen receptor. Methods In this research, the effects of Rg1 were evaluated in tenocytes and in a rat model of Achilles tendinitis (AT). Protein levels were shown by western blotting. qRT-PCR was employed for evaluating mRNA levels. Cell proliferation was evaluated through EdU assay and cell migration was evaluated by transwell assay and scratch test assay. Results Rg1 up-regulated the expression of matrix-related factors and function of tendon in AT rat model. Rg1 reduced early inflammatory response and apoptosis in the tendon tissue of AT rat model. Rg1 promoted tenocyte migration and proliferation. The effects of Rg1 on tenocytes were inhibited by ICI182780. Rg1 activates the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF1R) and MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion Rg1 promotes injured tendon healing in AT rat model through IGF1R and MAPK signaling pathway activation.
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139
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Chang E, Wang J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor attenuates cognitive impairment and motor deficits in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2251. [PMID: 34132500 PMCID: PMC8413743 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders that seriously impair the life quality and survival of patients. Herein, we aim to investigate the neuroprotective roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in PD mice and reveal the underlying mechanisms. BDNF overexpression was achieved via the injection of adeno-associated viruses (AAV) with BDNF gene. METHODS PD mouse model was established by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment. Tests of rotarod, pole, open field, and novel object recognition were conducted to evaluate the motor and cognitive functions of treated mice. RESULTS Mitochondrial impairment, mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic neurons were detected to uncover the molecular mechanism. BDNF overexpression attenuated motor deficits and cognitive impairment in MPTP-induced PD mice. Mechanistically, BDNF mitigated mitochondrial impairment increased the activity of respiratory chain Complex I and Ⅱ+III, and finally alleviated TH-positive dopaminergic neuron loss in MPTP-induced PD mice. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential of BDNF as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of mitochondrial impairment-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Jiongmei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
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Ryazantsev MN, Strashkov DM, Nikolaev DM, Shtyrov AA, Panov MS. Photopharmacological compounds based on azobenzenes and azoheteroarenes: principles of molecular design, molecular modelling, and synthesis. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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141
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Jiang Z, Huang J, You L, Zhang J. Protective effects of BP-1-102 against intracranial aneurysms-induced impairments in mice. J Drug Target 2021; 29:974-982. [PMID: 33682559 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1895817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of non-invasive pharmacological therapies to prevent the progression and rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is an important field of research. This study attempts to reveal the role of BP-1-102, an oral bioavailable signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, in IA. We first constructed an IA mouse model by injecting elastase into the cerebrospinal fluid with simultaneous induction of hypertension by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) implantation. The results showed that the proportion of IA rupture in mice after BP-1-102 administration was significantly reduced, and the survival time was significantly extended. Further research showed that compared with the vehicle group, the proportion of macrophages infiltrated at the aneurysm and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the BP-1-102 administration group were significantly reduced. The contractile phenotype vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) specific markers, SM22α and αSMA, were significantly upregulated in the BP-1-102 group. Furthermore, we found that BP-1-102 inhibited the expression of critical proteins in the nuclear factor kappa-B and Janus kinase 2/STAT3 signalling pathways. Our study shows that BP-1-102 significantly decreases the rupture of IA, reduces the inflammatory responses and modulates the phenotype of VSMCs, suggesting that BP-1-102 could be utilised as a potential intervention drug for IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Jiang
- Inpatient Department District N13, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Chendong Branch of Quanzhou 1st Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- Inpatient Department District N13, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Chendong Branch of Quanzhou 1st Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Lingtong You
- Inpatient Department District N13, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Chendong Branch of Quanzhou 1st Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jinning Zhang
- Inpatient Department District N13, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Chendong Branch of Quanzhou 1st Hospital, Quanzhou, China
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142
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Liu G, Luo Y, Hou P. PRPS2 Enhances Resistance to Cisplatin via Facilitating Exosomes-mediated Macrophage M2 Polarization in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1423-1436. [PMID: 34251965 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1952217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetases 2 (PRPS2) is reported as an oncogene in various cancers. However, the role of PRPS2 in cisplatin (DDP) resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effect of PRPS2 in DDP resistance of NSCLC.Methods: mRNA expression levels of genes were detected by RT-PCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot were used to detect protein expression levels. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was detected using nucleosome ELISA assay and caspase-3 activity assay. PRPS2 silencing was achieved using siRNA transfection. Exosomes of cultured cells were isolated through ultracentrifugation.Results: Elevated PRPS2 was correlated with DDP resistance and poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. PRPS2 silencing enhanced sensitivity of DDP-resistant cells to DDP treatment. NSCLC cell-derived exosome induced M2 macrophage polarization. PRPS2 was enriched in the exosomes of NSCLC cells. Exosomal PRPS2 mediated M2 macrophage polarization to promote DDP resistance of NSCLC cells.Conclusions: In conclusion, PRPS2 potentiates resistance to DDP by promoting exosome-mediated macrophage M2 polarization in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohua Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Peifeng Hou
