1451
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Johnson MA, Cartmell J, Weisser NE, Woods RJ, Bundle DR. Molecular recognition of Candida albicans (1->2)-β-mannan oligosaccharides by a protective monoclonal antibody reveals the immunodominance of internal saccharide residues. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:18078-90. [PMID: 22493450 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.355578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A self-consistent model of β-mannan oligosaccharides bound to a monoclonal antibody, C3.1, that protects mice against Candida albicans has been developed through chemical mapping, NMR spectroscopic, and computational studies. This antibody optimally binds di- and trisaccharide epitopes, whereas larger oligomers bind with affinities that markedly decrease with increasing chain length. The (1→2)-β-linked di-, tri-, and tetramannosides bind in helical conformations similar to the solution global minimum. Antibody recognition of the di- and trisaccharide is primarily dependent on the mannose unit at the reducing end, with the hydrophobic face of this sugar being tightly bound. Recognition of a tetrasaccharide involves a frameshift in the ligand interaction, shown by strong binding of the sugar adjacent to the reducing end. We show that frameshifting may also be deliberately induced by chemical modifications. Molecular recognition patterns similar to that of mAb C3.1, determined by saturation transfer difference-NMR, were also observed in polyclonal sera from rabbits immunized with a trisaccharide glycoconjugate. The latter observation points to the importance of internal residues as immunodominant epitopes in (1→2)-β-mannans and to the viability of a glycoconjugate vaccine composed of a minimal length oligosaccharide hapten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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1452
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Kaushik S, Mohanty D, Surolia A. Molecular Dynamics Simulations onPars Intercerebralis MajorPeptide-C (PMP-C) Reveal the Role of Glycosylation and Disulfide Bonds in its Enhanced Structural Stability and Function. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2012; 29:905-20. [DOI: 10.1080/073911012010525026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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1453
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Jana M, Bandyopadhyay S. Conformational flexibility of a protein-carbohydrate complex and the structure and ordering of surrounding water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:6628-38. [PMID: 22460826 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp24104h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate non-covalent interactions are important to understand various biological processes in living organisms. One of the important issues in protein-carbohydrate binding is how the protein identifies the target carbohydrate and recognizes its conformational features. Surrounding water molecules are expected to play a critical role not only in mediating the recognition process but also in maintaining the structure of the complex. We carried out atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of an aqueous solution of the protein-carbohydrate complex formed between the hyaluronan binding domain (HABD) of the murine Cd44 protein and the octasaccharide hyaluronan (HA(8)). The conformational flexibilities of the protein and the carbohydrate, and the microscopic structure and ordering of water molecules around them in the complexed form have been explored. It is revealed that the formation of the complex is associated with significant immobilization of the monosaccharide units of the carbohydrate moiety that are involved in binding. Further, reduction in water densities around the binding residues of the two molecules in the complex with respect to their free forms clearly demonstrated that the recognition between the protein and the carbohydrate is facilitated by removal of a fraction of water molecules from regions around the binding domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Jana
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721302, India
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1454
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Ficko-Blean E, Stuart CP, Suits MD, Cid M, Tessier M, Woods RJ, Boraston AB. Carbohydrate recognition by an architecturally complex α-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Clostridium perfringens. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33524. [PMID: 22479408 PMCID: PMC3313936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CpGH89 is a large multimodular enzyme produced by the human and animal pathogen Clostridium perfringens. The catalytic activity of this exo-α-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase is directed towards a rare carbohydrate motif, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-α-1,4-D-galactose, which is displayed on the class III mucins deep within the gastric mucosa. In addition to the family 89 glycoside hydrolase catalytic module this enzyme has six modules that share sequence similarity to the family 32 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM32s), suggesting the enzyme has considerable capacity to adhere to carbohydrates. Here we suggest that two of the modules, CBM32-1 and CBM32-6, are not functional as carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) and demonstrate that three of the CBMs, CBM32-3, CBM32-4, and CBM32-5, are indeed capable of binding carbohydrates. CBM32-3 and CBM32-4 have a novel binding specificity for N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-α-1,4-D-galactose, which thus complements the specificity of the catalytic module. The X-ray crystal structure of CBM32-4 in complex with this disaccharide reveals a mode of recognition that is based primarily on accommodation of the unique bent shape of this sugar. In contrast, as revealed by a series of X-ray crystal structures and quantitative binding studies, CBM32-5 displays the structural and functional features of galactose binding that is commonly associated with CBM family 32. The functional CBM32s that CpGH89 contains suggest the possibility for multivalent binding events and the partitioning of this enzyme to highly specific regions within the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher P. Stuart
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael D. Suits
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Melissa Cid
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew Tessier
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Woods
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alisdair B. Boraston
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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1455
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Understanding the mechanism of cellulose dissolution in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid via quantum chemistry calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2012; 26:329-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s10822-012-9559-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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1456
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Kasson PM. Receptor binding by influenza virus: using computational techniques to extend structural data. Biochemistry 2012; 51:2359-65. [PMID: 22409249 DOI: 10.1021/bi201684v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Influenza attaches to host cells via hemagglutinin binding of cell-surface glycans. These relatively low-affinity interactions involving flexible ligands are critical in determining tissue and host specificity, but their dynamic nature complicates structural characterization of hemagglutinin-receptor complexes. Molecular simulation can assist in analyzing glycan and protein flexibility in crystallized complexes, assessing how binding might change under mutation or altered glycosylation patterns, and evaluating how soluble ligands may relate to physiological presentation on the plasma membrane. Molecular dynamics simulation also has the potential to help integrate structural and dynamic data sources. Here we review recent progress from analysis of molecular dynamics simulation and outline challenges for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Kasson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States.
