151
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Li C, Luo S, Wang J, Shen Z, Wu ZS. Nuclease-resistant signaling nanostructures made entirely of DNA oligonucleotides. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7034-7051. [PMID: 33889882 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00197c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid probes have the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, versatile functionalities and remarkable programmability. However, the low biostability of nucleic acid probes under complex physiological conditions limits their in vivo application. Despite impressive progress in the development of inorganic material-mediated biostable nucleic acid nanostructures, uncertain systemic toxicity of composite nanocarriers has hindered their application in living organisms. In the field of biomedicine, as a promising alternative capable of avoiding potential cytotoxicity, biologically stable nanostructures composed entirely of DNA oligonucleotides have been rapidly developed in recent years, offering an exciting in vivo tool for cancer diagnosis and clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the development of nuclease-resistant DNA nanostructures with different geometrical shapes, such as tetrahedron, octahedron, DNA triangular prism (DTP), DNA nanotubes and DNA origami, introduce innovative assembly strategies, and discuss unique structural advantages and especially biological applications in cellular imaging and targeted drug delivery in an organism. Finally, we conclude with the challenges in the clinical development of DNA nanostructures and present an outlook of the future of this rapidly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China.
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152
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He S, Liu M, Yin F, Liu J, Ge Z, Li F, Li M, Shi J, Wang L, Mao X, Zuo X, Li Q. Programming folding cooperativity of the dimeric i-motif with DNA frameworks for sensing small pH variations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3247-3250. [PMID: 33646233 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00266j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The response sensitivity of a molecular sensor is determined by the folding cooperativity of its responsive module. Using an H+-responsive dimeric DNA i-motif as a model, we demonstrate the enhancement of its folding cooperativity through preorganization by a DNA framework, and with it we fabricate robust intracellular pH sensors with high response sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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153
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He L, Mu J, Gang O, Chen X. Rationally Programming Nanomaterials with DNA for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003775. [PMID: 33898180 PMCID: PMC8061415 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA is not only a carrier of genetic information, but also a versatile structural tool for the engineering and self-assembling of nanostructures. In this regard, the DNA template has dramatically enhanced the scalability, programmability, and functionality of the self-assembled DNA nanostructures. These capabilities provide opportunities for a wide range of biomedical applications in biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and disease therapy. In this review, the importance and advantages of DNA for programming and fabricating of DNA nanostructures are first highlighted. The recent progress in design and construction of DNA nanostructures are then summarized, including DNA conjugated nanoparticle systems, DNA-based clusters and extended organizations, and DNA origami-templated assemblies. An overview on biomedical applications of the self-assembled DNA nanostructures is provided. Finally, the conclusion and perspectives on the self-assembled DNA nanostructures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangcan He
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
| | - Jing Mu
- Institute of Precision MedicinePeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518036China
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA
- Center for Functional NanomaterialsBrookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY11973USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
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154
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Wang J, Yu S, Wu Q, Gong X, He S, Shang J, Liu X, Wang F. A Self‐Catabolic Multifunctional DNAzyme Nanosponge for Programmable Drug Delivery and Efficient Gene Silencing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10766-10774. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing Ministry of Agriculture 430062 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shizhen He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Fuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
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155
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Wang J, Yu S, Wu Q, Gong X, He S, Shang J, Liu X, Wang F. A Self‐Catabolic Multifunctional DNAzyme Nanosponge for Programmable Drug Delivery and Efficient Gene Silencing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing Ministry of Agriculture 430062 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shizhen He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Fuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
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156
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Li X, Xu F, Yang D, Wang P. A DNA-binding, albumin-targeting fusion protein promotes the cellular uptake and bioavailability of framework DNA nanostructures. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6038-6042. [PMID: 33885601 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07967g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Framework DNA nanostructures exhibit unique characteristics such as precisely controllable physicochemical properties (i.e. size, shape, and surface functionality) and have been used as carriers for the delivery of a variety of therapeutics. Nevertheless, pristine DNA nanostructures encounter challenges such as low cellular uptake efficiency and short in vivo retention time that largely hinder their biomedical applications. Here in this report, a fusion protein is designed to complex with a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) to circumvent these challenges by recruiting serum albumins. This bi-functional fusion protein (ABS) is composed of an albumin-binding domain (ABD) and a DNA-binding domain (Sso-7d), which can serve as a linker to bridge the TDN with albumin. It was revealed that ABS-tethered TDN can readily recruit serum albumins to achieve significantly enhanced uptake in cancer cells and longer retention time in mice, suggesting that ABS may serve as a potent agent to facilitate the biological applications of DNA nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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157
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Arulkumaran N, Lanphere C, Gaupp C, Burns JR, Singer M, Howorka S. DNA Nanodevices with Selective Immune Cell Interaction and Function. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4394-4404. [PMID: 33492943 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology produces precision nanostructures of defined chemistry. Expanding their use in biomedicine requires designed biomolecular interaction and function. Of topical interest are DNA nanostructures that function as vaccines with potential advantages over nonstructured nucleic acids in terms of serum stability and selective interaction with human immune cells. Here, we describe how compact DNA nanobarrels bind with a 400-fold selectivity via membrane anchors to white blood immune cells over erythrocytes, without affecting cell viability. The selectivity is based on the preference of the cholesterol lipid anchor for the more fluid immune cell membranes compared to the lower membrane fluidity of erythrocytes. Compacting DNA into the nanostructures gives rise to increased serum stability. The DNA barrels furthermore functionally modulate white blood cells by suppressing the immune response to pro-inflammatory endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. This is likely due to electrostatic or steric blocking of toll-like receptors on white blood cells. Our findings on immune cell-specific DNA nanostructures may be applied for vaccine development, immunomodulatory therapy to suppress septic shock, or the targeting of bioactive substances to immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishkantha Arulkumaran
- Division of Medicine, Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Conor Lanphere
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Gaupp
- Division of Medicine, Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Division of Medicine, Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Howorka
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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158
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Lacroix A, Sleiman HF. DNA Nanostructures: Current Challenges and Opportunities for Cellular Delivery. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3631-3645. [PMID: 33635620 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has produced a wide range of self-assembled structures, offering unmatched possibilities in terms of structural design. Because of their programmable assembly and precise control of size, shape, and function, DNA particles can be used for numerous biological applications, including imaging, sensing, and drug delivery. While the biocompatibility, programmability, and ease of synthesis of nucleic acids have rapidly made them attractive building blocks, many challenges remain to be addressed before using them in biological conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis, low cellular uptake, immune cell recognition and degradation, and unclear biodistribution profiles are yet to be solved. Rigorous methodologies are needed to study, understand, and control the fate of self-assembled DNA structures in physiological conditions. In this review, we describe the current challenges faced by the field as well as recent successes, highlighting the potential to solve biology problems or develop smart drug delivery tools. We then propose an outlook to drive the translation of DNA constructs toward preclinical design. We particularly believe that a detailed understanding of the fate of DNA nanostructures within living organisms, achieved through thorough characterization, is the next required step to reach clinical maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Lacroix