- Department of Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Medical University Stem Cell Research Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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143
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Basit A, Ali T, Rehman SU. Truncated human angiotensin converting enzyme 2; a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and potent COVID-19 therapeutic agent. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021. [PMID: 32396773 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.07392020.01768150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The current pandemic of Covid-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is continued to spread globally and no potential drug or vaccine against it is available. Spike (S) glycoprotein is the structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 located on the envelope surface, involve in interaction with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a cell surface receptor, followed by entry into the host cell. Thereby, blocking the S glycoprotein through potential inhibitor may interfere its interaction with ACE2 and impede its entry into the host cell. Here, we present a truncated version of human ACE2 (tACE2), comprising the N terminus region of the intact ACE2 from amino acid position 21-119, involved in binding with receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. We analyzed the in-silico potential of tACE2 to compete with intact ACE2 for binding with RBD. The protein-protein docking and molecular dynamic simulation showed that tACE2 has higher binding affinity for RBD and form more stabilized complex with RBD than the intact ACE2. Furthermore, prediction of tACE2 soluble expression in E. coli makes it a suitable candidate to be targeted for Covid-19 therapeutics. This is the first MD simulation based findings to provide a high affinity protein inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein, an important target for drug designing against this unprecedented challenge.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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144
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López-Cano M, Filgaira I, Nolen EG, Cabré G, Hernando J, Tosh DK, Jacobson KA, Soler C, Ciruela F. Optical control of adenosine A 3 receptor function in psoriasis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105731. [PMID: 34157422 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease lacking a cure that affects approximately 2% of the population. Defective keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and aberrant immune responses are major factors in its pathogenesis. Available treatments for moderate to severe psoriasis are directed to immune system causing systemic immunosuppression over time, and thus concomitant serious side effects (i.e. infections and cancer) may appear. In recent years, the Gi protein-coupled A3 receptor (A3R) for adenosine has been suggested as a novel and very promising therapeutic target for psoriasis. Accordingly, selective, and high affinity A3R agonists are known to induce robust anti-inflammatory effects in animal models of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrated the efficacy of a selective A3R agonist, namely MRS5698, in preventing the psoriatic-like phenotype in the IL-23 mouse model of psoriasis. Subsequently, we photocaged this molecule with a coumarin moiety to yield the first photosensitive A3R agonist, MRS7344, which in photopharmacological experiments prevented the psoriatic-like phenotype in the IL-23 animal model. Thus, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using a non-invasive, site-specific, light-directed approach to psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc López-Cano
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ingrid Filgaira
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Gisela Cabré
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Dilip K Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Concepció Soler
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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145
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Hu B, Ge C, Zhu C. USP18 negatively regulates and inhibits lipopolysaccharides-induced sepsis by targeting TAK1 activity. Int Immunol 2021; 33:461-468. [PMID: 34423815 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an inflammatory disease with exacerbated inflammation at early stage. Inflammatory cytokines play critical roles in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Ubiquitin specific peptidase 18 (USP18), a deubiquitinating enzyme, has been shown to modulate transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activity. However, it is not clear about the precise role of USP18 in sepsis. Here we investigated the potential effect of USP18 on inflammation in sepsis. We generated mice with USP18 or/and TAK1 deficiency in macrophages (USP18 MKO mice, TAK1 MKO mice and USP18 MKO TAK1 MKO mice) and established lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced septic mice model. Bone marrow derived macrophages were isolated from wild type (WT), USP18 MKO or TAK1 MKO mice and treated with LPS or CpG, the expressions of cytokines including IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α were measured. The activation of NF-κB, ERK, p38 signaling pathways and ubiquitination of TAK1 were detected. We induced sepsis in WT, USP18 MKO, TAK1 MKO or USP18 MKO TAK1 MKO mice and evaluated the survival rate, lung pathology and inflammation cytokine level in serum. Macrophages deficient in USP18 produced significantly increased IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α post LPS or CpG stimulation. Macrophages deficient in USP18 had promoted activation of NF-κB, p38 and ERK, and increased ubiquitination of TAK1. Mice with TAK1 deficiency in macrophages had increased survival rates, decreased immune cell infiltration in lung, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. In contrast, mice with USP18 deficiency in macrophages had decreased survival rates, increased cell infiltration in lung and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. USP18 alleviated LPS-induced sepsis by inhibiting TAK1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Emergency, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Chunhua Ge
- Department of Emergency, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Chunqing Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
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146