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1457
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Zhang H, Ge C, van der Spoel D, Feng W, Tan T. Insight into the Structural Deformations of Beta-Cyclodextrin Caused by Alcohol Cosolvents and Guest Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:3880-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300674d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Beijing Key
Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Box 53,
100029 Beijing, China
- Department of Cell
and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chunling Ge
- Beijing Key
Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Box 53,
100029 Beijing, China
| | - David van der Spoel
- Department of Cell
and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wei Feng
- Beijing Key
Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Box 53,
100029 Beijing, China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing Key
Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Box 53,
100029 Beijing, China
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1458
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Mallajosyula SS, Guvench O, Hatcher E, MacKerell AD. CHARMM Additive All-Atom Force Field for Phosphate and Sulfate Linked to Carbohydrates. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:759-776. [PMID: 22685386 PMCID: PMC3367516 DOI: 10.1021/ct200792v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Presented is an extension of the CHARMM additive all-atom carbohydrate force field to enable the modeling of phosphate and sulfate linked to carbohydrates. The parameters are developed in a hierarchical fashion using model compounds containing the key atoms in the full carbohydrates. Target data for parameter optimization included full two-dimensional energy surfaces defined by the glycosidic dihedral angle pairs in the phosphate/sulfate model compound analogs of hexopyranose monosaccharide phosphates and sulfates, as determined by quantum mechanical (QM) MP2/cc-pVTZ single point energies on MP2/6-31+G(d) optimized structures. In order to achieve balanced, transferable dihedral parameters for the dihedral angles, surfaces for all possible anomeric and conformational states were included during the parametrization process. In addition, to model physiologically relevant systems both the mono- and di-anionic charged states were studied for the phosphates. This resulted in over 7000 MP2/cc-pVTZ//MP2/6-31G+(d) model compound conformational energies which, supplemented with QM geometries, were the main target data for the parametrization. Parameters were validated against crystals of relevant monosaccharide derivatives obtained from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and larger systems, namely inositol-(tri/tetra/penta) phosphates non-covalently bound to the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and oligomeric chondroitin sulfate in solution and in complex with cathepsin K protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairam S. Mallajosyula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Olgun Guvench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, Portland, Maine 04103
| | - Elizabeth Hatcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Alexander D. MacKerell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
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1459
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Kim HS, Pani R, Ha SH, Koo YM, Yingling YG. The role of hydrogen bonding in water-mediated glucose solubility in ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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1460
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Matthews JF, Beckham GT, Bergenstråhle-Wohlert M, Brady JW, Himmel ME, Crowley MF. Comparison of Cellulose Iβ Simulations with Three Carbohydrate Force Fields. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:735-48. [DOI: 10.1021/ct2007692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregg T. Beckham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, United
States
| | - Malin Bergenstråhle-Wohlert
- Department of Food
Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New
York, United States
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John W. Brady
- Department of Food
Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New
York, United States
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1461
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Zheng X, Wang D, Shuai Z, Zhang X. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Supramolecular Assembly between an Azobenzene-Containing Surfactant and α-Cyclodextrin: Role of Photoisomerization. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:823-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2073107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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1462
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Enjalbert Q, Racaud A, Lemoine J, Redon S, Ayhan MM, Andraud C, Chambert S, Bretonnière Y, Loison C, Antoine R, Dugourd P. Optical Properties of a Visible Push–Pull Chromophore Covalently Bound to Carbohydrates: Solution and Gas-Phase Spectroscopy Combined to Theoretical Investigations. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:841-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2099015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Enjalbert
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR5579, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
- Laboratoire de Sciences Analytiques, UMR5180, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
| | - Amandine Racaud
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR5579, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
- Laboratoire de Sciences Analytiques, UMR5180, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
| | - Jérôme Lemoine
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Sciences Analytiques, UMR5180, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
| | - Sébastien Redon
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique, INSA de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, UMR5246, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, CPE-Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mehmet Menaf Ayhan
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l’ENS Lyon, UMR5182, CNRS, ENS Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l’ENS Lyon, UMR5182, CNRS, ENS Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Chambert
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique, INSA de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, UMR5246, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, CPE-Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Bretonnière
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l’ENS Lyon, UMR5182, CNRS, ENS Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Claire Loison
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR5579, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
| | - Rodolphe Antoine