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Hanadi F Sleiman
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
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159
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Ahn SY, Liu J, Vellampatti S, Wu Y, Um SH. DNA Transformations for Diagnosis and Therapy. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2008279. [PMID: 33613148 PMCID: PMC7883235 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202008279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique physical and chemical characteristics, DNA, which is known only as genetic information, has been identified and utilized as a new material at an astonishing rate. The role of DNA has increased dramatically with the advent of various DNA derivatives such as DNA-RNA, DNA-metal hybrids, and PNA, which can be organized into 2D or 3D structures by exploiting their complementary recognition. Due to its intrinsic biocompatibility, self-assembly, tunable immunogenicity, structural programmability, long stability, and electron-rich nature, DNA has generated major interest in electronic and catalytic applications. Based on its advantages, DNA and its derivatives are utilized in several fields where the traditional methodologies are ineffective. Here, the present challenges and opportunities of DNA transformations are demonstrated, especially in biomedical applications that include diagnosis and therapy. Natural DNAs previously utilized and transformed into patterns are not found in nature due to lack of multiplexing, resulting in low sensitivity and high error frequency in multi-targeted therapeutics. More recently, new platforms have advanced the diagnostic ability and therapeutic efficacy of DNA in biomedicine. There is confidence that DNA will play a strong role in next-generation clinical technology and can be used in multifaceted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Ahn
- School of Chemical EngineeringSungkyunkwan University2066, Seobu‐ro, Jangan‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Jin Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia MedicaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu LoadWuhan430074China
| | - Srivithya Vellampatti
- Institute of Convergent Chemical Engineering and TechnologySungkyunkwan University2066, Seobu‐ro, Jangan‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
- Present address:
Progeneer, Inc.#1002, 12, Digital‐ro 31‐gil, Guro‐guSeoul08380Korea
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia MedicaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu LoadWuhan430074China
| | - Soong Ho Um
- School of Chemical EngineeringSKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT)Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS) and Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB)Sungkyunkwan University2066, Seobu‐ro, Jangan‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
- Progeneer Inc.#1002, 12, Digital‐ro 31‐gil, Guro‐guSeoul08380Korea
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160
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Copp W, Pontarelli A, Wilds CJ. Recent Advances of DNA Tetrahedra for Therapeutic Delivery and Biosensing. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2237-2246. [PMID: 33506614 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The chemical and self-assembly properties of nucleic acids make them ideal for the construction of discrete structures and stimuli-responsive devices for a diverse array of applications. Amongst the various three-dimensional assemblies, DNA tetrahedra are of particular interest, as these structures have been shown to be readily taken up by the cell, by the process of caveolin-mediated endocytosis, without the need for transfection agents. Moreover, these structures can be readily modified with a diverse range of pendant groups to confer greater functionality. This minireview highlights recent advances related to applications of this interesting DNA structure including the delivery of therapeutic agents ranging from small molecules to oligonucleotides in addition to its use for sensing and imaging various species within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Copp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Alexander Pontarelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Christopher J Wilds
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada
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161
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Smith DM, Keller A. DNA Nanostructures in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2000049. [PMID: 33615315 PMCID: PMC7883073 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, humanity has been threatened by countless epidemic and pandemic outbreaks of infectious diseases, from the Justinianic Plague to the Spanish flu to COVID-19. While numerous antimicrobial and antiviral drugs have been developed over the last 200 years to face these threats, the globalized and highly connected world of the 21st century demands for an ever-increasing efficiency in the detection and treatment of infectious diseases. Consequently, the rapidly evolving field of nanomedicine has taken up the challenge and developed a plethora of strategies to fight infectious diseases with the help of various nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles, liposomes, nanogels, and virus capsids. DNA nanotechnology represents a comparatively recent addition to the nanomedicine arsenal, which, over the past decade, has made great progress in the area of cancer diagnostics and therapy. However, the past few years have seen also an increasing number of DNA nanotechnology-related studies that particularly focus on the detection and inhibition of microbial and viral pathogens. Herein, a brief overview of this rather young research field is provided, successful concepts as well as potential challenges are identified, and promising directions for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Smith
- DNA Nanodevices UnitDepartment DiagnosticsFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI04103LeipzigGermany
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter PhysicsFaculty of Physics and Earth SciencesUniversity of Leipzig04103LeipzigGermany
- Institute of Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical School04103LeipzigGermany
- Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication TechnologyGandhinagar382 007India
| | - Adrian Keller
- Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Str. 10033098PaderbornGermany
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162
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Wei M, Li S, Yang Z, Cheng C, Li T, Le W. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures functionalized by multivalent microRNA132 antisense oligonucleotides promote the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into dopaminergic neurons. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:102375. [PMID: 33617970 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA132 (miR132) negatively regulates the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons; in contrast, antisense oligonucleotide against miR132 (miR132-ASO) effectively blocks the activity of endogenous miR132 and thereafter promotes the differentiation of DAergic neurons. However, it is difficult for miR132-ASO to enter cells without a suitable delivery system. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs), as a new type of DNA-based nanocarrier, have great potential in biomedical applications and even have been reported to promote stem cell differentiation. In this study, we developed functional multivalent DNA nanostructures by appending miR132-ASO motifs to three-dimensional TDNs (miR132-ASO-TDNs). Our data clearly revealed that miR132-ASO-TDNs exposure can promote the differentiation of ESCs into DAergic neurons as well as elevate DA release from differentiated DAergic neurons. MiR132-ASO-TDNs could serve as a novel biofunctional nanomaterial to improve the efficiency of DAergic neurons differentiation. Our findings may also provide a new approach for stem cell therapy against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofei Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianbai Li
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Le
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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163
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Vázquez-González M, Willner I. Aptamer-Functionalized Hybrid Nanostructures for Sensing, Drug Delivery, Catalysis and Mechanical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1803. [PMID: 33670386 PMCID: PMC7918352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequence-specific nucleic acids exhibiting selective recognition properties towards low-molecular-weight substrates and macromolecules (aptamers) find growing interest as functional biopolymers for analysis, medical applications such as imaging, drug delivery and even therapeutic agents, nanotechnology, material science and more. The present perspective article introduces a glossary of examples for diverse applications of aptamers mainly originated from our laboratory. These include the introduction of aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials such as graphene oxide, Ag nanoclusters and semiconductor quantum dots as functional hybrid nanomaterials for optical sensing of target analytes. The use of aptamer-functionalized DNA tetrahedra nanostructures for multiplex analysis and aptamer-loaded metal-organic framework nanoparticles acting as sense-and-treat are introduced. Aptamer-functionalized nano and microcarriers are presented as stimuli-responsive hybrid drug carriers for controlled and targeted drug release, including aptamer-functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles, carbon dots, metal-organic frameworks and microcapsules. A further application of aptamers involves the conjugation of aptamers to catalytic units as a means to mimic enzyme functions "nucleoapzymes". In addition, the formation and dissociation of aptamer-ligand complexes are applied to develop mechanical molecular devices and to switch nanostructures such as origami scaffolds. Finally, the article discusses future challenges in applying aptamers in material science, nanotechnology and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Vázquez-González
