151
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Application of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide to the extraction and analysis of lipids. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:2413-22. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) is an ecofriendly supercritical fluid that is chemically inert, nontoxic, noninflammable and nonpolluting. As a green material, SCCO2 has desirable properties such as high density, low viscosity and high diffusivity that make it suitable for use as a solvent in supercritical fluid extraction, an effective and environment-friendly analytical method, and as a mobile phase for supercritical fluid chromatography, which facilitates high-throughput, high-resolution analysis. Furthermore, the low polarity of SCCO2 is suitable for the extraction and analysis of hydrophobic compounds. The growing concern surrounding environmental pollution has triggered the development of green analysis methods based on the use of SCCO2 in various laboratories and industries. SCCO2 is becoming an effective alternative to conventional organic solvents. In this review, the usefulness of SCCO2 in supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography for the extraction and analysis of lipids is described.
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152
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High-accuracy analysis system for the redox status of coenzyme Q10 by online supercritical fluid extraction–supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:76-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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153
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Poole CF. Stationary phases for packed-column supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:157-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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154
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Design of preparative-supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:227-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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155
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Determination of diffusion coefficients for supercritical fluids. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:124-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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156
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Applications of the chromatographic impulse response method in supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:141-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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157
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Ren-Qi W, Teng-Teng O, Siu-Choon N, Weihua T. Recent advances in pharmaceutical separations with supercritical fluid chromatography using chiral stationary phases. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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158
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Pell R, Lindner W. Potential of chiral anion-exchangers operated in various subcritical fluid chromatography modes for resolution of chiral acids. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1245:175-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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159
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Martínez Cristancho CA, Peper S, Johannsen M. Supercritical fluid simulated moving bed chromatography for the separation of ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate. J Supercrit Fluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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160
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Highly sensitive and rapid profiling method for carotenoids and their epoxidized products using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:782-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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161
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Green bioanalysis: some innovative ideas towards green analytical techniques. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:1377-91. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The key target of green chemistry is to make compounds and materials available to mankind, while causing no harm to the environment. In the 21st century analytical scientists are more concerned about green analytical method development. The number of literatures on green chemistry has undergone a dramatic increase in the new millennium. Green bioanalytical techniques aim to minimize or eliminate the hazardous waste associated with bioanalytical methods. An efficient and sincere approach towards bioanalytical method development has an enormous contribution towards green analysis. The selection of organic constituents of the mobile phase, choice of sample extraction process, adoption of an appropriate separation procedure and a few others, control the green chemistry approach of the bioanalytical method. In routine practice, UHPLC–MS can be the most suitable approach, while supercritical fluid chromatography is one of the best available techniques for green bioanalytical methods. Nevertheless, there always remains great scope of further research on green bioanalytical methods.
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162
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Bamba T, Lee JW, Matsubara A, Fukusaki E. Metabolic profiling of lipids by supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:212-9. [PMID: 22709604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the usefulness of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) for the metabolic profiling of lipids. First, non-targeted lipid profiling by SFC/MS is described. The use of SFC/MS allows for high-throughput, exhaustive analysis of diverse lipids, and hence, this technique finds potential applications in lipidomics. Development of a polar lipid profiling method with trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization widens the scope of applicability of SFC/MS. SFC is a high-resolution technique that is suitable for non-targeted profiling aimed at the simultaneous analysis of many components. Next, targeted lipid profiling by SFC/MS is described. SFC is useful for the separation of lipids, such as carotenoids and triacylglycerols, which have numerous analogs with similar structures. In addition, SFC/MS shows the maximum efficiency for the target analysis of lipids in a biological sample that includes many matrices. Finally, a high-resolution, high-throughput analytical system based on SFC/MS is stated to be suitable for lipidomics because it is useful not only for the screening of lipid mixtures (as a fingerprint method) but also for the detailed profiling of individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Bamba
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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163
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Screening strategies for achiral supercritical fluid chromatography employing hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-like parameters. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1229:237-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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164
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Environmental Fate of Chiral Pharmaceuticals: Determination, Degradation and Toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2439-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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165