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR5579, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, 43, Bld du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR5579, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, France
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1463
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Naziga EB, Schweizer F, Wetmore SD. Conformational Study of the Hydroxyproline–O–Glycosidic Linkage: Sugar–Peptide Orientation and Prolyl Amide Isomerization in (α/β)–Galactosylated 4(R/S)–Hydroxyproline. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:860-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jp207479q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel B. Naziga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1K 3M4
| | - Frank Schweizer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Stacey D. Wetmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1K 3M4
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1464
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Abstract
Computational simulation of pandemic diseases provides important insight into many disease features that may benefit public health. This is especially true for the influenza virus, a continuing global pandemic threat. Molecular or atomic-level investigation of influenza has predominantly focused on the two major virus glycoproteins, neuraminidase (NA) and hemagglutinin (HA). In this chapter, we walk the readers through major considerations for studying pandemic influenza glycoproteins, from choosing the most useful choice of system(s) to avoiding common pitfalls in experimental design and execution. While a brief discussion of several potential simulation and docking techniques is presented, we emphasize molecular dynamics (MD) and Brownian dynamics (BD) simulation techniques and molecular docking, within the context of biologically outstanding questions in influenza research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rommie E Amaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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1465
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Sattelle BM, Almond A. Assigning kinetic 3D-signatures to glycocodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:5843-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40071e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1466
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French AD. Combining computational chemistry and crystallography for a better understanding of the structure of cellulose. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2012; 67:19-93. [PMID: 22794182 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396527-1.00002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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1467
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Yamamoto S, Zhang Y, Yamaguchi T, Kameda T, Kato K. Lanthanide-assisted NMR evaluation of a dynamic ensemble of oligosaccharide conformations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4752-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1468
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Abstract
Although it has a deceptively simple primary structure, the collective organization of bulk cellulose, particularly as it exists in cellulose fibers in the cell walls of living plants and other organisms, is quite diverse and complex. While some experimental techniques, such as vibrational spectroscopy and diffraction from partially crystalline samples, are able to provide insights into the organization of bulk cellulose, its intrinsic complexity has left many questions still unanswered. For this reason, additional probes of cellulose structure would be highly desirable. With the continuing advances in computer power through massive parallelization, and the steady progress in computer codes and force fields for modeling carbohydrate systems, molecular mechanics simulations have become an attractive means of studying cellulosic systems at the atomic and molecular level. The coming decade will almost certainly see remarkable advances in the understanding of cellulose using such simulations.
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1469
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Fortes AD, Suard E. Crystal structures of ethylene glycol and ethylene glycol monohydrate. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:234501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3668311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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1470
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The solvation structures of cellulose microfibrils in ionic liquids. Interdiscip Sci 2011; 3:308-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s12539-011-0111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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1471
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Martín-Santamaría S, Gabius HJ, Jiménez-Barbero J. Structural studies on the interaction of saccharides and glycomimetics with galectin-1: A 3D perspective using a combined molecular modeling and NMR approach. PURE APPL CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-11-10-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of a variety of saccharides and mimetics thereof with lectin receptors has been studied using a combination of molecular modeling protocols and NMR spectroscopy techniques. It is shown that both methods complement each other in a synergistic manner to provide a detailed perspective of the conformational and structural features of the recognition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría
- 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28668-Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- 2Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Tierärztliche Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- 3Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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1472
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Fiege B, Rademacher C, Cartmell J, Kitov PI, Parra F, Peters T. Molecular Details of the Recognition of Blood Group Antigens by a Human Norovirus as Determined by STD NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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1473
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Fiege B, Rademacher C, Cartmell J, Kitov PI, Parra F, Peters T. Molecular details of the recognition of blood group antigens by a human norovirus as determined by STD NMR spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:928-32. [PMID: 22170811 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Fiege
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Chemistry, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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1474
