151
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Monge C, Saha N, Boudou T, Pózos-Vásquez C, Dulong V, Glinel K, Picart C. Rigidity-patterned polyelectrolyte films to control myoblast cell adhesion and spatial organization. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2013; 23:3432-3442. [PMID: 25100929 PMCID: PMC4119880 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201203580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In vivo, cells are sensitive to the stiffness of their micro-environment and especially to the spatial organization of the stiffness. In vitro studies of this phenomenon can help to better understand the mechanisms of the cell response to spatial variations of the matrix stiffness. In this work, we design polelyelectrolyte multilayer films made of poly(L-lysine) and a photo-reactive hyaluronan derivative. These films can be photo-crosslinked through a photomask to create spatial patterns of rigidity. Quartz substrates incorporating a chromium mask are prepared to expose selectively the film to UV light (in a physiological buffer), without any direct contact between the photomask and the soft film. We show that these micropatterns are chemically homogeneous and flat, without any preferential adsorption of adhesive proteins. Three groups of pattern geometries differing by their shape (circles or lines), size (form 2 to 100 μm) or interspacing distance between the motifs are used to study the adhesion and spatial organization of myoblast cells. On large circular micropatterns, the cells form large assemblies that are confined to the stiffest parts. Conversely, when the size of the rigidity patterns is subcellular, the cells respond by forming protrusions. Finally, on linear micropatterns of rigidity, myoblasts align and their nuclei drastically elongate in specific conditions. These results pave the way for the study of the different steps of myoblast fusion in response to matrix rigidity in well-defined geometrical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Monge
- CNRS-UMR 5628, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS et Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université de Grenoble, 3 parvis L. Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Naresh Saha
- CNRS-UMR 5628, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS et Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université de Grenoble, 3 parvis L. Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France; Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences, Bio & Soft Matter division Croix du Sud 1, box L7.04.02 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Thomas Boudou
- CNRS-UMR 5628, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS et Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université de Grenoble, 3 parvis L. Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Cuauhtemoc Pózos-Vásquez
- Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences, Bio & Soft Matter division Croix du Sud 1, box L7.04.02 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Virginie Dulong
- Laboratoire Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces, CNRS-UMR 6270 Université de Rouen Bd Maurice de Broglie F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
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152
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Aggarwal N, Altgärde N, Svedhem S, Michanetzis G, Missirlis Y, Groth T. Tuning Cell Adhesion and Growth on Biomimetic Polyelectrolyte Multilayers by Variation of pH During Layer-by-Layer Assembly. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1327-38. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Aggarwal
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Noomi Altgärde
- Department of Applied Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; 412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Sofia Svedhem
- Department of Applied Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; 412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Georgios Michanetzis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Patras; Rion 26500 Patras Greece
| | - Yannis Missirlis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Patras; Rion 26500 Patras Greece
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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153
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The influence of substrate stiffness gradients on primary human dermal fibroblasts. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5070-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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154
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Phthalic acid chemical probes synthesized for protein-protein interaction analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12914-30. [PMID: 23797655 PMCID: PMC3742165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140712914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticizers are additives that are used to increase the flexibility of plastic during manufacturing. However, in injection molding processes, plasticizers cannot be generated with monomers because they can peel off from the plastics into the surrounding environment, water, or food, or become attached to skin. Among the various plasticizers that are used, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (phthalic acid) is a typical precursor to generate phthalates. In addition, phthalic acid is a metabolite of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). According to Gene_Ontology gene/protein database, phthalates can cause genital diseases, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, etc. In this study, a silanized linker (3-aminopropyl triethoxyslane, APTES) was deposited on silicon dioxides (SiO2) particles and phthalate chemical probes were manufactured from phthalic acid and APTES-SiO2. These probes could be used for detecting proteins that targeted phthalic acid and for protein-protein interactions. The phthalic acid chemical probes we produced were incubated with epithelioid cell lysates of normal rat kidney (NRK-52E cells) to detect the interactions between phthalic acid and NRK-52E extracted proteins. These chemical probes interacted with a number of chaperones such as protein disulfide-isomerase A6, heat shock proteins, and Serpin H1. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) software showed that these chemical probes were a practical technique for protein-protein interaction analysis.
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155
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Ghostine RA, Markarian MZ, Schlenoff JB. Asymmetric Growth in Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:7636-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ja401318m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramy A. Ghostine
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306-4390, United States
| | - Marie Z. Markarian
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306-4390, United States
| | - Joseph B. Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306-4390, United States
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156
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Guillot R, Gilde F, Becquart P, Sailhan F, Lapeyrere A, Logeart-Avramoglou D, Picart C. The stability of BMP loaded polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings on titanium. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5737-46. [PMID: 23642539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) onto material surfaces is a promising, but still challenging, strategy for achieving dependable and consistent osseointegration of long-term metal implants. In the present study, we have developed an osteoinductive coating of a porous titanium implant using biomimetic polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films loaded with BMP-2. The amount of BMP-2 loaded in these films was tuned - over a large range - depending on the cross-linking extent of the film and of the BMP-2 initial concentration. The air-dried PEM films were stable for at least one year of storage at 4 °C. In addition, they resisted exposure to γ-irradiation at clinically approved doses. The preservation of the growth factor bioactivity upon long-term storage and sterilization were evaluated both in vitro (using C2C12 cells) and in vivo (in a rat ectopic model) for the perspective of industrial and clinical development. BMP-2 loaded in dried PEM films exhibited shelf-life stability over one year. However, their bioactivity in vitro decreased from 50 to 80% after irradiation depending on the γ-irradiation dose. Remarkably, the in vivo studies showed that the osteoinductive potential of BMP-2 contained in PEM-coated Ti implants was fully preserved after air-drying of the implants and sterilization at 25 kGy. Film drying or irradiation did not affect the amount of new bone tissue formation. This "off-the-shelf" novel technology of functionalized implants opens promising applications in prosthetic and tissue engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Guillot
