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Huang W, Mei J, Liu YJ, Li JP, Zou X, Qian XP, Zhang Y. An Analysis Regarding the Association Between Proteasome (PSM) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:497-515. [PMID: 37020465 PMCID: PMC10069642 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s404396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Proteasome (PSM) is a large multi-catalytic protease complex consisting of a 20S core particle and a 19S regulatory particle whose main function is to accept and degrade ubiquitinated substrates, are now considered as one of the potential regulators of tumor proliferation, and stemness maintenance. However, to date, studies on the relationship between PSM and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. Methods This study used a bioinformatics approach combining validation experiments to investigate the biological mechanisms that may be related with PSM. A series of experiments in vivo and in vitro were performed to explore the function of the 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 (PSMD13) in HCC. Results HCC patients can be divided into two clusters. Cluster 1 (C1) patients having a significantly worse prognosis than Cluster (C2). Two subtypes had significant differences in proliferation-related signaling. In particular, the frequency of TP53 mutation was significantly higher in C1 than in C2. In addition, PSM-associated genes were highly consistent with the expression of DNA repair-related signatures, suggesting a potential link between PSM and genomic instability. We also found that downregulation of PSMD13 expression significantly inhibited stemness of tumor cells and impaired the Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Finally, the correlation between the PSMD13 and Ki67 was found to be strong. Conclusion PSM is a valid predictor of prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with HCC disease. Furthermore, PSMD13 may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Mei
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie-Pin Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, 215600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Qian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People’s Republic of China
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210001, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yu Zhang; Xiao-ping Qian, Email ;
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152
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Liu Q, Huang W, Liang W, Ye Q. Current Strategies for Modulating Tumor-Associated Macrophages with Biomaterials in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Molecules 2023; 28:2211. [PMID: 36903458 PMCID: PMC10004660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. However, there are currently few clinical diagnosis and treatment options available, and there is an urgent need for novel effective approaches. More research is being undertaken on immune-associated cells in the microenvironment because they play a critical role in the initiation and development of HCC. Macrophages are specialized phagocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that not only directly phagocytose and eliminate tumor cells, but also present tumor-specific antigens to T cells and initiate anticancer adaptive immunity. However, the more abundant M2-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) at tumor sites promote tumor evasion of immune surveillance, accelerate tumor progression, and suppress tumor-specific T-cell immune responses. Despite the great success in modulating macrophages, there are still many challenges and obstacles. Biomaterials not only target macrophages, but also modulate macrophages to enhance tumor treatment. This review systematically summarizes the regulation of tumor-associated macrophages by biomaterials, which has implications for the immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Liu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wenjin Liang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan 430071, China
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, Changsha 410013, China
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153
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Xun Z, Ding X, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Lai S, Zou D, Zheng J, Chen G, Su B, Han L, Ye Y. Reconstruction of the tumor spatial microenvironment along the malignant-boundary-nonmalignant axis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:933. [PMID: 36806082 PMCID: PMC9941488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36560-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although advances in spatial transcriptomics (ST) enlarge to unveil spatial landscape of tissues, it remains challenging to delineate pathology-relevant and cellular localizations, and interactions exclusive to a spatial niche (e.g., tumor boundary). Here, we develop Cottrazm, integrating ST with hematoxylin and eosin histological image, and single-cell transcriptomics to delineate the tumor boundary connecting malignant and non-malignant cell spots in tumor tissues, deconvolute cell-type composition at spatial location, and reconstruct cell type-specific gene expression profiles at sub-spot level. We validate the performance of Cottrazm along the malignant-boundary-nonmalignant spatial axis. We identify specific macrophage and fibroblast subtypes localized around tumor boundary that interacted with tumor cells to generate a structural boundary, which limits T cell infiltration and promotes immune exclusion in tumor microenvironment. In this work, Cottrazm provides an integrated tool framework to dissect the tumor spatial microenvironment and facilitates the discovery of functional biological insights, thereby identifying therapeutic targets in oncologic ST datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xun
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinyu Ding
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Benyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shujing Lai
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Junke Zheng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, and Research Unit of Stress and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bing Su
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Leng Han
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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154
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Systemic therapy with or without locoregional therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 184:103940. [PMID: 36805079 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to identify the optimal treatment option of systemic therapy with or without locoregional therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Outcomes of interest include overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and incidence of treatment discontinuation due to AEs. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probability values were applied to rank the interventions. 23 randomized-controlled trials including 14,303 patients with advanced HCC were included. Lenvatinib plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) ranked best regarding OS benefit (SUCRA: 0.99). Immuno-oncology (IO)-multikinase inhibitor (MKI)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor combinations had a higher probability of providing better OS than IO-IO combinations. IO monotherapies demonstrated superior safety profile while combination therapies caused more toxicity in general. We conclude that combination therapies achieve remarkable efficacy in patients with advanced HCC and clinical decision making requires a careful balance of efficacy versus risk.
