151
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The Role of Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger 1 in Dysregulation of Proton Dynamics and Reprogramming of Cancer Metabolism as a Sequela. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153694. [PMID: 31357694 PMCID: PMC6696090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have an unusual regulation of hydrogen ion dynamics that are driven by poor vascularity perfusion, regional hypoxia, and increased glycolysis. All these forces synergize/orchestrate together to create extracellular acidity and intracellular alkalinity. Precisely, they lead to extracellular pH (pHe) values as low as 6.2 and intracellular pH values as high as 8. This unique pH gradient (∆pHi to ∆pHe) across the cell membrane increases as the tumor progresses, and is markedly displaced from the electrochemical equilibrium of protons. These unusual pH dynamics influence cancer cell biology, including proliferation, metastasis, and metabolic adaptation. Warburg metabolism with increased glycolysis, even in the presence of Oxygen with the subsequent reduction in Krebs’ cycle, is a common feature of most cancers. This metabolic reprogramming confers evolutionary advantages to cancer cells by enhancing their resistance to hypoxia, to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, allowing rapid production of biological building blocks that support cellular proliferation, and shielding against damaging mitochondrial free radicals. In this article, we highlight the interconnected roles of dysregulated pH dynamics in cancer initiation, progression, adaptation, and in determining the programming and re-programming of tumor cell metabolism.
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152
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Chen F, Zheng A, Li F, Wen S, Chen S, Tao Z. Screening and identification of potential target genes in head and neck cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2955-2966. [PMID: 31452775 PMCID: PMC6676651 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Recent studies on the pathogenesis of HNC have identified some biochemical associations of this disease, but the molecular mechanisms are not clear. To explore the genetic alterations in head and neck tumors, to identify new high-specificity and high-sensitivity tumor markers, and to investigate potentially effective therapeutic targets, in silico methods were used to study HNC. The GSE58911 microarray dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus online database to identify potential target genes in the carcinogenesis and progression of HNC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functional enrichment analysis was performed. In addition, a protein-protein interaction network was also constructed, and gene analysis was undertaken using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Cytoscape. A total of 648 differentially expressed genes were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis of DEGs included muscle system process, extracellular matrix organization, actin binding, structural molecule activity, structural constituent of muscle, extracellular region part, ECM-receptor interaction, amoebiasis, focal adhesion, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, and chemical carcinogenesis. There were 26 hub genes identified and biological process analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, serine-type endopeptidase activity, extracellular matrix, and complement and coagulation cascades. Survival analysis revealed that interleukin (IL)-8 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8), IL1B, and serpin family A member 1 may be involved in the carcinogenesis of HNC. In summary, the DEGs and hub genes identified in the present study may increase understanding of the molecular mechanisms of development of HNC and provide potential target genes for clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhai Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Anyuan Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Silu Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shiming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zezhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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153
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Chen Q, Yu D, Zhao Y, Qiu J, Xie Y, Tao M. Screening and identification of hub genes in pancreatic cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19496-19508. [PMID: 31297881 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (Pa) is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract with high degree of malignancy, this study aimed to obtain the hub genes in the tumorigenesis of Pa. Microarray datasets GSE15471, GSE16515, and GSE62452 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, GEO2R was conducted to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and functional enrichment analyses were carried out by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING), and the hub genes were identified by Cytoscape. Totally 205 DEGs were identified, consisting of 51 downregulated genes and 154 upregulated genes enriched in Gene Ontology terms including extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, collagen binding, cell adhesion, and pathways associated with ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and protein digestion. Two modules in the PPI were chosen and biological process analyses showed that the module genes were mainly enriched in ECM and cell adhesion. Twenty-four hub genes were confirmed, the survival analyses from the cBioPortal online platform revealed that topoisomerase (DNA) II α (TOP2A), periostin (POSTN), plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU), and versican (VCAN) may be involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of Pa, and the receiver-operating characteristic curves indicated their diagnostic value for Pa. Among them, TOP2A, POSTN, and PLAU have been previously reported as biomarkers for Pa, and far too little attention has been paid to VCAN. Analysis from R2 online platform showed that Pa patients with high VCAN expression were more sensitive to gemcitabine than those with low level, suggesting that VCAN may be an indicator to guide the use of the chemotherapeutic drug. In vitro experiments also showed that the sensitivity of the VCAN siRNA group to gemcitabine was lower than that of the control group. In conclusion, this study discerned hub genes and pathways related to the development of Pa, and VCAN was identified as a novel biomarker for the diagnose and therapy of Pa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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154
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Low Expression of GLIS2 Gene Might Associate with Radiosensitivity of Gastric Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:2934925. [PMID: 31281358 PMCID: PMC6590498 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2934925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Human gene GLIS family zinc finger 2 (GLIS2) is a member of GLI-similar zinc finger protein family. Previous studies indicated GLIS2 gene involved in tumorigenesis mechanisms. However, the association between GLIS2 expression and radiosensitivity of gastric cancer has not been well understood. In this study, we used the gastric cancer database in TCGA, and significant association was observed between the low expression of GLIS2 and radiosensitivity of patients with gastric cancer. The adjusted HR values for radiotherapy were 0.162(0.035-0.756) and 0.089(0.014-0.564), with p values 0.021 and 0.010, respectively, in training and testing data, for these patients with low expression of GLIS2, while for patients with high expression of GLIS2, there was no significant survival difference between radiotherapy and nonradiotherapy groups. The adjusted HR were 0.676(0.288-1.586) and 0.508(0.178-1.450), with p values 0.368 and 0.206 in training and testing data, respectively. Further study showed that, for low expression patients, radiotherapy did not significantly increase new tumor event rate and disease progression rate, which partially supported our assumption. These results suggested that low expression of GLIS2 might significantly associate with the radiosensitivity of patients with gastric cancer. The GLIS2 gene might be a potential effective molecular marker of gastric cancer for precise radiotherapy.
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155
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Zeltz C, Alam J, Liu H, Erusappan PM, Hoschuetzky H, Molven A, Parajuli H, Cukierman E, Costea DE, Lu N, Gullberg D. α11β1 Integrin is Induced in a Subset of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Desmoplastic Tumor Stroma and Mediates In Vitro Cell Migration. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E765. [PMID: 31159419 PMCID: PMC6627481 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin α11β1 is a collagen receptor that has been reported to be overexpressed in the stroma of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the current study, we further analyzed integrin α11 expression in 14 tumor types by screening a tumor tissue array while using mAb 203E3, a newly developed monoclonal antibody to human α11. Different degrees of expression of integrin α11 were observed in the stroma of breast, ovary, skin, lung, uterus, stomach, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors. Co-expression queries with the myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast (myCAF) marker, alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA), demonstrated a moderate level of α11+ in myCAFs associated with PDAC and HNSCC tumors, and a lack of α11 expression in additional stromal cells (i.e., cells positive for fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1) and NG2). The new function-blocking α11 antibody, mAb 203E1, inhibited cell adhesion to collagen I, partially hindered fibroblast-mediated collagen remodeling and obstructed the three-dimensional (3D) migration rates of PDAC myCAFs. Our data demonstrate that integrin α11 is expressed in a subset of non-pericyte-derived CAFs in a range of cancers and suggest that α11β1 constitutes an important receptor for collagen remodeling and CAF migration in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Zeltz
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jahedul Alam
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Hengshuo Liu
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Pugazendhi M Erusappan
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Heinz Hoschuetzky
- nanoTools Antikörpertechnik, Tscheulinstr. 21, 79331 Teningen, Germany.
| | - Anders Molven
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Himalaya Parajuli
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Biology Department, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
| | - Daniela-Elena Costea
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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156
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Beta1 integrin blockade overcomes doxorubicin resistance in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:357. [PMID: 31043590 PMCID: PMC6494825 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in cancer chemoresistance. Leukemic T cells express several adhesion receptors of the β1 integrin subfamily with which they interact with ECM. However, the role of β1 integrins in chemoresistance of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is still ill defined. In this study, we demonstrate that interactions of human T-ALL cell lines and primary blasts with three-dimensional matrices including Matrigel and collagen type I gel promote their resistance to doxorubicin via β1 integrin. The blockade of β1 integrin with a specific neutralizing antibody sensitized xenografted CEM leukemic cells to doxorubicin, diminished the leukemic burden in the bone marrow and resulted in the extension of animal survival. Mechanistically, Matrigel/β1 integrin interaction enhanced T-ALL chemoresistance by promoting doxorubicin efflux through the activation of the ABCC1 drug transporter. Finally, our findings showed that Matrigel/β1 interaction enhanced doxorubicin efflux and chemoresistance by activating the FAK-related proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2) as both PYK2 inhibitor and siRNA diminished the effect of Matrigel. Collectively, these results support the role of β1 integrin in T-ALL chemoresistance and suggest that the β1 integrin pathway can constitute a therapeutic target to avoid chemoresistance and relapsed-disease in human T-ALL.