- UMR 5628 (LMGP), Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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157
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Almodóvar J, Crouzier T, Selimović Š, Boudou T, Khademhosseini A, Picart C. Gradients of physical and biochemical cues on polyelectrolyte multilayer films generated via microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:1562-70. [PMID: 23440074 PMCID: PMC4155072 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41407h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The cell microenvironment is a complex and anisotropic matrix composed of a number of physical and biochemical cues that control cellular processes. A current challenge in biomaterials is the engineering of biomimetic materials which present spatially controlled physical and biochemical cues. The layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) has been demonstrated to be a promising candidate for a biomaterial mimicking the native extracellular matrix. In this work, gradients of biochemical and physical cues were generated on PEM films composed of hyaluronan (HA) and poly(l-lysine) (PLL) using a microfluidic device. As a proof of concept, four different types of surface concentration gradients adsorbed onto the films were generated. These included surface concentration gradients of fluorescent PLL, fluorescent microbeads, a cross-linker, and one consisting of a polyelectrolyte grafted with a cell adhesive peptide. In all cases, reproducible centimeter-long linear gradients were obtained. Fluorescence microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize these gradients. Cell responses to the stiffness gradient and to the peptide gradient were studied. Pre-osteoblastic cells were found to adhere and spread more along the stiffness gradient, which varied linearly from 200 kPa-600 kPa. Myoblast cell spreading also increased throughout the length of the increasing RGD-peptide gradient. This work demonstrates a simple method to modify PEM films with concentration gradients of non-covalently bound biomolecules and with gradients in stiffness. These results highlight the potential of this technique to efficiently and quickly determine the optimal biochemical and mechanical cues necessary for specific cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almodóvar
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Šeila Selimović
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Thomas Boudou
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
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158
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Hartmann H, Hossfeld S, Schlosshauer B, Mittnacht U, Pêgo AP, Dauner M, Doser M, Stoll D, Krastev R. Hyaluronic acid/chitosan multilayer coatings on neuronal implants for localized delivery of siRNA nanoplexes. J Control Release 2013; 168:289-97. [PMID: 23562632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Binding, stabilizing and promoting cellular uptake of siRNA are all critical efforts in creating matrices for the localized delivery of siRNA molecules to target cells. In this study, we describe the generation of chitosan imidazole/siRNA nanoplexes (NPs) embedded in nano scope polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) composed of hyaluronic acid and chitosan for sustained and localized drug delivery. Regular PEM build-up, successful integration of NPs and controlled release under physiological conditions were shown. Biological efficacy was evaluated in neuronal cell culture concerning cell adhesion, viability, NPs uptake and gene silencing. The additionally shown biological functionalization of neuronal implants possesses potential for future applications in the field of regenerative medicine and treatment of spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hartmann
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
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159
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Martinez JS, Lehaf AM, Schlenoff JB, Keller TCS. Cell durotaxis on polyelectrolyte multilayers with photogenerated gradients of modulus. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1311-20. [PMID: 23505966 DOI: 10.1021/bm301863a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Behaviors of rat aortic smooth muscle (A7r5) and human osteosarcoma (U2OS) cells on photo-cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) with uniform, or gradients of, moduli were investigated. The PEMUs were built layer-by-layer with the polycation poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and a polyanion poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) that was modified with photoreactive 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzophenone (PAABp). PEMUs with different uniform and gradients of modulus were generated by varying the time of uniform ultraviolet light exposure and by exposure through optical density gradient filters. Analysis of adhesion, morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and motility of the cells on the PEMUs revealed that A7r5 cells established a polarized orientation toward increasing modulus on shallow modulus gradients (approximately 4.7 MPa mm(-1)) and durotaxed toward stiffer regions on steeper gradients (approximately 55 MPa mm(-1)). In contrast, U2OS cells exhibited little orientation or durotaxis on modulus gradients. These results demonstrate the utility of photo-cross-linked PEMUs to direct vascular and osteoblast cell behavior, a potential application for PEMU coatings on biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Martinez
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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160
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Major R. Self-assembling surfaces of blood-contacting materials. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2013; 24:725-733. [PMID: 23229573 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The optimal scaffold should have the self-organising property of activating the appropriate tissues surrounding the re-population. The anti-bacterial property of the coating was obtained through surface pre-treatment with coatings a few nanometres in thickness deposited using vapour-based methods. The coating's anti-thrombogenic properties were obtained by the selective mobilisation of cellular functions, which was controlled by the structure of porous coatings deposited on bulk substrates and by the small biological agent-L-arginyl-glycyl-L-aspartic acid (tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp-RGD) protein domains. Two tests simulating arterial flow conditions were performed: Impact-R, for examining platelet function under near physiological conditions, and radial flow chamber, a cell detachment test that gives an overview of cell behaviour and shear stresses that could appear between the cell and the biomaterial. Cell structures were analysed using laser scanning confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The performed in vitro dynamic test for the haemo-compatibility revealed the most promising surface functionalization was based on porous extracellular-like structure covered with endothelium cells simultaneously. The antibacterial function was achieved by the appropriate phase composition of the coating used for the pre-treatment stage. The coating for the pre-treatment was selected on the basis of the blood-material and bacteria-material interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Major
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland.
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161
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A universal fixation method based on quaternary ammonium salts (RNAlater) for omics-technologies: Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a case study. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:891-900. [PMID: 23417260 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and fluxomics are powerful omics-technologies that play a major role in today's research. For each of these techniques good sample quality is crucial. Major factors contributing to the quality of a sample is the actual sampling procedure itself and the way the sample is stored directly after sampling. It has already been described that RNAlater can be used to store tissues and cells in a way that the RNA quality and quantity are preserved. In this paper, we demonstrate that quaternary ammonium salts (RNAlater) are also suitable to preserve and store samples from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for later use with the four major omics-technologies. Moreover, it is shown that RNAlater also preserves the cell morphology and the potential to recover growth, permitting microscopic analysis and yeast cell culturing at a later stage.