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155
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Wen P, Wang R, Xing Y, Ouyang W, Yuan Y, Zhang S, Liu Y, Peng Z. The prognostic value of the GPAT/AGPAT gene family in hepatocellular carcinoma and its role in the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1026669. [PMID: 36845084 PMCID: PMC9950581 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1026669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for an estimated 90% of all liver cancers. Many enzymes of the GPAT/AGPAT family are required for the synthesis of triacylglycerol. Expression of AGPAT isoenzymes has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of tumorigenesis or development of aggressive phenotypes in a variety of cancers. However, whether members of the GPAT/AGPAT gene family also influence the pathophysiology of HCC is unknown. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma datasets were obtained from the TCGA and ICGC databases. Predictive models related to the GPAT/AGPAT gene family were constructed based on LASSO-Cox regression using the ICGC-LIRI dataset as an external validation cohort. Seven immune cell infiltration algorithms were used to analyze immune cell infiltration patterns in different risk groups. IHC, CCK-8, Transwell assay, and Western blotting were used for in vitro validation. Results Compared with low-risk patients, high-risk patients had shorter survival and higher risk scores. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that risk score was a significant independent predictor of overall survival (OS) after adjustment for confounding clinical factors (p < 0.001). The established nomogram combined risk score and TNM staging to accurately predict survival at 1, 3, and 5 years in patients with HCC with AUC values of 0.807, 0.806, and 0.795, respectively. This risk score improved the reliability of the nomogram and guided clinical decision-making. In addition, we comprehensively analyzed immune cell infiltration (using seven algorithms), response to immune checkpoint blockade, clinical relevance, survival, mutations, mRNA expression-based stemness index, signaling pathways, and interacting proteins related to the three core genes of the prognostic model (AGPAT5, LCLAT1, and LPCAT1). We also performed preliminary validation of the differential expression, oncological phenotype, and potential downstream pathways of the three core genes by IHC, CCK-8, Transwell assay, and Western blotting. Conclusion These results improve our understanding of the function of GPAT/AGPAT gene family members and provide a reference for prognostic biomarker research and individualized treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhen Wen
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqun Xing
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wanxin Ouyang
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yixin Yuan
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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156
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Zhu HD, Li HL, Huang MS, Yang WZ, Yin GW, Zhong BY, Sun JH, Jin ZC, Chen JJ, Ge NJ, Ding WB, Li WH, Huang JH, Mu W, Gu SZ, Li JP, Zhao H, Wen SW, Lei YM, Song YS, Yuan CW, Wang WD, Huang M, Zhao W, Wu JB, Wang S, Zhu X, Han JJ, Ren WX, Lu ZM, Xing WG, Fan Y, Lin HL, Zhang ZS, Xu GH, Hu WH, Tu Q, Su HY, Zheng CS, Chen Y, Zhao XY, Fang ZT, Wang Q, Zhao JW, Xu AB, Xu J, Wu QH, Niu HZ, Wang J, Dai F, Feng DP, Li QD, Shi RS, Li JR, Yang G, Shi HB, Ji JS, Liu YE, Cai Z, Yang P, Zhao Y, Zhu XL, Lu LG, Teng GJ. Transarterial chemoembolization with PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus molecular targeted therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (CHANCE001). Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:58. [PMID: 36750721 PMCID: PMC9905571 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is considerable potential for integrating transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), programmed death-(ligand)1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitors, and molecular targeted treatments (MTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is necessary to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TACE combined with PD-(L)1 inhibitors and MTT in real-world situations. In this nationwide, retrospective, cohort study, 826 HCC patients receiving either TACE plus PD-(L)1 blockades and MTT (combination group, n = 376) or TACE monotherapy (monotherapy group, n = 450) were included from January 2018 to May 2021. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) according to modified RECIST. The secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. We performed propensity score matching approaches to reduce bias between two groups. After matching, 228 pairs were included with a predominantly advanced disease population. Median PFS in combination group was 9.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.4-11.0) versus 8.0 months (95% CI, 6.6-9.5) (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.70, P = 0.002). OS and ORR were also significantly higher in combination group (median OS, 19.2 [16.1-27.3] vs. 15.7 months [13.0-20.2]; adjusted HR, 0.63, P = 0.001; ORR, 60.1% vs. 32.0%; P < 0.001). Grade 3/4 adverse events were observed at a rate of 15.8% and 7.5% in combination and monotherapy groups, respectively. Our results suggest that TACE plus PD-(L)1 blockades and MTT could significantly improve PFS, OS, and ORR versus TACE monotherapy for Chinese patients with predominantly advanced HCC in real-world practice, with an acceptable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dong Zhu