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Sattelle BM, Almond A. Is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine a rigid 4C1 chair? Glycobiology 2011; 21:1651-62. [PMID: 21807769 PMCID: PMC3219419 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding microsecond-timescale dynamics is crucial to establish three-dimensional (3D) structure-activity relationships in sugars but has been intractable to experiments and simulations. As a consequence, whether arguably the most important chemical scaffold in glycobiology, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc), deviates from a rigid (4)C(1) chair is unknown. Here, conformer populations and exchange kinetics were quantified from the longest aqueous carbohydrate simulations to date (0.2 ms total) of GlcNAc, four derivatives from heparan sulfate and their methylglycosides. Unmodified GlcNAc took 3-5 μs to reach a conformational equilibrium, which comprised a metastable (4)C(1) chair that underwent (4)C(1) ↔ (1)C(4) transitions at a predicted forward rate of 0.8 μs(-1) with an average (1)C(4)-chair lifetime of 3 ns. These predictions agree with high-resolution crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance but not with the hypothesis that GlcNAc is a rigid (4)C(1) chair, concluded from previous experimental analyses and non-aqueous modeling. The methylglycoside was calculated to have a slower forward rate (0.3 μs(-1)) and a more stable (4)C(1) conformer (0.2 kcal mol(-1)), suggesting that pivotal 3D intermediates (particularly (2)S(O), (1)S(5) and B(2,5)) increased in energy, and water was implicated as a major cause. Sulfonation (N-, 3-O and 6-O) significantly augmented this effect by blocking pseudorotation, but did not alter the rotational preferences of hydroyxl or hydroxymethyl groups. We therefore propose that GlcNAc undergoes puckering exchange that is dependent on polymerization and sulfo substituents. Our analyses, and 3D model of the equilibrium GlcNAc conformer in water, can be used as dictionary data and present new opportunities to rationally modify puckering and carbohydrate bioactivity, with diverse applications from improving crop yields to disease amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Almond
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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1475
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Zhong Y, Bauer BA, Patel S. Solvation properties of N-acetyl-β-glucosamine: molecular dynamics study incorporating electrostatic polarization. J Comput Chem 2011; 32:3339-53. [PMID: 21898464 PMCID: PMC3193586 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-β-glucosamine (NAG) is an important moiety of glycoproteins and is involved in many biological functions. However, conformational and dynamical properties of NAG molecules in aqueous solution, the most common biological environment, remain ambiguous due to limitations of experimental methods. Increasing efforts are made to probe structural properties of NAG and NAG-containing macromolecules, like peptidoglycans and polymeric chitin, at the atomic level using molecular dynamics simulations. In this work, we develop a polarizable carbohydrate force field for NAG and contrast simulation results of various properties using this novel force field and an analogous nonpolarizable (fixed charge) model. Aqueous solutions of NAG and its oligomers are investigated; we explore conformational properties (rotatable bond geometry), electrostatic properties (dipole moment distribution), dynamical properties (self-diffusion coefficient), hydrogen bonding (water bridge structure and dynamics), and free energy of hydration. The fixed-charge carbohydrate force field exhibits deviations from the gas phase relative rotation energy of exocyclic hydroxymethyl side chain and of chair/boat ring distortion. The polarizable force field predicts conformational properties in agreement with corresponding first-principles results. NAG-water hydrogen bonding pattern is studied through radial distribution functions (RDFs) and correlation functions. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between solute and solvent is found to stabilize NAG solution structures while intramolecular hydrogen bonds define glycosidic linkage geometry of NAG oligomers. The electrostatic component of hydration free energy is highly dependent on force field atomic partial charges, influencing a more favorable free energy of hydration in the fixed-charge model compared to the polarizable model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Brad A. Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Sandeep Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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1476
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Ficko-Blean E, Boraston AB. Structural analysis of a bacterial exo-α-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase in complex with an unusual disaccharide found in class III mucin. Glycobiology 2011; 22:590-5. [PMID: 22090394 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CpGH89 is a family 89 glycoside hydrolase with exo-α-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity that is produced by the human and animal pathogen Clostridium perfringens. This enzyme is active on the α-D-GlcpNAc-(1 → 4)-D-Galp motif that is displayed on the class III mucins within the gastric mucosa. Other members of this enzyme family, such as human NAGLU, are active on heparan. A truncated version of CpGH89 was rendered inactive through the mutation of two key catalytic residues, the protein crystallized and its structure determined in complex with α-D-GlcpNAc-(1 → 4)-D-Galp to reveal the molecular details of how this unique disaccharide is recognized by CpGH89. An analysis of this substrate complex not only provides insight into how this enzyme selects for its mucin-presented substrate but also advances our understanding of how its clinically relevant mammalian counterparts are specific for heparan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3055 STN CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3P6
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1477
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Structural diversity and changes in conformational equilibria of biantennary complex-type N-glycans in water revealed by replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulation. Biophys J 2011; 101:L44-6. [PMID: 22098756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural diversity of N-glycans is essential for specific binding to their receptor proteins. To gain insights into structural and dynamic aspects in atomic detail not normally accessible by experiment, we here perform extensive molecular-dynamics simulations of N-glycans in solution using the replica-exchange method. The simulations show that five distinct conformers exist in solution for the N-glycans with and without bisecting GlcNAc. Importantly, the population sizes of three of the conformers are drastically reduced upon the introduction of bisecting GlcNAc. This is caused by a local hydrogen-bond rearrangement proximal to the bisecting GlcNAc. These simulations show that an N-glycan modification like the bisecting GlcNAc selects a certain "key" (or group of "keys") within the framework of the "bunch of keys" mechanism. Hence, the range of specific glycan-protein interactions and affinity changes need to be understood in terms of the structural diversity of glycans and the alteration of conformational equilibria by core modification.