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162
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Saha N, Monge C, Dulong V, Picart C, Glinel K. Influence of polyelectrolyte film stiffness on bacterial growth. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:520-8. [PMID: 23289403 PMCID: PMC4312771 DOI: 10.1021/bm301774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Photo-cross-linkable polyelectrolyte films, whose nanomechanical properties can be varied under UV light illumination, were prepared from poly(l-lysine) (PLL) and a hyaluronan derivative modified with photoreactive vinylbenzyl groups (HAVB). The adhesion and the growth of two model bacteria, namely Escherichia coli and Lactococcus lactis , were studied on non-cross-linked and cross-linked films to investigate how the film stiffness influences the bacterial behavior. While the Gram positive L. lactis was shown to grow slowly on both films, independently of their rigidity, the Gram negative E. coli exhibited a more rapid growth on non-cross-linked softer films compared to the stiffer ones. Experiments performed on photopatterned films showing both soft and stiff regions, confirmed a faster development of E. coli colonies on softer regions. Interestingly, this behavior is opposite to the one reported before for mammalian cells. Therefore, the photo-cross-linked (PLL/HAVB) films are interesting coatings for tissue engineering since they promote the growth of mammalian cells while limiting the bacterial colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Saha
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Bio- & Soft Matter division, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- LMGP, CNRS UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis L. Néel, F-38016 Grenoble cedex, France
| | - Claire Monge
- LMGP, CNRS UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis L. Néel, F-38016 Grenoble cedex, France
| | - Virginie Dulong
- Laboratoire Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces, CNRS UMR 6270, Université de Rouen, Bd Maurice de Broglie, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP, CNRS UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis L. Néel, F-38016 Grenoble cedex, France
| | - Karine Glinel
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Bio- & Soft Matter division, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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163
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Hastuti B, Mudasir, Siswanta D, Triyono. The Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Pectin Film as Adsorbent for Lead (II) Metal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7763/ijcea.2013.v4.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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164
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Shaik J, Shaikh Mohammed J, McShane MJ, Mills DK. In vitro evaluation of chondrosarcoma cells and canine chondrocytes on layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled multilayer nanofilms. Biofabrication 2012; 5:015004. [PMID: 23220789 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/1/015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Short-term cell-substrate interactions of two secondary chondrocyte cell lines (human chondrosarcoma cells, canine chondrocytes) with layer-by-layer self-assembled multilayer nanofilms were investigated for a better understanding of cellular-behaviour dependence on a number of nanofilm layers. Cell-substrate interactions were studied on polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofilms (PMNs) of eleven different biomaterials. Surface characterization of PMNs performed using AFM showed increasing surface roughness with increasing number of layers for most of the biomaterials. LDH-L and MTT assays were performed on chondrosarcoma cells and canine chondrocytes, respectively. A major observation was that 10-bilayer nanofilms exhibited lesser cytotoxicity towards human chondrosarcoma cells than their 5-bilayer counterparts. In the case of canine chondrocytes, BSA enhanced cell metabolic activity with increasing number of layers, underscoring the importance of the multilayer nanofilm architecture on cellular behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shaik
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA
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165
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Orientation change of polyelectrolytes in linearly elongated polyelectrolyte multilayer measured by polarized UV spectroscopy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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166
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Aslan S, Deneufchatel M, Hashmi S, Li N, Pfefferle LD, Elimelech M, Pauthe E, Van Tassel PR. Carbon nanotube-based antimicrobial biomaterials formed via layer-by-layer assembly with polypeptides. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 388:268-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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167
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Marie H, Barrere A, Schoentstein F, Chavanne MH, Grosgogeat B, Mora L. PEM anchorage on titanium using catechol grafting. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50326. [PMID: 23226262 PMCID: PMC3511452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study deals with the anchorage of polyelectrolyte films onto titanium surfaces via a cathecol-based linker for biomedical applications. METHODOLOGY The following study uses a molecule functionalized with a catechol and a carboxylic acid: 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid. This molecule is anchored to the TiO(2) substrate via the catechol while the carboxylic acid reacts with polymers bearing amine groups. By providing a film anchorage of chemisorption type, it makes possible to deposit polyelectrolytes on the surface of titanium. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements show that the different steps of grafting have been successfully performed. CONCLUSIONS This method based on catechol anchorage of polyelectrolytes open a window towards large possibilities of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Marie
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BPC, Villetaneuse, France
- Univ Paris Diderot, Hemostasis Bio-engineering and Cardiovascular Remodelling, Paris, France; INSERM, U698, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Barrere
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BPC, Villetaneuse, France
- Univ Paris Diderot, Hemostasis Bio-engineering and Cardiovascular Remodelling, Paris, France; INSERM, U698, Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Schoentstein
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux, CNRS (UPR 3407), Villetaneuse, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Chavanne
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux, CNRS (UPR 3407), Villetaneuse, France
| | - Brigitte Grosgogeat
- UMR CNRS 5615 Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et des Interfaces, UFR d’Odontologie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon SCTD, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Mora
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BPC, Villetaneuse, France
- Univ Paris Diderot, Hemostasis Bio-engineering and Cardiovascular Remodelling, Paris, France; INSERM, U698, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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168
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Üzüm C, Hellwig J, Madaboosi N, Volodkin D, von Klitzing R. Growth behaviour and mechanical properties of PLL/HA multilayer films studied by AFM. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 3:778-88. [PMID: 23213641 PMCID: PMC3512127 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.3.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Scanning- and colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy were used to study the mechanical properties of poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronan (PLL/HA)(n) films as a function of indentation velocity and the number of polymer deposition steps n. The film thickness was determined by two independent AFM-based methods: scratch-and-scan and newly developed full-indentation. The advantages and disadvantages of both methods are highlighted, and error minimization techniques in elasticity measurements are addressed. It was found that the film thickness increases linearly with the bilayer number n, ranging between 400 and 7500 nm for n = 12 and 96, respectively. The apparent Young's modulus E ranges between 15 and 40 kPa and does not depend on the indenter size or the film bilayer number n. Stress relaxation measurements show that PLL/HA films have a viscoelastic behaviour, regardless of their thickness. If indentation is performed several times at the same lateral position on the film, a viscous/plastic deformation takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagri Üzüm