- Center of Interventional Radiology & Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hai-Liang Li
- Department of Minimally invasive Intervention, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wei-Zhu Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Guo-Wen Yin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bin-Yan Zhong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jun-Hui Sun
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jin
- Center of Interventional Radiology & Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jian-Jian Chen
- Center of Interventional Radiology & Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Nai-Jian Ge
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Eastern Hospital of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Navy Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wen-Bin Ding
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wen-Hui Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224008, China
| | - Jin-Hua Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shan-Zhi Gu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410031, China
| | - Jia-Ping Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Shu-Wei Wen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanxi Tumor Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yan-Ming Lei
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Song
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chun-Wang Yuan
- Center of Interventional Oncology and Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei-Dong Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jian-Bing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jian-Jun Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Wei-Xin Ren
- Interventional Therapy Center, The first Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zai-Ming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 830011, China
| | - Wen-Ge Xing
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hai-Lan Lin
- Department of Tumor Interventional Therapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Zi-Shu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Guo-Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wen-Hao Hu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qiang Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology Surgery, Department of Interventional Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Hong-Ying Su
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Chuan-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 110001, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, General hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 110001, China
| | - Xu-Ya Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Zhu-Ting Fang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First Hospital, Changzhou, 213004, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhao
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ai-Bing Xu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Qing-Hua Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Huan-Zhang Niu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Feng Dai
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Dui-Ping Feng
- Department of Oncology and Vascular Intervention, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Qing-Dong Li
- Vascular and Interventional Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Rong-Shu Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Jia-Rui Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hai-Bin Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yu-E Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Zheng Cai
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Po Yang
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Li-Gong Lu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Gao-Jun Teng
- Center of Interventional Radiology & Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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NEAT1-SOD2 Axis Confers Sorafenib and Lenvatinib Resistance by Activating AKT in Liver Cancer Cell Lines. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1073-1085. [PMID: 36826016 PMCID: PMC9955465 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a long noncoding RNA, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) variant 1 (NEAT1v1) on drug resistance in liver cancer cell lines. NEAT1 knockdown activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, including MAPK kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but suppressed AKT. Moreover, NEAT1 knockdown sensitized liver cancer cells to sorafenib and lenvatinib, both clinically used for treating hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas it conferred resistance to an AKT-targeted drug, capivasertib. NEAT1v1 overexpression suppressed MEK/ERK and activated AKT, resulting in resistance to sorafenib and lenvatinib and sensitization to capivasertib. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) knockdown reverted the effects of NEAT1v1 overexpression on the sensitivity to the molecular-targeted drugs. Although NEAT1 or SOD2 knockdown enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, concomitant with the suppression of AKT, taurodeoxycholate, an ER stress suppressor, did not restore AKT activity. Although further in vivo and clinical studies are needed, these results suggested that NEAT1v1 switches the growth modality of liver cancer cell lines from MEK/ERK-dependent to AKT-dependent mode via SOD2 and regulates sensitivity to the molecular-targeted drugs independent of ER stress.
