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Controlled release of monoclonal antibodies from poly-l-lysine-coated alginate spheres within a scaffolded implant mitigates autoimmune responses to transplanted islets and limits systemic antibody toxicity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:390-398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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152
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Wang P, Zou M, Tian M, Gu Z, Yang R. The impact of heating on the unfolding and polymerization process of frozen-stored gluten. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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153
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Sviben D, Bertoša B, Hloušek-Kasun A, Forcic D, Halassy B, Brgles M. Investigation of the thermal shift assay and its power to predict protein and virus stabilizing conditions. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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154
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Effect of Peroxide- Versus Alkoxyl-Induced Chemical Oxidation on the Structure, Stability, Aggregation, and Function of a Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:2789-2803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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155
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Abstract
Radiometals possess an exceptional breadth of decay properties and have been applied to medicine with great success for several decades. The majority of current clinical use involves diagnostic procedures, which use either positron-emission tomography (PET) or single-photon imaging to detect anatomic abnormalities that are difficult to visualize using conventional imaging techniques (e.g., MRI and X-ray). The potential of therapeutic radiometals has more recently been realized and relies on ionizing radiation to induce irreversible DNA damage, resulting in cell death. In both cases, radiopharmaceutical development has been largely geared toward the field of oncology; thus, selective tumor targeting is often essential for efficacious drug use. To this end, the rational design of four-component radiopharmaceuticals has become popularized. This Review introduces fundamental concepts of drug design and applications, with particular emphasis on bifunctional chelators (BFCs), which ensure secure consolidation of the radiometal and targeting vector and are integral for optimal drug performance. Also presented are detailed accounts of production, chelation chemistry, and biological use of selected main group and rare earth radiometals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas I Kostelnik
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia V6T 1Z1 , Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia V6T 1Z1 , Canada
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156
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Bayat P, Taghdisi SM, Rafatpanah H, Abnous K, Ramezani M. In vitro selection of CD70 binding aptamer and its application in a biosensor design for sensitive detection of SKOV-3 ovarian cells. Talanta 2018; 194:399-405. [PMID: 30609550 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA aptamers recognizing CD70 molecule overexpressed in some tumor cell lines was isolated by means of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Both purified CD70 protein and CD70-expressing cells were used to isolate target-specific aptamer. After certain rounds of protein-based SELEX and cell-SELEX (ten and seven rounds, respectively), Aptamer 928 (hereafter Apt928) with high affinity and specificity for CD70 was obtained. The specific binding of the aptamer to its target could block interaction of CD70 with CD27 (known as CD70 receptor). Dissociation constant of Apt928 was calculated to be 66 nmol L-1. Moreover, ATTO 674N-labeled Apt928 was applied as a fluorescent aptasensor for rapid and sensitive detection of SKOV-3 cells as CD70-positive cells. The detection limit of this aptasensor was 14 cells mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Bayat
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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157
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Stock LG, Wildner S, Regl C, Gadermaier G, Huber CG, Stutz H. Monitoring of Deamidation and Lanthionine Formation in Recombinant Mugwort Allergen by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE)-UV and Transient Capillary Isotachophoresis-CZE-Electrospray Ionization-TOF-MS. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11933-11940. [PMID: 30179456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The response to thermal stress is an important parameter relevant for characterizing the biological activity and long-term stability of recombinant proteins, which may show irreversible, pH dependent structural changes under these conditions. We selected the recombinant pollen allergen of mugwort ( Artemisia vulgaris) rArt v 3.0201 as a relevant model to study structural changes due to thermal and pH stress by means of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-UV and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-TOF-MS. Therefore, this recombinant protein was exposed to 95 °C under acidic (pH 3.4) and slightly alkaline (pH 7.3) conditions for up to 120 min. CZE-UV data showed a continuous degradation of the allergen accompanied by the gradual formation of several reaction products. Characterization of novel allergen variants occurring at longer migration times was done via CZE-ESI-TOF-MS using in-capillary transient capillary isotachophoresis (tCITP) preconcentration to facilitate the identification of minor variants. MS data revealed various modifications of rArt v 3.0201 in response to heating. Variants with deamidations and sulfur-related modifications including both yield and loss of sulfur were identified at increased migration times. Desulfurization produced allergen variants with up to four lanthionines that replaced initial disulfide bonds. In addition, mass spectra revealed shifts in the charge state distribution which indicate concomitant conformational alterations. Moreover, several low-abundant oxidized variants were identified. With extended thermal stress, the portfolio of variants increased and progressively shifted toward rArt v 3.0201 with high lanthionine content. The kinetics of conversion and the complexity of variant composition were pH dependent and increased under alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz G Stock
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Sabrina Wildner
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Christof Regl
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Christian G Huber
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Hanno Stutz
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
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158
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Sourial MW, Ebel J, Francois N, Box GN, Knudsen BE. Holmium-YAG laser: impact of pulse energy and frequency on local fluid temperature in an in-vitro obstructed kidney calyx model. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-4. [PMID: 30302968 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.10.105002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
During laser lithotripsy, energy is transmitted to both the stone and the surrounding fluid. As the energy is delivered, the temperature will rise. Temperatures ≥60 ° C can cause protein denaturation. The objective of this study is to determine the time it takes from body temperature (37°C) to 60°C at various laser power settings. A Flexiva TracTip 200 optical fiber was submerged alongside a negative temperature coefficient-type thermistor in 4 mL of saline in a glass test tube. A Lumenis VersaPulse Powersuite 100-W holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser was activated at 0.2- to 1.5-J pulse energies, 6- to 50-Hz frequencies, and 2- to 22.5-W average power. Temperature readings were recorded every second from 37°C until 60°C. Time and heating rate were measured. The procedure was repeated three times for each setting. Average time from 37°C to 60°C for settings (1) 0.2 J/50 Hz, (2) 0.6 J/6 Hz, (3) 1 J/10 Hz, and (4) 1.5 J/10 Hz was 60.3, 172.7, 58, and 43.3 s, respectively. Time from 37°C to 60°C decreased as frequency increased for every given pulse energy. Average heating rate increased proportionally to power from 0.06°C/s at 2 W to 0.74°C/s at 22.5 W. During laser lithotripsy, there is a rapid increase in the temperature of its surrounding fluid and temperatures ≥60 ° C may be reached. This could have local tissue effects and some caution with higher power settings should be employed especially where irrigation is limited. Further studies incorporating irrigation and live tissue models may aid to further define the risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Sourial
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Urology, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Joshua Ebel
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Urology, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Nathaly Francois
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Urology, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Geoffrey N Box
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Urology, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Bodo E Knudsen
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Urology, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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159
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Probing Conformational Diversity of Fc Domains in Aggregation-Prone Monoclonal Antibodies. Pharm Res 2018; 35:220. [PMID: 30255351 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fc domains are an integral component of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and Fc-based fusion proteins. Engineering mutations in the Fc domain is a common approach to achieve desired effector function and clinical efficacy of therapeutic mAbs. It remains debatable, however, whether molecular engineering either by changing glycosylation patterns or by amino acid mutation in Fc domain could impact the higher order structure of Fc domain potentially leading to increased aggregation propensities in mAbs. METHODS Here, we use NMR fingerprinting analysis of Fc domains, generated from selected Pfizer mAbs with similar glycosylation patterns, to address this question. Specifically, we use high resolution 2D [13C-1H] NMR spectra of Fc fragments, which fingerprints methyl sidechain bearing residues, to probe the correlation of higher order structure with the storage stability of mAbs. Thermal calorimetric studies were also performed to assess the stability of mAb fragments. RESULTS Unlike NMR fingerprinting, thermal melting temperature as obtained from calorimetric studies for the intact mAbs and fragments (Fc and Fab), did not reveal any correlation with the aggregation propensities of mAbs. Despite >97% sequence homology, NMR data suggests that higher order structure of Fc domains could be dynamic and may result in unique conformation(s) in solution. CONCLUSION The overall glycosylation pattern of these mAbs being similar, these conformation(s) could be linked to the inherent plasticity of the Fc domain, and may act as early transients to the overall aggregation of mAbs.