- Stranski-Laboratorium, Department of Chemistry, TU Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Hellwig
- Stranski-Laboratorium, Department of Chemistry, TU Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Narayanan Madaboosi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Stranski-Laboratorium, Department of Chemistry, TU Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regine von Klitzing
- Stranski-Laboratorium, Department of Chemistry, TU Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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169
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Sun H, Benjaminsen RV, Almdal K, Andresen TL. Hyaluronic Acid Immobilized Polyacrylamide Nanoparticle Sensors for CD44 Receptor Targeting and pH Measurement in Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2247-55. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300349n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Sun
- Department
of Pharmacy, College
of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
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170
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Huang X, Lin N, Hang R, Wang X, Zhang X, Tang B. Modulating the behaviors of C3A cells via surface charges of polyelectrolyte multilayers. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 92:1064-70. [PMID: 23399129 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro how the modulating surface charges of materials influenced the behaviors of hepatocytes. Cells of a human hepatocyte cell line, C3A, which have been used in a clinically tested bioartificial liver, were conducted as cell models. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) of poly-L-lysine and alginate biopolymers were fabricated and then the zeta potential was assessed. Protein adsorption study showed that fibrinogen deposition could be modulated via tuning the terminal layer and the surface charges of PEMs. Furthermore, through observing the cellular morphology, viability, functional protein analysis and gene expression, we found that the behavior of C3A cells could be modulated via tuning of surface charges on PEMs, which was different from that via grafting functional groups on PEMs. It suggested that the PEMs with different charges could be used in vitro to manipulate cell behaviors to improve upon the design of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Huang
- Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze Road, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
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171
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Ji J, Shen J. Electrostatic Self-assemble and Nanomedicine. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2012; 2006:720-2. [PMID: 17282284 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Electrostatic self-assemble (ESA), which based on the alternating physisorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte, appears to be a promising method in preparing nanolayer films of biopolymers and controlling the structures and properties in nanoscale. It provides great potential in surface design of nanolayer for bioactive coordinated coating for biomedical device, drug delivery systems and novel gene delivery systems. Although biomedical device developments have increased the quality and life expectancy of patients, the recognition of a foreign material by living organism is still a problem, as it often leads to a serial of adverse reactions, such as thrombus formation and complement activation, etc. The new strategies in this regard aim at surface tailoring of biomaterials in nanoscale to present different biologically activity. Self-assembling of polymers has been increasingly explored for the preparation of well-defined surfaces and interfaces in recent years [1]. Electrostatic self-assemble (ESA), which based on the alternating physisorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte, appears to be a promising method in preparing multilayer films of biopolymers [2]. The buildup of such layer is easy and the method can be used whatever the shape of the solid. The procedure may be carried out not only with linear polyions and boladiions, but also with DNA, proteins, virus, ceramics, and charged nanoparticles. Successful protein/polyion multilayer assembly provides new possibilities in the line of efforts to create a method of organizing proteins in layers and to build up such layers following ;molecular architecture' plans [3]. The method was extended to build up protein superlattices, i.e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- Department of Polymer Science, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China (e-mail: jijian@jzju. Edu.cn)
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172
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Du K, Gan Z. Cellular interactions on hierarchical poly(ε-caprolactone) nanowire micropatterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:4643-4650. [PMID: 22873768 DOI: 10.1021/am301013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A double template method to fabricate poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) hierarchical patterned nanowires with highly ordered nano- and microscaled topography was developed in this study. The topography of PCL film with a patterned nanowire surface can be easily and well controlled by changing the template and melting time of PCL film on the templates. The surface morphology, water contact angle, protein adsorption, and cell growth behavior on the PCL films with different surface structures were well studied. The results revealed that the PCL nanowire arrays and the hierarchical patterned nanowires showed higher capability of protein adsorption and better cell growth than the PCL film with smooth surface. Typically, the PCL surface with hierarchical nanowire patterns was most favorable for cell attachment and proliferation. The present study was innovative at fabrication of polymer substrates with hierarchical architecture of nanowires inside microscaled islands to gain insight into the cell response to this unique topography and to develop a new method of constructing the bionic surface for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Du
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
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173
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Crouzier T, Beckwitt CH, Ribbeck K. Mucin multilayers assembled through sugar-lectin interactions. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3401-8. [PMID: 22920681 DOI: 10.1021/bm301222f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multilayer films of biopolymers are attractive tools to exploit the extraordinary properties of certain biomacromolecules and introduce new functionalities to surfaces. Mucins, the gel-forming constituents of mucus, are versatile glycoproteins that have potential as new building blocks for biomaterial surface coatings. Multilayer films have mostly been assembled through the electrostatic pairing of polyelectrolytes, which results in limited pH and salt stability and screens charges otherwise available for useful payload binding. Here, we aim at assembling mucin multilayer films that differ from conventional paired polyelectrolyte assemblies to obtain highly stable and functional surface modifications. Using the lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to cross-link mucin-bound sugar residues, we show that (Mucin/WGA) films can grow into hydrated films and sustain exceptional resistance to extreme salt conditions and a large range of pH. Furthermore, we show that the addition of soluble N-acetyl-d-glucosamine can induce the controlled release of WGA from (Mucin/WGA) films. Last, we show that (Mucin/WGA) films can repeatedly incorporate and release a positively charged model cargo. The lubricating, hydration, barrier, and antimicrobial properties of mucins open multiple applicative perspectives for these highly stable mucin-based multilayer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Crouzier
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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174
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Fast and long-acting antibacterial properties of chitosan-Ag/polyvinylpyrrolidone nanocomposite films. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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175