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Mesenchyme homeobox 1 mediated-promotion of osteoblastic differentiation is negatively regulated by mir-3064-5p. Differentiation 2021; 120:19-27. [PMID: 34130045 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells that can be differentiated into different cell types including osteoblasts. Herein we aimed to assess the regulation of transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox 1 (Meox1) in the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and to determine the microRNA which targets on Meox1. Total RNA was extracted from the isolated ligamentum flavum tissue samples and cultured hMSCs, and the expression of Meox1 was assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot assays. Cultured hMSCs were induced towards osteoblastic differentiation, and the osteoblast phenotype was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining. The microRNA targeting on the 3'-UTR of Meox1was predicted using bioinformatics tool, and the binding was validated by luciferase and RNA pulldown assays. The osteoblastic differentiation of hMSCs was checked with the knockdown of Meox1 and microRNA inhibitors. Higher expression of Meox1, and lower expression of miR-3064-5p in ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF) tissues were identified. In addition, increased expression along with the osteoblastic differentiation of hMSCs was found. Further research revealed that Meox was a direct target of miR-3064-5p, when the former promoted the differentiation of hMSCs into osteoblasts, the latter significantly suppressed the osteogenesis. The expression of Meox1 increased gradually with the osteoblastic differentiation of hMSCs, during which miR-3064-5p decreased. Meox1 is a direct target of miR-3064-5p, and they both play important roles in the osteogenesis. These findings provide potential target for the development of therapeutic drugs for skeletal system diseases.
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147
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Wang J, Zhang H, Yin X, Bian Y. Anti-CD47 antibody synergizes with cisplatin against laryngeal cancer by enhancing phagocytic ability of macrophages. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 205:333-342. [PMID: 33999416 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is mainly used in late-stage or recurrent laryngeal cancer patients. However, the effect of the chemotherapy is limited due to cisplatin resistance. Therefore, we explored the synergized role of immunosuppressive mediator with cisplatin in laryngeal cancer. Cancer cells isolated from tissues of patients with laryngeal cancer were treated with cisplatin to screen the potential immunosuppressive mediator, whose synergized effects with cisplatin were explored both in vivo and in vitro. CD47 was selected for its high expression in cisplatin-treated laryngeal cancer cells. Blocking CD47 expression using its neutralizing antibody (aCD47) synergized with cisplatin to increase macrophage phagocytosis in a co-culture system of human epithelial type 2 (Hep-2) cancer cells with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, aCD47 together with cisplatin prevented tumor growth by inhibiting proliferation of cancer cells and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as by inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells and phagocytosis of TAMs in a Hep-2-implanted mouse tumor model. aCD47 synergized with cisplatin against laryngeal cancer by enhancing the phagocytic ability of TAMs, and the combined therapy of cisplatin and aCD47 might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy against laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmiao Wang
- The First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haizhong Zhang
- The First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yin
- The First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanrui Bian
- The First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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148
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Elina KC, Oh BH, Islam J, Kim S, Park YS. Activation of CamKIIα expressing neurons on ventrolateral periaqueductal gray improves behavioral hypersensitivity and thalamic discharge in a trigeminal neuralgia rat model. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:47. [PMID: 34044756 PMCID: PMC8161973 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preceding studies have reported the association of chronic neuropathic orofacial pain with altered ongoing function in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). However, its role in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) lacks attention. We here reported the aspect that vlPAG neurons play in TN nociceptive processing by employing excitatory neuron-specific optogenetic approaches. METHODS TN was generated via unilateral infraorbital nerve chronic constriction in Sprague Dawley rats which induced mechanical and thermal pain sensitivity in air puff and acetone test, respectively. Channelrhodopsin conjugated virus with CamKIIα promoter was used to specifically activate the excitatory vlPAG neuronal population by optogenetic stimulation and in vivo microdialysis was done to determine its effect on the excitatory-inhibitory balance. In vivo extracellular recordings from ventral posteromedial (VPM) thalamus were assessed in response to vlPAG optogenetic stimulation. Depending on the experimental terms, unpaired student's t test and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS We observed that optogenetic activation of vlPAG subgroup neurons markedly improved pain hypersensitivity in reflexive behavior tests which was also evident on microdialysis analysis with increase glutamate concentration during stimulation period. Decreased mean firing and burst rates were evident in VPM thalamic electrophysiological recordings during the stimulation period. Overall, our results suggest the optogenetic activation of vlPAG excitatory neurons in a TN rat model has pain ameliorating effect. CONCLUSIONS This article presents the prospect of pain modulation in trigeminal pain pathway via optogenetic activation of vlPAG excitatory neurons in rat model. This outlook could potentially assist vlPAG insight and its optogenetic approach in trigeminal neuropathic pain which aid clinicians endeavoring towards enhanced pain relief therapy in trigeminal neuralgia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Elina
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Byeong Ho Oh
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jaisan Islam
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Soochong Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Young Seok Park
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea.