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160
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Zhou L, Zhang J, DiGiammarino E, Kavishwar A, Yan B, Chumsae C, Ihnat PM, Powers D, Harlan J, Stine WB. PULSE SPR: A High Throughput Method to Evaluate the Domain Stability of Antibodies. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12221-12229. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Jun Zhang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Enrico DiGiammarino
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Amol Kavishwar
- AbbVie Biotherapeutics, 1500 Seaport Blvd, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Bo Yan
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Chris Chumsae
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Peter M. Ihnat
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - David Powers
- AbbVie Biotherapeutics, 1500 Seaport Blvd, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - John Harlan
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - William Blaine Stine
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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161
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Mohamad A, Teo H, Keasberry NA, Ahmed MU. Recent developments in colorimetric immunoassays using nanozymes and plasmonic nanoparticles. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 39:50-66. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1496063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azureen Mohamad
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Huisian Teo
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Natasha Ann Keasberry
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei
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162
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Rowe JB, Flynn RP, Wooten HR, Noufer HA, Cancel RA, Zhang J, Subramony JA, Pechenov S, Wang Y. Submicron Aggregation of Chemically Denatured Monoclonal Antibody. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4710-4721. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B. Rowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Rhiannon P. Flynn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Harrison R. Wooten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Hailey A. Noufer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Rachel A. Cancel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - J. Anand Subramony
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Sergei Pechenov
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
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163
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Adachi M, Noji M, So M, Sasahara K, Kardos J, Naiki H, Goto Y. Aggregation-phase diagrams of β 2-microglobulin reveal temperature and salt effects on competitive formation of amyloids versus amorphous aggregates. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14775-14785. [PMID: 30077972 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several serious diseases are associated with crystal-like amyloid fibrils or glass-like amorphous aggregates of denatured proteins. However, protein aggregation involving both types of aggregates has not yet been elucidated in much detail. Using a protein associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis, β2-microglobulin (β2m), we previously demonstrated that amyloid fibrils and amorphous aggregates form competitively depending on salt (NaCl) concentration. To examine the generality of the underlying competitive mechanisms, we herein investigated the effects of heat on acid-denatured β2m at pH 2. Using thioflavin fluorescence, CD, and light scattering analysis along with atomic force microscopy imaging, we found that the temperature-dependent aggregation of β2m markedly depends on NaCl concentration. Stepwise transitions from monomers to amyloids and then back to monomers were observed at low NaCl concentrations. Amorphous aggregates formed rapidly at ambient temperatures at high NaCl concentrations, but the transition from amorphous aggregates to amyloids occurred only as the temperature increased. Combining the data from the temperature- and NaCl-dependent transitions, we constructed a unified phase diagram of conformational states, indicating a parabolic solubility curve with a minimum NaCl concentration at ambient temperatures. Although amyloid fibrils formed above this solubility boundary, amorphous aggregates dominated in regions distant from this boundary. Kinetic competition between supersaturation-limited slow amyloid fibrillation and supersaturation-unlimited fast amorphous aggregation deformed the phase diagram, with amyloid regions disappearing with fast titration rates. We conclude that phase diagrams combining thermodynamics and kinetics data provide a comprehensive view of β2m aggregation exhibiting severe hysteresis depending on the heat- or salt-titration rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Adachi
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Noji
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masatomo So
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Sasahara
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - József Kardos
- the ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1117, Hungary, and
| | - Hironobu Naiki
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan,
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164
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Camilles M, Link S, Balbach J, Saalwächter K, Krushelnitsky A. Quantitative NMR study of heat-induced aggregation of eye-lens crystallin proteins under crowding conditions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:S1570-9639(18)30119-5. [PMID: 30071343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The eye lens contains a highly concentrated, polydisperse mixture of crystallins, and a loss in transparency during cataract formation is attributed to the aggregation of these proteins. Most biochemical and biophysical studies of crystallins have been performed in diluted samples because of various physical limitations of the respective method at physiological concentrations of up to 200-400 mg/mL. We introduce a straightforward proton NMR transverse relaxometry method to quantify simultaneously proteins in the dissolved and aggregated states at these elevated concentrations, because these states significantly differ in their transverse relaxation properties. The key feature of this method is a direct observation of the protein signal in a wide range of relaxation delays, from few microseconds up to few hundred milliseconds. We applied this method to follow heat-induced aggregation of bovine α- and γB-crystallin between 60 and 200 mg/mL. We find that at 60 °C, a temperature where both crystallins still comprise a native tertiary structure, γB-crystallin aggregated at these high protein concentrations with a time constant of about 30-40 h. α-crystallin remained soluble at 60 mg/mL but formed a transparent gel at 200 mg/mL. This quantitative NMR method can be applied to investigations of other proteins and their mixtures under various aggregation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camilles
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susanne Link
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jochen Balbach
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kay Saalwächter
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Alexey Krushelnitsky
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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165
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Courtenay AJ, McCrudden MTC, McAvoy KJ, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Microneedle-Mediated Transdermal Delivery of Bevacizumab. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3545-3556. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Courtenay
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Maelíosa T. C. McCrudden
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Kathryn J. McAvoy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
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166