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157
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Kelly GT, Faraj R, Zhang Y, Maltepe E, Fineman JR, Black SM, Wang T. Pulmonary Endothelial Mechanical Sensing and Signaling, a Story of Focal Adhesions and Integrins in Ventilator Induced Lung Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:511. [PMID: 31105595 PMCID: PMC6498899 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with critical illness such as acute lung injury often undergo mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Though lifesaving in many instances, mechanical ventilation often results in ventilator induced lung injury (VILI), characterized by overdistension of lung tissue leading to release of edemagenic agents, which further damage the lung and contribute to the mortality and progression of pulmonary inflammation. The endothelium is particularly sensitive, as VILI associated mechanical stress results in endothelial cytoskeletal rearrangement, stress fiber formation, and integrity loss. At the heart of these changes are integrin tethered focal adhesions (FAs) which participate in mechanosensing, structure, and signaling. Here, we present the known roles of FA proteins including c-Src, talin, FAK, paxillin, vinculin, and integrins in the sensing and response to cyclic stretch and VILI associated stress. Attention is given to how stretch is propagated from the extracellular matrix through integrins to talin and other FA proteins, as well as signaling cascades that include FA proteins, leading to stress fiber formation and other cellular responses. This unifying picture of FAs aids our understanding in an effort to prevent and treat VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel T Kelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Reem Faraj
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Emin Maltepe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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158
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Baicalein Suppresses Stem Cell-Like Characteristics in Radio- and Chemoresistant MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells through Up-Regulation of IFIT2. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030624. [PMID: 30875792 PMCID: PMC6471144 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to both chemotherapy and radiation therapy is frequent in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. We established treatment-resistant TNBC MDA-MB-231/IR cells by irradiating the parental MDA-MB-231 cells 25 times with 2 Gy irradiation and investigated the molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance. The resistant MDA-MB-231/IR cells were enhanced in migration, invasion, and stem cell-like characteristics. Pathway analysis by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery revealed that the NF-κB pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor pathway were enriched in MDA-MB-231/IR cells. Among 77 differentially expressed genes revealed by transcriptome analysis, 12 genes involved in drug and radiation resistance, including interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2 (IFIT2), were identified. We found that baicalein effectively reversed the expression of IFIT2, which is reported to be associated with metastasis, recurrence, and poor prognosis in TNBC patients. Baicalein sensitized radio- and chemoresistant cells and induced apoptosis, while suppressing stem cell-like characteristics, such as mammosphere formation, side population, expression of Oct3/4 and ABCG2, and CD44highCD24low population in MDA-MB-231/IR cells. These findings improve our understanding of the genes implicated in radio- and chemoresistance in breast cancer, and indicate that baicalein can serve as a sensitizer that overcomes treatment resistance.
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159
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Vehlow A, Klapproth E, Jin S, Hannen R, Hauswald M, Bartsch JW, Nimsky C, Temme A, Leitinger B, Cordes N. Interaction of Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 with a 14-3-3-Beclin-1-Akt1 Complex Modulates Glioblastoma Therapy Sensitivity. Cell Rep 2019; 26:3672-3683.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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160
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Guo J, He K, Zeng H, Shi Y, Ye P, Zhou Q, Pan Z, Long X. Differential microRNA expression profiles determined by next-generation sequencing in three fulvestrant-resistant human breast cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3765-3776. [PMID: 30930984 PMCID: PMC6425361 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fulvestrant resistance is a major clinical issue in the treatment of endocrine-based breast cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to serve an important role in tumor chemoresistance. In the present study, the association between miRNA expression profiles and fulvestrant resistance was investigated in human breast cancer cell lines. Three fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cell lines, namely MCF-7-CC, MCF-7-TT and MCF-7-21, were established using the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 as the parental cell line and fulvestrant as the screening drug in vitro. Next-generation sequencing was used to determine the miRNA expression profiles in these cell lines. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to determine the biological functions of differentially expressed miRNAs. In total, 1,536 miRNAs were detected in all the samples, including 1,240 known miRNAs and 296 predicted miRNAs. It was observed that the differential miRNA expression profiles varied among the three fulvestrant-resistant cell lines (MCF-7-CC, MCF-7-TT and MCF-7-21), and certain differentially expressed miRNAs were only detected in one or two of the cell lines. A total of 257 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between MCF-7-CC and MCF-7 cells were detected, among which 69 miRNAs were upregulated and 188 miRNAs were downregulated. In addition, 270 miRNAs with significantly different expression between MCF-7-TT and MCF-7 cells were observed, including 180 upregulated and 90 downregulated miRNAs. Between MCF-7-21 and MCF-7 cells, a total of 227 miRNAs were differentially expressed, among which 52 miRNAs were upregulated and 175 miRNAs were downregulated. The miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the three fulvestrant-resistant cell lines as compared with the parental MCF-7 cell line were primarily involved in the following biological processes: Biological regulation, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, the Notch signaling pathway and focal adhesion. Taken together, the results suggested that miR-143, miR-145, miR-137, miR-424 and miR-21 may serve important roles in fulvestrant resistance in breast cancer. The study findings may provide a basis for further research on the treatment of fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Keli He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhongya Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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161
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Wallace TR, Tarullo SE, Crump LS, Lyons TR. Studies of postpartum mammary gland involution reveal novel pro-metastatic mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5. [PMID: 30847405 PMCID: PMC6400586 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2019.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum involution is the process by which the lactating mammary gland returns to the pre-pregnant state after weaning. Expression of tumor-promotional collagen, upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases, infiltration of M2 macrophages, and remodeling of blood and lymphatic vasculature are all characteristics shared by the involuting mammary gland and breast tumor microenvironment. The tumor promotional nature of the involuting mammary gland is perhaps best evidenced by cases of postpartum breast cancer (PPBC), or those cases diagnosed within 10 years of most recent childbirth. Women with PPBC experience more aggressive disease and higher risk of metastasis than nulliparous patients and those diagnosed outside the postpartum window. Semaphorin 7a (SEMA7A), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and collagen are all expressed in the involuting mammary gland and, together, predict for decreased metastasis free survival in breast cancer. Studies investigating the role of these proteins in involution have been important for understanding their contributions to PPBC. Postpartum involution thus represents a valuable model for the identification of novel molecular drivers of PPBC and classical cancer hallmarks. In this review, we will highlight the similarities between involution and cancer in the mammary gland, and further define the contribution of SEMA7A/COX-2/collagen interplay to postpartum involution and breast tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor R Wallace
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah E Tarullo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lyndsey S Crump
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Traci R Lyons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,University of Colorado Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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162
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Jin S, Bao W, Yang YT, Fu Q, Bai Y, Liu Y. Proteomic analysis of the papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2019; 80:293-300. [PMID: 31606199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study applied iTRAQ and LC-MS/MS techniques for proteome analysis and compared data between specimens of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) vs appropriate controls, in order to investigate the mechanisms underlying the invasion and metastasis process in PTMC development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh-tissue specimens were collected from 40 patients with thyroid disease who underwent surgical treatment. Specimens were divided into four groups: normal histology (NH; n=8), benign thyroid tumor (BTT; n=10), classic PTMC with lymph node metastasis (PTC-LNM(+); n=11), and classic PTMC without lymph node metastasis (PTC-LNM(-); n=11). Proteomic studies were conducted on PTMC tissue samples without capsule invasion and with tumor diameter ranging from 0.5cm to 1cm, so as to focus the study on PTMC development excluding metastasis. RESULTS A total of 8036 proteins were identified in the four groups. Based on protein function analysis, proteins that might be associated with PTMC invasion and metastasis were screened: alpha-actinin-1, alpha-1-antitrypsin, hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), high-mobility group protein HMGI-C, and carbonic anhydrase 4. In addition, proteins involved in the focal adhesion pathway were examined. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the reliability of the iTRAQ results and the universality of differentially expressed proteins. The data showed that HDGF and high-mobility group protein HMGI-C are up-regulated in PTMC and that the focal adhesion pathway that promotes PTMC LNM is activated. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying PTMC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Wuyuntu Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Yun-Tian Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Quan Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Yinbao Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Yousheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
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163
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Identification of key pathways and candidate genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3751-3764. [PMID: 30881497 PMCID: PMC6403508 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy that is difficult to diagnose and treat. The present study integrated PDAC cohort profile datasets to identify key candidate genes and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The expression profiles of GSE28735 included 45 PDCA and matching pairs of adjacent non-tumor tissue. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were sorted and candidate genes and pathway enrichment were analyzed. A DEG-associated protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. A total of 424 DEGs were identified in PDAC, including 159 upregulated genes and 265 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis results indicated that upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in biological process, molecular function and cellular component categories. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis demonstrated that the upregulated DEGs were enriched in ‘pancreatic secretion’, ‘protein digestion’ and ‘absorption’. Downregulated DEGs were enriched in ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, ‘focal adhesion’ and ‘PI3K/AKT’ signaling pathways. The PPI network revealed that these genes were involved in significant pathways, including ‘ECM organization’ signaling pathways (Hippo signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, Hedgehog signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway), ‘serine-type peptidase activity’ signaling pathway (PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF-α signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway) and ‘extracellular region’ signaling pathways (RTP signaling pathway, G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and RAS-RAF-MAPK signaling pathway). The identification of these candidate genes and pathways sheds light on the etiology and molecular mechanisms of PDAC and may guide the development of novel therapies for pancreatic cancer.