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Han L, Mao Z, Wu J, Zhang Y, Gao C. Influences of surface chemistry and swelling of salt-treated polyelectrolyte multilayers on migration of smooth muscle cells. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:3455-68. [PMID: 22896570 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell migration plays a crucial role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes and can be regulated by the cell-substrate interactions. We found previously that the poly(sodium 4-styrenesulphonate) (PSS)/poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDADMAC) multilayers post-treated in 1-5 M NaCl solutions result in continuous changes of their physico-chemical properties such as thickness, chemical composition, surface charge, swelling ratio and wettability. In this study, the responses of human smooth muscle cells (SMCs) on these salt-treated multilayers, particularly the governing factors of cellular migration that offer principles for designing therapeutics and implants, were disclosed. The cell migration rate was slowest on the 3 M NaCl-treated multilayers, which was comparable with that on tissue culture plates, but it was highest on 5 M NaCl-treated multilayers. To elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms, cell adhesion, proliferation, adhesion and related gene expressions were further investigated. The SMCs preferred to attach, spread and proliferate on the PSS-dominated surfaces with well-organized focal adhesion and actin fibres, especially on the 3 M NaCl-treated multilayers, while were kept round and showed low viability on the PDADMAC-dominated surfaces. The relative mRNA expression levels of adhesion-related genes such as fibronectin, laminin and focal adhesion kinase, and migration-related genes such as myosin IIA and Cdc42 were compared to explain the different cellular behaviours. These results reveal that the surface chemistry and the swelling of the salt-treated multilayers govern the cell migration behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Han
- MOE of Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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176
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Costa E, Lloyd MM, Chopko C, Aguiar-Ricardo A, Hammond PT. Tuning smart microgel swelling and responsive behavior through strong and weak polyelectrolyte pair assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:10082-10090. [PMID: 22676290 PMCID: PMC3412153 DOI: 10.1021/la301586t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of polyelectrolyte pairs on temperature and pH-sensitive cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-(methacrylic acid), poly(NIPAAm-co-MAA), microgels enabled a fine-tuning of the gel swelling and responsive behavior according to the mobility of the assembled polyelectrolyte (PE) pair and the composition of the outermost layer. Microbeads with well-defined morphology were initially prepared by synthesis in supercritical carbon dioxide. Upon LbL assembly of polyelectrolytes, interactions between the multilayers and the soft porous microgel led to differences in swelling and thermoresponsive behavior. For the weak PE pairs, namely poly(L-lysine)/poly(L-glutamic acid) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(acrylic acid), polycation-terminated microgels were less swollen and more thermoresponsive than native microgel, whereas polyanion-terminated microgels were more swollen and not significantly responsive to temperature, in a quasi-reversible process with consecutive PE assembly. For the strong PE pair, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)/poly(sodium styrene sulfonate), the differences among polycation and polyanion-terminated microgels are not sustained after the first PE bilayer due to extensive ionic cross-linking between the polyelectrolytes. The tendencies across the explored systems became less noteworthy in solutions with larger ionic strength due to overall charge shielding of the polyelectrolytes and microgel. ATR FT-IR studies correlated the swelling and responsive behavior after LbL assembly on the microgels with the extent of H-bonding and alternating charge distribution within the gel. Thus, the proposed LbL strategy may be a simple and flexible way to engineer smart microgels in terms of size, surface chemistry, overall charge and permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Costa
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Margaret M. Lloyd
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Caroline Chopko
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ana Aguiar-Ricardo
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula T. Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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177
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Chaubaroux C, Vrana E, Debry C, Schaaf P, Senger B, Voegel JC, Haikel Y, Ringwald C, Hemmerlé J, Lavalle P, Boulmedais F. Collagen-based fibrillar multilayer films cross-linked by a natural agent. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2128-35. [PMID: 22662909 DOI: 10.1021/bm300529a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface functionalization plays an important role in the design of biomedical implants, especially when layer forming cells, such as endothelial or epithelial cells, are needed. In this study, we define a novel nanoscale surface coating composed of collagen/alginate polyelectrolyte multilayers and cross-linked for stability with genipin. This buildup follows an exponential growth regime versus the number of deposition cycles with a distinct nanofibrillar structure that is not damaged by the cross-linking step. Stability and cell compatibility of the cross-linked coatings were studied with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The surface coating can be covered by a monolayer of vascular endothelial cells within 5 days. Genipin cross-linking renders the surface more suitable for cell attachment and proliferation compared to glutaraldehyde (more conventional cross-linker) cross-linked surfaces, where cell clumps in dispersed areas were observed. In summary, it is possible with the defined system to build fibrillar structures with a nanoscale control of film thickness, which would be useful for in vivo applications such as inner lining of lumens for vascular and tracheal implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Chaubaroux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , INSERM UMR 977, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Strasbourg, France
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178
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Cado G, Kerdjoudj H, Chassepot A, Lefort M, Benmlih K, Hemmerlé J, Voegel JC, Jierry L, Schaaf P, Frère Y, Boulmedais F. Polysaccharide films built by simultaneous or alternate spray: a rapid way to engineer biomaterial surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:8470-8478. [PMID: 22554108 DOI: 10.1021/la300563s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated polysaccharide films obtained by simultaneous and alternate spraying of a chitosan (CHI) solution as polycation and hyaluronic acid (HA), alginate (ALG), and chondroitin sulfate (CS) solutions as polyanions. For simultaneous spraying, the film thickness increases linearly with the cumulative spraying time and passes through a maximum for polyanion/CHI molar charge ratios lying between 0.6 and 1.2. The size of polyanion/CHI complexes formed in solution was compared with the simultaneously sprayed film growth rate as a function of the polyanion/CHI molar charge ratio. A good correlation was found. This suggests the importance of polyanion/polycation complexation in the simultaneous spraying process. Depending on the system, the film topography is either liquid-like or granular. Film biocompatibility was evaluated using human gingival fibroblasts. A small or no difference is observed in cell viability and adhesion between the two deposition processes. The CHI/HA system appears to be the best for cell adhesion inducing the clustering of CD44, a cell surface HA receptor, at the membrane of cells. Simultaneous or alternate spraying of CHI/HA appears thus to be a convenient and fast procedure for biomaterial surface modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cado
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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179
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Chang YW, He P, Marquez SM, Cheng Z. Uniform yeast cell assembly via microfluidics. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2012; 6:24118-241189. [PMID: 22655026 PMCID: PMC3360730 DOI: 10.1063/1.4714221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the use of microfluidic approaches for the fabrication of yeastosomes (yeast-celloidosomes) based on self-assembly of yeast cells onto liquid-solid or liquid-gas interfaces. Precise control over fluidic flows in droplet- and bubble-forming microfluidic devices allows production of monodispersed, size-selected templates. The general strategy to organize and assemble living cells is to tune electrostatic attractions between the template (gel or gas core) and the cells via surface charging. Layer-by-Layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte deposition was employed to invert or enhance charges of solid surfaces. We demonstrated the ability to produce high-quality, monolayer-shelled yeastosome structures under proper conditions when sufficient electrostatic driving forces are present. The combination of microfluidic fabrication with cell self-assembly enables a versatile platform for designing synthetic hierarchy bio-structures.