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Markwalter CF, Mudenda L, Leelawong M, Kimmel DW, Nourani A, Mbambara S, Thuma PE, Wright DW. Evidence for histidine-rich protein 2 immune complex formation in symptomatic patients in Southern Zambia. Malar J 2018; 17:256. [PMID: 29986725 PMCID: PMC6038308 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid diagnostic tests based on histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) detection are the primary tools used to detect Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections. Recent conflicting reports call into question whether α-HRP2 antibodies are present in human host circulation and if resulting immune complexes could interfere with HRP2 detection on malaria RDTs. This study sought to determine the prevalence of immune-complexed HRP2 in a low-transmission region of Southern Zambia. Methods An ELISA was used to quantify HRP2 in patient sample DBS extracts before and after heat-based immune complex dissociation. A pull-down assay reliant on proteins A, G, and L was developed and applied for IgG and IgM capture and subsequent immunoprecipitation of any HRP2 present in immune complexed form. A total of 104 patient samples were evaluated using both methods. Results Immune-complexed HRP2 was detectable in 17% (18/104) of all samples evaluated and 70% (16/23) of HRP2-positive samples. A majority of the patients with samples containing immune-complexed HRP2 had P. falciparum infections (11/18) and were also positive for free HRP2 (16/18). For 72% (13/18) of patients with immune-complexed HRP2, less than 10% of the total HRP2 present was in immune-complexed form. For the remaining samples, a large proportion (≥ 20%) of total HRP2 was complexed with α-HRP2 antibodies. Conclusions Endogenous α-HRP2 antibodies form immune complexes with HRP2 in the symptomatic patient population of a low-transmission area in rural Southern Zambia. For the majority of patients, the percentage of HRP2 in immune complexes is low and does not affect HRP2-based malaria diagnosis. However, for some patients, a significant portion of the total HRP2 was in immune-complexed form. Future studies investigating the prevalence and proportion of immune-complexed HRP2 in asymptomatic individuals with low HRP2 levels will be required to assess whether α-HRP2 antibodies affect HRP2 detection for this portion of the transmission reservoir. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2400-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lwiindi Mudenda
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.,Rusangu University, Monze, Zambia
| | - Mindy Leelawong
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Danielle W Kimmel
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Armin Nourani
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | | | | | - David W Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
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167
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Chandra S, Dhawangale A, Mukherji S. Hand-held optical sensor using denatured antibody coated electro-active polymer for ultra-trace detection of copper in blood serum and environmental samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 110:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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168
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Wang P, Zou M, Gu Z, Yang R. Heat-induced polymerization behavior variation of frozen-stored gluten. Food Chem 2018; 255:242-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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169
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Immunoglobulin G particles manufacturing by spray drying process for pressurised metered dose inhaler formulations. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2018; 76:291-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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170
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Binding of methimazole and NADP(H) to human FMO3: In vitro and in silico studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:460-468. [PMID: 29959003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 3 (hFMO3) is an important hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme, catalyzing the monooxygenation of nucleophilic heteroatom-containing xenobiotics. Based on the structure of bacterial FMO, it is proposed that a conserved asparagine is involved in both NADP(H) and substrate binding. In order to explore the role of this amino acid in hFMO3, two mutants were constructed. In the case of N61Q, increasing the steric hindrance above the flavin N5-C4a causes poor NADP(H) binding, destabilizing the catalytic FAD intermediate, whereas the introduction of a negatively charged residue, N61D, interferes mainly with catalytic intermediate formation and its stability. To better understand the substrate-enzyme interaction, in vitro as well as in silico experiments were carried out with methimazole as substrate. Methimazole is a high-affinity substrate of hFMO3 and can competitively suppress the metabolism of other compounds. Our results demonstrate that methimazole Pi-stacks above the isoalloxazine ring of FAD in hFMO3, in a similar way to indole binding to the bacterial FMO. However, for hFMO3 indole is found to act as a non-substrate competitive inhibitor. Finally, understanding the binding mode of methimazole and indole could be advantageous for development of hFMO3 inhibitors, currently investigated as a possible treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.
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171
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Ferreira LM, Alonso JD, Kiill CP, Ferreira NN, Buzzá HH, Martins de Godoi DR, de Britto D, Assis OBG, Seraphim TV, Borges JC, Gremião MPD. Exploiting supramolecular interactions to produce bevacizumab-loaded nanoparticles for potential mucosal delivery. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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172
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Adsorption characteristics of various proteins on a metal surface in the presence of an external electric potential. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 166:262-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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173
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Kawade R, Akiba H, Entzminger K, Maruyama T, Okumura CJ, Tsumoto K. Roles of the disulfide bond between the variable and the constant domains of rabbit immunoglobulin kappa chains in thermal stability and affinity. Protein Eng Des Sel 2018; 31:243-247. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raiji Kawade
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Akiba
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic Optimization, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kevin Entzminger
- Abwiz Bio Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd Suite J, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Toshiaki Maruyama
- Abwiz Bio Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd Suite J, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - C J Okumura
- Abwiz Bio Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights Blvd Suite J, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic Optimization, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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174
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The structural basis of nanobody unfolding reversibility and thermoresistance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7934. [PMID: 29784954 PMCID: PMC5962586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies represent the variable binding domain of camelid heavy-chain antibodies and are employed in a rapidly growing range of applications in biotechnology and biomedicine. Their success is based on unique properties including their reported ability to reversibly refold after heat-induced denaturation. This view, however, is contrasted by studies which involve irreversibly aggregating nanobodies, asking for a quantitative analysis that clearly defines nanobody thermoresistance and reveals the determinants of unfolding reversibility and aggregation propensity. By characterizing nearly 70 nanobodies, we show that irreversible aggregation does occur upon heat denaturation for the large majority of binders, potentially affecting application-relevant parameters like stability and immunogenicity. However, by deriving aggregation propensities from apparent melting temperatures, we show that an optional disulfide bond suppresses nanobody aggregation. This effect is further enhanced by increasing the length of a complementarity determining loop which, although expected to destabilize, contributes to nanobody stability. The effect of such variations depends on environmental conditions, however. Nanobodies with two disulfide bonds, for example, are prone to lose their functionality in the cytosol. Our study suggests strategies to engineer nanobodies that exhibit optimal performance parameters and gives insights into general mechanisms which evolved to prevent protein aggregation.