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Wadsworth H, Jones PA, Chau WF, Durrant C, Fouladi N, Passmore J, O'Shea D, Wynn D, Morisson-Iveson V, Ewan A, Thaning M, Mantzilas D, Gausemel I, Khan I, Black A, Avory M, Trigg W. [¹⁸F]GE-180: a novel fluorine-18 labelled PET tracer for imaging Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:1308-13. [PMID: 22244939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A series of tricyclic compounds have been synthesised and evaluated in vitro for affinity against Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) and for preferred imaging properties. The most promising of the compounds were radiolabelled and evaluated in vivo to determine biodistribution and specificity for high expressing TSPO regions. Metabolite profiling in brain and plasma was also investigated. Evaluation in an autoradiography model of neuroinflammation was also carried out for the best compound, 12a ([(18)F]GE-180).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Wadsworth
- GE Healthcare, The Grove Centre, White Lion Road, Amersham, Bucks HP9 7LL, UK
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166
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Lee JW, Yamamoto T, Uchikata T, Matsubara A, Fukusaki E, Bamba T. Development of a polar lipid profiling method by supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:3553-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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167
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Hintermair U, Roosen C, Kaever M, Kronenberg H, Thelen R, Aey S, Leitner W, Greiner L. A Versatile Lab to Pilot Scale Continuous Reaction System for Supercritical Fluid Processing. Org Process Res Dev 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/op200053w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Hintermair
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Roosen
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- University of Applied Science Aachen, Institut für Angewandte Polymerchemie, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Kaever
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Kronenberg
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Thelen
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Aey
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lasse Greiner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DECHEMA Institut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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168
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Smuts J, Wanigasekara E, Armstrong DW. Comparison of stationary phases for packed column supercritical fluid chromatography based upon ionic liquid motifs: a study of cation and anion effects. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:435-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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169
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Optimization of isocratic supercritical fluid chromatography for enantiomer separation. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:162-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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170
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Bao Z, Su B, Xing H, Yang Y, Ren Q. Enantioseparation of racemic paroxol on an amylose-based chiral stationary phase by supercritical fluid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3256-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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171
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Brunner
- Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany;
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172
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Ward
- Millsaps College, 1701 N. State Street, Box 150306, Jackson, Mississippi 39210
| | - Karen D. Ward
- Millsaps College, 1701 N. State Street, Box 150306, Jackson, Mississippi 39210
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173
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry T. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212
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174
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Abstract
Owing to its favorable properties, such as low viscosity and high diffusivity, a supercritical fluid can be used as the mobile phase in chromatography. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) can provide high-speed and high-resolution separation. Since supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2), which is generally used as the mobile phase in SFC, is automatically emitted at room temperature, SFC is most commonly used as a preparative method. However, SFC can also be used to perform high-precision biomolecular analysis, especially for hydrophobic metabolites, because of the low polarity of SCCO2. The use of a mass spectrometer with SFC can widen the scope of application of SFC to bioanalysis. In this review, we summarize practical application of SFC as a tool for the analysis of metabolites in real biological samples.
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175
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Miyazawa K. . J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2010; 68:661-664. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.68.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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176
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Abstract
The bioanalytical applications of supercritical fluid techniques, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), are of increasing interest. The main role of these techniques is in the sample preparation and separation of biologically active compounds, particularly drugs and their metabolites, as well as endogenous compounds. An insight is given into the different types of extracting fluids and modifiers, detectors, stationary phases, mobile phases and collection strategies. A critical discussion is presented on the existing state of the art concerning the applications of SFC and SFE with a specific focus on its advantages and limitations in the bioanalytical field. New developments and the possibilities for routine work in the near future are also covered.
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177
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Herrero M, Mendiola JA, Cifuentes A, Ibáñez E. Supercritical fluid extraction: Recent advances and applications. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1217:2495-511. [PMID: 20022016 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Among the different extraction techniques used at analytical and preparative scale, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is one of the most used. This review covers the most recent developments of SFE in different fields, such as food science, natural products, by-product recovery, pharmaceutical and environmental sciences, during the period 2007-2009. The revision is focused on the most recent advances and applications in the different areas; among them, it is remarkable the strong impact of SFE to extract high value compounds from food and natural products but also its increasing importance in areas such as heavy metals recovery, enantiomeric resolution or drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Herrero
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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178
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Enantioseparation of flurbiprofen on amylose-derived chiral stationary phase by supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:8750-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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179
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Farrell WP, Aurigemma CM, Masters-Moore DF. Advances in High Throughput Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070902956394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William P. Farrell
- a Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories , San Diego, California, USA
| | - Christine M. Aurigemma
- a Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories , San Diego, California, USA
| | - David F. Masters-Moore
- a Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories , San Diego, California, USA
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