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158
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Llovet JM. Exploring a new pathway for biomarker-based approval of immunotherapies. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:279-280. [PMID: 36707728 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Llovet
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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159
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Ishido S, Tsuchiya K, Kano Y, Yasui Y, Takaura K, Uchihara N, Suzuki K, Tanaka Y, Miyamoto H, Yamada M, Matsumoto H, Nobusawa T, Keitoku T, Tanaka S, Maeyashiki C, Tamaki N, Takahashi Y, Nakanishi H, Sakurai U, Asahina Y, Okamoto R, Kurosaki M, Izumi N. Clinical Utility of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030719. [PMID: 36765676 PMCID: PMC9913078 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is partially demonstrated. Moreover, in the patients receiving multiple molecular-targeted therapies, the gene alternations are still unknown. Six molecular-targeted therapies of unresectable HCC (uHCC) and comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) have been approved in clinical practice. Hence, the utility of CGP in patients with uHCC treated with multiple molecular-targeted agents is investigated. The data of the patients with uHCC who received CGP tests were collected, retrospectively, between February 2021 and May 2022. Gene alterations detected by foundation testing, excluding variants of unknown significance, were reported in all nine patients. The samples for CGP were derived from liver tumor biopsy (n = 2), surgical specimens of bone metastases (n = 2), and blood (n = 5). The median number of systemic therapies was four. Seven patients were candidates eligible for clinical trials. One patient with a high tumor mutation burden (TMB) could receive pembrolizumab after CGP. This study presented genomic alternations after receiving multiple molecular-targeted therapies. However, further investigation needs to be conducted to develop personalized therapies and invent newer agents for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ishido
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Kenta Takaura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Naoki Uchihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Keito Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Haruka Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Michiko Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Nobusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Taisei Keitoku
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Chiaki Maeyashiki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Urara Sakurai
- Department of Pathology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Asahina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (N.I.); Tel.: +81-422-32-3111 (M.K. & N.I.); Fax: +81-422-32-9551 (M.K. & N.I.)
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (N.I.); Tel.: +81-422-32-3111 (M.K. & N.I.); Fax: +81-422-32-9551 (M.K. & N.I.)
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160
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Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Pouch of Douglas Successfully Treated by Radiation Therapy: A Case Report. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010225. [PMID: 36676174 PMCID: PMC9862896 DOI: 10.3390/life13010225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the pouch of Douglas is relatively rare. A 65-year-old man with liver cirrhosis was admitted for detailed examination of a pelvic tumor. He had a previous history of ruptured HCC, and received emergent hemostasis with transcatheter arterial embolization followed by curative ablation. His blood tests showed an increase in des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) revealed a heterogeneously enhanced large pelvic tumor, but no additional tumorous lesions were detected in other organs, including the lungs, liver and abdominal lymph nodes. The colonoscopy showed compression by an extra-luminal/submucosal tumor, and computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy revealed that the pelvic tumor was metastasis of HCC. Because of the poor liver function, the solitary pelvic tumor was treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). The tumor size and the DCP value were markedly decreased after radiation therapy. Nine months later, occasional mild bloody stool due to radiation proctitis was observed; however, no serious side effects occurred. Our case suggests that radiation therapy may be a therapeutic option for a solitary metastatic lesion of HCC in the pouch of Douglas.
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161
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Liang L, Wang X, Huang S, Chen Y, Zhang P, Li L, Cui Y. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors as potential sensitizers of adoptive T cell therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1046771. [PMID: 36936932 PMCID: PMC10014465 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1046771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a high-incidence malignant tumor worldwide and lacks effective treatment options. Targeted drugs are the preferred recommendations for the systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunotherapy is a breakthrough in the systemic treatment of malignant tumors, including HCC. However, either targeted therapy or immunotherapy alone is inefficient and has limited survival benefits on part of HCC patients. Investigations have proved that tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have regulatory effects on the tumor microenvironment and immune response, which are potential sensitizers for immunotherapy. Herein, a combination therapy using TKIs and immunotherapy has been explored and demonstrated to improve the effectiveness of treatment. As an effective immunotherapy, adoptive T cell therapy in solid tumors is required to improve tumor infiltration and killing activity which can be possibly achieved by combination with TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Liang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuying Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine of Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Zhang, ; Liang Li, ; Yong Cui,
| | - Liang Li
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Zhang, ; Liang Li, ; Yong Cui,
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Zhang, ; Liang Li, ; Yong Cui,
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162