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175
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Huang Z, Gengenbach T, Tian J, Shen W, Garnier G. Effect of Bovine Serum Albumin Treatment on the Aging and Activity of Antibodies in Paper Diagnostics. Front Chem 2018; 6:161. [PMID: 29868563 PMCID: PMC5951933 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper and cellulosic films are used in many designs of low-cost diagnostics such as paper-based blood grouping devices. A major issue limiting their commercialization is the short stability of the functional biomolecules. To address this problem, the effect of relative humidity (RH) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the antibody bioactivity and the surface chemical composition of a paper blood typing biodiagnostic were studied. An IgM blood typing antibody was physisorbed from solution onto paper - with or without BSA pretreatment, and aged for periods up to 9 weeks under various conditions with a series of RH. The blood typing efficiency of the antibodies and the substrate surface chemical composition were analyzed by image analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. This study tests two hypotheses. The first is that the hydroxyl groups in paper promote antibody denaturation on paper; the second hypothesis is that proteins such as BSA can partially block the hydroxyl groups within paper, thus preserving antibody bioactivity. Results show that high RH is detrimental to antibody longevity on paper, while BSA can block hydroxyl groups and prolong antibody longevity by almost an order of magnitude—regardless of humidity. This study opens up new engineering concepts to develop robust and marketable paper diagnostics. The simplest is to store paper and antibody based diagnostics in moisture proof packages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Huang
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, MO, Australia
| | | | - Junfei Tian
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, MO, Australia
| | - Wei Shen
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, MO, Australia
| | - Gil Garnier
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, MO, Australia
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176
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Krepper W, Satzer P, Beyer BM, Jungbauer A. Temperature dependence of antibody adsorption in protein A affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1551:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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177
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Wozniak-Knopp G, Stadlmayr G, Perthold JW, Stadlbauer K, Gotsmy M, Becker S, Rüker F. An antibody with Fab-constant domains exchanged for a pair of CH3 domains. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195442. [PMID: 29630643 PMCID: PMC5891013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed a complete antibody-like construct where the CH1 and Cκ domains are exchanged for a pair of the CH3 domains and efficient pairing of the heavy and light variable domain is achieved using “Knobs-into-Holes” strategy. This construct, composed of only naturally occurring immunoglobulin sequences without artificial linkers, expressed at a high level in mammalian cells, however exhibited low solubility. Rational mutagenesis aimed at the amino acid residues located at the interface of the variable domains and the exchanged CH3 domains was applied to improve the biophysical properties of the molecule. The domain-exchanged construct, including variable domains of the HER2/neu specific antibody trastuzumab, was able to bind to the surface of the strongly HER2/neu positive cell line SK-BR3 4-fold weaker than trastuzumab, but could nevertheless incite a more potent response in an antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) reporter assay with FcγRIIIa-overexpressing T-cells. This could be explained with a stronger binding to the FcγRIIIa. Importantly, the novel construct could mediate a specific ADCC effect with natural killer cells similar to the parental antibody.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
- Cell Line
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/immunology
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/immunology
- Immunoglobulin G/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin G/genetics
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Models, Molecular
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Protein Domains
- Protein Engineering
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/chemistry
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Trastuzumab/chemistry
- Trastuzumab/genetics
- Trastuzumab/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Immunotherapeutics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Gerhard Stadlmayr
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Immunotherapeutics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Walther Perthold
- Institute of Molecular Modeling and Simulation, Department of Material Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Stadlbauer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Immunotherapeutics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Gotsmy
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Immunotherapeutics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Becker
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Rüker
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Immunotherapeutics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
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178
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Mu H, Xu Z, Liu Y, Sun Y, Wang B, Sun X, Wang Z, Eremin S, Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB, Lei H. Probing the stereoselective interaction of ofloxacin enantiomers with corresponding monoclonal antibodies by multiple spectrometry. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 194:83-91. [PMID: 29328954 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although stereoselective antibody has immense potential in chiral compounds detection and separation, the interaction traits between stereoselective antibody and the corresponding antigenic enantiomers are not yet fully exploited. In this study, the stereospecific interactions between ofloxacin isomers and corresponding monoclonal antibodies (McAb-WR1 and McAb-MS1) were investigated using time-resolved fluorescence, steady-state fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic methods. The chiral recognition discrepancies of antibodies with ofloxacin isomers were reflected through binding constant, number of binding sites, driving forces and conformational changes. The major interacting forces of McAb-WR1 and McAb-MS1 chiral interaction systems were hydrophobic force and van der Waals forces joined up with hydrogen bonds, respectively. Synchronous fluorescence spectra and CD spectra results showed that the disturbing of tyrosine and tryptophan micro-environments were so slightly that no obvious secondary structure changes were found during the chiral hapten binding. Clarification of stereospecific interaction of antibody will facilitate the application of immunoassay to analyze chiral contaminants in food and other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University / Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technique Research Centre of Food Safety Detection and Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University / Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technique Research Centre of Food Safety Detection and Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University / Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technique Research Centre of Food Safety Detection and Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University / Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technique Research Centre of Food Safety Detection and Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baoling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University / Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technique Research Centre of Food Safety Detection and Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- College of Veterinary, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sergei Eremin
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Zherdev
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Boris B Dzantiev
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University / Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technique Research Centre of Food Safety Detection and Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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179
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Preferential exclusion mechanism by carbohydrates on protein stabilization using thermodynamic evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:311-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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180
