151
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Lee HJ, Kim H, Yoshida JI, Kim DP. Control of tandem isomerizations: flow-assisted reactions of o-lithiated aryl benzyl ethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:547-550. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08460a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a flow microreactor platform for controlling tandem isomerizations of o-lithiated aryl benzyl ethers based on precise residence time control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyune-Jea Lee
- Centre for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology)
- Pohang
- South Korea
| | - Heejin Kim
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto
- Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto
- Japan
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Centre for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology)
- Pohang
- South Korea
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152
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Cole KP, Johnson MD. Continuous flow technology vs. the batch-by-batch approach to produce pharmaceutical compounds. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2017; 11:5-13. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1413936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. Cole
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Martin D. Johnson
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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153
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Ishitani H, Furiya Y, Kobayashi S. Continuous-flow synthesis using a column reactor packed with heterogeneous catalysts: A convenient production of nitroolefins by using amino-functionalized silicagel. Bioorg Med Chem 2017. [PMID: 28624241 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A continuous-flow synthesis of β-nitroolefins by using heterogeneous base catalysts has been developed. Although the use of an excess amount of nitro-donor such as nitromethane is required in conventional methods, nearly equimolar amounts of nitro-donors and carbonyl compounds are sufficient for high-yielding production of nitroolefins. Catalysts for this flow protocol are inexpensive and abundant, and high durability and high productivity were also realized by using an appropriate second support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuichi Furiya
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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154
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A continuous flow synthesis and derivatization of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6218-6223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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155
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156
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Britton J, Jamison TF. The assembly and use of continuous flow systems for chemical synthesis. Nat Protoc 2017; 12:2423-2446. [PMID: 29072707 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of and opportunities in continuous flow synthesis ('flow chemistry') have increased significantly over the past several years. Continuous flow systems provide improved reaction safety and accelerated reaction kinetics, and have synthesised several active pharmaceutical ingredients in automated reconfigurable systems. Although continuous flow platforms are commercially available, systems constructed 'in-lab' provide researchers with a flexible, versatile, and cost-effective alternative. Herein, we describe the assembly and use of a modular continuous flow apparatus from readily available and affordable parts in as little as 30 min. Once assembled, the synthesis of a sulfonamide by reacting 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride with dibenzylamine in a single reactor coil with an in-line quench is presented. This example reaction offers the opportunity to learn several important skills including reactor construction, charging of a back-pressure regulator, assembly of stainless-steel syringes, assembly of a continuous flow system with multiple junctions, and yield determination. From our extensive experience of single-step and multistep continuous flow synthesis, we also describe solutions to commonly encountered technical problems such as precipitation of solids ('clogging') and reactor failure. Following this protocol, a nonspecialist can assemble a continuous flow system from reactor coils, syringes, pumps, in-line liquid-liquid separators, drying columns, back-pressure regulators, static mixers, and packed-bed reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy F Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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157
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Britton J, Jamison TF. Synthesis of Celecoxib, Mavacoxib, SC-560, Fluxapyroxad, and Bixafen Enabled by Continuous Flow Reaction Modules. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Ave. 02139 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Ave. 02139 Cambridge MA USA
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158
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O'Mahony RM, Lynch D, Hayes HLD, Ní Thuama E, Donnellan P, Jones RC, Glennon B, Collins SG, Maguire AR. Exploiting the Continuous in situ Generation of Mesyl Azide for Use in a Telescoped Process. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosella M. O'Mahony
- School of Chemistry; Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Denis Lynch
- School of Chemistry; Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Hannah L. D. Hayes
- School of Chemistry; Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Eilís Ní Thuama
- School of Chemistry; Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Philip Donnellan
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Roderick C. Jones
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Brian Glennon
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Stuart G. Collins
- School of Chemistry; Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Anita R. Maguire
- School of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy; Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
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159
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Fodi T, Didaskalou C, Kupai J, Balogh GT, Huszthy P, Szekely G. Nanofiltration-Enabled In Situ Solvent and Reagent Recycle for Sustainable Continuous-Flow Synthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3435-3444. [PMID: 28737002 PMCID: PMC6032941 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Solvent usage in the pharmaceutical sector accounts for as much as 90 % of the overall mass during manufacturing processes. Consequently, solvent consumption poses significant costs and environmental burdens. Continuous processing, in particular continuous-flow reactors, have great potential for the sustainable production of pharmaceuticals but subsequent downstream processing remains challenging. Separation processes for concentrating and purifying chemicals can account for as much as 80 % of the total manufacturing costs. In this work, a nanofiltration unit was coupled to a continuous-flow rector for in situ solvent and reagent recycling. The nanofiltration unit is straightforward to implement and simple to control during continuous operation. The hybrid process operated continuously over six weeks, recycling about 90 % of the solvent and reagent. Consequently, the E-factor and the carbon footprint were reduced by 91 % and 19 %, respectively. Moreover, the nanofiltration unit led to a solution of the product eleven times more concentrated than the reaction mixture and increased the purity from 52.4 % to 91.5 %. The boundaries for process conditions were investigated to facilitate implementation of the methodology by the pharmaceutical sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fodi