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Itamar Willner
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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164
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Wang S, Liu Z, Tong Y, Zhai Y, Zhao X, Yue X, Qiao Y, Liu Y, Yin Y, Xi R, Zhao W, Meng M. Improved cancer phototheranostic efficacy of hydrophobic IR780 via parenteral route by association with tetrahedral nanostructured DNA. J Control Release 2021; 330:483-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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165
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Mollarasouli F, Badilli U, Bakirhan NK, Ozkan SA, Ozkan Y. Advanced DNA nanomachines: Strategies and bioapplications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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166
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Zhou Z, Fan D, Wang J, Sohn YS, Nechushtai R, Willner I. Triggered Dimerization and Trimerization of DNA Tetrahedra for Multiplexed miRNA Detection and Imaging of Cancer Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007355. [PMID: 33470517 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The reversible and switchable triggered reconfiguration of tetrahedra nanostructures from monomer tetrahedra structures into dimer or trimer structures is introduced. The triggered bridging of monomer tetrahedra by K+ -ion-stabilized G-quadruplexes or T-A•T triplexes leads to dimer or trimer tetrahedra structures that are separated by crown ether or basic pH conditions, respectively. The signal-triggered dimerization/trimerization of DNA tetrahedra structures is used to develop multiplexed miRNA-sensing platforms, and the tetrahedra mixture is used for intracellular sensing and imaging of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhou
- Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Daoqing Fan
- Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Jianbang Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Yang Sung Sohn
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Rachel Nechushtai
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Itamar Willner
- Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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167
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168
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Bhatia D, Wunder C, Johannes L. Self-assembled, Programmable DNA Nanodevices for Biological and Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2021; 22:763-778. [PMID: 32961015 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The broad field of structural DNA nanotechnology has diverged into various areas of applications ranging from computing, photonics, synthetic biology, and biosensing to in-vivo bioimaging and therapeutic delivery, to name but a few. Though the field began to exploit DNA to build various nanoscale architectures, it has now taken a new path to diverge from structural DNA nanotechnology to functional or applied DNA nanotechnology. More recently a third sub-branch has emerged-biologically oriented DNA nanotechnology, which seeks to explore the functionalities of combinatorial DNA devices in various biological systems. In this review, we summarize the key developments in DNA nanotechnology revealing a current trend that merges the functionality of DNA devices with the specificity of biomolecules to access a range of functions in biological systems. This review seeks to provide a perspective on the evolution and biological applications of DNA nanotechnology, where the integration of DNA structures with biomolecules can now uncover phenomena of interest to biologists and biomedical scientists. Finally, we conclude with the challenges, limitations, and perspectives of DNA nanodevices in fundamental and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, 382330, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Christian Wunder
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery Team U1143 INSERM UMR 3666 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery Team U1143 INSERM UMR 3666 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
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169
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Li F, Li J, Dong B, Wang F, Fan C, Zuo X. DNA nanotechnology-empowered nanoscopic imaging of biomolecules. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5650-5667. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01281e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has led to the rise of DNA nanostructures, which possess programmable shapes and are capable of organizing different functional molecules and materials. A variety of DNA nanostructure-based imaging probes have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Department of Urology
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
| | - Jiang Li
- Bioimaging Center
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- Zhangjiang Laboratory
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Baijun Dong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Department of Urology
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
| | - Fei Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Department of Urology
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Department of Urology
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
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170
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Huang X, Blum NT, Lin J, Shi J, Zhang C, Huang P. Chemotherapeutic drug-DNA hybrid nanostructures for anti-tumor therapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:78-101. [PMID: 34821291 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh00715c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Compared to traditional drug delivery systems, DNA nanostructure-based drug delivery systems have several advantages including programmable sequences, precise size and shape, high drug payloads, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. To date, a wide range of chemotherapeutic drug-DNA hybrid nanostructures have been developed for anti-tumor therapy. In this review, the constructions of various DNA nanostructures for anticancer drug delivery are firstly summarized. Next, the anticancer drug loading methods for DNA nanostructures are presented. Then, the recent applications of chemotherapeutic drug-DNA hybrid nanostructures for drug delivery are highlighted. In the end, the challenges and opportunities of the chemotherapeutic drug-DNA hybrid nanostructure-based delivery system are discussed. The designs of drug-DNA hybrid systems, including the constructions of nanostructures and the strategies for drug loading, largely influence the efficiency of drug delivery. Recent studies have focused on the development of novel drug-DNA hybrid systems to acquire more precise and efficient therapy for various diseases. A systematic review of the design strategies of chemotherapeutic drug-DNA hybrid nanostructures will benefit the innovation and development of the chemotherapeutic drug-based chemotherapy in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangang Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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171
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Wang J, Li Y, Nie G. Multifunctional biomolecule nanostructures for cancer therapy. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2021; 6:766-783. [PMID: 34026278 PMCID: PMC8132739 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecule-based nanostructures are inherently multifunctional and harbour diverse biological activities, which can be explored for cancer nanomedicine. The supramolecular properties of biomolecules can be precisely programmed for the design of smart drug delivery vehicles, enabling efficient transport in vivo, targeted drug delivery and combinatorial therapy within a single design. In this Review, we discuss biomolecule-based nanostructures, including polysaccharides, nucleic acids, peptides and proteins, and highlight their enormous design space for multifunctional nanomedicines. We identify key challenges in cancer nanomedicine that can be addressed by biomolecule-based nanostructures and survey the distinct biological activities, programmability and in vivo behaviour of biomolecule-based nanostructures. Finally, we discuss challenges in the rational design, characterization and fabrication of biomolecule-based nanostructures, and identify obstacles that need to be overcome to enable clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiye Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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172
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Tuning G-Quadruplex Nanostructures with Lipids. Towards Designing Hybrid Scaffolds for Oligonucleotide Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010121. [PMID: 33374392 PMCID: PMC7796380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two G-quadruplex forming oligonucleotides [d(TG4T)4 and d(TG6T)4] were selected as two tetramolecular quadruplex nanostructures because of their demonstrated ability to be modified with hydrophobic molecules. This allowed us to synthesize two series of G-quadruplex conjugates that differed in the number of G-tetrads, as well as in the terminal position of the lipid modification. Both solution and solid-phase syntheses were carried out to yield the corresponding lipid oligonucleotide conjugates modified at their 3′- and 5′-termini, respectively. Biophysical studies confirmed that the presence of saturated alkyl chains with different lengths did not affect the G-quadruplex integrity, but increased the stability. Next, the G-quadruplex domain was added to an 18-mer antisense oligonucleotide. Gene silencing studies confirmed the ability of such G-rich oligonucleotides to facilitate the inhibition of target Renilla luciferase without showing signs of toxicity in tumor cell lines.