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1478
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Xia J, Case DA. Sucrose in aqueous solution revisited, Part 2: adaptively biased molecular dynamics simulations and computational analysis of NMR relaxation. Biopolymers 2011; 97:289-302. [PMID: 22058066 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations, at various temperatures, of sucrose in water (with concentrations of sucrose ranging from 0.02 to 4M), and in a 7:3 water-DMSO mixture. Convergence of the resulting conformational ensembles was checked using adaptive-biased simulations along the glycosidic Φ and ψ torsion angles. NMR relaxation parameters, including longitudinal (R₁) and transverse (R₂) relaxation rates, nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOE), and generalized order parameter (S²) were computed from the resulting time-correlation functions. The amplitude and time scales of molecular motions change with temperature and concentration in ways that track closely with experimental results, and are consistent with a model in which sucrose conformational fluctuations are limited (with 80-90% of the conformations having ϕ-ψ values within 20° of an average conformation), but with some important differences in conformation between pure water and DMSO-water mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, BioMaPS Institute for Quantitative Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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1479
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Zhang Q, Brumer H, Ågren H, Tu Y. The adsorption of xyloglucan on cellulose: effects of explicit water and side chain variation. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:2595-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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1480
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Inhibition of the Pneumococcal Virulence Factor StrH and Molecular Insights into N-Glycan Recognition and Hydrolysis. Structure 2011; 19:1603-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1481
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Lopez M, Vu H, Wang CK, Wolf MG, Groenhof G, Innocenti A, Supuran CT, Poulsen SA. Promiscuity of carbonic anhydrase II. Unexpected ester hydrolysis of carbohydrate-based sulfamate inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:18452-62. [PMID: 21958118 DOI: 10.1021/ja207855c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are enzymes whose endogenous reaction is the reversible hydration of CO(2) to give HCO(3)(-) and a proton. CA are also known to exhibit weak and promiscuous esterase activity toward activated esters. Here, we report a series of findings obtained with a set of CA inhibitors that showed quite unexpectedly that the compounds were both inhibitors of CO(2) hydration and substrates for the esterase activity of CA. The compounds comprised a monosaccharide core with the C-6 primary hydroxyl group derivatized as a sulfamate (for CA recognition). The remaining four sugar hydroxyl groups were acylated. Using protein X-ray crystallography, the crystal structures of human CA II in complex with four of the sulfamate inhibitors were obtained. As expected, the four structures displayed the canonical CA protein-sulfamate interactions. Unexpectedly, a free hydroxyl group was observed at the anomeric center (C-1) rather than the parent C-1 acyl group. In addition, this hydroxyl group is observed axial to the carbohydrate ring while in the parent structure it is equatorial. A mechanism is proposed that accounts for this inversion of stereochemistry. For three of the inhibitors, the acyl groups at C-2 or at C-2 and C-3 were also absent with hydroxyl groups observed in their place and retention of stereochemistry. With the use of electrospray ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS), we observed directly the sequential loss of all four acyl groups from one of the carbohydrate-based sulfamates. For this compound, the inhibitor and substrate binding mode were further analyzed using free energy calculations. These calculations suggested that the parent compound binds almost exclusively as a substrate. To conclude, we have demonstrated that acylated carbohydrate-based sulfamates are simultaneously inhibitor and substrate of human CA II. Our results suggest that, initially, the substrate binding mode dominates, but following hydrolysis, the ligand can also bind as a pure inhibitor thereby competing with the substrate binding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lopez
- Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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1482
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Guvench O, Mallajosyula SS, Raman EP, Hatcher E, Vanommeslaeghe K, Foster TJ, Jamison FW, MacKerell AD. CHARMM additive all-atom force field for carbohydrate derivatives and its utility in polysaccharide and carbohydrate-protein modeling. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:3162-3180. [PMID: 22125473 PMCID: PMC3224046 DOI: 10.1021/ct200328p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monosaccharide derivatives such as xylose, fucose, N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), N-acetylgalactosamine (GlaNAc), glucuronic acid, iduronic acid, and N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) are important components of eukaryotic glycans. The present work details development of force-field parameters for these monosaccharides and their covalent connections to proteins via O-linkages to serine or threonine sidechains and via N-linkages to asparagine sidechains. The force field development protocol was designed to explicitly yield parameters that are compatible with the existing CHARMM additive force field for proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and small molecules. Therefore, when combined with previously developed parameters for pyranose and furanose monosaccharides, for glycosidic linkages between monosaccharides, and for proteins, the present set of parameters enables the molecular simulation of a wide variety of biologically-important molecules such as complex carbohydrates and glycoproteins. Parametrization included fitting to quantum mechanical (QM) geometries and conformational energies of model compounds, as well as to QM pair interaction energies and distances of model compounds with water. Parameters were validated in the context of crystals of relevant monosaccharides, as well NMR and/or x-ray crystallographic data on larger systems including oligomeric hyaluronan, sialyl Lewis X, O- and N-linked glycopeptides, and a lectin:sucrose complex. As the validated parameters are an extension of the CHARMM all-atom additive biomolecular force field, they further broaden the types of heterogeneous systems accessible with a consistently-developed force-field model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgun Guvench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, Portland, Maine 04103
| | - Sairam S. Mallajosyula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - E. Prabhu Raman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Elizabeth Hatcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Kenno Vanommeslaeghe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Theresa J. Foster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, Portland, Maine 04103
| | - Francis W. Jamison
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, Portland, Maine 04103
| | - Alexander D. MacKerell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn St., HSF II-629, Baltimore, MD 21201
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1483
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Mark P, Zhang Q, Czjzek M, Brumer H, Ågren H. Molecular dynamics simulations of a branched tetradecasaccharide substrate in the active site of a xyloglucanendo-transglycosylase. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2011.566605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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1484
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DeMarco ML, Woods RJ. From agonist to antagonist: structure and dynamics of innate immune glycoprotein MD-2 upon recognition of variably acylated bacterial endotoxins. Mol Immunol 2011; 49:124-33. [PMID: 21924775 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The human immune response to an infection by Gram-negative bacteria involves detection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also known as endotoxins, which comprise the bacterial outer cell wall. Distinct from mammalian glycolipid structures, LPS have a conserved chemical pattern that is recognized by the pattern recognition receptor complex formed by myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). A remarkable immune-mediated structure-toxicity relationship has been defined that relates to the number of acyl chains in the endotoxin. While there is a clear correlation between endotoxin acylation and elicited agonist or antagonist responses, the 3D structural basis of this relationship remains unclear. In order to explore, at atomic-resolution, the effects of a range of chemically distinct endotoxins on the structure and dynamics of their MD-2·endotoxin complexes, we examined a series of variably acylated lipid A molecules from Escherichia coli and Neisseria meningitidis in complex with human MD-2. Through the application of molecular dynamics simulations, in concert with experimental data, we have identified specific structural and dynamic features of the MD-2-endotoxin complexes that may control dimerization of TLR4 molecules. As dimerization is central to the release of downstream chemical mediators, the results provide a structural foundation for the ability of endotoxins to act as either agonists or antagonists of the TLR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari L DeMarco
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, GA 30602, USA.