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterThe Mill, Sackville StreetManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellert ter 4Budapest1117Hungary
- Compound Profiling Laboratory, Gedeon Richter Plc.PO Box 27Budapest1475Hungary
| | - Christos Didaskalou
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterThe Mill, Sackville StreetManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
| | - Jozsef Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellert ter 4Budapest1117Hungary
| | - Gyorgy T. Balogh
- Compound Profiling Laboratory, Gedeon Richter Plc.PO Box 27Budapest1475Hungary
| | - Peter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellert ter 4Budapest1117Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Szekely
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterThe Mill, Sackville StreetManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
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160
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Fleming GS, Beeler AB. Regioselective and Enantioselective Intermolecular Buchner Ring Expansions in Flow. Org Lett 2017; 19:5268-5271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle S. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590
Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Aaron B. Beeler
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590
Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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161
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Vural Gürsel I, Kockmann N, Hessel V. Fluidic separation in microstructured devices – Concepts and their Integration into process flow networks. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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162
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Ueda M, Imai N, Yoshida S, Yasuda H, Fukuyama T, Ryu I. Scalable Flow Synthesis of [6,6]-Phenyl-C61
-butyric Acid Methyl Ester (PCBM) using a Flow Photoreactor with a Sodium Lamp. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Ueda
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
| | - Naoyuki Imai
- Institute for Advanced & Core Technology; Showa Denko K.K; 267-0056 Chiba Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yoshida
- Institute for Advanced & Core Technology; Showa Denko K.K; 267-0056 Chiba Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasuda
- Institute for Advanced & Core Technology; Showa Denko K.K; 267-0056 Chiba Japan
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; 30010 Hsinchu Taiwan
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163
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Battilocchio C, Bosica F, Rowe SM, Abreu BL, Godineau E, Lehmann M, Ley SV. Continuous Preparation and Use of Dibromoformaldoxime as a Reactive Intermediate for the Synthesis of 3-Bromoisoxazolines. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Battilocchio
- Innovative
Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Francesco Bosica
- Innovative
Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Sam M. Rowe
- Innovative
Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Bruna L. Abreu
- Innovative
Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Edouard Godineau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Lehmann
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Innovative
Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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164
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Fuse S, Otake Y, Nakamura H. Integrated Micro-Flow Synthesis Based on Photochemical Wolff Rearrangement. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Fuse
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| | - Yuma Otake
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
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165
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Mata A, Cantillo D, Kappe CO. An Integrated Continuous-Flow Synthesis of a Key Oxazolidine Intermediate to Noroxymorphone from Naturally Occurring Opioids. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Mata
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz; NAWI Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE); Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - David Cantillo
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz; NAWI Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE); Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz; NAWI Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE); Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
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166
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De Vitis V, Dall'Oglio F, Pinto A, De Micheli C, Molinari F, Conti P, Romano D, Tamborini L. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis in Flow Reactors: A Rapid and Convenient Preparation of Captopril. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:668-673. [PMID: 29046862 PMCID: PMC5641918 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemoenzymatic flow synthesis of enantiomerically pure captopril, a widely used antihypertensive drug, is accomplished starting from simple, inexpensive, and readily available reagents. The first step is a heterogeneous biocatalyzed regio‐ and stereoselective oxidation of cheap prochiral 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propandiol, performed in flow using immobilized whole cells of Acetobacter aceti MIM 2000/28, thus avoiding the use of aggressive and environmentally harmful chemical oxidants. The isolation of the highly hydrophilic intermediate (R)‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylpropanoic acid is achieved in‐line by using a catch‐and‐release strategy. Then, three sequential high‐throughput chemical steps lead to the isolation of captopril in only 75 min. In‐line quenching and liquid–liquid separation enable breaks in the workflow and other manipulations to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio De Vitis
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Science University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Federica Dall'Oglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Carlo De Micheli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Science University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Science University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 20133 Milan Italy
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167