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164
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You GR, Cheng AJ, Lee LY, Huang YC, Liu H, Chen YJ, Chang JT. Prognostic signature associated with radioresistance in head and neck cancer via transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:64. [PMID: 30642292 PMCID: PMC6332600 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is an indispensable treatment modality in head and neck cancer (HNC), while radioresistance is the major cause of treatment failure. The aim of this study is to identify a prognostic molecular signature associated with radio-resistance in HNC for further clinical applications. Methods Affymetrix cDNA microarrays were used to globally survey different transcriptomes between HNC cell lines and isogenic radioresistant sublines. The KEGG and Partek bioinformatic analytical methods were used to assess functional pathways associated with radioresistance. The SurvExpress web tool was applied to study the clinical association between gene expression profiles and patient survival using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) dataset (n = 283). The Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were further validated after retrieving clinical data from the TCGA-HNSCC dataset (n = 502) via the Genomic Data Commons (GDC)-Data-Portal of National Cancer Institute. A panel maker molecule was generated to assess the efficacy of prognostic prediction for radiotherapy in HNC patients. Results In total, the expression of 255 molecules was found to be significantly altered in the radioresistant cell sublines, with 155 molecules up-regulated 100 down-regulated. Four core functional pathways were identified to enrich the up-regulated genes and were significantly associated with a worse prognosis in HNC patients, as the modulation of cellular focal adhesion, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and the regulation of stem cell pluripotency. Total of 16 up-regulated genes in the 4 core pathways were defined, and 11 over-expressed molecules showed correlated with poor survival (TCGA-HNSCC dataset, n = 283). Among these, 4 molecules were independently validated as key molecules associated with poor survival in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy (TCGA-HNSCC dataset, n = 502), as IGF1R (p = 0.0454, HR = 1.43), LAMC2 (p = 0.0235, HR = 1.50), ITGB1 (p = 0.0336, HR = 1.46), and IL-6 (p = 0.0033, HR = 1.68). Furthermore, the combined use of these 4 markers product an excellent result to predict worse radiotherapeutic outcome in HNC (p < 0.0001, HR = 2.44). Conclusions Four core functional pathways and 4 key molecular markers significantly contributed to radioresistance in HNC. These molecular signatures may be used as a predictive biomarker panel, which can be further applied in personalized radiotherapy or as radio-sensitizing targets to treat refractory HNC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5243-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Rung You
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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165
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Guo P, He Y, Chen L, Qi L, Liu D, Chen Z, Xiao M, Chen L, Luo Y, Zhang N, Guo H. Cytosolic phospholipase A2α modulates cell-matrix adhesion via the FAK/paxillin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biol Med 2019; 16:377-390. [PMID: 31516757 PMCID: PMC6713643 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell adhesion and the underlying mechanisms. Methods Cell adhesion, detachment, and hanging-drop assays were utilized to examine the effect of cPLA2α on the cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion. Downstream substrates and effectors of cPLA2α were screened via a phospho-antibody microarray. Associated signaling pathways were identified by the functional annotation tool DAVID. Candidate proteins were verified using Western blot and colocalization was investigated via immunofluorescence. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect protein expression in HCC tissues. Prognosis evaluation was conducted using Kaplan-Meier and Cox-proportional hazards regression analyses.
Results Our findings showed that cPLA2α knockdown decreases cell-matrix adhesion but increases cell-cell adhesion in HepG2 cells. Microarray analysis revealed that phosphorylation of multiple proteins at specific sites were regulated by cPLA2α. These phosphorylated proteins were involved in various biological processes. In addition, our results indicated that the focal adhesion pathway was highly enriched in the cPLA2α-relevant signaling pathway. Furthermore, cPLA2α was found to elevate phosphorylation levels of FAK and paxillin, two crucial components of focal adhesion. Moreover, localization of p-FAK to focal adhesions in the plasma membrane was significantly reduced with the downregulation of cPLA2α. Clinically, cPLA2α expression was positively correlated with p-FAK levels. Additionally, high expression of both cPLA2α and p-FAK predicted the worst prognoses for HCC patients. Conclusions Our study indicated that cPLA2α may promote cell-matrix adhesion via the FAK/paxillin pathway, which partly explains the malignant cPLA2α phenotype seen in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Guo
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology
| | | | - Lu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer
| | - Lisha Qi
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Yi Luo
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology
| | | | - Hua Guo
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology
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Semashko VV, Pudovkin MS, Cefalas AC, Zelenikhin PV, Gavriil VE, Nizamutdinov AS, Kollia Z, Ferraro A, Sarantopoulou E. Tiny Rare-Earth Fluoride Nanoparticles Activate Tumour Cell Growth via Electrical Polar Interactions. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:370. [PMID: 30465280 PMCID: PMC6249154 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Localised extracellular interactions between nanoparticles and transmembrane signal receptors may well activate cancer cell growth. Herein, tiny LaF3 and PrF3 nanoparticles in DMEM+FBS suspensions stimulated tumour cell growth in three different human cell lines (A549, SW837 and MCF7). Size distribution of nanoparticles, activation of AKT and ERK signalling pathways and viability tests pointed to mechanical stimulation of ligand adhesion binding sites of integrins and EGFR via a synergistic action of an ensemble of tiny size nanoparticles (< 10 nm). While tiny size nanoparticles may be well associated with the activation of EGFR, integrin interplay with nanoparticles remains a multifaceted issue. A theoretical motif shows that, within the requisite pN force scale, each ligand adhesion binding site can be activated by a tiny size dielectric nanoparticle via electrical dipole interaction. The size of the active nanoparticle stayed specified by the amount of the surface charges on the ligand adhesion binding site and the nanoparticle, and also by the separating distance between them. The polar component of the electrical dipole force remained inversely proportional to the second power of nanoparticle's size, evincing that only tiny size dielectric nanoparticles might stimulate cancer cell growth via electrical dipole interactions. The work contributes towards recognising different cytoskeletal stressing modes of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V. Semashko
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | - Maksim S. Pudovkin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | - Alkiviadis-Constantinos Cefalas
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | - Pavel V. Zelenikhin
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | - Vassilios E. Gavriil
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexei S. Nizamutdinov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | - Zoe Kollia
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Angelo Ferraro
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | - Evangelia Sarantopoulou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremljovskaja str, Kazan, 420008 Russia
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167
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Aboubakar Nana F, Lecocq M, Ladjemi MZ, Detry B, Dupasquier S, Feron O, Massion PP, Sibille Y, Pilette C, Ocak S. Therapeutic Potential of Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibition in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 18:17-27. [PMID: 30352800 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a poor prognosis. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion, which is overexpressed and/or activated in several cancers, including SCLC. We wanted to determine whether FAK contributes to SCLC aggressive behavior. We first evaluated the effect of FAK small-molecule inhibitor PF-573,228 in NCI-H82, NCI-H146, NCI-H196, and NCI-H446 SCLC cell lines. PF-573,228 (0.1-5 μmol/L) inhibited FAK activity by decreasing phospho-FAK (Tyr397), without modifying total FAK expression. PF-573,228 decreased proliferation, decreased DNA synthesis, induced cell-cycle arrest in G2-M phases, and increased apoptosis in all cell lines. PF-573,228 also decreased motility in adherent cell lines. To make sure that these effects were not off-target, we then used a genetic method to inhibit FAK in NCI-H82 and NCI-H446, namely stable transduction with FAK shRNA and/or FAK-related nonkinase (FRNK), a splice variant lacking the N-terminal and kinase domains. Although FAK shRNA transduction decreased total and phospho-FAK (Tyr397) expression, it did not affect proliferation, DNA synthesis, or progression through cell cycle. However, restoration of FAK-targeting (FAT) domain (attached to focal adhesion complex where it inhibits pro-proliferative proteins such as Rac-1) by FRNK transduction inhibited proliferation, DNA synthesis, and induced apoptosis. Moreover, although FAK shRNA transduction increased active Rac1 level, FRNK reexpression in cells previously transduced with FAK shRNA decreased it. Therefore, FAK appears important in SCLC biology and targeting its kinase domain may have a therapeutic potential, while targeting its FAT domain should be avoided to prevent Rac1-mediated protumoral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Aboubakar Nana
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marylène Lecocq
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maha Zohra Ladjemi
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Detry
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Dupasquier
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- IREC, Pôle de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique (FATH), UCL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre P Massion
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), and Tennessee Valley Health Care Systems, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Yves Sibille
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Pneumology, CHU UCL Namur (Godinne Site), UCL, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, UCL, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Sebahat Ocak
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium. .,Division of Pneumology, CHU UCL Namur (Godinne Site), UCL, Yvoir, Belgium
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168
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Yuan J, Tan L, Yin Z, Tao K, Wang G, Shi W, Gao J. GLIS2 redundancy causes chemoresistance and poor prognosis of gastric cancer based on co‑expression network analysis. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:191-201. [PMID: 30320360 PMCID: PMC6278374 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is currently the fourth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Studies have identified that certain biomarkers contribute to the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. However, the biomarkers of gastric cancer are rarely used clinically. Therefore, it is imperative to define novel molecular networks and key genes to guide the further study and clinical treatment of gastric cancer. In the present study, raw RNA sequencing data and clinicopathological information on patients with gastric cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and a weighted gene co-expression network analysis was conducted. Additionally, functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses were implemented to further examine the significant modules. As a result, 16 modules of highly correlated genes were acquired and colour coded, and the yellow module containing 174 genes associated with chemotherapy resistance and prognosis in gastric cancer was further analysed. The biological processes of the yellow module were primarily associated with cell adhesion, vasculature development and the regulation of cell proliferation. In addition, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways primarily involved the transforming growth factor-β signalling pathway, the cellular tumour antigen p53 signalling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interactions and focal adhesions. Notably, survival analysis and cell verification confirmed that high expression of GLIS family zinc finger 2 is significantly associated with chemoresistance and a worse prognosis in gastric cancer, and that this high expression is likely to be an important biomarker for the guidance of clinical treatment and prognostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Guobing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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169