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173
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Jiang Y, Kong X, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Zhou H, Zhang S. DNA Nanodevices for Base Excision Repair Regulates ATP In Situ Imaging and Tumor Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8507-8514. [PMID: 35019620 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The design of DNA nanodevices has attracted broad attention in detecting specific targets and targeted drug delivery capacities of tumor cells. Here, we report the facile fluorometric method of dual-targeting DNA nanodevices for base excision repair (BER) regulates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in situ imaging and tumor therapy that can counteract the mutagenic effects of uracil (U) on ATP aptamer based on the binding of U-containing damaged ATP aptamer. We prove that the DNA nanodevices not only effectively deliver the aptamer probe and tumor therapy but also able to analyze the overexpression of APE1 and uracil-DNA glycosylases (UDG) in the BER pathway via ATP in situ imaging in tumor cells. Therefore, the DNA nanodevices of the BER pathway provide the potential for tumor theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjuan Kong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Yanxialei Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
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174
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Yang L, Liang M, Cui C, Li X, Li L, Pan X, Yazd HS, Hong M, Lu J, Cao YC, Tan W. Enhancing the Nucleolytic Resistance and Bioactivity of Functional Nucleic Acids by Diverse Nanostructures through in Situ Polymerization-Induced Self-assembly. Chembiochem 2020; 22:754-759. [PMID: 33051959 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) are garnering tremendous interest owing to their high modularity and unique bioactivity. Three-dimensional FNAs have been developed to overcome the issues of nuclease degradation and limited cell uptake. We have developed a new facile approach to the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional FNA nanostructures by harnessing photo-polymerization-induced self-assembly. Sgc8 aptamer and CpG oligonucleotide were modified as macro chain-transfer reagents to mediate in situ polymerization and self-assembly. Diverse structures, including micelles, rods, and short worms, afford these two FNAs afford these two FNAs with higher nuclease resistance in serum serum, greater cellular uptake efficiency, and increased bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Mingwei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UF Health Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Cheng Cui
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Long Li
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Xiaoshu Pan
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Hoda Safari Yazd
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Min Hong
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Jianrong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UF Health Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Y Charles Cao
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China.,The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Tumor Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, P. R. China
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175
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Zeng Y, Nixon RL, Liu W, Wang R. The applications of functionalized DNA nanostructures in bioimaging and cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120560. [PMID: 33285441 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecular carrier of genetic information that can be fabricated into functional nanomaterials in biochemistry and engineering fields. Those DNA nanostructures, synthesized via Watson-Crick base pairing, show a wide range of attributes along with excellent applicability, precise programmability, and extremely low cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the applications of functionalized DNA nanostructures in bioimaging and tumor therapy are summarized. We focused on approaches involving DNA origami nanostructures due to their widespread use in previous and current reports. Non-DNA origami nanostructures such as DNA tetrahedrons are also covered. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives regarding DNA nanostructures in the biomedical arena are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, PR China.
| | - Rachel L Nixon
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA
| | - Wenyan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA; Center for Research in Energy and Environment, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA
| | - Risheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA.
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176
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Chen B, Mei L, Wang Y, Guo G. Advances in intelligent DNA nanomachines for targeted cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:1018-1029. [PMID: 33217344 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging field, DNA nanotechnology has been applied to the fabrication of drug delivery systems. Unprecedented spatial addressability and intrinsic sequence encoding enable DNA strands to self-assemble into well-defined 2D and 3D DNA nanostructures with specifically controlled sizes, shapes and surface charges. Multifunctional DNA nanostructures have been created and applied as promising platforms for drug delivery, imaging, and theranostics. Advantages of chemotherapy, gene therapy, and immunotherapy, among others, have been integrated into such functional nanodevices, showing potential in tumor-targeted therapy and diagnosis. In this review, we summarize general methods for the construction of DNA nanodevices and focus on targeting strategies favored by the compatibility of DNA nanotechnology. Additionally, we highlight the outlook and challenges facing the use of DNA nanotechnology in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lan Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuelong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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177
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Rajwar A, Kharbanda S, Chandrasekaran AR, Gupta S, Bhatia D. Designer, Programmable 3D DNA Nanodevices to Probe Biological Systems. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7265-7277. [PMID: 35019470 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology is a unique field that provides simple yet robust design techniques for self-assembling nanoarchitectures with extremely high potential for biomedical applications. Though the field began to exploit DNA to build various nanoscale structures, it has now taken a different path, diverging from the creation of complex structures to functional DNA nanodevices that explore various biological systems and mechanisms. Here, we present a brief overview of DNA nanotechnology, summarizing the key strategies for construction of various DNA nanodevices, with special focus on three-dimensional (3D) nanocages or polyhedras. We then discuss biological applications of 3D DNA nanocages, particularly tetrahedral DNA cages, in their ability to program and modulate cellular systems, in biosensing, and as tools for targeted therapeutics. We conclude with a final discussion on challenges and perspectives of 3D DNA nanodevices in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Rajwar
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sumit Kharbanda
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
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178
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Li H, Fan J, Buhl EM, Huo S, Loznik M, Göstl R, Herrmann A. DNA hybridization as a general method to enhance the cellular uptake of nanostructures. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21299-21305. [PMID: 33064117 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02405h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biomedical application of nanoparticles (NPs) for diagnosis and therapy is considerably stalled by their inefficient cellular internalization. Many strategies to overcome this obstacle have been developed but are not generally applicable to different NP systems, consequently underlining the need for a universal method that enhances NP entry into cells. Here we describe a method to increase NP cellular uptake via strand hybridization between DNA-functionalized NPs and cells that bear the respective complementary sequence incorporated into the membrane. By this, the NPs bind efficiently to the cellular surface enhancing internalization of three completely different NP types: DNA tetrahedrons, gold (Au) NPs, and polystyrene (PS) NPs. We show that our approach is a simple and generalizable strategy that can be applied to virtually every functionalizable NP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
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179