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Szloszár A, Fülöp F, Mándity IM. Accelerated Synthesis of Protected Peptides in a Continuous-Flow Fixed-Bed Reactor. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliz Szloszár
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
- Stereochemistry Research Group; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - István M. Mándity
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
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168
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Liguori F, Barbaro P, Said B, Galarneau A, Santo VD, Passaglia E, Feis A. Unconventional Pd@Sulfonated Silica Monoliths Catalysts for Selective Partial Hydrogenation Reactions under Continuous Flow. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Liguori
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici; Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
| | - Pierluigi Barbaro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici; Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
| | - Bilel Said
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS; Université de Montpellier-ENSCM, ENSCM; 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Anne Galarneau
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS; Université de Montpellier-ENSCM, ENSCM; 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Vladimiro Dal Santo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Elisa Passaglia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici; Via Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Alessandro Feis
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
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169
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Örkényi R, Éles J, Faigl F, Vincze P, Prechl A, Szakács Z, Kóti J, Greiner I. Continuous Synthesis and Purification by Coupling a Multistep Flow Reaction with Centrifugal Partition Chromatography. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Örkényi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budafoki út 8. 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - János Éles
- Gedeon Richter Plc.; Gyömrői út 19-21. 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - Ferenc Faigl
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budafoki út 8. 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Péter Vincze
- Gedeon Richter Plc.; Gyömrői út 19-21. 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - Anita Prechl
- Gedeon Richter Plc.; Gyömrői út 19-21. 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szakács
- Gedeon Richter Plc.; Gyömrői út 19-21. 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - János Kóti
- Gedeon Richter Plc.; Gyömrői út 19-21. 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - István Greiner
- Gedeon Richter Plc.; Gyömrői út 19-21. 1103 Budapest Hungary
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170
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Örkényi R, Éles J, Faigl F, Vincze P, Prechl A, Szakács Z, Kóti J, Greiner I. Continuous Synthesis and Purification by Coupling a Multistep Flow Reaction with Centrifugal Partition Chromatography. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8742-8745. [PMID: 28548374 PMCID: PMC5519935 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Continuous-flow multistep synthesis is combined with quasi-continuous final-product purification to produce pure products from crude reaction mixtures. In the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 2,4-difluoronitrobenzene with morpholine followed by a heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation, the desired monosubstituted product can be continuously separated from the co- and by-products in a purity of over 99 % by coupling a flow reactor sequence to a multiple dual-mode (MDM) centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) device. This purification technique has many advantages over HPLC, such as higher resolution and no need for column replacement or silica recycling, and it does not suffer from irreversible adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Örkényi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudafoki út 8.1111BudapestHungary
| | - János Éles
- Gedeon Richter Plc.Gyömrői út 19–21.1103BudapestHungary
| | - Ferenc Faigl
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudafoki út 8.1111BudapestHungary
| | - Péter Vincze
- Gedeon Richter Plc.Gyömrői út 19–21.1103BudapestHungary
| | - Anita Prechl
- Gedeon Richter Plc.Gyömrői út 19–21.1103BudapestHungary
| | | | - János Kóti
- Gedeon Richter Plc.Gyömrői út 19–21.1103BudapestHungary
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171
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Furuta A, Okada K, Fukuyama T. Efficient Anionic Ring Opening Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide under Microfluidic Conditions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Furuta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531
| | | | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531
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172
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Jadhav AS, Anand RV. Triflic Acid Catalyzed 1,6-Conjugate Addition of Thiols to p
-Quinone Methides under Continuous-Flow Conditions. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet S. Jadhav
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector 81 140306 SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO) Punjab India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector 81 140306 SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO) Punjab India
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173
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Galy N, Nguyen R, Blach P, Sambou S, Luart D, Len C. Glycerol oligomerization in continuous flow reactor. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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174
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Britton J, Jamison TF. A Unified Continuous Flow Assembly-Line Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrazoles and Pyrazolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8823-8827. [PMID: 28544160 PMCID: PMC6990874 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and modular continuous flow synthesis of highly functionalized fluorinated pyrazoles and pyrazolines has been developed. Flowing fluorinated amines through sequential reactor coils mediates diazoalkane formation and [3+2] cycloaddition to generate more than 30 azoles in a telescoped fashion. Pyrazole cores are then sequentially modified through additional reactor modules performing N-alkylation and arylation, deprotection, and amidation to install broad molecular diversity in short order. Continuous flow synthesis enables the safe handling of diazoalkanes at elevated temperatures, and the use of aryl alkyne dipolarphiles under catalyst free conditions. This assembly line synthesis provides a flexible approach for the synthesis of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, as demonstrated by a four-step, telescoped synthesis of measles therapeutic, AS-136A, in a total residence time of 31.7 min (1.76 g h-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Timothy F Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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175