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Yi Y, Liu Y, Wu W, Wu K, Zhang W. The role of miR-106p-5p in cervical cancer: from expression to molecular mechanism. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:36. [PMID: 30275981 PMCID: PMC6148547 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of miR-106b-5p in cervical cancer by performing a comprehensive analysis on its expression and identifying its putative molecular targets and pathways based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset, and literature review. Significant upregulation of miR-106b-5p in cervical cancer is confirmed by meta-analysis with the data from TCGA, GEO, and literature. Moreover, the expression of miR-106b-5p is significantly correlated with the number of metastatic lymph nodes. Our bioinformatics analyses show that miR-106b could promote cervical cancer progression by modulating the expression of GSK3B, VEGFA, and PTK2 genes. Importantly, these three genes play a crucial role in PI3K-Akt signaling, focal adhesion, and cancer. Both the expression of miR-106b-5p and key genes are upregulated in cervical cancer. Several explanations could be implemented for this upregulation. However, the specific mechanism needs to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiong Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Wanrong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Kejia Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 Hubei People's Republic of China
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170
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Yang X, Deng Y, He RQ, Li XJ, Ma J, Chen G, Hu XH. Upregulation of HOXA11 during the progression of lung adenocarcinoma detected via multiple approaches. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2650-2664. [PMID: 30106131 PMCID: PMC6192730 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The altered expression of homeobox (HOX)A11 has been observed in various malignant tumor types, but it has remained to be determined in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In the present study, the expression of HOXA11 in LUAD and the potential associated mechanisms were assessed. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Oncomine microarrays were gathered and in‑house polymerase chain reaction data were produced to investigate the altered expression of HOXA11 in LUAD and its association with various clinicopathological characteristics. Genes co‑expressed with HOXA11 were also identified by searching the cBioPortal and Multi Experiment Matrix databases, and performing a bioinformatics analysis, through which the potential molecular mechanisms of HOXA11 in LUAD were explored. The data analyses indicated that HOXA11 was overexpressed in the LUAD samples, and together with its co‑expressed genes, it was indicated to participate in various key signaling pathways, including the focal adhesion, extracellular matrix‑receptor interaction, axon guidance and small cell lung cancer signaling pathways. Furthermore, collagen type III α 1 chain (COL3A1), ephrin B2 (EFNB2), integrin subunit α 8 (ITGA8) and syndecan 2 (SDC2) were confirmed to be differentially expressed in LUAD vs. normal controls at the mRNA and protein level. Of note, LUAD patients with low expression of HOXA11 and ITGB1 had better overall survival rates. The present study indicated that HOXA11 may function as an oncogene in LUAD, and HOXA11 protein probably combines with ITGB1, COL3A1, EFNB2, ITGA8 and SDC2 to have a role in the focal adhesion pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Li
- Department of Positron Emission Tomography‑Computed Tomography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Azimian-Zavareh V, Hossein G, Ebrahimi M, Dehghani-Ghobadi Z. Wnt11 alters integrin and cadherin expression by ovarian cancer spheroids and inhibits tumorigenesis and metastasis. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:90-104. [PMID: 29753625 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of Wnt11 in multicellular tumor spheroid-like structures (MCTS) ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis and metastasis in xenograft nude mice model. Moreover, samples from human serous ovarian cancer (SOC) were used to assess the association of Wnt11 with integrins and cadherins. The data showed that Wnt11 overexpressing SKOV-3 cells became more compact accompanied by increased expression of E-and N-cadherin and lower expression of EpCAM and CD44. The α5, β2, β3 and β6 integrin subunits expression levels were significantly reduced in Wnt11 overexpressing cells accompanied with significantly reduced disaggregation of Wnt11 overexpressing SKOV-3 MCTS on ECM components. Moreover, Wnt11 overexpressing SKOV-3 MCTS showed decreased migration, invasion as well as no tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. We found that Wnt11 significantly and negatively correlated with ITGB2, ITGB6, and EpCAM and positively with CDH-1 in high-grade SOC specimens. Our results suggest that Wnt11 impedes MCTS attachment to ECM components and therefore can affect ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajihe Azimian-Zavareh
- Department of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghamartaj Hossein
- Department of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Dehghani-Ghobadi
- Department of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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172
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Gan BL, He RQ, Zhang Y, Wei DM, Hu XH, Chen G. Downregulation of HOXA3 in lung adenocarcinoma and its relevant molecular mechanism analysed by RT-qPCR, TCGA and in silico analysis. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1557-1579. [PMID: 30066858 PMCID: PMC6086630 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that homeobox A3 (HOXA3) functions as a carcinogen in colon cancer and the methylation level of HOXA3 is significantly increased in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues. However, at least to the best of our knowledge, few studies to date have been performed on HOXA3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, further studies on HOXA3 expression in NSCLC and the potential regulatory mechanisms are urgently required. In this study, HOXA3 expression in 55 tissues of cases of NSCLC and corresponding non-lung cancer tissues was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In addition, the clinical significance of HOXA3 expression in NSCLC was evaluated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Bioinformatics analysis was then performed to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of action of HOXA3. Furthermore, the potential target microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) of HOXA3 were predicted using miRWalk2.0. Based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and TGCA databases, standardized mean difference (SMD) and sROC methods were used for meta-analyses of the expression of potential target miRNAs of HOXA3 in NSCLC to evaluate their association with HOXA3. The results revealed that the HOXA3 expression levels in NSCLC, LUAD and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) were 0.1130±0.1398, 0.1295±0.16890 and 0.0906±0.0846, respectively. These values were all decreased compared with the normal tissues (0.1877±0.1975, 0.2337±0.2405 and 0.1249±0.0873, respectively, P<0.05). The TCGA database also revealed the low expression trend of HOXA3. The downregulation of HOXA3 may play an important role in the progression and the poor prognosis of LUAD. The TCGA database also suggested that HOXA3 in LUAD and LUSC tissues exhibited certain mutational levels. In addition, the methylation levels in the NSCLC, LUAD and LUSC tissues significantly increased [NSCLC: fold change (FC), 1.3226; P<0.001; LUAD: FC, 1.2712; P<0.001; and LUSC: FC, 1.3786; P<0.001]. According to the analyses using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), we found that the co-expression HOXA3 genes were mainly associated with the focal adhesion signalling pathway and the ECM-receptor interaction signalling pathway. Furthermore, the predicted miRNA, miR-372-3p, exhibited a high expression in both the NSCLC and LUAD tissues (P<0.05). On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that low HOXA3 expression may play a certain role in LUAD; however, its association with LUSC still requires further investigation. HOXA3 function may be achieved through different pathways or target miRNAs. However, the specific underlying mechanisms need to be confirmed through various functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Liang Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Ming Wei
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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173
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The Emerging Role of Gas Plasma in Oncotherapy. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:1183-1198. [PMID: 30033340 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric pressure gas plasmas are emerging as a promising treatment in cancer that can supplement the existing set of treatment modalities and, when combined with other therapies, enhance their selectivity and efficacy against resistant cancers. With further optimisation in production and administration of plasma treatment, plasma-enabled therapy has a strong potential to mature as a tool for selectively curing highly resistant solid tumours. Although intense preclinical studies have been conducted to exploit the unique traits of plasma as an oncotherapy, few clinical studies are underway. This review identifies types of cancers and patient groups that most likely benefit from plasma oncotherapy, to introduce clinical practitioners to plasma therapy and accelerate the speed of translating plasma for cancer control in clinics.
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174
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Onodera Y, Nam JM, Horikawa M, Shirato H, Sabe H. Arf6-driven cell invasion is intrinsically linked to TRAK1-mediated mitochondrial anterograde trafficking to avoid oxidative catastrophe. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2682. [PMID: 29992963 PMCID: PMC6041267 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria dynamically alter their subcellular localization during cell movement, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. The small GTPase Arf6 and its signaling pathway involving AMAP1 promote cell invasion via integrin recycling. Here we show that the Arf6–AMAP1 pathway promote the anterograde trafficking of mitochondria. Blocking the Arf6-based pathway causes mitochondrial aggregation near the microtubule-organizing center, and subsequently induces detrimental reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, likely via a mitochondrial ROS-induced ROS release-like mechanism. The Arf6-based pathway promotes the localization of ILK to focal adhesions to block RhoT1–TRAK2 association, which controls mitochondrial retrograde trafficking. Blockade of the RhoT1–TRAK1 machinery, rather than RhoT1–TRAK2, impairs cell invasion, but not two-dimensional random cell migration. Weakly or non-invasive cells do not notably express TRAK proteins, whereas they clearly express their mRNAs. Our results identified a novel association between cell movement and mitochondrial dynamics, which is specific to invasion and is necessary for avoiding detrimental ROS production. Mitochondria subcellular localization is dynamically regulated during migration. Here, the authors show that Arf6–AMAP1 dependent ILK localization at focal adhesions reduces mitochondrial retrograde trafficking in migratory cells and prevents mitochondrial aggregation and detrimental ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Onodera
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan. .,Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Jin-Min Nam
- Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mei Horikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shirato
- Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan.