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Sidstedt M, Hedman J, Romsos EL, Waitara L, Wadsö L, Steffen CR, Vallone PM, Rådström P. Inhibition mechanisms of hemoglobin, immunoglobulin G, and whole blood in digital and real-time PCR. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:2569-2583. [PMID: 29504082 PMCID: PMC5857286 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Blood samples are widely used for PCR-based DNA analysis in fields such as diagnosis of infectious diseases, cancer diagnostics, and forensic genetics. In this study, the mechanisms behind blood-induced PCR inhibition were evaluated by use of whole blood as well as known PCR-inhibitory molecules in both digital PCR and real-time PCR. Also, electrophoretic mobility shift assay was applied to investigate interactions between inhibitory proteins and DNA, and isothermal titration calorimetry was used to directly measure effects on DNA polymerase activity. Whole blood caused a decrease in the number of positive digital PCR reactions, lowered amplification efficiency, and caused severe quenching of the fluorescence of the passive reference dye 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine as well as the double-stranded DNA binding dye EvaGreen. Immunoglobulin G was found to bind to single-stranded genomic DNA, leading to increased quantification cycle values. Hemoglobin affected the DNA polymerase activity and thus lowered the amplification efficiency. Hemoglobin and hematin were shown to be the molecules in blood responsible for the fluorescence quenching. In conclusion, hemoglobin and immunoglobulin G are the two major PCR inhibitors in blood, where the first affects amplification through a direct effect on the DNA polymerase activity and quenches the fluorescence of free dye molecules, and the latter binds to single-stranded genomic DNA, hindering DNA polymerization in the first few PCR cycles. Graphical abstract PCR inhibition mechanisms of hemoglobin and immunoglobulin G (IgG). Cq quantification cycle, dsDNA double-stranded DNA, ssDNA single-stranded DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sidstedt
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Swedish National Forensic Centre, 581 94, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johannes Hedman
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
- Swedish National Forensic Centre, 581 94, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Erica L Romsos
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8314, USA
| | - Leticia Waitara
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Government Chemist Laboratory Authority, P.O. Box 164, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lars Wadsö
- Division of Building Materials, Lund University, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carolyn R Steffen
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8314, USA
| | - Peter M Vallone
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8314, USA
| | - Peter Rådström
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
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181
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Wang C, Wang L, Tadepalli S, Morrissey JJ, Kharasch ED, Naik RR, Singamaneni S. Ultrarobust Biochips with Metal-Organic Framework Coating for Point-of-Care Diagnosis. ACS Sens 2018; 3:342-351. [PMID: 29336151 PMCID: PMC5825292 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Most biosensors relying on antibodies as recognition elements fail in harsh environment conditions such as elevated temperatures, organic solvents, or proteases because of antibody denaturation, and require strict storage conditions with defined shelf life, thus limiting their applications in point-of-care and resource-limited settings. Here, a metal-organic framework (MOF) encapsulation is utilized to preserve the biofunctionality of antibodies conjugated to nanotransducers. This study investigates several parameters of MOF coating (including growth time, surface morphology, thickness, and precursor concentrations) that determine the preservation efficacy against different protein denaturing conditions in both dry and wet environments. A plasmonic biosensor based on gold nanorods as the nanotransducers is employed as a model biodiagnostic platform. The preservation efficacy attained through MOF encapsulation is compared to two other commonly employed materials (sucrose and silk fibroin). The results show that MOF coating outperforms sucrose and silk fibroin coatings under several harsh conditions including high temperature (80 °C), dimethylformamide, and protease solution, owing to complete encapsulation, stability in wet environment and ease of removal at point-of-use by the MOF. We believe this study will broaden the applicability of this universal approach for preserving different types of on-chip biodiagnostic reagents and biosensors/bioassays, thus extending the benefits of advanced diagnostic technologies in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congzhou Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jeremiah J Morrissey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Evan D Kharasch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis 63110, Missouri, United States
| | - Rajesh R Naik
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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182
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Lim JY, Lim DG, Kim KH, Park SK, Jeong SH. Effects of annealing on the physical properties of therapeutic proteins during freeze drying process. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:730-740. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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183
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Mohamed HE, Mohamed AA, Al-Ghobashy MA, Fathalla FA, Abbas SS. Stability assessment of antibody-drug conjugate Trastuzumab emtansine in comparison to parent monoclonal antibody using orthogonal testing protocol. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 150:268-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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184
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Yoshizawa S, Oki S, Arakawa T, Shiraki K. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a counteracting solute of benzyl alcohol for multi-dose formulation of immunoglobulin. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:984-989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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185
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Abstract
This review summarizes evidence that the impact of protein binding of the activity of antibiotics is multifaceted and more complex than indicated by the numerical value of protein binding alone. A plethora of studies has proven that protein binding of antibiotics matters, as the free fraction only is antibacterially active and governs pharmacokinetics. Several studies have indicated that independent from protein binding of immunoglobulin G, albumin, α1-acid-glycoprotein, and pulmonary surfactant acted synergistically with antibacterial agents, thus suggesting that some intrinsic properties of serum proteins may have mediated serum-antibiotic synergisms. It has been demonstrated that IgG and albumin permeabilized Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and facilitated the uptake of poorly penetrating antibiotics. Alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein and pulmonary surfactant also exerted a permeabilizing activity, but proof that this property results in a sensitizing effect is missing. The permeabilizing effect of serum proteins may explain why serum-antibiotic synergisms do not represent a general phenomenon but are limited to specific drug-bug associations only. Although evidence has been generated to support the hypothesis that native serum proteins interact synergistically with antibiotics, systematic and well-controlled studies have to be performed to substantiate this phenomenon. The interactions between serum proteins and bacterial surfaces are driven by physicochemical forces. However, preparative techniques, storage conditions, and incubation methods have a significant impact on the intrinsic activities of these serum proteins affecting serum-antibiotic synergisms, so these techniques have to be standardized; otherwise, contradictory data or even artifacts will be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Dalhoff
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel, Germany
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186