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Lin H, Dai C, Jamison TF, Jensen KF. A Rapid Total Synthesis of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Chunhui Dai
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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176
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Lin H, Dai C, Jamison TF, Jensen KF. A Rapid Total Synthesis of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8870-8873. [PMID: 28561939 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Within a total residence time of 9 min, the sodium salt of ciprofloxacin was prepared from simple building blocks via a linear sequence of six chemical reactions in five flow reactors. Sequential offline acidifications and filtrations afforded ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. The overall yield of the eight-step sequence was 60 %. No separation of intermediates was required throughout the synthesis when a single acylation reaction was applied to remove the main byproduct, dimethylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chunhui Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Timothy F Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Klavs F Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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177
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Britton J, Jamison TF. A Unified Continuous Flow Assembly-Line Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrazoles and Pyrazolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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178
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Plutschack MB, Pieber B, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH. The Hitchhiker's Guide to Flow Chemistry ∥. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11796-11893. [PMID: 28570059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1020] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Flow chemistry involves the use of channels or tubing to conduct a reaction in a continuous stream rather than in a flask. Flow equipment provides chemists with unique control over reaction parameters enhancing reactivity or in some cases enabling new reactions. This relatively young technology has received a remarkable amount of attention in the past decade with many reports on what can be done in flow. Until recently, however, the question, "Should we do this in flow?" has merely been an afterthought. This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Plutschack
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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179
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Kim H, Inoue K, Yoshida JI. Harnessing [1,4], [1,5], and [1,6] Anionic Fries-type Rearrangements by Reaction-Time Control in Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Kim
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Keita Inoue
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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180
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Kim H, Inoue K, Yoshida JI. Harnessing [1,4], [1,5], and [1,6] Anionic Fries-type Rearrangements by Reaction-Time Control in Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7863-7866. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Kim
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Keita Inoue
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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181
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Harnessing open-source technology for low-cost automation in synthesis: Flow chemical deprotection of silyl ethers using a homemade autosampling system. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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182
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Schulze S, Pahl M, Stolz F, Appun J, Abel B, Schneider C, Belder D. Liquid Beam Desorption Mass Spectrometry for the Investigation of Continuous Flow Reactions in Microfluidic Chips. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6175-6181. [PMID: 28489359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present the combination of microfluidic chips and mass spectrometry employing laser-induced liquid beam ionization/desorption. The developed system was evaluated with respect to stable beam generation and laser parameters as well as solvent compatibility. The device was exemplarily applied to study a vinylogous Mannich reaction performed in continuous flow on chip. Fast processes can be observed with this technique which in the future could be beneficial for studying intermediates or contribute to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schulze
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig , Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maik Pahl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig , Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Stolz
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Leipzig , Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM) , Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Appun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University Leipzig , Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Abel
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Leipzig , Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM) , Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University Leipzig , Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig , Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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183
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Shukla CA, Kulkarni AA. Automating multistep flow synthesis: approach and challenges in integrating chemistry, machines and logic. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:960-987. [PMID: 28684977 PMCID: PMC5480366 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of automation in the multistep flow synthesis is essential for transforming laboratory-scale chemistry into a reliable industrial process. In this review, we briefly introduce the role of automation based on its application in synthesis viz. auto sampling and inline monitoring, optimization and process control. Subsequently, we have critically reviewed a few multistep flow synthesis and suggested a possible control strategy to be implemented so that it helps to reliably transfer the laboratory-scale synthesis strategy to a pilot scale at its optimum conditions. Due to the vast literature in multistep synthesis, we have classified the literature and have identified the case studies based on few criteria viz. type of reaction, heating methods, processes involving in-line separation units, telescopic synthesis, processes involving in-line quenching and process with the smallest time scale of operation. This classification will cover the broader range in the multistep synthesis literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay A Shukla
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Campus, Pune 411008, India
- Chem. Eng. & Proc. Dev. Div., CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Amol A Kulkarni
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Campus, Pune 411008, India