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175
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Liang R, Wang M, Zheng G, Zhu H, Zhi Y, Sun Z. A comprehensive analysis of prognosis prediction models based on pathway‑level, gene‑level and clinical information for glioblastoma. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1837-1846. [PMID: 30015853 PMCID: PMC6108889 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a pathway-based prognosis prediction model for glioblastoma (GBM). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify prognosis-related genes and clinical factors using mRNA-seq data of GBM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression matrix of prognosis-related genes was transformed into pathway deregulation score (PDS) based on the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) repository using Pathifier software. With PDS scores as input, L1-penalized estimation-based Cox-proportional hazards (PH) model was used to identify prognostic pathways. Consequently, a prognosis prediction model based on these prognostic pathways was constructed for classifying patients in the TCGA set or each of the three validation sets into two risk groups. The survival difference between these risk groups was then analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test. In addition, a gene-based prognostic model was constructed using the Cox-PH model. The model of prognostic pathway combined with clinical factors was also evaluated. In total, 148 genes were discovered to be associated with prognosis. The Cox-PH model identified 13 prognostic pathways. Subsequently, a prognostic model based on the 13 pathways was constructed, and was demonstrated to successfully differentiate overall survival in the TCGA set and in three independent sets. However, the gene-based prognosis model was validated in only two of the three independent sets. Furthermore, the pathway+clinic factor-based model exhibited better predictive results compared with the pathway-based model. In conclusion, the present study suggests a promising prognosis prediction model of 13 pathways for GBM, which may be superior to the gene-level information-based prognostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqing Liang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Guizhi Zheng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Yaqin Zhi
- Department of Oncology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Zongwen Sun
- Department of Oncology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
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176
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Shiao SPK, Xiao H, Dong L, Wang X, Liu K, She J, Shi H. Genome wide DNA differential methylation regions in colorectal cancer patients in relation to blood related family members, obese and non-obese controls - a preliminary report. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25557-25571. [PMID: 29876008 PMCID: PMC5986643 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite evidences linking methylation changes in the cancer tissues, little is known about the methylation modification in the peripheral blood. With the current study, we identified differential methylation regions (DMRs) across human genome by collecting the blood samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared to that of their blood-related family who shared genetic inheritance and environmental influences, and unrelated obese and non-obese controls by accessing publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus data. We performed genome-wide analyses using the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) method covering about 25% of CpGs for whole human genome of the four groups (n = 5 each). In comparison to the non-obese controls, we observed significant DMRs in CRC for genes involved in tumorigenesis including MLH3, MSH2, MSH6, SEPT9, GNAS; and glucose transporter genes associated with obesity and diabetes including SLC2A1/GLUT1, and SLC2A3/GLUT3 that were reported on methylation being modified in cancer tissues. In addition, we observed significant DMRs in CRC for genes involved in the methylation pathways including PEMT, ALDH1L1, and DNMT3A. CRC and family members shared significant DMRs for genes of tumorigenesis including MSH2, SEPT9, GNAS, SLC2A1/GLUT1 and SLC2A3/GLUT3); and CAMK1, GLUT1/SLC2A1 and GLUT3/SLC2A3 genes involved in glucose and insulin metabolism that played vital role in development of obesity and diabetes. Our study provided evidences that these differentially methylated genes in the blood could potentially serve as candidate biomarkers for CRC diagnostic and may provide further understanding on CRC progression. Further studies are warranted to validate these methylation changes for diagnostic and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pamela K Shiao
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lixin Dong
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jinxiong She
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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177
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Gu L, Yu J, Wang Q, Xu B, Ji L, Yu L, Zhang X, Cai H. Identification of a 5‑lncRNA signature‑based risk scoring system for survival prediction in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:279-291. [PMID: 29749517 PMCID: PMC6059680 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate potential prognostic long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). An mRNA‑seq dataset obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas was employed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) between CRC patients with good and poor prognoses. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to analyze the prognosis‑associated lncRNAs among all DELs. In addition, a risk scoring system was developed according to the expression levels of the prognostic lncRNAs, which was then applied to a training set and an independent testing set. Furthermore, the co‑expressed genes of prognostic lncRNAs were screened using a Multi‑Experiment Matrix online tool for construction of lncRNA‑gene networks. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analyses were performed on genes in the lncRNA‑gene networks using KOBAS, GOATOOLS and ClusterProfiler. The present study identified 82 DELs, of which long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 2159, RP11‑452L6.6, RP11‑894P9.1 and RP11‑69M1.6, and whey acidic protein four‑disulfide core domain 21 (WFDC21P) were reported to be independently associated with the prognosis of patients with CRC. A 5‑lncRNA signature‑based risk scoring system was developed, which may be used to classify patients into low‑ and high‑risk groups with significantly different recurrence‑free survival times in the training and testing sets (P<0.05). Co‑expressed genes of WFDC21P or RP11‑69M1.6 were utilized to construct the lncRNA‑gene networks. Genes in the networks were significantly enriched in 'tight junction', 'focal adhesion' and 'regulation of actin cytoskeleton' pathways, and numerous GO terms associated with 'reactive oxygen species metabolism' and 'nitric oxide metabolism'. The present study proposed a 5‑lncRNA signature‑based risk scoring system for predicting the prognosis of patients with CRC, and revealed the associated signaling pathways and biological processes. The results of the present study may help improve prognostic evaluation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Gu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Liechen Ji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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178
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Abstract
Radiotherapy remains one of the corner stones in the treatment of various malignancies and often leads to an improvement in overall survival. Nonetheless, pre-clinical evidence indicates that radiation can entail pro-metastatic effects via multiple pathways. Via direct actions on cancer cells and indirect actions on the tumor microenvironment, radiation has the potential to enhance epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the data remains ambiguous and clinical observations that unequivocally prove these findings are lacking. In this review we discuss the pre-clinical and clinical data on the local and systemic effect of irradiation on the metastatic process with an emphasis on the molecular pathways involved.
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179
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Maziveyi M, Alahari SK. Cell matrix adhesions in cancer: The proteins that form the glue. Oncotarget 2018; 8:48471-48487. [PMID: 28476046 PMCID: PMC5564663 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purposes of Integrin-mediated cell contacts are to interpret bi-directional signals between the extracellular environment and intracellular proteins, as well as, anchor the cell to a matrix. Many cell adhesion molecules have been discovered with a wide spectrum of responsibilities, including recruiting, activating, elongating, and maintaining. This review will perlustrate some of the key incidences that precede focal adhesion formation. Tyrosine phosphorylation is a key signaling initiation event that leads to the recruitment of multiple proteins to focal adhesion sites. Recruitment and concentration of proteins such as Paxillin and Vinculin to Integrin clutches is necessary for focal adhesion development. The assembled networks are responsible for transmitting signals back and forth from the extracellular matrix (ECM) to Actin and its binding proteins. Cancer cells exhibit highly altered focal adhesion dynamics. This review will highlight some key discoveries in cancer cell adhesion, as well as, identify current gaps in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazvita Maziveyi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Suresh K Alahari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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180
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Addressing intra-tumoral heterogeneity and therapy resistance. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72322-72342. [PMID: 27608848 PMCID: PMC5342165 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last several years, our appreciation of intra-tumoral heterogeneity has greatly increased due to accumulating evidence for the co-existence of genetically and epigenetically divergent cancer cells residing in different microenvironments within a tumor. Herein, we review recent literature discussing intra-tumoral heterogeneity in the context of therapy resistance mechanisms at the genetic, epigenetic and microenvironmental levels. We illustrate the influence of tumor microenvironment on therapy resistance and epigenetic states of cancer cells by highlighting the role of cancer stem cells in therapy resistance. We also summarize different strategies that have been employed to address various resistance mechanisms at genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental levels in preclinical and clinical studies. We propose that future personalized cancer therapy design needs to incorporate dynamic and comprehensive analyses of tumor heterogeneity landscape and multi-dimensional mechanisms of therapy resistance.
