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Serum metabolomic signatures discriminate early liver inflammation and fibrosis stages in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30853. [PMID: 27498553 PMCID: PMC4976343 DOI: 10.1038/srep30853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic HBV (CHB) infected patients with intermediate necroinflammation and fibrosis are recommended to receive antiviral treatment. However, other than liver biopsy, there is a lack of sensitive and specific objective method to determine the necroinflammation and fibrosis stages in CHB patients. This study aims to identify unique serum metabolomic profile associated with histological progression in CHB patients and to develop novel metabolite biomarker panels for early CHB detection and stratification. A comprehensive metabolomic profiling method was established to compare serum samples collected from health donor (n = 67), patients with mild (G < 2 and S < 2, CHB1, n = 52) or intermediate (G ≥ 2 or S ≥ 2, CHB2, n = 36) necroinflammation and fibrosis. Multivariate models were developed to differentiate CHB1 and CHB2 from controls. A set of CHB-associated biomarkers was identified, including lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, and bile acid metabolism products. Stratification of CHB1 and CHB2 patients by a simple logistic index, the PIPSindex, based on phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylserine (PS), was achieved with an AUC of 0.961, which outperformed all currently available markers. A panel of serum metabolites that differentiate health control, CHB1 and CHB2 patients has been identified. The proposed metabolomic biosignature has the potential to be used as indicator for antiviral treatment for CHB management.
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153
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Lemoine M, Shimakawa Y, Njie R, Taal M, Ndow G, Chemin I, Ghosh S, Njai HF, Jeng A, Sow A, Toure-Kane C, Mboup S, Suso P, Tamba S, Jatta A, Sarr L, Kambi A, Stanger W, Nayagam S, Howell J, Mpabanzi L, Nyan O, Corrah T, Whittle H, Taylor-Robinson SD, D'Alessandro U, Mendy M, Thursz MR. Acceptability and feasibility of a screen-and-treat programme for hepatitis B virus infection in The Gambia: the Prevention of Liver Fibrosis and Cancer in Africa (PROLIFICA) study. Lancet Glob Health 2016; 4:e559-67. [PMID: 27443781 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(16)30130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the introduction of immunisation for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the 1990s, HBV-related morbidity and mortality remain high in sub-Saharan Africa. Identification and treatment of asymptomatic people with chronic HBV infection should reduce the disease burden. We therefore assessed the feasibility of a screen-and-treat programme for HBV infection in The Gambia, west Africa, and estimated the proportion of HBV-infected people who had significant liver disease in need of treatment. METHODS Between Dec 7, 2011, and Jan 24, 2014, individuals living in randomly selected communities in western Gambia were offered hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening via a point-of-care test. The test was also offered to potential blood donors attending the central hospital in the capital, Banjul. HBsAg-positive individuals were invited for a comprehensive liver assessment and were offered treatment according to international guidelines. We defined linkage to care as visiting the liver clinic at least once. Eligibility for treatment was judged in accordance with the 2012 European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines. FINDINGS HBsAg screening was accepted by 5980 (weighted estimate 68·9%, 95% CI 65·0-72·4) of 8170 adults from 27 rural and 27 urban communities and 5559 (81·4%, 80·4-82·3) of 6832 blood donors. HBsAg was detected in 495 (8·8%, 7·9-9·7) individuals in communities and 721 (13·0%, 12·1-13·9) blood donors. Prevalence was higher in men (239 [10·5%, 8·9-12·1] of 2328 men vs 256 [7·6%, 6·5-8·7] of 3652 women; p=0·004) and middle-aged participants. Linkage to care was high in the communities, with 402 (81·3%) of 495 HBsAg-positive individuals attending the clinic. However, only 300 (41·6%) of 721 HBsAg-positive people screened at the blood bank linked into care. Of those who attended the clinic, 18 (4·4%, 2·5-7·7) patients from the communities and 29 (9·7%, 6·8-13·6) from the blood bank were eligible for treatment. Male sex was strongly associated with treatment eligibility (odds ratio 4·35, 1·50-12·58; p=0·007). INTERPRETATION HBV infection remains highly prevalent in The Gambia. The high coverage of community-based screening, good linkage into care, and the small proportion of HBsAg carriers who need treatment suggest that large-scale screening and treatment programmes are feasible in sub-Saharan Africa. FUNDING European Commission (FP7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Lemoine
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia; Division of Digestive Diseases, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yusuke Shimakawa
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia; Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ramou Njie
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Makie Taal
- Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Gibril Ndow
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia; Division of Digestive Diseases, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Chemin
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Sumantra Ghosh
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Harr F Njai
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Adam Jeng
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Amina Sow
- Department of bacteriology and Virology, CHU Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Coumba Toure-Kane
- Department of bacteriology and Virology, CHU Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Souleymane Mboup