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1485
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Fadda E, Woods RJ. On the Role of Water Models in Quantifying the Binding Free Energy of Highly Conserved Water Molecules in Proteins: The Case of Concanavalin A. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:3391-8. [PMID: 26598169 DOI: 10.1021/ct200404z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability of ligands to displace conserved water molecules in protein binding sites is of significant interest in drug design and is particularly pertinent in the case of glycomimetic drugs. This concept was explored in previous work [ Clarke et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001 , 123 , 12238 - 12247 and Kadirvelraj et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008 , 130 , 16933 - 16942 ] for a highly conserved water molecule located in the binding site of the prototypic carbohydrate-binding protein Concanavalin A (Con A). A synthetic ligand was designed with the aim of displacing such water. While the synthetic ligand bound to Con A in an analogous manner to that of the natural ligand, crystallographic analysis demonstrated that it did not displace the conserved water. In order to quantify the affinity of this particular water for the Con A surface, we report here the calculated standard binding free energy for this water in both ligand-bound and free Con A, employing three popular water models: TIP3P, TIP4P, and TIP5P. Although each model was developed to perform well in simulations of bulk-phase water, the computed binding energies for the isolated water molecule displayed a high sensitivity to the model. Both molecular dynamics simulation and free energy results indicate that the choice of water model may greatly influence the characterization of surface water molecules as conserved (TIP5P) or not (TIP3P) in protein binding sites, an observation of considerable significance to rational drug design. Structural and theoretical aspects at the basis of the different behaviors are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fadda
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Rd, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert J Woods
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Rd, Galway, Ireland.,University of Georgia , Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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1486
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Ieranò T, Nurisso A, Lanzetta R, Parrilli M, Silipo A, Imberty A, Molinaro A. Molecular Modeling Study of the Carbohydrate Region of the Endotoxin from Burkholderia cenocepacia ET-12. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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1487
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Pichert A, Samsonov SA, Theisgen S, Thomas L, Baumann L, Schiller J, Beck-Sickinger AG, Huster D, Pisabarro MT. Characterization of the interaction of interleukin-8 with hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and their sulfated derivatives by spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Glycobiology 2011; 22:134-45. [PMID: 21873605 PMCID: PMC3230280 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions between glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), important components of the extracellular matrix, and proteins such as growth factors and chemokines play critical roles in cellular regulation processes. Therefore, the design of GAG derivatives for the development of innovative materials with bio-like properties in terms of their interaction with regulatory proteins is of great interest for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Previous work on the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) has focused on its interaction with heparin and heparan sulfate, which regulate chemokine function. However, the extracellular matrix contains other GAGs, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), dermatan sulfate (DS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), which have so far not been characterized in terms of their distinct molecular recognition properties towards IL-8 in relation to their length and sulfation patterns. NMR and molecular modeling have been in great part the methods of choice to study the structural and recognition properties of GAGs and their protein complexes. However, separately these methods have challenges to cope with the high degree of similarity and flexibility that GAGs exhibit. In this work, we combine fluorescence spectroscopy, NMR experiments, docking and molecular dynamics simulations to study the configurational and recognition properties of IL-8 towards a series of HA and CS derivatives and DS. We analyze the effects of GAG length and sulfation patterns in binding strength and specificity, and the influence of GAG binding on IL-8 dimer formation. Our results highlight the importance of combining experimental and theoretical approaches to obtain a better understanding of the molecular recognition properties of GAG–protein systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Pichert
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
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1488
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Islam SM, Richards MR, Taha HA, Byrns SC, Lowary TL, Roy PN. Conformational Analysis of Oligoarabinofuranosides: Overcoming Torsional Barriers with Umbrella Sampling. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:2989-3000. [DOI: 10.1021/ct200333p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahidul M. Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Michele R. Richards
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Hashem A. Taha
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Simon C. Byrns
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Todd L. Lowary
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Pierre-Nicholas Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
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1489
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Norris SE, Landström J, Weintraub A, Bull TE, Widmalm G, Freedberg DI. Transient hydrogen bonding in uniformly 13C,15N-Labeled Carbohydrates in Water. Biopolymers 2011; 97:145-54. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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1490