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Duan T, Yang X, Kuang J, Sun W, Li J, Ge J, Zhang M, Cai X, Yu P, Yang J, Zhu X. ULK1 Depletion Protects Mice from Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis by Promoting Apoptosis and Inhibiting Autophagy. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:315-325. [PMID: 36874251 PMCID: PMC9983443 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s399855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The uncoordinated-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1) is an important serine/threonine protein kinase involved in autophagy, especially for the initiation stage. Previous studies have shown that ULK1 could be used as a prognostic marker in predicting poor progression-free survival and a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) when treated with sorafenib; however, its role during hepatocarcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. Methods CCK8 and colony formation assay were used to detect cell growth ability. Western blotting was performed to determine expression level of protein. Data from public database were downloaded to analyze expression of ULK1 at mRNA level and predict survival time. RNA-seq was conducted to reveal disturbed gene profile orchestrated by ULK1 depletion. A diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC mice model was used to uncover the role of ULK1 in hepatocarcinogenesis. Results ULK1 was up-regulated in liver cancer tissues and cell lines, and knockdown of ULK1 promoted apoptosis and suppressed proliferation of liver cancer cells. In in vivo experiments, Ulk1 depletion attenuated starvation-induced autophagy in mice liver, reduced diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatic tumor number and size, and prevented tumor progression. Further, RNA-seq analysis revealed a close relationship between Ulk1 and immunity with significant changes in gene sets enriched in the interleukin and interferon pathways. Conclusion ULK1 deficiency prevented hepatocarcinogenesis and inhibited hepatic tumor growth, and might be a molecular target for the prevention and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Kuang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Ge
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Cai
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilin Yu
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Hangzhou Normal University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqiang Zhu
- Medical Research Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China
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163
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Oda C, Kamimura K, Shibata O, Morita S, Tanaka Y, Setsu T, Abe H, Yokoo T, Sakamaki A, Kamimura H, Kofuji S, Wakai T, Nishina H, Terai S. HBx and YAP expression could promote tumor development and progression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 32:101352. [PMID: 36160029 PMCID: PMC9490549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 10%–20% of the total HCC numbers. Its clinical features include the occurrence in the younger generation, large tumors, and poor prognosis. The contribution of hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein in hepatocytes during activation of various oncogenic pathways has been reported. We aimed to assess the possible association between HBx and Yes-associated protein (YAP) expression in the liver tissue and the clinical features of HBV-related HCC. Methods The relationship between HBx and YAP expression was examined in vivo using HCC tumor and peritumor tissues (n = 55). The clinical information including tumor size, marker, and the prognosis was assessed with protein expressions. The in vitro gene expression analyses were conducted using HBx- and YAP-overexpressing HCC cell lines. Results Among 19 cases of HBV-related, 17 cases of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related, and 19 cases of nonviral-related HCC, the HBV-related tumor showed the largest size. The HBx-stained area in the tumor and peritumor tissue showed a significant correlation with tumor size and serum α-fetoprotein level. YAP expression was higher in HBV-related tumor tissue than in the peritumor tissue and HCV-related tumor. Additionally, HBx and YAP protein expressions are correlated and both expressions in the tumor contributed to the poor prognosis. An in vitro study demonstrated that HBx and YAP overexpression in the hepatocytes activate the various oncogenic signaling pathways. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that YAP expression in the liver of HBV-infected patients might be the key factor in HBV-related HCC development and control of tumor-related features. HBx and YAP expression are related to the HCC size and tumor marker level. HBx activates YAP expression and both protein expressions are correlated. Co-expression of HBx and YAP contributes to the poor prognosis of HCC cases. HBx and YAP expression in vitro activated various oncogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyumi Oda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenya Kamimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
- Corresponding author. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Osamu Shibata
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichi Morita
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuto Tanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toru Setsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yokoo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akira Sakamaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroteru Kamimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kofuji
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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Yu J, Pajvani UB. Tumorigenesis from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2022; 2:544-546. [PMID: 37724256 PMCID: PMC10471092 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with metabolic syndrome is increasing to be a main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism of tumorigenesis in NASH induced HCC is still not clear. In this perspective, we will discuss the recent progress that has been made to understand the genetic change and the immune microenvironment of HCC, and the remaining questions. Based on the current study, NASH-HCC is likely to have novel mechanism, which needs more investigation in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Utpal B. Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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165
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NEAT1 Confers Radioresistance to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Inducing PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214397. [PMID: 36430876 PMCID: PMC9692527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A long noncoding RNA, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) variant 1 (NEAT1v1), confers radioresistance to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by inducing autophagy via γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor-associated protein (GABARAP). Radiation induces oxidative stress to damage cellular components and organelles, but it remains unclear how NEAT1v1 protects HCC cells from radiation-induced oxidative stress via autophagy. To address this, we precisely investigated NEAT1v1-induced autophagy in irradiated HCC cell lines. X-ray irradiation significantly increased cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA content in HCC cells while NEAT1v1 suppressed them. NEAT1v1 concomitantly induced the phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/parkin-mediated mitophagy. Interestingly, parkin expression was constitutively upregulated in NEAT1v1-overexpressing HCC cells, leading to increased mitochondrial parkin levels. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) was also upregulated by NEAT1v1, and GABARAP or SOD2 knockdown in NEAT1v1-overexpressing cells increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA content after irradiation. Moreover, it was suggested that SOD2 was involved in NEAT1v1-induced parkin expression, and that GABARAP promoted parkin degradation via mitophagy. This study highlights the unprecedented roles of NEAT1v1 in connecting radioresistance and mitophagy in HCC.
