151
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Wang Y, Zhou X, Ren L, Wang L, Lu L, Liu B, Chen J. Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyl‐Terminated Poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate). JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320801946942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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152
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He C, Zhao C, Chen X, Guo Z, Zhuang X, Jing X. Novel pH- and Temperature-Responsive Block Copolymers with Tunable pH-Responsive Range. Macromol Rapid Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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153
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Zhu JL, Cheng H, Jin Y, Cheng SX, Zhang XZ, Zhuo RX. Novel polycationic micelles for drug delivery and gene transfer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b801249k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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154
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Choi SJ, Oh JM, Choy JH. Human-related application and nanotoxicology of inorganic particles: complementary aspects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b711208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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155
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A new biodegradable polymer: PEGylated chitosan-g-PEI possessing a hydroxyl group at the PEG end. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-007-9157-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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156
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Xu D, Hong J, Sheng K, Dong L, Yao S. Preparation of polyethyleneimine nanogels via photo-Fenton reaction. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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157
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Zhu W, Xie W, Tong X, Shen Z. Amphiphilic biodegradable poly(CL-b-PEG-b-CL) triblock copolymers prepared by novel rare earth complex: Synthesis and crystallization properties. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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158
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Huang L, Hu J, Lang L, Chen X, Wei Y, Jing X. Synthesis of a Novel Electroactive ABA Triblock Copolymer and its Spontaneous Self-Assembly in Water. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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159
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Hong H, Mai Y, Zhou Y, Yan D, Cui J. Self-Assembly of Large Multimolecular Micelles from Hyperbranched Star Copolymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200600752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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160
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Deng C, Chen X, Yu H, Sun J, Lu T, Jing X. A biodegradable triblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-lactide)-b-poly(l-lysine): Synthesis, self-assembly, and RGD peptide modification. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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161
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Deng C, Chen X, Sun J, Lu T, Wang W, Jing X. RGD peptide grafted biodegradable amphiphilic triblock copolymer poly(glutamic acid)-b-poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(glutamic acid): Synthesis and self-assembly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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162
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Shelke NB, Aminabhavi TM. Synthesis and characterization of methoxypolyethyleneglycol and lauric acid grafted novel polyurethanes for controlled release of nifedipine. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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163
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Kricheldorf HR. Polypeptides and 100 years of chemistry of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5752-84. [PMID: 16948174 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses and polymerizations of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) were reported for the first time by Hermann Leuchs in 1906. Since that time, these cyclic and highly reactive amino acid derivatives were used for stepwise peptide syntheses but mainly for the formation of polypeptides by ring-opening polymerizations. This review summarizes the literature after 1985 and reports on new aspects of the polymerization processes, such as the formation of cyclic polypeptides or novel organometal catalysts. Polypeptides with various architectures, such as diblock, triblock, and multiblock sequences, and star-shaped or dendritic structures are also mentioned. Furthermore, lyotropic and thermotropic liquid-crystalline polypeptides will be discussed and the role of polypeptides as drugs or drug carriers are reviewed. Finally, the hypothetical role of NCAs in molecular evolution on the prebiotic Earth is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans R Kricheldorf
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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164
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Kricheldorf HR. Polypeptide und 100 Jahre Chemie der α-Aminosäure-N-carboxyanhydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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165
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Zhang N, Guo SR, Li HQ, Liu L, Li ZH, Gu JR. Synthesis of Three Types of Amphiphilic Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-Poly(sebacic anhydride) Copolymers and Studies of their Micellar Solutions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200600100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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166
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Tian H, Chen X, Lin H, Deng C, Zhang P, Wei Y, Jing X. Micellization and Reversible pH-Sensitive Phase Transfer of the Hyperbranched Multiarm PEI–PBLG Copolymer. Chemistry 2006; 12:4305-12. [PMID: 16568488 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel, hyperbranched, amphiphilic multiarm biodegradable polyethylenimine-poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PEI-PBLG) copolymer was prepared by the ring-opening polymerization of gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate-N-carboxyanhydride (BLG-NCA) with hyperbranched PEI as a macroinitiator. The copolymer could self-assemble into core-shell micelles in aqueous solution with highly hydrophobic micelle cores. As the PBLG content was increased, the size of the micelles increased and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreased. The surface of the micelles had a positive zeta potential. The cationic micelles were capable of complexing with plasmid DNA (pDNA), which could be released subsequently by treatment with polyanions. The PEI-PBLG copolymer formed unimolecular micelles in chloroform solution. The pH-sensitive phase-transfer behavior exhibited two critical pH points for triggering the encapsulation and release of guest molecules. Both the encapsulation and release processes were rapid and reversible. Under strong acidic or alkaline conditions, the release process became partially or completely irreversible. Thus, this copolymer system should be an attractive candidate for a gene- or drug-delivery system in aqueous media and could provide the phase-transfer carriers between water and organic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
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Abstract
Polymers occupy a major portion of materials used for controlled release formulations and drug-targeting systems because this class of materials presents seemingly endless diversity in topology and chemistry. This is a crucial advantage over other classes of materials to meet the ever-increasing requirements of new designs of drug delivery formulations. The polymer architecture (topology) describes the shape of a single polymer molecule. Every natural, seminatural, and synthetic polymer falls into one of categorized architectures: linear, graft, branched, cross-linked, block, star-shaped, and dendron/dendrimer topology. Although this topic spans a truly broad area in polymer science, this review introduces polymer architectures along with brief synthetic approaches for pharmaceutical scientists who are not familiar with polymer science, summarizes the characteristic properties of each architecture useful for drug delivery applications, and covers recent advances in drug delivery relevant to polymer architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, 421 Wakara Way, Suite 315, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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169
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Li X, Su Y, Chen Q, Lin Y, Tong Y, Li Y. Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Hyperbranched Poly(ester-amide)s Based on Natural Material. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:3181-8. [PMID: 16283744 DOI: 10.1021/bm050531l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel AB3-type monomers were prepared from nontoxic natural gallic acid and amino acids. These monomers were then melt-polycondensed in the presence of MgO as a catalyst via a transesterification process at 170-190 degrees C to yield the hyperbranched poly(ester-amide)s bearing terminal acetyl groups. FTIR and NMR spectra confirmed the structures of all the monomers and polymers. The degrees of branching, estimated from 1H NMR and quantitative 13C NMR spectra, were 0.50-0.68. These hyperbranched polymers displayed moderately high molecular weights. Hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation studies were carried out in vitro at 37.5 degrees C in NaOH hydrotropic solution and in Tris-HCl buffer (pH = 8.6) containing proteinase K, respectively. The results indicate that the hyperbranched poly(ester-amide)s are degradable hydrolytically as well as enzymatically, and the rate of hydrolytic degradation increases with the pH value of the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P R China
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170
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Satoh T, Tamaki M, Kitajyo Y, Maeda T, Ishihara H, Imai T, Kaga H, Kakuchi T. Synthesis of unimolecular reversed micelle consisting of a poly(L-lactide) shell and hyperbranchedD-mannan core. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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