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181
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Son B, Lee S, Youn H, Kim E, Kim W, Youn B. The role of tumor microenvironment in therapeutic resistance. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3933-3945. [PMID: 27965469 PMCID: PMC5354804 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo unlimited progression and survival owing to activation of oncogenes. However, support of the tumor microenvironment is essential to the formation of clinically relevant tumors. Recent evidence indicates that the tumor microenvironment is a critical regulator of immune escape, progression, and distant metastasis of cancer. Moreover, the tumor microenvironment is known to be involved in acquired resistance of tumors to various therapies. Despite significant advances in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, occurrence of therapeutic resistance leads to reduced efficacy. This review highlights myeloid cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells consisting of the tumor microenvironment, as well as the relevant signaling pathways that eventually render cancer cells to be therapeutically resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomseok Son
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - EunGi Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanyeon Kim
- Integrative Graduate Program of Ship and Offshore Plant Technology for Ocean Energy Resource, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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182
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Sayeed A, Lu H, Liu Q, Deming D, Duffy A, McCue P, Dicker AP, Davis RJ, Gabrilovich D, Rodeck U, Altieri DC, Languino LR. β1 integrin- and JNK-dependent tumor growth upon hypofractionated radiation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52618-52630. [PMID: 27438371 PMCID: PMC5288136 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment modality although tumors invariably become resistant. Using the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model system, we report that a hypofractionated radiation schedule (10 Gy/day for 5 consecutive days) effectively blocks prostate tumor growth in wild type (β1wt /TRAMP) mice as well as in mice carrying a conditional ablation of β1 integrins in the prostatic epithelium (β1pc-/- /TRAMP). Since JNK is known to be suppressed by β1 integrins and mediates radiation-induced apoptosis, we tested the effect of SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) in the TRAMP model system. Our results show that SP600125 negates the effect of radiation on tumor growth in β1pc-/- /TRAMP mice and leads to invasive adenocarcinoma. These effects are associated with increased focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and phosphorylation in prostate tumors in β1pc-/- /TRAMP mice. In marked contrast, radiation-induced tumor growth suppression, FAK expression and phosphorylation are not altered by SP600125 treatment of β1wt /TRAMP mice. Furthermore, we have reported earlier that abrogation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) in prostate cancer cells enhances the sensitivity to radiation. Here we further explore the β1/IGF-IR crosstalk and report that β1 integrins promote cell proliferation partly by enhancing the expression of IGF-IR. In conclusion, we demonstrate that β1 integrin-mediated inhibition of JNK signaling modulates tumor growth rate upon hypofractionated radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aejaz Sayeed
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huimin Lu
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Deming
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Duffy
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter McCue
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam P Dicker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dmitry Gabrilovich
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Translational Tumor Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulrich Rodeck
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dario C Altieri
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucia R Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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183
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Tian T, Li CL, Fu X, Wang SH, Lu J, Guo H, Yao Y, Nan KJ, Yang YJ. β1 integrin-mediated multicellular resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through activation of the FAK/Akt pathway. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:1311-1325. [PMID: 29332411 PMCID: PMC6091828 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517740807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the role and mechanism of β1 integrin in the regulation of multicellular drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This in vitro study used a liquid overlay technique to obtain multicellular spheroids of two human HCC cell lines, HepG2 and Bel-7402. The morphology of the spheroids was observed by optical and electron microscopy. The effects of exposure to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) on cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis were assessed in monolayer cells and multicellular spheroids. The levels of β1 integrin and the effects on the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway were evaluated using Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The role of β1 integrin was confirmed by using an inhibitory antibody. Results Cell proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis induced by 5-FUl and CDDP were abrogated in multicellular spheroids compared with monolayer cells. There were high levels of β1 integrin in multicellular spheroids. β1 integrin inhibitory antibody prevented the formation of multicellular spheroids, coupled with a significant increase in proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction. β1 integrin inhibitory antibody effectively suppressed activation of both FAK and Akt in multicellular spheroids. Conclusions β1 integrin mediated multicellular drug resistance through the FAK/Akt pathway in HCC spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tian
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chun-Li Li
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Hong Wang
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- 2 Clinical Research Centre, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Guo
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu Yao
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ke-Jun Nan
- 1 Department of Oncology, 162799 First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Juan Yang
- 3 Third Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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184
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Lovitt CJ, Shelper TB, Avery VM. Doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells is mediated by extracellular matrix proteins. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:41. [PMID: 29304770 PMCID: PMC5756400 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cell resistance to therapeutics can result from acquired or de novo-mediated factors. Here, we have utilised advanced breast cancer cell culture models to elucidate de novo doxorubicin resistance mechanisms. Methods The response of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) to doxorubicin was examined in an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model. Cells were cultured with Matrigel™ enabling cellular arrangements into a 3D architecture in conjunction with cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) contact. Results Breast cancer cells cultured in a 3D ECM-based model demonstrated altered sensitivity to doxorubicin, when compared to those grown in corresponding two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture conditions. Investigations into the factors triggering the observed doxorubicin resistance revealed that cell-to-ECM interactions played a pivotal role. This finding correlated with the up-regulation of pro-survival proteins in 3D ECM-containing cell culture conditions following exposure to doxorubicin. Inhibition of integrin signalling in combination with doxorubicin significantly reduced breast cancer cell viability. Furthermore, breast cancer cells grown in a 3D ECM-based model demonstrated a significantly reduced proliferation rate in comparison to cells cultured in 2D conditions. Conclusion Collectively, these novel findings reveal resistance mechanisms which may contribute to reduced doxorubicin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Lovitt
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Building N27, Brisbane Innovation Park, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Todd B Shelper
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Building N27, Brisbane Innovation Park, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Building N27, Brisbane Innovation Park, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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185
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Keam SP, Caramia F, Gamell C, Paul PJ, Arnau GM, Neeson PJ, Williams SG, Haupt Y. The Transcriptional Landscape of Radiation-Treated Human Prostate Cancer: Analysis of a Prospective Tissue Cohort. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 100:188-198. [PMID: 29102647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The resistance of prostate cancer to radiation therapy (RT) is a significant clinical issue and still largely unable to be guided by patient-specific molecular characteristics. The present study describes the gene expression changes induced in response to RT in human prostate tissue obtained from a prospective tissue acquisition study designed for radiobiology research. METHODS AND MATERIALS A prospective cohort of 5 men with intermediate-risk and clinically localized tumors were treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy with 2 × 10-Gy fractions. Image-guided transperineal biopsy specimens were taken immediately before and 14 days after the first high-dose-rate brachytherapy fraction. Using genome-wide 3' RNA sequencing on total RNA extracted from 10 biopsy specimens, we obtained quantitative expression data for a median of 13,244 genes. We computed the fold-change information for each gene and extracted high-confidence lists of transcripts with either increased or decreased expression (≥1.5-fold) after radiation in ≥4 of the 5 patients. Several gene ontology analyses were then used to identify functionally enriched pathways. RESULTS The predominant change in response to RT was elevation of the transcript levels, including that of DNA damage binding protein 2 and p21, and collagens, laminins, and integrins. We observed strong upregulation of the p53 pathway, without observable dysregulation of p53 itself. Interstitial remodeling, extracellular matrix proteins, and focal adhesion pathways were also strongly upregulated, as was inflammation. Functional network analysis showed clustering of the changes inherent in apoptosis and programmed cell death, extracellular matrix organization, and immune regulation. CONCLUSIONS In the present prospective study of matched clinical tissues, we successfully recognized known radiation-sensitive transcriptional pathways and identified numerous other novel and significantly altered genes with no current association with RT. These data could be informative in the development of future personalized therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Keam
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Franco Caramia
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cristina Gamell
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Piotr J Paul
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gisela Mir Arnau
- Molecular Genomics Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J Neeson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott G Williams
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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186
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Steinestel K, Grünewald TGP, Hartmann W. [The role of focal adhesions in Ewing's sarcoma]. DER PATHOLOGE 2017; 38:169-171. [PMID: 28939918 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-017-0354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Steinestel
- Institut für Pathologie und Molekularpathologie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Deutschland. .,Gerhard-Domagk-Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland.