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Laptoš T, Omersel J. The importance of handling high-value biologicals: Physico-chemical instability and immunogenicity of monoclonal antibodies. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3161-3168. [PMID: 29556253 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review specifies the various chemical and physical factors that can influence drug stability and immunogenicity, and the treatment outcomes of antibody biologicals. Although monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are known to be more resistant to environmental changes compared with other proteins, the molecules themselves can be subjected to chemical and physical processes that promote their degradation and transformation into their specific amino-acid moieties. With increasing use of medicinal products that contain mAbs, and their self-administration by the patients, the issue of the correct manipulation of these drugs is of increasing importance. This review summarises the correct handling of mAb biologicals from the point of view of the pharmacist, clinical biochemist and patient, as is supported by relevant cases from the literature and our own data and experience. In particular, if there is a break in the cold chain, both healthcare professionals and patients need to be aware of the potential pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics alterations to these biologicals. Furthermore, any alterations in the protein structure can induce harmful immune reactions, including anaphylaxis and cytokine storms, or result in the production of neutralising or blocking Abs. Overall, considering also that treatment costs usually remain high, drug stability can have a tremendous effect on the clinical, humanistic and economic outcomes of such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Laptoš
- Pharmacy Unit, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasna Omersel
- Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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187
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Wang G, Bondarenko PV, Kaltashov IA. Multi-step conformational transitions in heat-treated protein therapeutics can be monitored in real time with temperature-controlled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2018; 143:670-677. [PMID: 29303166 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat-induced conformational transitions are frequently used to probe the free energy landscapes of proteins. However, the extraction of information from thermal denaturation profiles pertaining to non-native protein conformations remains challenging due to their transient nature and significant conformational heterogeneity. Previously we developed a temperature-controlled electrospray ionization (ESI) source that allowed unfolding and association of biopolymers to be monitored by mass spectrometry (MS) in real time as a function of temperature. The scope of this technique is now extended to systems that undergo multi-step denaturation upon heat stress, as well as relatively small-scale conformational changes that are precursors to protein aggregation. The behavior of two therapeutic proteins (human antithrombin and an IgG1 monoclonal antibody) under heat-stress conditions is monitored in real time, providing evidence that relatively small-scale conformational changes in each system lead to protein oligomerization, followed by aggregation. Temperature-controlled ESI MS is particularly useful for the studies of heat-stressed multi-domain proteins such as IgG, where it allows distinct transitions to be observed. The ability of native temperature-controlled ESI MS to monitor both the conformational changes and oligomerization/degradation with high selectivity complements the classic calorimetric methods, lending itself as a powerful experimental tool for the thermostability studies of protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanbo Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Pavel V Bondarenko
- Attribute Sciences, Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Igor A Kaltashov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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188
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Li M, Li X, Li J, Lu M, Liu X, Duan X. Effects of multiple freeze–thaw treatments on physicochemical and biological activities of egg phosvitin and its phosphopeptides. Food Funct 2018; 9:4602-4610. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01101j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple freeze–thaw treatments improved the emulsifying and biological activities of egg phosvitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology
- 249 Food Innovation Center
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Xiang Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
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189
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Yao H, Wynendaele E, Xu X, Kosgei A, De Spiegeleer B. Circular dichroism in functional quality evaluation of medicines. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:50-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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190
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Heat denaturation of the antibody, a multi-domain protein. Biophys Rev 2017; 10:255-258. [PMID: 29256117 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The antibody is one of the most well-studied multi-domain proteins because of its abundance and physiological importance. In this article, we describe the effect of the complex, multi-domain structure of the antibody on its denaturation by heat. Natural antibodies are composed of 6 to 70 immunoglobulin fold domains, and are irreversibly denatured at high temperatures. Although the separated single immunoglobulin fold domain can be refolded after heat denaturation, denaturation of pairs of such domains is irreversible. Each antibody subclass exhibits a distinct heat tolerance, and IgE is especially known to be heat-labile. IgE starts unfolding at a lower temperature compared to other antibodies, because of the low stability of its CH3 domain. Each immunoglobulin domain starts unfolding at different temperatures. For instance, the CH3 domain of IgG unfolds at a higher temperature than its CH2 domain. Thus, the antibody has a mixture of folded and unfolded structures at a certain temperature. Co-existence of these folded and unfolded domains in a single polypeptide chain may increase the tendency to aggregate which causes the inactivation of the antibody.
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191
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Yoshizawa S, Arakawa T, Shiraki K. Thermal aggregation of human immunoglobulin G in arginine solutions: Contrasting effects of stabilizers and destabilizers. Int J Biol Macromol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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192
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Schermeyer MT, Wöll AK, Kokke B, Eppink M, Hubbuch J. Characterization of highly concentrated antibody solution - A toolbox for the description of protein long-term solution stability. MAbs 2017; 9:1169-1185. [PMID: 28617076 PMCID: PMC5627599 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2017.1338222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High protein titers are gaining importance in biopharmaceutical industry. A major challenge in the development of highly concentrated mAb solutions is their long-term stability and often incalculable viscosity. The complexity of the molecule itself, as well as the various molecular interactions, make it difficult to describe their solution behavior. To study the formulation stability, long- and short-range interactions and the formation of complex network structures have to be taken into account. For a better understanding of highly concentrated solutions, we combined established and novel analytical tools to characterize the effect of solution properties on the stability of highly concentrated mAb formulations. In this study, monoclonal antibody solutions in a concentration range of 50-200 mg/ml at pH 5-9 with and without glycine, PEG4000, and Na2SO4 were analyzed. To determine the monomer content, analytical size-exclusion chromatography runs were performed. ζ-potential measurements were conducted to analyze the electrophoretic properties in different solutions. The melting and aggregation temperatures were determined with the help of fluorescence and static light scattering measurements. Additionally, rheological measurements were conducted to study the solution viscosity and viscoelastic behavior of the mAb solutions. The so-determined analytical parameters were scored and merged in an analytical toolbox. The resulting scoring was then successfully correlated with long-term storage (40 d of incubation) experiments. Our results indicate that the sensitivity of complex rheological measurements, in combination with the applied techniques, allows reliable statements to be made with respect to the effect of solution properties, such as protein concentration, ionic strength, and pH shift, on the strength of protein-protein interaction and solution colloidal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Schermeyer
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anna K. Wöll
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bas Kokke
- Synthon Biopharmaceuticals B.V., Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Eppink
- Synthon Biopharmaceuticals B.V., Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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193