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180
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Bechler SL, Lynn DM. Reactive polymer multilayers fabricated by covalent layer-by-layer assembly: 1,4-conjugate addition-based approaches to the design of functional biointerfaces. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1523-32. [PMID: 22468967 PMCID: PMC3351563 DOI: 10.1021/bm300234q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report on conjugate addition-based approaches to the covalent layer-by-layer assembly of thin films and the post-fabrication functionalization of biointerfaces. Our approach is based on a recently reported approach to the "reactive" assembly of covalently cross-linked polymer multilayers driven by the 1,4-conjugate addition of amine functionality in poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) to the acrylate groups in a small-molecule pentacrylate species (5-Ac). This process results in films containing degradable β-amino ester cross-links and residual acrylate and amine functionality that can be used as reactive handles for the subsequent immobilization of new functionality. Layer-by-layer growth of films fabricated on silicon substrates occurred in a supra-linear manner to yield films ≈ 750 nm thick after the deposition of 80 PEI/5-Ac layers. Characterization by atomic force microscopy (AFM) suggested a mechanism of growth that involves the reactive deposition of nanometer-scale aggregates of PEI and 5-Ac during assembly. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy studies revealed covalent assembly to occur by 1,4-conjugate addition without formation of amide functionality. Additional experiments demonstrated that acrylate-containing films could be postfunctionalized via conjugate addition reactions with small-molecule amines that influence important biointerfacial properties, including water contact angles and the ability of film-coated surfaces to prevent or promote the attachment of cells in vitro. For example, whereas conjugation of the hydrophobic molecule decylamine resulted in films that supported cell adhesion and growth, films treated with the carbohydrate-based motif D-glucamine resisted cell attachment and growth almost completely for up to 7 days in serum-containing media. We demonstrate that this conjugate addition-based approach also provides a means of immobilizing functionality through labile ester linkages that can be used to promote the long-term, surface-mediated release of conjugated species and promote gradual changes in interfacial properties upon incubation in physiological media (e.g., over a period of at least 1 month). These covalently cross-linked films are relatively stable in biological media for prolonged periods, but they begin to physically disintegrate after ≈ 30 days, suggesting opportunities to use this covalent layer-by-layer approach to design functional biointerfaces that ultimately erode or degrade to facilitate elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane L Bechler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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181
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Boudou T, Kharkar P, Jing J, Guillot R, Paintrand I, Auzely-Velty R, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte multilayer nanoshells with hydrophobic nanodomains for delivery of Paclitaxel. J Control Release 2012; 159:403-412. [PMID: 22300622 PMCID: PMC4111540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and effective delivery of poorly water-soluble drug molecules, which constitute a large part of commercially available drugs, is a major challenge in the field of drug delivery. Several drugs including paclitaxel (PTX) which are used for cancer treatment are hydrophobic, exhibit poor aqueous solubility and need to be delivered using an appropriate carrier. In the present work, we engineered PTX-loaded polyelectrolyte films and microcapsules by pre-complexing PTX with chemically modified derivative of hyaluronic acid (alkylamino hydrazide) containing hydrophobic nanocavities, and subsequent assembly with either poly(l-lysine) (PLL) or quaternized chitosan (QCHI) as polycations. The PTX loading capacity of the films was found to be dependent on number of layers in the films as well as on the initial concentration of PTX pre-complexed to hydrophobic HA, with a loading capacity up to 5000-fold the initial PTX concentration. The films were stable in physiological medium and were degraded in the presence of hyaluronidase. The PTX-loaded microcapsules were found to decrease the viability and proliferation of MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells, while unloaded microcapsules did not impact cell viability. All together, our results highlight the potential of hyaluronan-based assemblies containing hydrophobic nanodomains for hydrophobic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boudou
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
| | - Prathamesh Kharkar
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
| | - Jing Jing
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la piscine, Grenoble, France
| | - Raphael Guillot
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Paintrand
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la piscine, Grenoble, France
| | - Rachel Auzely-Velty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la piscine, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
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182
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Schmidt S, Madaboosi N, Uhlig K, Köhler D, Skirtach A, Duschl C, Möhwald H, Volodkin DV. Control of cell adhesion by mechanical reinforcement of soft polyelectrolyte films with nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7249-57. [PMID: 22509757 DOI: 10.1021/la300635z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical cross-linking is the standard approach to tune the mechanical properties of polymer coatings for cell culture applications. Here we show that the elastic modulus of highly swollen polyelectrolyte films composed of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) can be changed by more than 1 order of magnitude by addition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a one-step procedure. This hydrogel-nanoparticle architecture has great potential as a platform for advanced cell engineering application, for example remote release of drugs. As a first step toward utilization of such films for biomedical applications we identify the most favorable polymer/nanoparticle composition for optimized cell adhesion on the films. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) we determine the following surface parameters that are relevant for cell adhesion, i.e., stiffness, roughness, and protein interactions. Optimized cell adhesion is observed for films with an elastic modulus of about 1 MPa and a surface roughness on the order of 30 nm. The analysis further shows that AuNPs are not incorporated in the HA/PLL bulk but form clusters on the film surface. Combined studies of the elastic modulus and surface topography indicate a cluster percolation threshold at a critical surface coverage above which the film stiffness drastically increases. In this context we also discuss changes in film thickness, material density and swelling ratio due to nanoparticle treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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183
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Madaboosi N, Uhlig K, Schmidt S, Jäger MS, Möhwald H, Duschl C, Volodkin DV. Microfluidics meets soft layer-by-layer films: selective cell growth in 3D polymer architectures. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:1434-1436. [PMID: 22382798 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present here the micropatterns of layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled soft films generated using microfluidic platform that can be exploited for selective cell growth. Using this method, the issue of cell adhesion and spreading on soft LbL-derived films, and simultaneous utilisation of such unmodified soft films to exploit their reservoir properties are addressed. This also paves the way for extending the culture of cells to soft films and other demanding applications like triggered release of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Madaboosi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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184
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Lehaf AM, Hariri HH, Schlenoff JB. Homogeneity, modulus, and viscoelasticity of polyelectrolyte multilayers by nanoindentation: refining the buildup mechanism. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6348-55. [PMID: 22480307 PMCID: PMC3328862 DOI: 10.1021/la300482x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy, AFM, and nanoindentation of polyelectrolyte multilayers, PEMUs, made from poly(diallyldimethylammonium), PDADMA, and poly(styrene sulfonate), PSS, provided new insight into their surface morphology and growth mechanism. A strong odd/even alternation of surface modulus revealed greater extrinsic (counterion-balanced) charge compensation for fully hydrated multilayers ending in the polycation, PDADMA. These swings in modulus indicate a much more asymmetric layer-by-layer growth mechanism than previously proposed. Viscoelastic properties of the PEMU, which may contribute to cell response, were highlighted by variable indentation rates and minimized by extrapolating to zero indentation rate, at which point the surface and bulk equilibrium moduli were comparable. Variations in surface composition were probed at high resolution using force mapping, and the surface was found to be uniform, with no evidence of phase separation. AFM comparison of wet and dry films terminated with PSS and PDADMA revealed much greater swelling of the PDADMA-terminated PEMU by water, with collapse of surface roughness features in dry conditions. Dynamic and static contact angle measurements suggested less rearrangement for the glassy PSS surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Lehaf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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185