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West MB, Wickham S, Quinalty LM, Pavlovicz RE, Li C, Hanigan MH. Autocatalytic cleavage of human gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is highly dependent on N-glycosylation at asparagine 95. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:28876-28888. [PMID: 21712391 PMCID: PMC3190695 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.248823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is a heterodimeric membrane enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of extracellular glutathione and other γ-glutamyl-containing compounds. GGT is synthesized as a single polypeptide (propeptide) that undergoes autocatalytic cleavage, which results in the formation of the large and small subunits that compose the mature enzyme. GGT is extensively N-glycosylated, yet the functional consequences of this modification are unclear. We investigated the effect of N-glycosylation on the kinetic behavior, stability, and functional maturation of GGT. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we confirmed that all seven N-glycosylation sites on human GGT are modified by N-glycans. Comparative enzyme kinetic analyses revealed that single substitutions are functionally tolerated, although the N95Q mutation resulted in a marked decrease in the cleavage efficiency of the propeptide. However, each of the single site mutants exhibited decreased thermal stability relative to wild-type GGT. Combined mutagenesis of all N-glycosylation sites resulted in the accumulation of the inactive propeptide form of the enzyme. Use of N-glycosylation inhibitors demonstrated that binding of the core N-glycans, not their subsequent processing, is the critical glycosylation event governing the autocleavage of GGT. Although N-glycosylation is necessary for maturation of the propeptide, enzymatic deglycosylation of the mature wild-type GGT does not substantially impact either the kinetic behavior or thermal stability of the fully processed human enzyme. These findings are the first to establish that co-translational N-glycosylation of human GGT is required for the proper folding and subsequent cleavage of the nascent propeptide, although retention of these N-glycans is not necessary for maintaining either the function or structural stability of the mature enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B West
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 and
| | - Stephanie Wickham
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 and
| | - Leslie M Quinalty
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 and
| | - Ryan E Pavlovicz
- Biophysics Program, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Chenglong Li
- Biophysics Program, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Marie H Hanigan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 and.
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1491
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Bellesia G, Chundawat SPS, Langan P, Dale BE, Gnanakaran S. Probing the Early Events Associated with Liquid Ammonia Pretreatment of Native Crystalline Cellulose. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:9782-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2048844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bellesia
- T6 & CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Shishir P. S. Chundawat
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science,Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Paul Langan
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Bruce E. Dale
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science,Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - S. Gnanakaran
- T6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos,New Mexico 87545, United States
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1492
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Sapay N, Cabannes É, Petitou M, Imberty A. Molecular model of human heparanase with proposed binding mode of a heparan sulfate oligosaccharide and catalytic amino acids. Biopolymers 2011; 97:21-34. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.21696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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1493
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Hu L, Ryde U. Comparison of Methods to Obtain Force-Field Parameters for Metal Sites. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:2452-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ct100725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LiHong Hu
- School of Computer Science and Information Technology, North-east Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Peopleʼs Republic of China
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Ryde
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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1494
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Guardia CMA, Gauto DF, Di Lella S, Rabinovich GA, Martí MA, Estrin DA. An integrated computational analysis of the structure, dynamics, and ligand binding interactions of the human galectin network. J Chem Inf Model 2011; 51:1918-30. [PMID: 21702482 DOI: 10.1021/ci200180h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Galectins, a family of evolutionarily conserved animal lectins, have been shown to modulate signaling processes leading to inflammation, apoptosis, immunoregulation, and angiogenesis through their ability to interact with poly-N-acetyllactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates. To date 16 human galectin carbohydrate recognition domains have been established by sequence analysis and found to be expressed in several tissues. Given the divergent functions of these lectins, it is of vital importance to understand common and differential features in order to search for specific inhibitors of individual members of the human galectin family. In this work we performed an integrated computational analysis of all individual members of the human galectin family. In the first place, we have built homology-based models for galectin-4 and -12 N-terminus, placental protein 13 (PP13) and PP13-like protein for which no experimental structural information is available. We have then performed classical molecular dynamics simulations of the whole 15 members family in free and ligand-bound states to analyze protein and protein-ligand interaction dynamics. Our results show that all galectins adopt the same fold, and the carbohydrate recognition domains are very similar with structural differences located in specific loops. These differences are reflected in the dynamics characteristics, where mobility differences translate into entropy values which significantly influence their ligand affinity. Thus, ligand selectivity appears to be modulated by subtle differences in the monosaccharide binding sites. Taken together, our results may contribute to the understanding, at a molecular level, of the structural and dynamical determinants that distinguish individual human galectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M A Guardia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EHA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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1495