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166
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Sung PS, Lee IK, Roh PR, Kang MW, Ahn J, Yoon SK. Blood-based biomarkers for immune-based therapy in advanced HCC: Promising but a long way to go. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1028728. [PMID: 36387149 PMCID: PMC9659956 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1028728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represents a key shift in the management strategy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is a paucity of predictive biomarkers that facilitate the identification of patients that would respond to ICI therapy. Although several researchers have attempted to resolve the issue, the data is insufficient to alter daily clinical practice. The use of minimally invasive procedures to obtain patient-derived specimen, such as using blood-based samples, is increasingly preferred. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be isolated from the blood of cancer patients, and liquid biopsies can provide sufficient material to enable ongoing monitoring of HCC. This is particularly significant for patients for whom surgery is not indicated, including those with advanced HCC. In this review, we summarize the current state of understanding of blood-based biomarkers for ICI-based therapy in advanced HCC, which is promising despite there is still a long way to go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil Soo Sung
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Isaac Kise Lee
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Pu Reun Roh
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Woo Kang
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaegyoon Ahn
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seung Kew Yoon
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Chen W, Chen F, Gong M, Jin Z, Shu L, Wang ZW, Wang J. Comprehensive analysis of lncRNA-mediated ceRNA networkfor hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1042928. [PMID: 36338699 PMCID: PMC9634570 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1042928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a high-burden cancer. The molecular mechanism of HCC has not been fully elucidated. Notably, current research has revealed a significant function for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the prognosis of patients with HCC. Here, this study aims to construct a regulated lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network and find biological targets for the treatment of HCC. Methods Based on the RNA expression patterns from the TCGA, we did an analysis to determine which genes were expressed differently between liver tumor tissues and noncancerous tissues. Then, using bioinformatic tools, we built a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network and used GO and KEGG functional analyses on the DEmRNAs connected to ceRNA networks. The main lncRNAs in the subnetwork were chosen, and we next looked at the relationships between these lncRNAs and the clinical characteristics of patients with HCC. The prognosis-related genes and immune cells were identified using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses, and CIBERSORT was utilized to separate the 22 immune cell types. CCK8 assay was performed to measure cell viability in HCC cells after lncRNA HOTTIP modulation. Results Differentially expressed mRNA and lncRNAs in HCC and paracancerous tissues were identified. There are 245 lncRNAs, 126 miRNAs, and 1980 mRNAs that are expressed differently in liver tumour tissues than in noncancerous cells. Function analysis showed that mRNAs in ceRNA network were significantly enriched in G1/S transition of mototiv cell cycle, positive regulation of cell cycle process, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cancer related pathways. CD8 T cells and T follicular helper cells had a favourable link with a 0.65 correlation coefficient. Additionally, there was a strong correlation between Eosinophils, activated NK cells, and B memory cells. Strikingly, depletion of lncRNA HOTTIP inhibited viability of HCC cells. In addition, miR-205 upregulation suppressed viability of HCC cells, while miR-205 downregulation repressed viability of HCC cells. Notably, miR-205 depletion rescued HOTTIP depletion-mediated suppression of cell viability in HCC. Conclusion A ceRNA network was created by examining the lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles of liver tumours from the TCGA database. LncRNA HOTTIP promoted cell viability via inhibition of miR-205 in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Chen
- First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Affiliated Lin’an People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feihua Chen
- First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Affiliated Lin’an People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mouchun Gong
- First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Affiliated Lin’an People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoqing Jin
- First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Affiliated Lin’an People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lilu Shu
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjiang Wang, ; Zhi-wei Wang,
| | - Jianjiang Wang