| | - T G P Grünewald
- Max-Eder-Nachwuchsgruppe für Pädiatrische Sarkombiologie, Pathologisches Institut, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - W Hartmann
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
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187
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Emad A, Cairns J, Kalari KR, Wang L, Sinha S. Knowledge-guided gene prioritization reveals new insights into the mechanisms of chemoresistance. Genome Biol 2017; 18:153. [PMID: 28800781 PMCID: PMC5554409 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of genes whose basal mRNA expression predicts the sensitivity of tumor cells to cytotoxic treatments can play an important role in individualized cancer medicine. It enables detailed characterization of the mechanism of action of drugs. Furthermore, screening the expression of these genes in the tumor tissue may suggest the best course of chemotherapy or a combination of drugs to overcome drug resistance. RESULTS We developed a computational method called ProGENI to identify genes most associated with the variation of drug response across different individuals, based on gene expression data. In contrast to existing methods, ProGENI also utilizes prior knowledge of protein-protein and genetic interactions, using random walk techniques. Analysis of two relatively new and large datasets including gene expression data on hundreds of cell lines and their cytotoxic responses to a large compendium of drugs reveals a significant improvement in prediction of drug sensitivity using genes identified by ProGENI compared to other methods. Our siRNA knockdown experiments on ProGENI-identified genes confirmed the role of many new genes in sensitivity to three chemotherapy drugs: cisplatin, docetaxel, and doxorubicin. Based on such experiments and extensive literature survey, we demonstrate that about 73% of our top predicted genes modulate drug response in selected cancer cell lines. In addition, global analysis of genes associated with groups of drugs uncovered pathways of cytotoxic response shared by each group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that knowledge-guided prioritization of genes using ProGENI gives new insight into mechanisms of drug resistance and identifies genes that may be targeted to overcome this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Emad
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Junmei Cairns
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Gonda 19, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200, 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Krishna R. Kalari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Liewei Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Gonda 19, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200, 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Department of Computer Science and Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2122 Siebel Center, 201N. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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188
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Yoon SO, Shin S, Karreth FA, Buel GR, Jedrychowski MP, Plas DR, Dedhar S, Gygi SP, Roux PP, Dephoure N, Blenis J. Focal Adhesion- and IGF1R-Dependent Survival and Migratory Pathways Mediate Tumor Resistance to mTORC1/2 Inhibition. Mol Cell 2017; 67:512-527.e4. [PMID: 28757207 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant signaling by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) contributes to the devastating features of cancer cells. Thus, mTOR is a critical therapeutic target and catalytic inhibitors are being investigated as anti-cancer drugs. Although mTOR inhibitors initially block cell proliferation, cell viability and migration in some cancer cells are quickly restored. Despite sustained inhibition of mTORC1/2 signaling, Akt, a kinase regulating cell survival and migration, regains phosphorylation at its regulatory sites. Mechanistically, mTORC1/2 inhibition promotes reorganization of integrin/focal adhesion kinase-mediated adhesomes, induction of IGFR/IR-dependent PI3K activation, and Akt phosphorylation via an integrin/FAK/IGFR-dependent process. This resistance mechanism contributes to xenograft tumor cell growth, which is prevented with mTOR plus IGFR inhibitors, supporting this combination as a therapeutic approach for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Oh Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Sejeong Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Florian A Karreth
- Department of Medicine, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Gwen R Buel
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - David R Plas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philippe P Roux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John Blenis
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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189
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Dickreuter E, Cordes N. The cancer cell adhesion resistome: mechanisms, targeting and translational approaches. Biol Chem 2017; 398:721-735. [PMID: 28002024 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion-mediated resistance limits the success of cancer therapies and is a great obstacle to overcome in the clinic. Since the 1990s, where it became clear that adhesion of tumor cells to the extracellular matrix is an important mediator of therapy resistance, a lot of work has been conducted to understand the fundamental underlying mechanisms and two paradigms were deduced: cell adhesion-mediated radioresistance (CAM-RR) and cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). Preclinical work has evidently demonstrated that targeting of integrins, adapter proteins and associated kinases comprising the cell adhesion resistome is a promising strategy to sensitize cancer cells to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Moreover, the cell adhesion resistome fundamentally contributes to adaptation mechanisms induced by radiochemotherapy as well as molecular drugs to secure a balanced homeostasis of cancer cells for survival and growth. Intriguingly, this phenomenon provides a basis for synthetic lethal targeted therapies simultaneously administered to standard radiochemotherapy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the cell adhesion resistome and highlight targeting strategies to override CAM-RR and CAM-DR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Cordes
- , Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus
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190
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Balhouse BN, Patterson L, Schmelz EM, Slade DJ, Verbridge SS. N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone interactions in the breast tumor microenvironment: Implications for breast cancer viability and proliferation in vitro. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180372. [PMID: 28692660 PMCID: PMC5503244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that the tumor microenvironment profoundly impacts the etiology and progression of breast cancer, yet the contribution of the resident microbiome within breast tissue remains poorly understood. Tumor microenvironmental conditions, such as hypoxia and dense tumor stroma, predispose progressive phenotypes and therapy resistance, however the role of bacteria in this interplay remains uncharacterized. We hypothesized that the effect of individual bacterial secreted molecules on breast cancer viability and proliferation would be modulated by these tumor-relevant stressors differentially for cells at varying stages of progression. To test this, we incubated human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231, MCF-DCIS.com) and non-malignant breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) with N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OdDHL), a quorum-sensing molecule from Pseudomonas aeruginosa that regulates bacterial stress responses. This molecule was selected because Pseudomonas was recently characterized as a significant fraction of the breast tissue microbiome and OdDHL is documented to impact mammalian cell viability. After OdDHL treatment, we demonstrated the greatest decrease in viability with the more malignant MDA-MB-231 cells and an intermediate MCF-DCIS.com (ductal carcinoma in situ) response. The responses were also culture condition (i.e. microenvironment) dependent. These results contrast the MCF-10A response, which demonstrated no change in viability in any culture condition. We further determined that the observed trends in breast cancer viability were due to modulation of proliferation for both cell types, as well as the induction of necrosis for MDA-MB-231 cells in all conditions. Our results provide evidence that bacterial quorum-sensing molecules interact with the host tissue environment to modulate breast cancer viability and proliferation, and that the effect of OdDHL is dependent on both cell type as well as microenvironment. Understanding the interactions between bacterial signaling molecules and the host tissue environment will allow for future studies that determine the contribution of bacteria to the onset, progression, and therapy response of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N. Balhouse
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Logan Patterson
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Eva M. Schmelz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Scott S. Verbridge
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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191
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Inside the Cell: Integrins as New Governors of Nuclear Alterations? Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9070082. [PMID: 28684679 PMCID: PMC5532618 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9070082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell migration is a complex process that requires coordinated structural changes and signals in multiple cellular compartments. The nucleus is the biggest and stiffest organelle of the cell and might alter its physical properties to allow cancer cell movement. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, which regulate numerous intracellular signals and biological functions under physiological conditions. Moreover, integrins orchestrate changes in tumor cells and their microenvironment that lead to cancer growth, survival and invasiveness. Most of the research efforts have focused on targeting integrin-mediated adhesion and signaling. Recent exciting data suggest the crucial role of integrins in controlling internal cellular structures and nuclear alterations during cancer cell migration. Here we review the emerging role of integrins in nuclear biology. We highlight increasing evidence that integrins are critical for changes in multiple nuclear components, the positioning of the nucleus and its mechanical properties during cancer cell migration. Finally, we discuss how integrins are integral proteins linking the plasma membrane and the nucleus, and how they control cell migration to enable cancer invasion and infiltration. The functional connections between these cell receptors and the nucleus will serve to define new attractive therapeutic targets.
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192
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Zhan X, Dong C, Liu G, Li Y, Liu L. Panel of seven long noncoding RNA as a candidate prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2805-2813. [PMID: 28620265 PMCID: PMC5466362 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s128797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common and lethal gynecological malignancies. The diagnosis of ovarian cancer is often at an advanced stage. Accumulated evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles during ovarian tumorigenesis. In this study, using the lncRNA-mining approach, we analyzed lncRNA expression profiles of 493 ovarian cancer patients from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, and identified a signature group of seven lncRNAs (BC037530, AK021924, AK094536, AK094536, BC062365, BC004123 and BC007937) associated with patient survival in the training dataset GSE9891. We also formulated a risk score model to divide patients into low-risk and high-risk groups based on the expression of these seven lncRNAs. We further validated the predictive power of our risk score model in two other datasets, GSE26193 and GSE63885. Our analysis showed that the seven-lncRNA signature can serve as an independent predictor apart from Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and patient age. Further investigation revealed the seven-lncRNA signature correlated with few critical signaling pathways involved in cancer. Combined, all these findings strongly support that the seven-lncRNA signature can serve as a strong prognosis biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhan
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Gang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Yixue Li
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.,Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai
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193
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Kang H, Rho JG, Kim C, Tak H, Lee H, Ji E, Ahn S, Shin AR, Cho HI, Huh YH, Song WK, Kim W, Lee EK. The miR-24-3p/p130Cas: a novel axis regulating the migration and invasion of cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44847. [PMID: 28337997 PMCID: PMC5364481 DOI: 10.1038/srep44847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by suppressing translation or facilitating mRNA decay. Differential expression of miRNAs is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases including cancer. Here, we investigated the role of-miR-24-3p as a downregulated miRNA in metastatic cancer. miR-24-3p was decreased in metastatic cancer and lower expression of miR-24-3p was related to poor survival of cancer patients. Consistently, ectopic expression of miR-24-3p suppressed the cell migration, invasion, and proliferation of MCF7, Hep3B, B16F10, SK-Hep1, and PC-3 cells by directly targeting p130Cas. Stable expression of p130Cas restored miR-24-3p-mediated inhibition of cell migration and invasion. These results suggest that miR-24-3p functions as a tumor suppressor and the miR-24-3p/p130Cas axis is a novel factor of cancer progression by regulating cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoin Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Gi Rho
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Chongtae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyosun Tak
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heejin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunbyul Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojin Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Ri Shin
- Catholic Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Il Cho
- Catholic Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, South Korea
| | - Yun Hyun Huh
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Woo Keun Song
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Wook Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Evolution Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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194