- Chem. Eng. & Proc. Dev. Div., CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
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184
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Furuta A, Fukuyama T, Ryu I. Efficient Flow Fischer Esterification of Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols Using Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Silica as Supported Catalyst. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Furuta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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185
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Gruber P, Marques MPC, O'Sullivan B, Baganz F, Wohlgemuth R, Szita N. Conscious coupling: The challenges and opportunities of cascading enzymatic microreactors. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Gruber
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; University College London; WC1H 0AH United Kingdom
| | - Marco P. C. Marques
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; University College London; WC1H 0AH United Kingdom
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; University College London; WC1H 0AH United Kingdom
| | - Frank Baganz
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; University College London; WC1H 0AH United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicolas Szita
- Department of Biochemical Engineering; University College London; WC1H 0AH United Kingdom
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186
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Ye P, Cao PF, Su Z, Advincula R. Highly efficient reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization in ethanol/water via flow chemistry. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piaoran Ye
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland USA
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge USA
| | - Zhe Su
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland USA
| | - Rigoberto Advincula
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland USA
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187
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Moreno-Marrodan C, Liguori F, Barbaro P. Continuous-flow processes for the catalytic partial hydrogenation reaction of alkynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:734-754. [PMID: 28503209 PMCID: PMC5405685 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic partial hydrogenation of substituted alkynes to alkenes is a process of high importance in the manufacture of several market chemicals. The present paper shortly reviews the heterogeneous catalytic systems engineered for this reaction under continuous flow and in the liquid phase. The main contributions appeared in the literature from 1997 up to August 2016 are discussed in terms of reactor design. A comparison with batch and industrial processes is provided whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Moreno-Marrodan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Liguori
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Barbaro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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188
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Bana P, Lakó Á, Kiss NZ, Béni Z, Szigetvári Á, Kóti J, Túrós GI, Éles J, Greiner I. Synthesis of Urea Derivatives in Two Sequential Continuous-Flow Reactors. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Bana
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Lakó
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Zsuzsa Kiss
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Béni
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - János Kóti
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - János Éles
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475 Budapest, Hungary
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189
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Furuta A, Hirobe Y, Fukuyama T, Ryu I, Manabe Y, Fukase K. Flow Dehydration and Hydrogenation of Allylic Alcohols: Application to the Waste-Free Synthesis of Pristane. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Furuta
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science, Osaka; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
| | - Yuki Hirobe
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science, Osaka; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science, Osaka; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science, Osaka; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai, Osaka Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 560-0043 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 560-0043 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
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190
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Ketels M, Konrad DB, Karaghiosoff K, Trauner D, Knochel P. Selective Lithiation, Magnesiation, and Zincation of Unsymmetrical Azobenzenes Using Continuous Flow. Org Lett 2017; 19:1666-1669. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Ketels
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - David B. Konrad
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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191
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O'Brien M, Cooper DA, Dolan J. Continuous flow iodination using an automated computer-vision controlled liquid-liquid extraction system. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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192
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Asymmetric flow catalysis: Mix-and-go solid-phase Nd/Na catalyst for expeditious enantioselective access to a key intermediate of AZD7594. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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193
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Britton J, Dyer RP, Majumdar S, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Ten-Minute Protein Purification and Surface Tethering for Continuous-Flow Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2296-2301. [PMID: 28133915 PMCID: PMC5480406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nature applies enzymatic assembly lines to synthesize bioactive compounds. Inspired by such capabilities, we have developed a facile method for spatially segregating attached enzymes in a continuous-flow, vortex fluidic device (VFD). Fused Hisn -tags at the protein termini allow rapid bioconjugation and consequent purification through complexation with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) resin. Six proteins were purified from complex cell lysates to average homogeneities of 76 %. The most challenging to purify, tobacco epi-aristolochene synthase, was purified in only ten minutes from cell lysate to near homogeneity (>90 %). Furthermore, this "reaction-ready" system demonstrated excellent stability during five days of continuous-flow processing. Towards multi-step transformations in continuous flow, proteins were arrayed as ordered zones on the reactor surface allowing segregation of catalysts. Ordering enzymes into zones opens up new opportunities for continuous-flow biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Rebekah P Dyer
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Sudipta Majumdar