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Futami J, Miyamoto A, Hagimoto A, Suzuki S, Futami M, Tada H. Evaluation of irreversible protein thermal inactivation caused by breakage of disulphide bonds using methanethiosulphonate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12471. [PMID: 28963503 PMCID: PMC5622167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Many extracellular globular proteins have evolved to possess disulphide bonds in their native conformations, which aids in thermodynamic stabilisation. However, disulphide bond breakage by heating leads to irreversible protein denaturation through disulphide-thiol exchange reactions. In this study, we demonstrate that methanethiosulphonate (MTS) specifically suppresses the heat-induced disulphide-thiol exchange reaction, thus improving the heat-resistance of proteins. In the presence of MTS, small globular proteins that contain disulphides can spontaneously refold from heat-denatured states, maintaining wild-type disulphide pairing. Because the disulphide-thiol exchange reaction is triggered by the generation of catalytic amounts of perthiol or thiol, rapid and specific perthiol/thiol protection by MTS reagents prevents irreversible denaturation. Combining MTS reagents with another additive that suppresses chemical modifications, glycinamide, further enhanced protein stabilisation. In the presence of these additives, reliable remnant activities were observed even after autoclaving. However, immunoglobulin G and biotin-binding protein, which are both composed of tetrameric quaternary structures, failed to refold from heat-denatured states, presumably due to chaperon requirements. Elucidation of the chemical modifications involved in irreversible thermoinactivation is useful for the development of preservation buffers with optimum constitutions for specific proteins. In addition, the impact of disulphide bond breakage on the thermoinactivation of proteins can be evaluated using MTS reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Futami
- Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Ai Miyamoto
- Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagimoto
- Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Suzuki
- Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Midori Futami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tada
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Department of Instrumental Analysis and Cryogenics, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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194
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Ermakov EA, Smirnova LP, Bokhan NA, Semke AV, Ivanova SA, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Catalase activity of IgG antibodies from the sera of healthy donors and patients with schizophrenia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183867. [PMID: 28945759 PMCID: PMC5612456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present first evidence showing that some electrophoretically homogeneous IgGs from the sera of patients with schizophrenia (36.4%) and their Fab and F(ab)2 fragments as well as from healthy donors (33.3%) possess catalase activity. The relative catalase activity of IgGs from the sera of individual schizophrenia patients (and healthy donors) significantly varied from patient to patient, but the activity of IgGs from healthy donors is on average 15.8-fold lower than that for schizophrenia patients. After extensive dialysis of purified IgGs against EDTA chelating metal ions, the relative catalase activity of IgGs decreases on average approximately 2.5-3.7-fold; all IgGs possess metal-dependent and independent catalase activity. The addition of external Me2+ ions to dialyzed and non-dialyzed IgGs leads to a significant increase in their activity. The best activator of dialyzed and non-dialyzed IgGs is Co2+, the activation by Cu2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+ ions were rare and always lower than by Co2+. Every IgG preparation demonstrates several individual sets of very well expressed pH optima in the pH range from 4.0 to 9.5. These data speak for the individual repertoire of catalase IgGs in every person and an extreme diversity of abzymes in their pH optima and activation by different metal ions. It is known that antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutases, catalases, and glutathione peroxidases represent critical defense mechanisms preventing oxidative modifications of DNA, proteins, and lipids. Catalase activity of human IgGs could probably also play a major role in the protection of organisms from oxidative stress and toxic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A. Ermakov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ludmila P. Smirnova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Arkadiy V. Semke
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N. Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A. Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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195
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Gillis-Germitsch N, Schnyder M. Impact of heat treatment on antigen detection in sera of Angiostrongylus vasorum infected dogs. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:421. [PMID: 28915846 PMCID: PMC5602946 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decade serological tests for detection of circulating Angiostrongylus vasorum antigen and specific antibodies have been developed and adopted for individual diagnosis and epidemiological studies in dogs. Although confirmed positive at necropsy, antigen detection was not possible in single experimentally, as well as naturally infected dogs, possibly due to immune complex formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on detection of A. vasorum antigen in sera of experimentally (n = 21, 119 follow-up sera) and naturally (n = 18) infected animals. In addition, sera of dogs showing clinical signs consistent with angiostrongylosis (n = 10), of randomly selected dogs (n = 58) and of dogs with other parasitic infections (n = 15) were evaluated. Sera were subjected to heat treatment at 100 °C after addition of 0.5 M EDTA (dilution 1:5) and tested with ELISAs for detection of circulating A. vasorum antigen before and after treatment. Results Between 5 and 11 weeks post-inoculation (wpi) the percentage of positive untreated samples (experimentally infected dogs) increased over time from 33.3 to 90%. Single samples were still negative between 12 and 15 wpi. Overall, between 5 and 15 wpi, 50.6% (45/89) of the available samples were seropositive. From 3 to 6 wpi EDTA/heat treatment caused a change in 8/34 (23.5%) of the samples, with most (n = 6, 17.6%) converting from positive to negative. In contrast, from 7 to 10 wpi, treatment induced a change in 19/52 (36.5%) samples, with all but one converting from negative to positive. Thirteen of 18 naturally infected dogs were antigen positive before and 15 after EDTA/heat treatment, respectively. Untreated samples of 3 dogs with suspected angiostrongylosis were antigen positive, of which only one remained positive after EDTA/heat treatment. One of 58 untreated random samples was antigen positive; this sample became negative after treatment, while another turned positive. One of 15 dogs infected with other parasites than A. vasorum was positive before but negative after treatment. Conclusion Although heat treatment improves A. vasorum antigen detection between 7 and 10 wpi by immune complex disruption, we do not recommend systematic pretreating sera because of reduced antigen detection between 3 and 6 wpi and impairment of antibody detection, if performed contemporaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Gillis-Germitsch
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Schnyder
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
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196
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Islam S, Moinuddin, Mir AR, Raghav A, Habib S, Alam K, Ali A. Glycation, oxidation and glycoxidation of IgG: a biophysical, biochemical, immunological and hematological study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2637-2653. [PMID: 28793850 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1365770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abdul Rouf Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Government Degree College, University of Kashmir, Baramulla 193101, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Alok Raghav
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khursheed Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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197