- First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Affiliated Lin’an People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjiang Wang, ; Zhi-wei Wang,
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168
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Is There a Place for Somatostatin Analogues for the Systemic Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Immunotherapy Era? LIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/livers2040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a very limited survival rate even after the recent inclusion of kinase inhibitors or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the therapeutic armamentarium. A significant problem with the current proposed therapies is the considerable cost of treatment that may be a serious obstacle in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation of somatostatin analogues (SSAs) has the potential to overcome this obstacle, but due to some negative studies their extensive evaluation came to a halt. However, experimental evidence, both in vitro and in vivo, has revealed various mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects of these analogues, including inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis and induction of apoptosis. Favorable indirect effects such as inhibition of liver inflammation and fibrosis and influence on macrophage-mediated innate immunity have also been noted and are presented in this review. Furthermore, the clinical application of SSAs is both presented and compared with clinical trials of kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). No direct trials have been performed to compare survival in the same cohort of patients, but the cost of treatment with SSAs is a fraction compared to the other modalities and with significantly less serious side effects. As in immunotherapy, patients with viral HCC (excluding alcoholics), as well as Barcelona stage B or C and Child A patients, are the best candidates, since they usually have a survival prospect of at least 6 months, necessary for optimum results. Reasons for treatment failures are also discussed and further research is proposed.
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169
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Chen X, Ke Q, Wang L. Hepatocellular carcinoma mutation landscape and its differences between Asians and Whites. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2022; 11:724-728. [PMID: 36268251 PMCID: PMC9577991 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-22-364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingte Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiao Ke
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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170
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Prognostic Value of an Integrin-Based Signature in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and the Identification of Immunological Role of LIMS2. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7356297. [PMID: 36212176 PMCID: PMC9537015 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7356297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Evidence proves that integrins affect almost every step of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. The current study aimed at constructing an integrin-based signature for prognostic prediction of HCC. Methods TCGA-LIHC and ICGC-LIRI-JP cohorts were retrospectively analyzed. Integrin genes were analyzed via univariate Cox regression, followed by generation of a prognostic signature with LASSO approach. Independent factors were input into the nomogram. WGCNA was adopted to select this signature-specific genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment together with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted to explore the function of the dysregulated genes. The abundance of tumor microenvironment components was estimated with diverse popular computational methods. The relative importance of genes from this signature was estimated through random-forest method. Results Eight integrin genes (ADAM15, CDC42, DAB2, ITGB1BP1, ITGB5, KIF14, LIMS2, and SELP) were adopted to define an integrin-based signature. Each patient was assigned the riskScore. High-riskScore subpopulation exhibited worse overall survival, with satisfying prediction efficacy. Also, the integrin-based signature was independent of routine clinicopathological parameters. The nomogram (comprising integrin-based signature, and stage) accurately inferred prognostic outcome, with the excellent net benefit. Genes with the strongest positive interaction to low-riskScore were primarily linked to biosynthetic, metabolic, and catabolic processes and immune pathways; those with the strongest association with high-riskScore were principally associated with diverse tumorigenic signaling. The integrin-based signature was strongly linked with tumor microenvironment components. Among the genes from this signature, LIMS2 possessed the highest importance, and its expression was proven through immunohistochemical staining. Conclusion Altogether, our study defined a quantitative integrin-based signature that reliably assessed HCC prognosis and tumor microenvironment features, which possessed the potential as a tool for prognostic prediction.