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Zeng Y, von Klitzing R. Oscillatory forces of nanoparticle suspensions confined between rough surfaces modified with polyelectrolytes via the layer-by-layer technique. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6313-6321. [PMID: 22420681 DOI: 10.1021/la2049822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses the systematic study of surface roughness effects on the internal structuring of silica nanoparticle suspensions under confinement. The confining surfaces are modified by physisorption of layers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes with the so-called layer-by-layer technique. The layer-by-layer technique modifies the surface roughness without changing the surface potential of a multilayer with the same outermost layer, by increasing the number of constituent layers and ionic strength of the polyelectrolyte solutions and by selecting an appropriate pair of polyelectrolytes. The oscillatory forces of nanoparticle suspensions with a particle diameter of 26 nm are measured by a colloidal-probe atomic force microscope (CP-AFM). The characteristic lengths of the oscillatory force, i.e., wavelength, which indicates interparticle distance, and decay length, or particle correlation length, are not affected by the surface roughness. The corresponding reduction in the oscillatory amplitude and the shift in the phase correlate with an increase in surface roughness. Increasing surface roughness further induces a disappearance of the oscillations, and both confining surfaces contribute to the effect of surface roughness on the force reduction. In order to show an oscillatory force, the particles have to show positional correlation over a reasonably long range perpendicular to the surface, and the correlation function should be the same over a larger lateral area. This requires that both the particles and the surfaces have a high degree of order or symmetry; otherwise, the oscillation does not occur. A roughness of a few nanometers on a single surface, which corresponds to about 10% of the nanoparticle diameter, is sufficient to eliminate the oscillatory force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zeng
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institute for Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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186
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Tsai WB, Chen RPY, Wei KL, Tan SF, Lai JY. Modulation of RGD-Functionalized Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Membranes for Promoting Osteoblast Function. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 21:377-94. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x419095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bor Tsai
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Rita Pei-Yeh Chen
- b Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ling Wei
- c Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fang Tan
- d Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- e R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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187
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Lai JY, Ma DHK, Cheng HY, Sun CC, Huang SJ, Li YT, Hsiue GH. Ocular Biocompatibility of Carbodiimide Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Cell Sheet Delivery Carriers. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 21:359-76. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x416980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yang Lai
- a Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China; Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - David Hui-Kang Ma
- b Limbal Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33305, Republic of China; Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Yun Cheng
- c Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Chin Sun
- d Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan 20401, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- e Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- f Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Ging-Ho Hsiue
- g Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
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188
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Zahn R, Thomasson E, Guillaume-Gentil O, Vörös J, Zambelli T. Ion-induced cell sheet detachment from standard cell culture surfaces coated with polyelectrolytes. Biomaterials 2012; 33:3421-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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189
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Nolte A, Hossfeld S, Schroeppel B, Mueller A, Stoll D, Walker T, Wendel HP, Krastev R. Impact of polyelectrolytes and their corresponding multilayers to human primary endothelial cells. J Biomater Appl 2012; 28:84-99. [PMID: 22457040 DOI: 10.1177/0885328212437610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer technique, which allows simple preparation of polyelectrolyte multilayers, came into the focus of research for development of functionalized medical devices. Numerous literature exist that concentrate on the film build-up and the behaviour of cells on polyelectrolyte multilayers. However, in case of very soft polyelectrolyte multilayers, studies of the cell behaviour on these films are sometimes misleading with regard to clinical applications because cells do not die due to cytotoxicity but due to apoptosis by missing cell adhesion. It turns out that the adhesion in vitro, and thus, the viability of cells on polyelectrolyte multilayers is mostly influenced by their mechanical properties. In order to decide, which polyelectrolyte multilayers are suitable for implants, we take this problem into account by putting the substrates with soft films on top of pre-cultured human primary endothelial cells ('reverse assay'). Hence, the present work aims giving a more complete and reliable study of typical polyelectrolyte multilayers with regard to clinical applications. In particular, coatings consisting of hyaluronic acid and chitosan as natural polymers and sulfonated polystyrene and polyallylamine hydrochlorite as synthetic polymers were studied. The adsorption of polyelectrolytes was characterized by physico-chemical methods which show regular buildup. Biological examination of the native or modified polyelectrolyte multilayers was based on their effect to cell adhesion and morphology of endothelial cells by viability assays, immunostaining and scanning electron microscopy. Using the standard method, which is typically applied in literature--seeding cells on top of films--shows that the best adhesion and thus, viability can be achieved using sulfonated polystyrene/polyallylamine hydrochlorite. However, putting the films on top of endothelial cells reveals that hyaluronic acid/chitosan may also be suitable for clinical applications: This result is especially remarkable, since hyaluronic acid and chitosan mediate per se no cytotoxic effects, whereas the individual polyelectrolytes, sulfonated polystyrene and polyallylamine hydrochlorite, and their complexes show slight cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nolte
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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190
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Michel M, Toniazzo V, Ruch D, Ball V. Deposition Mechanisms in Layer-by-Layer or Step-by-Step Deposition Methods: From Elastic and Impermeable Films to Soft Membranes with Ion Exchange Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/701695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The modification of solid-liquid interfaces with polyelectrolyte multilayer films appears as a versatile tool to confer new functionalities to surfaces in environmentally friendly conditions. Indeed such films are deposited by alternate dipping of the substrates in aqueous solutions containing the interacting species or spraying these solutions on the surface of the substrate. Spin coating is more and more used to produce similar films. The aim of this short review article is to provide an unifying picture about the deposition mechanisms of polyelectrolyte multilayer films. Often those films are described as growing either in a linear or in a supralinear growth regime with the number of deposited “layer pairs”. The growth regime of PEM films can be controlled by operational parameters like the temperature or the ionic strength of the used solutions. The control over the growth regime of the films as a function of the number of deposition steps allows to control their functional properties: either hard and impermeable films in the case of linear growth or soft and permeable films in the case of supralinear growth. Such different properties can be obtained with a given combination of interacting species by changing the operational parameters during the film deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Michel
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Valérie Toniazzo
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - David Ruch
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Vincent Ball
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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191
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Gribova V, Auzely-Velty R, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Assemblies on Materials Surfaces: From Cell Adhesion to Tissue Engineering. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012; 24:854-869. [PMID: 25076811 PMCID: PMC4112380 DOI: 10.1021/cm2032459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the bulk and surface properties of materials is a real challenge for bioengineers working in the fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering and biophysics. The layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method, introduced 20 years ago, consists in the alternate adsorption of polyelectrolytes that self-organize on the material's surface, leading to the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films.1 Because of its simplicity and versatility, the procedure has led to considerable developments of biological applications within the past 5 years. In this review, we focus our attention on the design of PEM films as surface coatings for applications in the field of physical properties that have emerged as being key points in relation to biological processes. The numerous possibilities for adjusting the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of PEM films have fostered studies on the influence of these parameters on cellular behaviors. Importantly, PEM have emerged as a powerful tool for the immobilization of biomolecules with preserved bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Gribova