- Department of bacteriology and Virology, CHU Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Penda Suso
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Saydiba Tamba
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Abdullah Jatta
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Louise Sarr
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Aboubacar Kambi
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - William Stanger
- Division of Digestive Diseases, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shevanthi Nayagam
- Division of Digestive Diseases, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica Howell
- Division of Digestive Diseases, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liliane Mpabanzi
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Netherlands; NUTRIM School of Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Netherlands; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ousman Nyan
- Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH), Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Tumani Corrah
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Hilton Whittle
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Maimuna Mendy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Mark R Thursz
- Division of Digestive Diseases, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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154
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Schoeman JC, Hou J, Harms AC, Vreeken RJ, Berger R, Hankemeier T, Boonstra A. Metabolic characterization of the natural progression of chronic hepatitis B. Genome Med 2016; 8:64. [PMID: 27286979 PMCID: PMC4902991 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-016-0318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, over 350 million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and are at increased risk of developing progressive liver diseases. The confinement of HBV replication to the liver, which also acts as the central hub for metabolic and nutritional regulation, emphasizes the interlinked nature of host metabolism and the disease. Still, the metabolic processes operational during the distinct clinical phases of a chronic HBV infection—immune tolerant, immune active, inactive carrier, and HBeAg-negative hepatitis phases—remains unexplored. Methods To investigate this, we conducted a targeted metabolomics approach on serum to determine the metabolic progression over the clinical phases of chronic HBV infection, using patient samples grouped based on their HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase, and HBeAg serum levels. Results Our data illustrate the strength of metabolomics to provide insight into the metabolic dysregulation experienced during chronic HBV. The immune tolerant phase is characterized by the speculated viral hijacking of the glycerol-3-phosphate–NADH shuttle, explaining the reduced glycerophospholipid and increased plasmalogen species, indicating a strong link to HBV replication. The persisting impairment of the choline glycerophospholipids, even during the inactive carrier phase with minimal HBV activity, alludes to possible metabolic imprinting effects. The progression of chronic HBV is associated with increased concentrations of very long chain triglycerides together with citrulline and ornithine, reflective of a dysregulated urea cycle peaking in the HBV envelope antigen-negative phase. Conclusions The work presented here will aid in future studies to (i) validate and understand the implication of these metabolic changes using a thorough systems biology approach, (ii) monitor and predict disease severity, as well as (iii) determine the therapeutic value of the glycerol-3-phosphate–NADH shuttle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0318-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C Schoeman
- Department of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Room Na-1011, 3015, CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amy C Harms
- Department of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J Vreeken
- Department of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Present address: Discovery Sciences, Janssen R&D, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ruud Berger
- Department of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Department of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andre Boonstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Room Na-1011, 3015, CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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155
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Serrano-Aulló M, Lorente-Perez S. Hepatitis vírica: un problema de salud que precisa una adecuada planificación. Rev Clin Esp 2016; 216:253-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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156
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Ogholikhan S, Schwarz KB. Hepatitis Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2016; 4:E6. [PMID: 26978406 PMCID: PMC4810058 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines4010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis is a serious health problem all over the world. However, the reduction of the morbidity and mortality due to vaccinations against hepatitis A and hepatitis B has been a major component in the overall reduction in vaccine preventable diseases. We will discuss the epidemiology, vaccine development, and post-vaccination effects of the hepatitis A and B virus. In addition, we discuss attempts to provide hepatitis D vaccine for the 350 million individuals infected with hepatitis B globally. Given the lack of a hepatitis C vaccine, the many challenges facing the production of a hepatitis C vaccine will be shown, along with current and former vaccination trials. As there is no current FDA-approved hepatitis E vaccine, we will present vaccination data that is available in the rest of the world. Finally, we will discuss the existing challenges and questions facing future endeavors for each of the hepatitis viruses, with efforts continuing to focus on dramatically reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with these serious infections of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Ogholikhan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Pediatric Liver Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, CMSC 2-125, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Kathleen B Schwarz