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Forbes-Hernandez TY, Gasparrini M, Afrin S, Bompadre S, Mezzetti B, Quiles JL, Giampieri F, Battino M. The Healthy Effects of Strawberry Polyphenols: Which Strategy behind Antioxidant Capacity? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56 Suppl 1:S46-59. [PMID: 26357900 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1051919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence indicates that the consumption of strawberries, a natural source of a wide range of nutritive and bioactive compounds, is associated with the prevention and improvement of chronic-degenerative diseases. Studies involving cells and animals provide evidence on the anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic and antiproliferative activity of the strawberry. Epidemiological and clinical studies demonstrate that its acute consumption increases plasma antioxidant capacity, improves circulating inflammatory markers and ameliorates postprandial glycemic response. At the same time, a protracted intake reduces chronic inflammation and improves plasma lipid profile, supporting cardiovascular health, especially in individuals with increased risk for metabolic syndrome. To explain these beneficial effects, much attention has been paid in the past to the antioxidant properties of strawberry polyphenols. However, recent research has shown that their biological and functional activities are related not only to the antioxidant capacity but also to the modulation of many cellular pathways involved in metabolism, survival, proliferation, and antioxidant defenses. The aim of this review is to update and discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms proposed in recent studies to elucidate the healthy effects of strawberry polyphenols against the most common chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Y Forbes-Hernandez
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica , Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,b Area de Nutrición y Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI) , Campeche Mexico
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica , Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Sadia Afrin
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica , Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Stefano Bompadre
- c Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche e Sanità Pubblica , Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- d Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie , Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Josè L Quiles
- e Department of Physiology , Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ''José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica , Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,f Centre for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA) , Santander , Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica , Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,f Centre for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA) , Santander , Spain
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195
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Zhang J, Zhang D, Yan T, Jiang X, Zhang C, Zhao L, Li L, Tang D, Zhang Q, Jia J, Zhang J, Huang Y. BNIP3 promotes the motility and migration of keratinocyte under hypoxia. Exp Dermatol 2017; 26:416-422. [PMID: 27783443 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Dongxia Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Tiantian Yan
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Xupin Jiang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Can Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Lingfei Li
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Di Tang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Jiezhi Jia
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Yuesheng Huang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
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196
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Bupleurum chinense polysaccharide inhibit adhesion of human melanoma cells via blocking β1 integrin function. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 156:244-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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197
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Storch K, Dickreuter E, Artati A, Adamski J, Cordes N. BEMER Electromagnetic Field Therapy Reduces Cancer Cell Radioresistance by Enhanced ROS Formation and Induced DNA Damage. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167931. [PMID: 27959944 PMCID: PMC5154536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year more than 450,000 Germans are expected to be diagnosed with cancer subsequently receiving standard multimodal therapies including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. On top, molecular-targeted agents are increasingly administered. Owing to intrinsic and acquired resistance to these therapeutic approaches, both the better molecular understanding of tumor biology and the consideration of alternative and complementary therapeutic support are warranted and open up broader and novel possibilities for therapy personalization. Particularly the latter is underpinned by the increasing utilization of non-invasive complementary and alternative medicine by the population. One investigated approach is the application of low-dose electromagnetic fields (EMF) to modulate cellular processes. A particular system is the BEMER therapy as a Physical Vascular Therapy for which a normalization of the microcirculation has been demonstrated by a low-frequency, pulsed EMF pattern. Open remains whether this EMF pattern impacts on cancer cell survival upon treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and the molecular-targeted agent Cetuximab inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor. Using more physiological, three-dimensional, matrix-based cell culture models and cancer cell lines originating from lung, head and neck, colorectal and pancreas, we show significant changes in distinct intermediates of the glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways and enhanced cancer cell radiosensitization associated with increased DNA double strand break numbers and higher levels of reactive oxygen species upon BEMER treatment relative to controls. Intriguingly, exposure of cells to the BEMER EMF pattern failed to result in sensitization to chemotherapy and Cetuximab. Further studies are necessary to better understand the mechanisms underlying the cellular alterations induced by the BEMER EMF pattern and to clarify the application areas for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Storch
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ellen Dickreuter
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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198
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Faltas BM, Prandi D, Tagawa ST, Molina AM, Nanus DM, Sternberg C, Rosenberg J, Mosquera JM, Robinson B, Elemento O, Sboner A, Beltran H, Demichelis F, Rubin MA. Clonal evolution of chemotherapy-resistant urothelial carcinoma. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1490-1499. [PMID: 27749842 PMCID: PMC5549141 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-resistant urothelial carcinoma has no uniformly curative therapy. Understanding how selective pressure from chemotherapy directs the evolution of urothelial carcinoma and shapes its clonal architecture is a central biological question with clinical implications. To address this question, we performed whole-exome sequencing and clonality analysis of 72 urothelial carcinoma samples, including 16 matched sets of primary and advanced tumors prospectively collected before and after chemotherapy. Our analysis provided several insights: (i) chemotherapy-treated urothelial carcinoma is characterized by intra-patient mutational heterogeneity, and the majority of mutations are not shared; (ii) both branching evolution and metastatic spread are very early events in the natural history of urothelial carcinoma; (iii) chemotherapy-treated urothelial carcinoma is enriched with clonal mutations involving L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and integrin signaling pathways; and (iv) APOBEC-induced mutagenesis is clonally enriched in chemotherapy-treated urothelial carcinoma and continues to shape the evolution of urothelial carcinoma throughout its lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishoy M. Faltas
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Davide Prandi
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento. Trento, Italy
| | - Scott T. Tagawa
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Ana M. Molina
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - David M. Nanus
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Cora Sternberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo and Forlanini Hospitals. Rome, Italy
| | - Jonathan Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. New York, NY
| | - Juan Miguel Mosquera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Brian Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Andrea Sboner
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento. Trento, Italy
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
| | - Mark A. Rubin
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Weill Cornell Medicine. New York, NY
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199
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Azzariti A, Mancarella S, Porcelli L, Quatrale AE, Caligiuri A, Lupo L, Dituri F, Giannelli G. Hepatic stellate cells induce hepatocellular carcinoma cell resistance to sorafenib through the laminin-332/α3 integrin axis recovery of focal adhesion kinase ubiquitination. Hepatology 2016; 64:2103-2117. [PMID: 27639064 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving sorafenib, drug resistance is common. HCC develops in a microenvironment enriched with extracellular matrix proteins including laminin (Ln)-332, produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Ln-332 is the ligand of α3β1 and α6β4 integrins, differently expressed on the HCC cell surface, that deliver intracellular pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ln-332 on sorafenib's effectiveness. HCC cells were challenged with sorafenib in the presence of Ln-332 and of HSC conditioned medium (CM). Sorafenib impaired HCC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. HSC-CM or Ln-332 inhibited sorafenib's effectiveness in HCC cells expressing both α3β1 and α6β4. Inhibiting α3 but not α6 integrin subunit using blocking antibodies or small interfering RNA abrogated the protection induced by Ln-332 and HSC-CM. Hep3B cells expressing α6β4 but lacking the α3 integrin were insensitive to Ln-332 and HSC-CM protective effects. Hep3B α3-positive, but not wild-type and scramble transfected, cells acquired protection by sorafenib when plated on Ln-332-CM or HSCs. Sorafenib dephosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, whereas Ln-332 and HSC-CM partially restored the pathways. Silencing FAK, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, abrogated the protection induced by Ln-332 and HSC-CM, suggesting a specific role for FAK. Sorafenib down-regulated total FAK, inducing its proteasomal degradation, while Ln-332 and HSC-CM promoted the escape of FAK from ubiquitination, probably inducing a preferential membrane localization. CONCLUSION This study unveils a novel mechanism of sorafenib resistance depending on the α3β1/Ln-332 axis and requiring FAK ubiquitination, providing new insights into personalizing therapy for patients with HCC. (Hepatology 2016;64:2103-2117).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Azzariti
- National Cancer Institute, Istituto Tumori G. Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Mancarella
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "S. De Bellis", Castellana Grotte Bari, Italy
| | - Letizia Porcelli
- National Cancer Institute, Istituto Tumori G. Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Luigi Lupo
- University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Dituri
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "S. De Bellis", Castellana Grotte Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "S. De Bellis", Castellana Grotte Bari, Italy
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200
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Toutounchian JJ, Pagadala J, Miller DD, Baudry J, Park F, Chaum E, Morales-Tirado V, Yates CR. Novel Small Molecule JP-153 Targets the Src-FAK-Paxillin Signaling Complex to Inhibit VEGF-Induced Retinal Angiogenesis. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 91:1-13. [PMID: 27913654 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a common treatment strategy for neovascular eye disease, a major cause of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. However, the decline in clinical efficacy over time in many patients suggests that monotherapy of anti-VEGF protein therapeutics may benefit from adjunctive treatments. Our previous work has shown that through decreased activation of the cytoskeletal protein paxillin, growth factor-induced ischemic retinopathy in the murine oxygen-induced retinopathy model could be inhibited. In this study, we demonstrated that VEGF-dependent activation of the Src/FAK/paxillin signalsome is required for human retinal endothelial cell migration and proliferation. Specifically, the disruption of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin interactions using the small molecule JP-153 inhibited Src-dependent phosphorylation of paxillin (Y118) and downstream activation of Akt (S473), resulting in reduced migration and proliferation of retinal endothelial cells stimulated with VEGF. However, this effect did not prevent the initial activation of either Src or FAK. Furthermore, topical application of a JP-153-loaded microemulsion affected the hallmark features of pathologic retinal angiogenesis, reducing neovascular tuft formation and increased avascular area, in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, our results suggest that using small molecules to modulate the focal adhesion protein paxillin is an effective strategy for treating pathologic retinal neovascularization. To our knowledge, this is the first paradigm validating modulation of paxillin to inhibit angiogenesis. As such, we have identified and developed a novel class of small molecules aimed at targeting focal adhesion protein interactions that are essential for pathologic neovascularization in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan J Toutounchian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
| | - Jayaprakash Pagadala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
| | - Jerome Baudry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
| | - Frank Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
| | - Edward Chaum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
| | | | - Charles R Yates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.J.T., J.P., D.D.M., F.P., C.R.Y.) and Department of Ophthalmology (E.C., C.R.Y.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; and UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (J.B.)
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