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Yang Y, Velayudhan A, Thornhill NF, Farid SS. Multi-criteria manufacturability indices for ranking high-concentration monoclonal antibody formulations. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:2043-2056. [PMID: 28464235 PMCID: PMC5575515 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The need for high-concentration formulations for subcutaneous delivery of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can present manufacturability challenges for the final ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) step. Viscosity levels and the propensity to aggregate are key considerations for high-concentration formulations. This work presents novel frameworks for deriving a set of manufacturability indices related to viscosity and thermostability to rank high-concentration mAb formulation conditions in terms of their ease of manufacture. This is illustrated by analyzing published high-throughput biophysical screening data that explores the influence of different formulation conditions (pH, ions, and excipients) on the solution viscosity and product thermostability. A decision tree classification method, CART (Classification and Regression Tree) is used to identify the critical formulation conditions that influence the viscosity and thermostability. In this work, three different multi-criteria data analysis frameworks were investigated to derive manufacturability indices from analysis of the stress maps and the process conditions experienced in the final UF/DF step. Polynomial regression techniques were used to transform the experimental data into a set of stress maps that show viscosity and thermostability as functions of the formulation conditions. A mathematical filtrate flux model was used to capture the time profiles of protein concentration and flux decay behavior during UF/DF. Multi-criteria decision-making analysis was used to identify the optimal formulation conditions that minimize the potential for both viscosity and aggregation issues during UF/DF. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2043-2056. © 2017 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Perodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College London, South Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Ajoy Velayudhan
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College London, Torrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK
| | - Nina F. Thornhill
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College London, South Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Suzanne S. Farid
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College London, Torrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK
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198
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Schön A, Clarkson BR, Jaime M, Freire E. Temperature stability of proteins: Analysis of irreversible denaturation using isothermal calorimetry. Proteins 2017; 85:2009-2016. [PMID: 28722205 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The structural stability of proteins has been traditionally studied under conditions in which the folding/unfolding reaction is reversible, since thermodynamic parameters can only be determined under these conditions. Achieving reversibility conditions in temperature stability experiments has often required performing the experiments at acidic pH or other nonphysiological solvent conditions. With the rapid development of protein drugs, the fastest growing segment in the pharmaceutical industry, the need to evaluate protein stability under formulation conditions has acquired renewed urgency. Under formulation conditions and the required high protein concentration (∼100 mg/mL), protein denaturation is irreversible and frequently coupled to aggregation and precipitation. In this article, we examine the thermal denaturation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) under irreversible conditions and concentrations up to 100 mg/mL using several techniques, especially isothermal calorimetry which has been used to measure the enthalpy and kinetics of the unfolding and aggregation/precipitation at 12°C below the transition temperature measured by DSC. At those temperatures the rate of irreversible protein denaturation and aggregation of HEWL is measured to be on the order of 1 day-1 . Isothermal calorimetry appears a suitable technique to identify buffer formulation conditions that maximize the long term stability of protein drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Schön
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
| | - Benjamin R Clarkson
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
| | - Maria Jaime
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
| | - Ernesto Freire
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218
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199
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Goldman ER, Liu JL, Zabetakis D, Anderson GP. Enhancing Stability of Camelid and Shark Single Domain Antibodies: An Overview. Front Immunol 2017; 8:865. [PMID: 28791022 PMCID: PMC5524736 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single domain antibodies (sdAbs) are gaining a reputation as superior recognition elements as they combine the advantages of the specificity and affinity found in conventional antibodies with high stability and solubility. Melting temperatures (Tms) of sdAbs cover a wide range from below 50 to over 80°C. Many sdAbs have been engineered to increase their Tm, making them stable until exposed to extreme temperatures. SdAbs derived from the variable heavy chains of camelid and shark heavy chain-only antibodies are termed VHH and VNAR, respectively, and generally exhibit some ability to refold and bind antigen after heat denaturation. This ability to refold varies from 0 to 100% and is a property dependent on both intrinsic factors of the sdAb and extrinsic conditions such as the sample buffer ionic strength, pH, and sdAb concentration. SdAbs have also been engineered to increase their solubility and refolding ability, which enable them to function even after exposure to temperatures that exceed their melting point. In addition, efforts to improve their stability at extreme pH and in the presence of chemical denaturants or proteases have been undertaken. Multiple routes have been employed to engineer sdAbs with these enhanced stabilities. The methods utilized to achieve these goals include grafting complementarity-determining regions onto stable frameworks, introduction of non-canonical disulfide bonds, random mutagenesis combined with stringent selection, point mutations such as inclusion of negative charges, and genetic fusions. Increases of up to 20°C have been realized, pushing the Tm of some sdAbs to over 90°C. Herein, we present an overview of the work done to stabilize sdAbs derived from camelids and sharks. Utilizing these various strategies sdAbs have been stabilized without significantly compromising their affinity, thereby providing superior reagents for detection, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R Goldman
- Center for BioMolecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jinny L Liu
- Center for BioMolecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dan Zabetakis
- Center for BioMolecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - George P Anderson
- Center for BioMolecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
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200
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Huang Z, Raghuwanshi VS, Garnier G. Functionality of Immunoglobulin G and Immunoglobulin M Antibody Physisorbed on Cellulosic Films. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:41. [PMID: 28770196 PMCID: PMC5511829 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The functionality and aging mechanism of antibodies physisorbed onto cellulosic films was investigated. Blood grouping antibodies immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were adsorbed onto smooth cellulose acetate (CAF) and regenerated cellulose (RCF) films. Cellulose films and adsorbed IgG layers were characterized at the air and liquid interface by X-ray and neutron reflectivity (NR), respectively. Cellulose film 208 Å thick (in air) swell to 386 Å once equilibrated in water. IgG adsorbs from solution onto cellulose as a partial layer 62 Å thick. IgG and IgM antibodies were adsorbed onto cellulose and cellulose acetate films, air dried, and aged at room temperature for periods up to 20 days. Antibody functionality and surface hydrophobicity were measured everyday with the size of red blood cell (RBC) agglutinates (using RBC specific to IgG/IgM) and the water droplet contact angle, respectively. The functionality of the aged IgG/IgM decreases faster if physisorbed on cellulose than on cellulose acetate and correlates to surface hydrophobicity. IgG physisorbed on RCF or CAF age better and remain functional longer than physisorbed IgM. We found a correlation between antibody stability and hydrogen bond formation ability of the system, evaluated from antibody carbonyl concentration and cellulosic surface hydroxyl concentration. Antibody physisorbs on cellulose by weak dipole forces and hydrogen bonds. Strong hydrogen bonding contributes to the physisorption of antibody on cellulose into a non-functional configuration in which the molecule relaxes by rotation of hydophobic groups toward the air interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Vikram Singh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Gil Garnier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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