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Zhang YR, Luo JQ, Zhang JY, Miao WM, Wu JS, Huang H, Tong QS, Shen S, Leong KW, Du JZ, Wang J. Nanoparticle-Enabled Dual Modulation of Phagocytic Signals to Improve Macrophage-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004240. [PMID: 33107142 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the phagocytosis of macrophages to tumor cells is an attractive strategy for cancer immunotherapy, but the effectiveness is limited by the fact that many tumor cells express an increased level of anti-phagocytic signals (e.g., CD47 molecules) on their surface. To promote phagocytosis of macrophages, a pro-phagocytic nanoparticle (SNPACALR&aCD47 ) that concurrently carries CD47 antibody (aCD47) and a pro-phagocytic molecule calreticulin (CALR) is constructed to simultaneously modulate the phagocytic signals of macrophages. SNPACALR&aCD47 can achieve targeted delivery to tumor cells by specifically binding to the cell-surface CD47 and block the CD47-SIRPα pathway to inhibit the "don't eat me" signal. Tumor cell-targeted delivery increases the exposure of recombinant CALR on the cell surface and stimulates an "eat me" signal. Simultaneous modulation of the two signals enhances the phagocytosis of 4T1 tumor cells by macrophages, which leads to significantly improved anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. The findings demonstrate that the concurrent blockade of anti-phagocytic signals and activation of pro-phagocytic signals can be effective in macrophage-mediated cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Zhang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Qi Luo
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei-Min Miao
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Si Wu
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qi-Song Tong
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Song Shen
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Jin-Zhi Du
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
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180
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Dobrovolskaia MA, Afonin KA. Use of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to define immunological properties of nucleic acid nanoparticles. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3678-3698. [PMID: 33097923 PMCID: PMC7875514 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This protocol assesses proinflammatory properties of nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) using a validated preclinical model, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), that is highly predictive of cytokine responses. The experimental procedure details the preparation of pyrogen-free NANPs, isolation of PBMCs from freshly collected human blood, and analysis of characteristic biomarkers (type I and III interferons) produced by PBMCs transfected with NANPs. Although representative NANPs with high and low immunostimulatory potential are used as standards throughout the procedure, this protocol can be adapted to any NANPs or therapeutic nucleic acids, irrespective of whether they are carrier based or carrier free; additional cytokine biomarkers can also be included. We test several commercial platforms and controls broadly accessible to the research community to quantify all biomarkers in either single- or multiplex format. The continuous execution of this protocol takes <48 h; when immediate analysis is not feasible, single-use aliquots of the supernatants can be frozen and stored (-20 °C; 12 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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181
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Zhang T, Cui W, Tian T, Shi S, Lin Y. Progress in Biomedical Applications of Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid-Based Functional Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:47115-47126. [PMID: 32975109 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed the development of DNA nanotechnology and the emergence of various spatial DNA nanostructures, from two-dimensions to three-dimensions. The typical example is the tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA). In this review, we summarize the progress in fabrication, modification of tFNA-based functional systems and their potentials in biomedical applications. Through a one-step assembly process, tFNA is synthesized via four single stranded DNAs with three short sequences complementary to the other sequence of another single strand. Characterizations including polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering measurement show tFNA as a pyramid-like nanostructure with the size of around 10 nm. Feathered with intrinsic biocompatibility and satisfactory cellular membrane permeability, the first generation of tFNA shows promising capacities in regulating cell biological behavior, promoting tissue regeneration, and immunomodulation. Along with excellent editability and relative biostability in complicated conditions, tFNA could be modified via hanging functional domains on the vertex or side arm and incorporating small-molecular-weight drugs to form the second generation, for reversing multidrug resistance in tumor cells or microorganisms, target therapy, anticancer and antibacterial treatments. The third generation of tFNA is currently tried via a multistep assembly process for stimuli-response and precise drug release. Although tFNAs show promising potentials in cargo delivery, massive efforts still need to be made to improve biostability, maximal load, and structural controllability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Weitong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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182
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Wang Y, Wang D, Jia F, Miller A, Tan X, Chen P, Zhang L, Lu H, Fang Y, Kang X, Cai J, Ren M, Zhang K. Self-Assembled DNA-PEG Bottlebrushes Enhance Antisense Activity and Pharmacokinetics of Oligonucleotides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45830-45837. [PMID: 32936615 PMCID: PMC8110734 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel strategy to enhance the antisense activity and the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic oligonucleotides. Through the DNA hybridization chain reaction, DNA hairpins modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) form a bottlebrush architecture consisting of a double-stranded DNA backbone, PEG side chains, and antisense overhangs. The assembled structure exhibits high PEG density on the surface, which suppresses unwanted interactions between the DNA and proteins (e.g., enzymatic degradation) while allowing the antisense overhangs to hybridize with the mRNA target and thereby deplete target protein expression. We show that these PEGylated bottlebrushes targeting oncogenic KRAS can achieve much higher antisense efficacy compared with unassembled hairpins with or without PEGylation and can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells bearing the G12C mutant KRAS gene. Meanwhile, these structures exhibit elevated blood retention times in vivo due to the biological stealth properties of PEG and the high molecular weight of the overall assembly. Collectively, this self-assembly approach bears the characteristics of a simple, safe, yet highly translatable strategy to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Andrew Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xuyu Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peiru Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yang Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jiansong Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mengqi Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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183
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Shaban M, Hasanzadeh M. Biomedical applications of dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS): recent progress and challenges. RSC Adv 2020; 10:37116-37133. [PMID: 35521236 PMCID: PMC9057131 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04388e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS), with multi-component and hierarchically complex structures, has recently been receiving significant attention in various fields of nano-biomedicine. DFNS is an emerging class of mesoporous nanoparticles that has attracted great interest due to unique structures such as open three-dimensional dendritic superstructures with large pore channels and highly accessible internal surface areas. This overview aims to study the application of DFNS towards biomedical investigations. This review is divided into four main sections. Sections 1–3 are related to the synthesis and characterization of DFNS. The biomedical potential of DFNS, such as cell therapy, gene therapy, immune therapy, drug delivery, imaging, photothermal therapy, bioanalysis, biocatalysis, and tissue engineering, is discussed based on advantages and limitations. Finally, the perspectives and challenges in terms of controlled synthesis and potential nano-biomedical applications towards future studies are discussed. Dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS) , with multi-component and hierarchically complex structures, has recently been receiving significant attention in various fields of nano-biomedicine.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shaban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran .,Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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184