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with University Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Rachel Auzely-Velty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with University Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
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192
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Broderick AH, Lockett MR, Buck ME, Yuan Y, Smith LM, Lynn DM. In situ Synthesis of Oligonucleotide Arrays on Surfaces Coated with Crosslinked Polymer Multilayers. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012; 24:939-945. [PMID: 22611305 PMCID: PMC3352262 DOI: 10.1021/cm202720q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report an approach to the in situ synthesis of oligonucleotide arrays on surfaces coated with crosslinked polymer multilayers. Our approach makes use of methods for the 'reactive' layer-by-layer assembly of thin, amine-reactive multilayers using branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the azlactone-functionalized polymer poly(2-vinyl-4,4'-dimethylazlactone) (PVDMA). Post-fabrication treatment of film-coated glass substrates with d-glucamine or 4-amino-1-butanol yielded hydroxyl-functionalized films suitable for the Maskless Array Synthesis (MAS) of oligonucleotide arrays. Glucamine-functionalized films yielded arrays of oligonucleotides with fluorescence intensities and signal-to-noise ratios (after hybridization with fluorescently labeled complementary strands) comparable to those of arrays fabricated on conventional silanized glass substrates. These arrays could be exposed to multiple hybridization-dehybridization cycles with only moderate loss of hybridization density. The versatility of the layer-by-layer approach also permitted synthesis directly on thin sheets of film-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) to yield flexible oligonucleotide arrays that could be readily manipulated (e.g., bent) and cut into smaller arrays. To our knowledge, this work presents the first use of polymer multilayers as a substrate for the multi-step synthesis of complex molecules. Our results demonstrate that these films are robust and able to withstand the ~450 individual chemical processing steps associated with MAS (as well as manipulations required to hybridize, image, and dehybridize the arrays) without large-scale cracking, peeling, or delamination of the thin films. The combination of layer-by-layer assembly and MAS provides a means of fabricating functional oligonucleotide arrays on a range of different materials and substrates. This approach may also prove useful for the fabrication of supports for the solid-phase synthesis and screening of other macromolecular or small-molecule agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Broderick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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193
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Zahn R, Coullerez G, Vörös J, Zambelli T. Effect of polyelectrolyte interdiffusion on electron transport in redox-active polyelectrolyte multilayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30469d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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194
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Yang YH, Bolling L, Haile M, Grunlan JC. Improving oxygen barrier and reducing moisture sensitivity of weak polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films with crosslinking. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21845c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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195
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Ramanathan M, Kilbey, II SM, Ji Q, Hill JP, Ariga K. Materials self-assembly and fabrication in confined spaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16629a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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196
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Holmes CA, Tabrizian M. Enhanced MC3T3 preosteoblast viability and adhesion on polyelectrolyte multilayer films composed of glycol-modified chitosan and hyaluronic acid. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 100:518-26. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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197
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Martinez JS, Keller TCS, Schlenoff JB. Cytotoxicity of free versus multilayered polyelectrolytes. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:4063-70. [PMID: 22026411 PMCID: PMC3216489 DOI: 10.1021/bm201142x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of polyelectrolytes commonly employed for layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) was assessed using rat smooth muscle A7r5 and human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Cell growth, viability, and metabolic assays were used to compare the responses of both cell lines to poly(acrylic acid), PAA, and poly(allylamine hydrochloride), PAH, in solution at concentrations up to 10 mM and to varying thicknesses of (PAA/PAH) PEMUs. Cytotoxicity correlated with increasing concentration of solution polyelectrolytes for both cell types and was greater for the positively charged PAH than for the negatively charged PAA. While metabolism and proliferation of both cell types was slower on PEMUs than on tissue culture plastic, little evidence for direct toxicity on cells was observed. In fact, evidence for more extensive adhesion and cytoskeletal organization was observed with PAH-terminated PEMUs. Differences in cell activity and viability on different thickness PEMU surfaces resulted primarily from differences in attachment for these adhesion-dependent cell lines.
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198
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Kocgozlu L, Rabineau M, Koenig G, Haikel Y, Schaaf P, Freund JN, Voegel JC, Lavalle P, Vautier D. The control of chromosome segregation during mitosis in epithelial cells by substrate elasticity. Biomaterials 2011; 33:798-809. [PMID: 22041225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Materials of defined elasticity, including synthetic material scaffolds and tissue-derived matrices, can regulate biological responses of cells and in particular adhesion, migration, growth and differentiation which are essential parameters for tissue integration. These responses have been extensively investigated in interphase cells, but little is known whether and how material elasticity affects mitotic cells. We used polyelectrolyte multilayer films as model substrates with elastic modulus ranging from Eap = 0 up to Eap = 500 kPa and mitotic PtK2 epithelial cells to address these important questions. Soft substrates (Eap < 50 kPa) led to abnormal morphology in chromosome segregation, materialized by chromatin bridges and chromosome lagging. Frequency of these damages increased with decreasing substrate stiffness and was correlated with a pro-apoptotic phenotype. Mitotic spindle was not observed on soft substrates where formation of chromatin damages is due to low β1-integrin engagement and decrease of Rac1 activities. This work constitutes the first evidence that soft substrates hinder epithelial cell division. In perspective, our findings emphasize the prime incidence of the material elasticity on the fate of the phenotype, especially of stem cells in the mitotic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Kocgozlu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 977, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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199
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Trenkenschuh K, Erath J, Kuznetsov V, Gensel J, Boulmedais F, Schaaf P, Papastavrou G, Fery A. Tuning of the Elastic Modulus of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films built up from Polyanions Mixture. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201974g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Trenkenschuh
- Department of Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - J. Erath
- Department of Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - V. Kuznetsov
- Department of Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - J. Gensel
- Department of Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - F. Boulmedais
- Institut Charles Sadron, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UPR 22), Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - P. Schaaf
- Institut Charles Sadron, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UPR 22), Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
- Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- International Center for Frontier Research in Chemistry, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - G. Papastavrou
- Department of Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - A. Fery
- Department of Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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200
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Gribova V, Crouzier T, Picart C. A material's point of view on recent developments of polymeric biomaterials: control of mechanical and biochemical properties. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2011; 21:14354-14366. [PMID: 25067892 PMCID: PMC4111539 DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to a variety of stimuli, including biochemical, topographical and mechanical signals originating from their micro-environment. Cell responses to the mechanical properties of their substrates have been increasingly studied for about 14 years. To this end, several types of materials based on synthetic and natural polymers have been developed. Presentation of biochemical ligands to the cells is also important to provide additional functionalities or more selectivity in the details of cell/material interaction. In this review article, we will emphasize the development of synthetic and natural polymeric materials with well-characterized and tunable mechanical properties. We will also highlight how biochemical signals can be presented to the cells by combining them with these biomaterials. Such developments in materials science are not only important for fundamental biophysical studies on cell/material interactions but also for the design of a new generation of advanced and highly functional biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Gribova
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel 38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel 38016 Grenoble, France
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