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Pediatric Liver Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, CMSC 2-125, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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157
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Feiring B, Laake I, Molden T, Håberg SE, Nøkleby H, Seterelv SS, Magnus P, Trogstad L. Do selective immunisation against tuberculosis and hepatitis B reach the targeted populations? A nationwide register-based study evaluating the recommendations in the Norwegian Childhood Immunisation Programme. Vaccine 2016; 34:2015-20. [PMID: 26947498 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective immunisation is an alternative to universal vaccination if children at increased risk of disease can be identified. Within the Norwegian Childhood Immunisation Programme, BCG vaccine against tuberculosis and vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) are offered only to children with parents from countries with high burden of the respective disease. We wanted to study whether this selective immunisation policy reaches the targeted groups. METHODS The study population was identified through the Norwegian Central Population Registry and consisted of all children born in Norway 2007-2010 and residing in Norway until their second birthday, in total 240,484 children. Information on vaccinations from the Norwegian Immunisation Registry, and on parental country of birth from Statistics Norway, was linked to the population registry by personal identifiers. The coverage of BCG and HBV vaccine was compared with the coverage of vaccines in the universal programme. RESULTS Among the study population, 16.1% and 15.9% belonged to the target groups for BCG and HBV vaccine, respectively. Among children in the BCG target group the BCG vaccine coverage was lower than the coverage of pertussis and measles vaccine (83.6% vs. 98.6% and 92.3%, respectively). Likewise, the HBV vaccine coverage was lower than the coverage of pertussis and measles vaccine in the HBV target group (90.0% vs. 98.6% and 92.3%, respectively). The coverage of the targeted vaccines was highest among children with parents from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. The coverage of vaccines in the universal programme was similar in targeted and non-targeted groups. CONCLUSIONS Children targeted by selective vaccination had lower coverage of the target vaccines than of vaccines in the universal programme, indicating that selective vaccination is challenging. Improved routines for identifying eligible children and delivering the target vaccines are needed. Universal vaccination of all children with these vaccines could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Feiring
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ida Laake
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tor Molden
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Siri E Håberg
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hanne Nøkleby
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Per Magnus
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lill Trogstad
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
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158
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Surveillance and response of hepatitis B virus in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 1988-2014. Western Pac Surveill Response J 2016; 7:24-28. [PMID: 27757251 DOI: 10.5365/wpsar.2015.6.3.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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159
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Wu YH. Naturally derived anti-hepatitis B virus agents and their mechanism of action. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:188-204. [PMID: 26755870 PMCID: PMC4698485 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite that some approved drugs and genetically engineered vaccines against hepatitis B virus (HBV) are available for HBV patients, HBV infection is still a severe public health problem in the world. All the approved therapeutic drugs (including interferon-alpha and nucleoside analogues) have their limitations. No drugs or therapeutic methods can cure hepatitis B so far. Therefore, it is urgently needed to discover and develop new anti-HBV drugs, especially non-nucleoside agents. Naturally originated compounds with enormous molecular complexity and diversity offer a great opportunity to find novel anti-HBV lead compounds with specific antiviral mechanisms. In this review, the natural products against HBV are discussed according to their chemical classes such as terpenes, lignans, phenolic acids, polyphenols, lactones, alkaloids and flavonoids. Furthermore, novel mode of action or new targets of some representative anti-HBV natural products are also discussed. The aim of this review is to report new discoveries and updates pertaining to anti-HBV natural products in the last 20 years, especially novel skeletons and mode of action. Although many natural products with various skeletons have been reported to exhibit potent anti-HBV effects to date, scarcely any of them are found in the list of conventional anti-HBV drugs worldwide. Additionly, in anti-HBV mechanism of action, only a few references reported new targets or novel mode of action of anti-HBV natural products.