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Qin W, Chen L, Wang Z, Li Q, Fan C, Wu M, Zhang Y. Bioinspired DNA Nanointerface with Anisotropic Aptamers for Accurate Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000647. [PMID: 33042737 PMCID: PMC7539197 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have provided a non-invasive entry for cancer diagnosis and disease monitoring. Despite recent development in affinity-based CTCs isolation, it remains challenging to achieve efficient capture toward CTCs with dynamic surface expression. Enlightened by the synergistic effect insideimmune synapses, the development of a nanointerface engineered with topology-defined anisotropic aptamers programmed by DNA scaffold (DNA nanosynapse), for accurate CTCs isolation, is herein reported. As compared to isotropic aptamers, the DNA nanosynapse exhibits enhanced anchoring on the cell membrane with both high and low epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) expression. This nanointerface enables accurate capture toward CTCs of heterogeneous EpCAM, without dramatically proportional change inside the mixture of diverse phenotypes. By applying this nanoplatform, CTCs detection as well as downstream analysis for measuring disease status can be achieved in clinical samples from breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug DiscoverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
- College of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510642China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsHunan UniversityChangsha410082China
| | - Liang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug DiscoverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Zhiru Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug DiscoverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug DiscoverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
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185
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Xu F, Xia Q, Wang P. Rationally Designed DNA Nanostructures for Drug Delivery. Front Chem 2020; 8:751. [PMID: 33195016 PMCID: PMC7542244 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA is an excellent biological material that has received growing attention in the field of nanotechnology due to its unique capability for precisely engineering materials via sequence specific interactions. Self-assembled DNA nanostructures of prescribed physicochemical properties have demonstrated potent drug delivery efficiency in vitro and in vivo. By using various conjugation techniques, DNA nanostructures may be precisely integrated with a large diversity of functional moieties, such as targeting ligands, proteins, and inorganic nanoparticles, to enrich their functionalities and to enhance their performance. In this review, we start with introducing strategies on constructing DNA nanostructures. We then summarize the biological barriers ahead of drug delivery using DNA nanostructures, followed by introducing existing rational solutions to overcome these biological barriers. Lastly, we discuss challenges and opportunities for DNA nanostructures toward real applications in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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186
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Keller A, Linko V. Challenges and Perspectives of DNA Nanostructures in Biomedicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15818-15833. [PMID: 32112664 PMCID: PMC7540699 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology holds substantial promise for future biomedical engineering and the development of novel therapies and diagnostic assays. The subnanometer-level addressability of DNA nanostructures allows for their precise and tailored modification with numerous chemical and biological entities, which makes them fit to serve as accurate diagnostic tools and multifunctional carriers for targeted drug delivery. The absolute control over shape, size, and function enables the fabrication of tailored and dynamic devices, such as DNA nanorobots that can execute programmed tasks and react to various external stimuli. Even though several studies have demonstrated the successful operation of various biomedical DNA nanostructures both in vitro and in vivo, major obstacles remain on the path to real-world applications of DNA-based nanomedicine. Here, we summarize the current status of the field and the main implementations of biomedical DNA nanostructures. In particular, we focus on open challenges and untackled issues and discuss possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Keller
- Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Strasse 10033098PaderbornGermany
| | - Veikko Linko
- Biohybrid MaterialsDepartment of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto UniversityP. O. Box 1610000076AaltoFinland
- HYBER CentreDepartment of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP. O. Box 1510000076AaltoFinland
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187
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Zhong YF, Cheng J, Liu Y, Luo T, Wang Y, Jiang K, Mo F, Song J. DNA Nanostructures as Pt(IV) Prodrug Delivery Systems to Combat Chemoresistance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003646. [PMID: 32815274 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a first-line drug in clinical cancer treatment but its efficacy is often hindered by chemoresistance in cancer cells. Reduced intracellular drug accumulation is revealed to be a major mechanism of cisplatin resistance. Nanoscale drug delivery systems could help to overcome this problem because of their more active cellular uptake and more accurate tumor localization. DNA nanostructures have emerged as promising drug delivery systems because of their intrinsic biocompatibility and structural programmability. Herein, three diverse DNA nanostructures are constructed and their potential for cisplatin prodrug delivery is investigated. Results found that these DNA nanostructures could remarkably enhance the cellular internalization of platinum drugs and thus increase the anticancer activity, not only to regular lung cancer cells (A549), but more importantly to cisplatin-resistant cancer cells (A549cisR). Further, in vivo studies also demonstrate that cisplatin prodrug loaded DNA nanostructures could effectively suppress tumor growth in both regular and cisplatin-resistant tumor models. This study suggests that DNA nanostructures are effective carriers for platinum prodrug delivery to combat chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Zhong
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Fangli Mo
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, P. R. China
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188
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Qu Y, Ju Y, Cortez-Jugo C, Lin Z, Li S, Zhou J, Ma Y, Glab A, Kent SJ, Cavalieri F, Caruso F. Template-Mediated Assembly of DNA into Microcapsules for Immunological Modulation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002750. [PMID: 32762023 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for effective vaccine delivery systems and vaccine adjuvants without extraneous excipients that can compromise or minimize their efficacy. Vaccine adjuvants cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) can effectively activate immune responses to secrete cytokines. However, CpG ODNs are not stable in serum due to enzymatic cleavage and are difficult to transport through cell membranes. Herein, DNA microcapsules made of CpG ODNs arranged into 3D nanostructures are developed to improve the serum stability and immunostimulatory effect of CpG. The DNA microcapsules allow encapsulation and co-delivery of cargoes, including glycogen. The DNA capsules, with >4 million copies of CpG motifs per capsule, are internalized in cells and accumulate in endosomes, where the Toll-like receptor 9 is engaged by CpG. The capsules induce up to 10-fold and 20-fold increases in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion, respectively, in RAW264.7 cells compared with CpG ODNs. Furthermore, the microcapsules stimulate TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The immunostimulatory activity of the capsules correlates to their intracellular trafficking, endosomal confinement, and degradation, assessed by confocal and super-resolution microscopy. These DNA capsules can serve as both adjuvants to stimulate an immune reaction and vehicles to encapsulate vaccine peptides/genes to achieve synergistic immune effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiao Qu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Yi Ju
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Christina Cortez-Jugo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Zhixing Lin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Shiyao Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jiajing Zhou
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Yutian Ma
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Agata Glab
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Francesca Cavalieri
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Universita' di Roma "Tor Vergata,", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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189