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The impact of Trichoderma reesei Cel7A carbohydrate binding domain mutations on its binding to a cellulose surface: a molecular dynamics free energy study. J Mol Model 2011; 18:1355-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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1496
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Chundawat SPS, Bellesia G, Uppugundla N, da Costa Sousa L, Gao D, Cheh AM, Agarwal UP, Bianchetti CM, Phillips GN, Langan P, Balan V, Gnanakaran S, Dale BE. Restructuring the Crystalline Cellulose Hydrogen Bond Network Enhances Its Depolymerization Rate. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11163-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2011115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Albert M. Cheh
- Departments of Environmental Science and Chemistry, American University, Washington, D.C. 20016, United States
| | - Umesh P. Agarwal
- Forest Product Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
| | - Christopher M. Bianchetti
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - George N. Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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1497
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Miller MC, Ribeiro JP, Roldós V, Martín-Santamaría S, Cañada FJ, Nesmelova IA, André S, Pang M, Klyosov AA, Baum LG, Jiménez-Barbero J, Gabius HJ, Mayo KH. Structural aspects of binding of α-linked digalactosides to human galectin-1. Glycobiology 2011; 21:1627-41. [PMID: 21712397 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
By definition, adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins are known for their ability to bind β-galactosides such as Galβ(1 → 4)Glc (lactose). Indications for affinity of human galectin-1 to α-linked digalactosides pose questions on the interaction profile with such bound ligands and selection of the galactose moiety for CH-π stacking. These issues are resolved by a combination of (15)N-(1)H heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) chemical shift and saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance (STD NMR) epitope mappings with docking analysis, using the α(1 → 3/4)-linked digalactosides and also Galα(1 → 6)Glc (melibiose) as test compounds. The experimental part revealed interaction with the canonical lectin site, and this preferentially via the non-reducing-end galactose moiety. Low-energy conformers appear to be selected without notable distortion, as shown by molecular dynamics simulations. With the α(1 → 4) disaccharide, however, the typical CH-π interaction is significantly diminished, yet binding appears to be partially compensated for by hydrogen bonding. Overall, these findings reveal that the type of α-linkage in digalactosides has an impact on maintaining CH-π interactions and the pattern of hydrogen bonding, explaining preference for the α(1 → 3) linkage. Thus, this lectin is able to accommodate both α- and β-linked galactosides at the same site, with major contacts to the non-reducing-end sugar unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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1498
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Ganeshapillai J, Boncheff AG, Slavic D, MacInnes J, Monteiro MA. The lipopolysaccharide core of Actinobacillus suis and its relationship to those of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 89:351-8. [PMID: 21639829 DOI: 10.1139/o11-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacteria Actinobacillus suis colonizes the upper respiratory and genital tracts of swine. Along with capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides (O-chain→core→lipid A~cell) are a main cell-surface component of A. suis. In this study, we determined that A. suis lipopolysaccharide incorporates a conserved core that shares some structural features with several core types of A. pleuropneumoniae . These common core structural features likely account for the observed serological cross-reactivity between A. suis and A. pleuropneumoniae, and the data suggest that the structural epitopes responsible for immunogenicity are those in the outer core domain.
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1499
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Abstract
Computerized molecular modeling continues to increase in capability and applicability to carbohydrates. This chapter covers nomenclature and conformational aspects of carbohydrates, perhaps of greater use to carbohydrate-inexperienced computational chemists. Its comments on various methods and studies might be of more use to computation-inexperienced carbohydrate chemists. New work on intrinsic variability of glucose, an overall theme, is described.
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1500
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Deutschmann R, Boncheff AG, MacInnes JI, Monteiro MA. Discovery and characterization of a fructosylated capsule polysaccharide and sialylated lipopolysaccharide in a virulent strain of Actinobacillus suis. Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 89:325-31. [PMID: 21612441 DOI: 10.1139/o11-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We are developing a serotyping system for Actinobacillus suis based on its capsule (K) and lipopolysaccharide O-chain (O) structures. Previously, we have shown that less virulent strains of this swine pathogen express a (1→6)-β-D-glucan as both K- and O-chain polysaccharides and were serologically classified as K:1/O:1. Here, we show that representative A. suis strains with a high (H91-0380; serotype K:2/O:2) and intermediate (C84; serotype K:2/O:1) degree of virulence possess a capsule polysaccharide (K:2) composed of an O-acetylated diglycosyl phosphate repeat decorated with fructose: [→4)-3-O-Ac-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-[β-D-Fruf-(2→2)]-α-D-Galp-(1→PO(4)(-)→]. In addition, the serotype O:2 lipopolysaccharide was shown to express a sialylated O-chain [→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-[Neu5Ac-(2→3)-α-D-Galp-(1→6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1→6)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→]. As (1→6)-β-D-glucan is ubiquitous in the environment, low levels of antibodies in the animals are predicted to prevent disease by K:1/O:1 strains. The greater potential associated with K:2/O:2 and K:2/O:1 strains is most likely due to the absence of (1→6)-β-D-glucan as the K antigen and, in the case of K:2/O:2, the presence of sialic acid in the lipopolysaccharide, a nonulosonic acid known to promote evasion of host recognition.
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