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171
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Jang W, Lee HW, Lee JS, Kim BK, Kim SU, Park JY, Ahn SH, Kim DY. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of Korean patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with respect to etiology. JOURNAL OF LIVER CANCER 2022; 22:158-166. [PMID: 37383415 PMCID: PMC10035743 DOI: 10.17998/jlc.2022.09.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aim The profile of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has changed globally; the role of etiology in predicting prognosis of HCC patients remains unclear. We aimed to analyze the characteristics and prognosis of Korean patients with HCC according to disease etiology. Methods This retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with HCC between 2010 and 2014 in a single center in Korea. Patients with HCC aged <19 years old, had coinfection with other viral hepatitis, had missing follow-up data, were Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage D, or died before 1 month were excluded. Results A total of 1,595 patients with HCC were analyzed; they were classified into the hepatitis B virus (HBV) group (1,183 [74.2%]), hepatitis C virus (HCV) group (146 [9.2%]), and non-B non-C (NBNC) group (266 [16.7%]). The median overall survival of all patients was 74 months. The survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 78.8%, 62.0% and 54.9% in the HBV group; 86.0%, 64.0%, and 48.6% in the HCV group; and 78.4%, 56.5%, and 45.9% in the NBNC group, respectively. NBNC-HCC has a poorer prognosis than other causes of HCC. Survival was significantly longer in the HBV group with early-stage HCC than in the NBNC group. Furthermore, survival was shorter in patients with early-stage HCC and diabetes mellitus (DM) than in those without DM. Conclusions The etiology of HCC affected clinical characteristics and prognosis to some extent. NBNC-HCC patients showed shorter overall survival than viral-related HCC patients. Additionally, the presence of DM is an additional important prognostic factor in patients with early-stage HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjoon Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Seung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Cappuyns S, Llovet JM. Combination Therapies for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Biomarkers and Unmet Needs. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3405-3407. [PMID: 35727695 PMCID: PMC9614185 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The novel combination of checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD(L)1 pathway and anti-VEGFA therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, biomarkers predictive of response to these therapies are still lacking, representing a major clinical challenge. See related articles by Zhang et al., p. 3499, and Zhu et al., p. 3537.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cappuyns
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Gastroenterology, UZ Leuven/KU, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josep M. Llovet
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Etiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Practical Implications of Hepatocellular Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153670. [PMID: 35954333 PMCID: PMC9367411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major global contributor of cancer death, usually arises in a background of chronic liver disease, as a result of molecular changes that deregulate important signal transduction pathways. Recent studies have shown that certain molecular changes of hepatocarcinogenesis are associated with clinicopathologic features and prognosis, suggesting that subclassification of HCC is practically useful. On the other hand, subclassification of hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs), a heterogenous group of neoplasms, has been well established on the basis of genotype–phenotype correlations. Histologic examination, aided by immunohistochemistry, is the gold standard for the diagnosis and subclassification of HCA and HCC, while clinicopathologic correlation is essential for best patient management. Advances in clinico-radio-pathologic correlation have introduced a new approach for the diagnostic assessment of lesions arising in advanced chronic liver disease by imaging (LI-RADS). The rapid expansion of knowledge concerning the molecular pathogenesis of HCC is now starting to produce new therapeutic approaches through precision oncology. This review summarizes the etiology and pathogenesis of HCA and HCC, provides practical information for their histologic diagnosis (including an algorithmic approach), and addresses a variety of frequently asked questions regarding the diagnosis and practical implications of these neoplasms.
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The Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in HCC Carcinogenesis and Treatment: Harnessing Innate Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133150. [PMID: 35804922 PMCID: PMC9264914 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains a major concern for the public health. The pandemic of metabolic syndrome in the Western societies and the considerable amounts of viral hepatitis in the underdeveloped countries keep fueling s the development of HCC. The hepatotropic viruses evade the NLRP3 inflammasome in order to sustain the chronicity of infection leading to cirrhosis while in the established tumors the activation of NLRP3 promotes several pro-tumorigenic effects. That leads to substantial economic burden for the societies and alternative therapeutic targets should be investigated. Reviewing past and more recent literature it can be deduced that the NLRP3 inflammasome could be an ideal therapeutic effects and it should be studied in more depth. Abstract The HCC constitutes one of the most frequent cancers, with a non-decreasing trend in disease mortality despite advances in systemic therapy and surgery. This trend is fueled by the rise of an obesity wave which is prominent the Western populations and has reshaped the etiologic landscape of HCC. Interest in the nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family member NLRP3 has recently been revived since it would appear that, by generating inflammasomes, it participates in several physiologic processes and its dysfunction leads to disease. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been studied in depth, and its influence in HCC pathogenesis has been extensively documented during the past quinquennial. Since inflammation comprises a major regulator of carcinogenesis, it is of paramount importance an attempt to evaluate the contribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome to the generation and management of HCC. The aim of this review was to examine the literature in order to determine the impact of the NLRP3 inflammasome on, and present a hypothesis about its input in, HCC.
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