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Colin L Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Gregory A Weiss
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
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194
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Herath A, Cosford NDP. Continuous-flow synthesis of highly functionalized imidazo-oxadiazoles facilitated by microfluidic extraction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:239-246. [PMID: 28326132 PMCID: PMC5331298 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A versatile continuous-flow synthesis of highly functionalized 1,2,4-oxadiazoles starting from carboxylic acids is reported. This process was applied to the multistep synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, using a three reactor, multistep continuous-flow system without isolation of intermediates. This continuous-flow method was successfully combined with a single-step liquid–liquid microextraction unit to remove high boiling point polar solvents and impurities and provides the target compounds in high purity with excellent overall yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Herath
- Cancer Metabolism & Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas D P Cosford
- Cancer Metabolism & Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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195
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Dennehy OC, Cacheux VMY, Deadman BJ, Lynch D, Collins SG, Moynihan HA, Maguire AR. Development of a continuous process for α-thio-β-chloroacrylamide synthesis with enhanced control of a cascade transformation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 12:2511-2522. [PMID: 28144320 PMCID: PMC5238589 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A continuous process strategy has been developed for the preparation of α-thio-β-chloroacrylamides, a class of highly versatile synthetic intermediates. Flow platforms to generate the α-chloroamide and α-thioamide precursors were successfully adopted, progressing from the previously employed batch chemistry, and in both instances afford a readily scalable methodology. The implementation of the key α-thio-β-chloroacrylamide casade as a continuous flow reaction on a multi-gram scale is described, while the tuneable nature of the cascade, facilitated by continuous processing, is highlighted by selective generation of established intermediates and byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga C Dennehy
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Valérie M Y Cacheux
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Benjamin J Deadman
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Denis Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stuart G Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Humphrey A Moynihan
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Anita R Maguire
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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196
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Audubert C, Gamboa Marin OJ, Lebel H. Batch and Continuous-Flow One-Pot Processes using Amine Diazotization to Produce Silylated Diazo Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hélène Lebel
- Département de chimie; Université de Montréal; Canada
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197
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Audubert C, Gamboa Marin OJ, Lebel H. Batch and Continuous-Flow One-Pot Processes using Amine Diazotization to Produce Silylated Diazo Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:6294-6297. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hélène Lebel
- Département de chimie; Université de Montréal; Canada
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198
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Saito Y, Ishitani H, Ueno M, Kobayashi S. Selective Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines Catalyzed by a Polysilane/SiO 2-Supported Palladium Catalyst under Continuous-Flow Conditions. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:211-215. [PMID: 28413753 PMCID: PMC5390790 DOI: 10.1002/open.201600166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines with heterogeneous catalysts under liquid‐phase continuous‐flow conditions is described. Newly developed polysilane/SiO2‐supported Pd was found to be an effective catalyst and various nitriles were converted into primary amine salts in almost quantitative yields under mild reaction conditions. Interestingly, a complex mixture was obtained under batch conditions. Lifetime experiments showed that this catalyst remained active for more than 300 h (TON≥10 000) without loss of selectivity and no metal leaching from the catalyst occurred. By using this continuous‐flow hydrogenation, synthesis of venlafaxine, an antidepressant drug, has been accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Saito
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation LaboratoryGraduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Masaharu Ueno
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation LaboratoryGraduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan
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199
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Britton J, Dyer RP, Majumdar S, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Ten-Minute Protein Purification and Surface Tethering for Continuous-Flow Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; Flinders University; Bedford Park Adelaide 5001 Australia
| | - Rebekah P. Dyer
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Sudipta Majumdar
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; Flinders University; Bedford Park Adelaide 5001 Australia
| | - Gregory A. Weiss
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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200
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Wimmer E, Borghèse S, Blanc A, Bénéteau V, Pale P. Zeolite-Based Organic Synthesis (ZeoBOS) of Acortatarin A: First Total Synthesis Based on Native and Metal-Doped Zeolite-Catalyzed Steps. Chemistry 2017; 23:1484-1489. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wimmer
- Laboratoire de Synthèse, Réactivité Organiques et Catalyse; UMR 7177 associé au CNRS; Institut de Chimie; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67070 Strasbourg France
| | - Sophie Borghèse
- Laboratoire de Synthèse, Réactivité Organiques et Catalyse; UMR 7177 associé au CNRS; Institut de Chimie; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67070 Strasbourg France
| | - Aurélien Blanc
- Laboratoire de Synthèse, Réactivité Organiques et Catalyse; UMR 7177 associé au CNRS; Institut de Chimie; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67070 Strasbourg France
| | - Valérie Bénéteau
- Laboratoire de Synthèse, Réactivité Organiques et Catalyse; UMR 7177 associé au CNRS; Institut de Chimie; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67070 Strasbourg France
| | - Patrick Pale
- Laboratoire de Synthèse, Réactivité Organiques et Catalyse; UMR 7177 associé au CNRS; Institut de Chimie; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67070 Strasbourg France
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