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160
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Demma S, Dusheiko G. The current treatment situation and definitions of a cure for chronic HBV infection. Future Virol 2016. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.15.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HBV vaccination, while effective in reducing incident chronic disease in endemic regions, will not have the desired impact on the rates of end-stage liver disease in chronically infected persons. Over three decades, IFN-α and nucleoside analogs have reduced the morbidity from the disease. A large reservoir of chronic infection remains. The natural history of HBV infection is still being defined. Understanding the interactions between HBV and the host will be fundamental to achieving higher rates of cure. Curing hepatitis B will require several steps for either eradication, or a functional cure in the host. It is unclear whether covently closed circular DNA chromatin would need to be cleared to cure hepatitis B, or whether low threshold levels would slow the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Demma
- UCL institute of Liver & Digestive Health & Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Medical & Pediatric Sciences, University of Catania, Policlinic, Via S. Sofia No 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Geoffrey Dusheiko
- UCL institute of Liver & Digestive Health & Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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161
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Wang YJ, Yang L, Zuo JP. Recent developments in antivirals against hepatitis B virus. Virus Res 2015; 213:205-213. [PMID: 26732483 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB) is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the availability of HBV vaccines effectively reduces the incidence of HBV infection, the healthcare burden from CHB remains high. Several antiviral agents, such as (pegylated-) interferon-α and nucleos(t)ide analogs are approved by US FDA for chronic HBV infection management. Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) have been recommended as the first-line anti-HBV drugs for excellent viral suppression with a low risk of antiviral resistance, but the cost and need for essentially life-long treatment are considerable challenges. And none of these current treatments can eradicate the intracellular virus. Given these issues, there is still an unmet medical need for an efficient HBV cure. We summarize here the key developments of antivirals against hepatitis B virus, including HBV replication cycle inhibitors and host immune regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zuchongzhi Road 555, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zuchongzhi Road 555, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Ping Zuo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zuchongzhi Road 555, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Bai L, Nong Y, Shi Y, Liu M, Yan L, Shang J, Huang F, Lin Y, Tang H. Luteolin Inhibits Hepatitis B Virus Replication through Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Mediated Down-Regulation of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α Expression. Mol Pharm 2015; 13:568-77. [PMID: 26656210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Whether luteolin inhibits HBV replication has not been validated and the underlying mechanism of which has never been elucidated. In this study, we show that luteolin reduces HBV DNA replication in HepG2.2.15 cells. Luteolin effectively inhibited the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and its binding to the HBV promoters in HepG2.2.15 cells. While the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was activated by luteolin, inhibition of ERK abolished luteolin-induced HNF4α suppression. Consistently, blocking ERK attenuated the anti-HBV activity of luteolin. In a HBV replication mouse model, luteolin decreased the levels of HBsAg, HBeAg, HBV DNA replication intermediates, and the HBsAg and HBcAg expression. Taken together, our results validated the anti-HBV activity of luteolin in both in vitro and in vivo studies and established a signaling cascade consisting of ERK and HNF4α for inhibition of HBV replication by luteolin, which may be exploited for clinical application of luteolin for anti-HBV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Bai
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunhong Nong
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Libo Yan
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feijun Huang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Medical School of Basic and Forensic Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Molecular Biology and Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, United States
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, China
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163
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Chen CH, Lin CL, Kao CH. Association Between Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Risk of Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2276. [PMID: 26683953 PMCID: PMC5058925 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on bone mineral density in patients without advanced liver disease remains unclear. Hence, we assessed the association between HBV infection and the risk of osteoporosis. From 2000 to 2011, patients older than 20 years with HBV infection were identified from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. Of the 180,730 sampled patients, 36,146 and 144,584 patients were categorized into HBV infection and comparison cohorts, respectively. Compared with the comparison cohort, the HBV infection patients had a higher risk of osteoporosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.25) after adjusting for age, sex, frequency of medical visits, and comorbidities of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart failure, cirrhosis, chronic kidney disease, thyroid diseases, medication of steroid, PPI, warfarin, aspirin, and estrogen replacement therapy. The patients with HBV infection exhibited a 1.13-fold (95% CI = 1.03-1.25) higher risk of developing osteoporosis, but the risk of osteoporotic fracture was comparable between patients with HBV infection and the comparison cohort (aHR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.77-1.86). The incidence of osteoporosis increased with the increment of age (age ≤ 49: aHR = 1; age 50-64: aHR = 5.67, 95% CI = 5.09-6.32; age ≧ 65: aHR = 13.3, 95% CI = 11.8-14.9) and coexisting cirrhosis (aHR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.24-2.12). However, the osteoporosis risk contributed by HBV infection decreased with age and the age-specific risk analyses showed that patients with HBV infection exhibited the highest risk of osteoporosis than patients without HBV infection for the patients aged ≤49 (aHR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.19-1.70). Furthermore, the osteoporosis risk contributed by HBV infection has decreased with the presence of comorbidity (aHR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.09-1.48 vs aHR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.91-1.15). HBV increases the risk of osteoporosis, but HBV infection may be less influential than other risk factors. Moreover, HBV has no detrimental effect on osteoporotic fracture in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hua Chen