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Zhang H, Zhang H, Demirer GS, González-Grandío E, Fan C, Landry MP. Engineering DNA nanostructures for siRNA delivery in plants. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3064-3087. [PMID: 32807907 PMCID: PMC10493160 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeted downregulation of select endogenous plant genes is known to confer disease or pest resistance in crops and is routinely accomplished via transgenic modification of plants for constitutive gene silencing. An attractive alternative to the use of transgenics or pesticides in agriculture is the use of a 'green' alternative known as RNAi, which involves the delivery of siRNAs that downregulate endogenous genes to confer resistance. However, siRNA is a molecule that is highly susceptible to enzymatic degradation and is difficult to deliver across the lignin-rich and multi-layered plant cell wall that poses the dominant physical barrier to biomolecule delivery in plants. We have demonstrated that DNA nanostructures can be utilized as a cargo carrier for direct siRNA delivery and gene silencing in mature plants. The size, shape, compactness and stiffness of the DNA nanostructure affect both internalization into plant cells and subsequent gene silencing efficiency. Herein, we provide a detailed protocol that can be readily adopted with standard biology benchtop equipment to generate geometrically optimized DNA nanostructures for transgene-free and force-independent siRNA delivery and gene silencing in mature plants. We further discuss how such DNA nanostructures can be rationally designed to efficiently enter plant cells and deliver cargoes to mature plants, and provide guidance for DNA nanostructure characterization, storage and use. The protocol described herein can be completed in 4 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Honglu Zhang
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gozde S Demirer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo González-Grandío
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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190
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Tu ATT, Hoshi K, Ikebukuro K, Hanagata N, Yamazaki T. Monomeric G-Quadruplex-Based CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides as Potent Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3644-3657. [PMID: 32857497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) motifs trigger the immune response by stimulating endosomal Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9. Natural linear ODNs are susceptible to nuclease degradation, thereby limiting their clinical applications. Here, we designed monomeric G-quadruplex-based CpG ODNs (G4 CpG ODNs) containing CpG motifs in the central loop region of the G4 structure. The monomeric G4 CpG ODNs were more stable in serum than the linear ODNs. The monomeric G4 CpG ODNs containing two or three CpG motifs induced the production of immunostimulatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-β in mouse macrophage-like RAW264 cells. We also showed that the number of CpG motifs and the number of nucleotides between the CpG motif and G-tracts define the efficacy of the G4 CpG ODNs in activating TLR9. Incubating human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with G4 CpG ODNs promoted IL-6 and IFN-γ production, confirming their stimulatory effects on human immune cells. Mice given intraperitoneal injections of G4 CpG ODNs produced higher plasma IL-6 compared with injections of linear ODNs. These findings provide further understanding of the parameters governing the immunostimulatory activity of G4 CpG ODNs, thereby providing insights into the rational design of highly potent G4 CpG ODNs for vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thi Tram Tu
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan.,Nanomedicine Group, Research Center for Functional Materials (RCFM), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Hoshi
- Nanomedicine Group, Research Center for Functional Materials (RCFM), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebukuro
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei 184-8588, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hanagata
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan.,Nanotechnology Innovation Station, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamazaki
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan.,Nanomedicine Group, Research Center for Functional Materials (RCFM), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
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191
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Xu W, He W, Du Z, Zhu L, Huang K, Lu Y, Luo Y. Funktionelle Nukleinsäure‐Nanomaterialien: Entwicklung, Eigenschaften und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Wanchong He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Zaihui Du
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Liye Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Yunbo Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
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192
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Xu W, He W, Du Z, Zhu L, Huang K, Lu Y, Luo Y. Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials: Development, Properties, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:6890-6918. [PMID: 31729826 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acid (FNA) nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field between nucleic acid biochemistry and nanotechnology that focuses on the study of interactions between FNAs and nanomaterials and explores the particular advantages and applications of FNA nanomaterials. With the goal of building the next-generation biomaterials that combine the advantages of FNAs and nanomaterials, the interactions between FNAs and nanomaterials as well as FNA self-assembly technologies have established themselves as hot research areas, where the target recognition, response, and self-assembly ability, combined with the plasmon properties, stability, stimuli-response, and delivery potential of various nanomaterials can give rise to a variety of novel fascinating applications. As research on the structural and functional group features of FNAs and nanomaterials rapidly develops, many laboratories have reported numerous methods to construct FNA nanomaterials. In this Review, we first introduce some widely used FNAs and nanomaterials along with their classification, structure, and application features. Then we discuss the most successful methods employing FNAs and nanomaterials as elements for creating advanced FNA nanomaterials. Finally, we review the extensive applications of FNA nanomaterials in bioimaging, biosensing, biomedicine, and other important fields, with their own advantages and drawbacks, and provide our perspective about the issues and developing trends in FNA nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wanchong He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zaihui Du
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liye Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Yunbo Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, and College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
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193
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Design, fabrication and applications of tetrahedral DNA nanostructure-based multifunctional complexes in drug delivery and biomedical treatment. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:2728-2757. [PMID: 32669637 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although organic nanomaterials and inorganic nanoparticles possess inherent flexibility, facilitating functional modification, increased intracellular uptake and controllable drug release, their underlying cytotoxicity and lack of specificity still cause safety concerns. Owing to their merits, which include natural biocompatibility, structural stability, unsurpassed programmability, ease of internalization and editable functionality, tetrahedral DNA nanostructures show promising potential as an alternative vehicle for drug delivery and biomedical treatment. Here, we describe the design, fabrication, purification, characterization and potential biomedical applications of a self-assembling tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN)-based multifunctional delivery system. First, relying on Watson-Crick base pairing, four single DNA strands form a simple and typical pyramid structure via one hybridization step. Then, the protocol details four different modification approaches, including replacing a short sequence of a single DNA strand by an antisense peptide nucleic acid, appending an aptamer to the vertex, direct incubation with small-molecular-weight drugs such as paclitaxel and wogonin and coating with protective agents such as cationic polymers. These modified TDN-based complexes promote the intracellular uptake and biostability of the delivered molecules, and show promise in the fields of targeted therapy, antibacterial and anticancer treatment and tissue regeneration. The entire duration of assembly and characterization depends on the cargo type and modification method, which takes from 2 h to 3 d.
