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Zhu G, Meng L, Ye M, Yang L, Sefah K, O’Donoghue MB, Chen Y, Xiong X, Huang J, Song E, Tan W. Self-assembled aptamer-based drug carriers for bispecific cytotoxicity to cancer cells. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1630-6. [PMID: 22492537 PMCID: PMC3475610 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Monovalent aptamers can deliver drugs to target cells by specific recognition. However, different cancer subtypes are distinguished by heterogeneous biomarkers and one single aptamer is unable to recognize all clinical samples from different patients with even the same type of cancers. To address heterogeneity among cancer subtypes for targeted drug delivery, as a model, we developed a drug carrier with a broader recognition range of cancer subtypes. This carrier, sgc8c-sgd5a (SD), was self-assembled from two modified monovalent aptamers. It showed bispecific recognition abilities to target cells in cell mixtures; thus broadening the recognition capabilities of its parent aptamers. The self-assembly of SD simultaneously formed multiple drug loading sites for the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox). The Dox-loaded SD (SD-Dox) also showed bispecific abilities for target cell binding and drug delivery. Most importantly, SD-Dox induced bispecific cytotoxicity in target cells in cell mixtures. Therefore, by broadening the otherwise limited recognition capabilities of monovalent aptamers, bispecific aptamer-based drug carriers would facilitate aptamer applications for clinically heterogeneous cancer subtypes that respond to the same cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhi Zhu
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
| | - Ling Meng
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
| | - Mao Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
| | - Kwame Sefah
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
| | - Meghan B. O’Donoghue
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
| | - Yan Chen
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Xiong
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
| | - Jin Huang
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis of the Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 (USA), Fax: (+ 1) 352-846-2410
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152
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Donner JS, Thompson SA, Kreuzer MP, Baffou G, Quidant R. Mapping intracellular temperature using green fluorescent protein. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:2107-11. [PMID: 22394124 DOI: 10.1021/nl300389y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heat is of fundamental importance in many cellular processes such as cell metabolism, cell division and gene expression. (1-3) Accurate and noninvasive monitoring of temperature changes in individual cells could thus help clarify intricate cellular processes and develop new applications in biology and medicine. Here we report the use of green fluorescent proteins (GFP) as thermal nanoprobes suited for intracellular temperature mapping. Temperature probing is achieved by monitoring the fluorescence polarization anisotropy of GFP. The method is tested on GFP-transfected HeLa and U-87 MG cancer cell lines where we monitored the heat delivery by photothermal heating of gold nanorods surrounding the cells. A spatial resolution of 300 nm and a temperature accuracy of about 0.4 °C are achieved. Benefiting from its full compatibility with widely used GFP-transfected cells, this approach provides a noninvasive tool for fundamental and applied research in areas ranging from molecular biology to therapeutic and diagnostic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon S Donner
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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153
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Christensen J, Manjavacas A, Thongrattanasiri S, Koppens FHL, de Abajo FJG. Graphene plasmon waveguiding and hybridization in individual and paired nanoribbons. ACS NANO 2012; 6:431-40. [PMID: 22147667 DOI: 10.1021/nn2037626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmons in doped graphene exhibit relatively large confinement and long lifetime compared to noble-metal plasmons. Here, we study the propagation properties of plasmons guided along individual and interacting graphene nanoribbons. Besides their tunability via electrostatic gating, an additional handle to control these excitations is provided by the dielectric environment and the relative arrangement of the interacting waveguides. Plasmon interaction and hybridization in pairs of neighboring aligned ribbons are shown to be strong enough to produce dramatic modifications in the plasmon field profiles. We introduce a universal scaling law that considerably simplifies the analysis an understanding of these plasmons. Our work provides the building blocks to construct graphene plasmon circuits for future compact plasmon devices with potential application to optical signal processing, infrared sensing, and quantum information technology.
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156
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Prosser BL, Ward CW, Lederer WJ, Muzykantov VR, Tsourkas A, Chung W, Croft GF, Saphier G, Leibel R, Goland R, Wichterle H, Henderson CE, Eggan K. X-ROS signaling: rapid mechano-chemo transduction in heart. Science 2011. [PMID: 8493574 DOI: 10.1126/science] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report that in heart cells, physiologic stretch rapidly activates reduced-form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a process dependent on microtubules (X-ROS signaling). ROS production occurs in the sarcolemmal and t-tubule membranes where NOX2 is located and sensitizes nearby ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This triggers a burst of Ca(2+) sparks, the elementary Ca(2+) release events in heart. Although this stretch-dependent "tuning" of RyRs increases Ca(2+) signaling sensitivity in healthy cardiomyocytes, in disease it enables Ca(2+) sparks to trigger arrhythmogenic Ca(2+) waves. In the mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hyperactive X-ROS signaling contributes to cardiomyopathy through aberrant Ca(2+) release from the SR. X-ROS signaling thus provides a mechanistic explanation for the mechanotransduction of Ca(2+) release in the heart and offers fresh therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Prosser
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology (BioMET), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA
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