- From the Digestive Disease Center, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua (C-HC), Hungkuang University, Taichung (C-HC), Meiho University of Technology, Pingtung (C-HC), Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital (C-LL), College of Medicine (C-LL), Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University (C-HK); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (C-HK)
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164
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H MacLachlan
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Viral Hepatitis VIDRL, Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Stephen Locarnini
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Viral Hepatitis VIDRL, Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin C Cowie
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Viral Hepatitis VIDRL, Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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165
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Bragazzi NL, Amicizia D, Panatto D, Tramalloni D, Valle I, Gasparini R. Quartz-Crystal Microbalance (QCM) for Public Health: An Overview of Its Applications. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 101:149-211. [PMID: 26572979 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanobiotechnologies, from the convergence of nanotechnology and molecular biology and postgenomics medicine, play a major role in the field of public health. This overview summarizes the potentiality of piezoelectric sensors, and in particular, of quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM), a physical nanogram-sensitive device. QCM enables the rapid, real time, on-site detection of pathogens with an enormous burden in public health, such as influenza and other respiratory viruses, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and drug-resistant bacteria, among others. Further, it allows to detect food allergens, food-borne pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, and food chemical contaminants, as well as water-borne microorganisms and environmental contaminants. Moreover, QCM holds promises in early cancer detection and screening of new antiblastic drugs. Applications for monitoring biohazards, for assuring homeland security, and preventing bioterrorism are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Via Antonio Pastore 1, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Amicizia
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Via Antonio Pastore 1, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Donatella Panatto
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Via Antonio Pastore 1, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Tramalloni
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Via Antonio Pastore 1, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ivana Valle
- SSD "Popolazione a rischio," Health Prevention Department, Local Health Unit ASL3 Genovese, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Gasparini
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Via Antonio Pastore 1, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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166
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HBV Core Protein Enhances Cytokine Production. Diseases 2015; 3:213-220. [PMID: 28943621 PMCID: PMC5548245 DOI: 10.3390/diseases3030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, a cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains a serious global health concern. HCC development and human hepatocarcinogenesis are associated with hepatic inflammation caused by host interferons and cytokines. This article focused on the association between the HBV core protein, which is one of the HBV-encoding proteins, and cytokine production. The HBV core protein induced the production of interferons and cytokines in human hepatoma cells and in a mouse model. These factors may be responsible for persistent HBV infection and hepatocarcinogenesis. Inhibitors of programmed death (PD)-1 and HBV core and therapeutic vaccines including HBV core might be useful for the treatment of patients with chronic HBV infection. Inhibitors of HBV core, which is important for hepatic inflammation, could be helpful in preventing the progression of liver diseases in HBV-infected patients.
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167
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NTCP opens the door for hepatitis B virus infection. Antiviral Res 2015; 121:24-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus remains a serious and life-threatening disease for approximately 5% of the world's population, despite the availability of effective vaccines. Although prognoses can be improved by chemotherapy, treatment options are limited and none has been consistently successful. Interferon-alpha, the longest established therapy, has limited efficacy, is slow-acting and frequently causes adverse effects. Newer drugs comprise of mainly nucleoside and nucleotide analogs. The two that are currently approved, lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil, are well tolerated; both produce rapid and dramatic responses, but their effects may not be sustainable in the long-term due to the emergence of resistant virus. Development of resistance to lamivudine is approximately ten-times more frequent than development of resistance to adefovir dipivoxil (approximately 60 and 6%, respectively) during the first 3 years of therapy. Entecavir, a carbocyclic deoxyguanosine analog that is active against both lamivudine- and adefovir dipivoxil-resistant HBV, is in the vanguard of new antihepatitis B virus drugs that have progressed to Phase III clinical trials. It is the most potent antihepatitis B virus agent discovered to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Shaw
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, 10 Wreckyn Street, North Melbourne, Victoria, 3051 Australia.
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