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149
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Malenica M, Vukomanović M, Kurtjak M, Masciotti V, dal Zilio S, Greco S, Lazzarino M, Krušić V, Perčić M, Jelovica Badovinac I, Wechtersbach K, Vidović I, Baričević V, Valić S, Lučin P, Kojc N, Grabušić K. Perspectives of Microscopy Methods for Morphology Characterisation of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Biofluids. Biomedicines 2021; 9:603. [PMID: 34073297 PMCID: PMC8228884 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometric membranous structures secreted from almost every cell and present in biofluids. Because EV composition reflects the state of its parental tissue, EVs possess an enormous diagnostic/prognostic potential to reveal pathophysiological conditions. However, a prerequisite for such usage of EVs is their detailed characterisation, including visualisation which is mainly achieved by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electron microscopy (EM). Here we summarise the EV preparation protocols for AFM and EM bringing out the main challenges in the imaging of EVs, both in their natural environment as biofluid constituents and in a saline solution after EV isolation. In addition, we discuss approaches for EV imaging and identify the potential benefits and disadvantages when different AFM and EM methods are applied, including numerous factors that influence the morphological characterisation, standardisation, or formation of artefacts. We also demonstrate the effects of some of these factors by using cerebrospinal fluid as an example of human biofluid with a simpler composition. Here presented comparison of approaches to EV imaging should help to estimate the current state in morphology research of EVs from human biofluids and to identify the most efficient pathways towards the standardisation of sample preparation and microscopy modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladenka Malenica
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.K.); (P.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Marija Vukomanović
- Advanced Materials Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (M.K.)
| | - Mario Kurtjak
- Advanced Materials Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (M.K.)
| | - Valentina Masciotti
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/Area Scinece Park, Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (S.d.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Simone dal Zilio
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/Area Scinece Park, Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (S.d.Z.); (M.L.)
| | | | - Marco Lazzarino
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/Area Scinece Park, Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (V.M.); (S.d.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Vedrana Krušić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.K.); (P.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Marko Perčić
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Centre for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Jelovica Badovinac
- Centre for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Karmen Wechtersbach
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.W.); (N.K.)
| | - Ivona Vidović
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (I.V.); (V.B.)
| | - Vanja Baričević
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (I.V.); (V.B.)
| | - Srećko Valić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Pero Lučin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.K.); (P.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Nika Kojc
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.W.); (N.K.)
| | - Kristina Grabušić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.K.); (P.L.); (K.G.)
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150
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Li J, Song G, Jin Q, Liu L, Yang L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhao Z. The α2δ-1/NMDA receptor complex is involved in brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:1366-1375. [PMID: 34032393 PMCID: PMC8283164 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a common cerebrovascular disease, seriously threatens human health and has severe secondary injuries, while existing treatment methods have many limitations. α2δ‐1 is a subunit of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) and can act on glutamate receptor N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) to relieve neuropathic pain. Methods We first performed ICH modeling on WT mice and Cacna2d1 knockout (KO) mice. The expression levels of GluN1 and α2δ‐1 were measured by Western blot and q‐PCR, and the interaction between the two proteins was evaluated by co‐precipitation. The neuronal apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL assay, and the expression levels of inflammatory factors were assessed by ELISA. The nerve functions of mice were evaluated using behavioral experiments including corner turn test and forelimb use asymmetry. Cerebral hematoma was indicated by brain water content and lesion volume. Results ICH up‐regulated the expression levels of α2δ‐1 and GluN1. KO of Cacna2d1 significantly reduced the ICH‐induced apoptosis. The treatment of gabapentin on α2δ‐1 also significantly reduced the occurrence of apoptosis. KO of Cacna2d1 also reduced the ICH‐induced levels of inflammatory factors. Furthermore, neural functions were also significantly improved. Conclusion Cacna2d1 KO alleviates cerebral hematoma in ICH mice, exhibits a significant regulating effect on its secondary injuries such as neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, and restores the nerve functions of ICH mice. Loss of Cacna2d1 can provide useful therapeutic clues for ICH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Guoqiang Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Qianxu Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Yuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Zongmao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
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