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194
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Zhou Z, Sohn YS, Nechushtai R, Willner I. DNA Tetrahedra Modules as Versatile Optical Sensing Platforms for Multiplexed Analysis of miRNAs, Endonucleases, and Aptamer-Ligand Complexes. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9021-9031. [PMID: 32539340 PMCID: PMC7467810 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The sensing modules for analyzing miRNAs or the endonucleases consist of tetrahedra functionalized with three different fluorophore-quencher pairs in spatially quenched configurations and hairpin units acting as recognition elements for the analytes. Three different miRNAs (miRNA-21, miRNA-221, and miRNA-155) or three different endonucleases (Nt.BbvCI, EcoRI, and HindIII) uncage the respective hairpins, leading to the switched-on fluorescence of the respective fluorophores and to the multiplex detection of the respective analytes. In addition, a tetrahedron module for the multiplexed analysis of aptamer ligand complexes (ligands = ATP, thrombin, VEGF) is introduced. The module includes edges modified with three spatially separated fluorophore-quencher pairs that were stretched by the respective aptamer strands to yield a switched-on fluorescent state. Formation of the respective aptamer ligands reconfigures the edges into fluorophore-quenched caged-hairpin structures that enable the multiplexed analysis of the aptamer-ligand complexes. The facile permeation of the tetrahedra structures into cells is used for the imaging of MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells and their discrimination from normal epithelial MCF-10A breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhou
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yang Sung Sohn
- Institute
of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Rachel Nechushtai
- Institute
of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Itamar Willner
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- E-mail:
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Wang F, Zhou Y, Cheng S, Lou J, Zhang X, He Q, Huang N, Cheng Y. Gint4.T-Modified DNA Tetrahedrons Loaded with Doxorubicin Inhibits Glioma Cell Proliferation by Targeting PDGFRβ. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:150. [PMID: 32691170 PMCID: PMC7371771 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the deadliest intrinsic brain tumours due to its invasive growth. The effect of glioma treatment is poor because of the presence of the blood-brain barrier and blood tumour barrier and insufficient drug targeting. DNA tetrahedrons (TDN) show great potential for drug delivery and may be a novel therapeutic strategy for glioma. In this study, we used TDN to deliver doxorubicin (DOX) for the glioma therapy. Gint4.T, an aptamer that could recognize platelet-derived growth factor receptor β on tumour cell, was used to modify TDN (Apt-TDN) for targeted drug delivery. The TDN were self-assembled by one-step synthesis, which showed small size (10 nm) and negative charge. Fetal bovine serum test showed its stability as a drug delivery vehicle. Apt-TDN could be effectively taken up by U87MG cells. Compared with DOX and DOX@TDN (TDN loaded with DOX), the DOX@Apt-TDN (Gint4.T-modified TDN loaded with DOX) showed more early apoptosis rate, higher cell cycle arrest, and greater cytotoxicity towards U87MG cells. In conclusion, our findings indicated that DOX@Apt-TDN provides a novel therapy with promising clinical application for gliomas patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Yanghao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Si Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jinhe Lou
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qiuguang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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196
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Duangrat R, Udomprasert A, Kangsamaksin T. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures as drug delivery and bioimaging platforms in cancer therapy. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3164-3173. [PMID: 32589345 PMCID: PMC7469859 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural DNA nanotechnology enables DNA to be used as nanomaterials for novel nanostructure construction with unprecedented functionalities. Artificial DNA nanostructures can be designed and generated with precisely controlled features, resulting in its utility in bionanotechnological and biomedical applications. A tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN), the most popular DNA nanostructure, with high stability and simple synthesis procedure, is a promising candidate as nanocarriers in drug delivery and bioimaging platforms, particularly in precision medicine as well as diagnosis for cancer therapy. Recent evidence collectively indicated that TDN successfully enhanced cancer therapeutic efficiency both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we summarize the development of TDN and highlight various aspects of TDN applications in cancer therapy based on previous reports, including anticancer drug loading, photodynamic therapy, therapeutic oligonucleotides, bioimaging platforms, and other molecules and discuss a perspective in opportunities and challenges for future TDN‐based nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanee Duangrat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anuttara Udomprasert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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197
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Tan X, Jia F, Wang P, Zhang K. Nucleic acid-based drug delivery strategies. J Control Release 2020; 323:240-252. [PMID: 32272123 PMCID: PMC8079167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids have not been widely considered as an optimal material for drug delivery. Indeed, unmodified nucleic acids are enzymatically unstable, too hydrophilic for cell uptake and payload encapsulation, and may cause unintended biological responses such as immune system activation and prolongation of the blood coagulation pathway. Recently, however, three major areas of development surrounding nucleic acids have made it worthwhile to reconsider their role for drug delivery. These areas include DNA/RNA nanotechnology, multivalent nucleic acid nanostructures, and nucleic acid aptamers, which, respectively, provide the ability to engineer nanostructures with unparalleled levels of structural control, completely reverse certain biological properties of linear/cyclic nucleic acids, and enable antibody-level targeting using an all-nucleic acid construct. These advances, together with nucleic acids' ability to respond to various stimuli (engineered or natural), have led to a rapidly increasing number of drug delivery systems with potential for spatiotemporally controlled drug release. In this review, we discuss recent progress in nucleic acid-based drug delivery strategies, their potential, unique use cases, and risks that must be overcome or avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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198
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Franch O, Gutiérrez-Corbo C, Domínguez-Asenjo B, Boesen T, Jensen PB, Nejsum LN, Keller JG, Nielsen SP, Singh PR, Jha RK, Nagaraja V, Balaña-Fouce R, Ho YP, Reguera RM, Knudsen BR. DNA flowerstructure co-localizes with human pathogens in infected macrophages. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:6081-6091. [PMID: 32402089 PMCID: PMC7293011 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we characterize the cellular uptake of a DNA structure generated by rolling circle DNA amplification. The structure, termed nanoflower, was fluorescently labeled by incorporation of ATTO488-dUTP allowing the intracellular localization to be followed. The nanoflower had a hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 300 nanometer and was non-toxic for all mammalian cell lines tested. It was internalized specifically by mammalian macrophages by phagocytosis within a few hours resulting in specific compartmentalization in phagolysosomes. Maximum uptake was observed after eight hours and the nanoflower remained stable in the phagolysosomes with a half-life of 12 h. Interestingly, the nanoflower co-localized with both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Leishmania infantum within infected macrophages although these pathogens escape lysosomal degradation by affecting the phagocytotic pathway in very different manners. These results suggest an intriguing and overlooked potential application of DNA structures in targeted treatment of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and leishmaniasis that are caused by pathogens that escape the human immune system by modifying macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Franch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Thomas Boesen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pia Bomholt Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Josephine Geertsen Keller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Prakruti R Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science & Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Jha
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science & Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Valakunja Nagaraja
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science & Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Yi-Ping Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Centre for Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Birgitta Ruth Knudsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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199
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Keller A, Linko V. Herausforderungen und Perspektiven von DNA‐Nanostrukturen in der Biomedizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Keller
- Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Straße 100 33098 Paderborn Deutschland
| | - Veikko Linko
- Biohybrid Materials Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University P. O. Box 16100 00076 Aalto Finnland
- HYBER Centre Department of Applied Physics Aalto University P. O. Box 15100 00076 Aalto Finnland
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