151
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Sun C, Xiao L, Zhao Y, Shi J, Yuan Y, Gu Y, Zhang F, Gao X, Yang Y, Yang R, Qin J, Zhang J, Wang C, Wang Y, Wang Z, Hu P, Chang T, Wang L, Wang G, Chen H, Li Z, Ye J. Wild-Type IDH1 and Mutant IDH1 Opposingly Regulate Podoplanin Expression in Glioma. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100758. [PMID: 32208352 PMCID: PMC7097522 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations occur frequently in lower-grade gliomas, which result in genome-wide epigenetic alterations. The wild-type IDH1 is reported to participate in lipid biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism, but its role in tumorigenesis is still unclear. In this study, the expressions of IDH1 and podoplanin (Pdpn) were determined in IDH-mutated and IDH-wild-type gliomas, and their relationships in glioma were further analyzed. In addition, the regulation of wild-type IDH1 and mutant IDH1 on Pdpn expression was investigated by luciferase assays and promoter methylation analysis. Our study showed that Pdpn was almost undetectable in IDH-mutated glioma but strongly expressed in higher-grade IDH-wild-type glioma. Pdpn overexpression promoted the migration of glioma cells but had little effect on cell growth. Moreover, Pdpn expression was positively correlated with the increased wild-type IDH1 levels in IDH-wild-type glioma. Consistently, the wild-type IDH1 greatly promoted the transcription and expression of Pdpn, but the mutant IDH1 and D-2-hydroxyglutarate significantly suppressed Pdpn expression in glioma cells. Besides, our results revealed that the methylation of CpG islands in the Pdpn promoter was opposingly regulated by wild-type and mutant IDH1 in glioma. Collectively, our results indicated that wild-type and mutant IDH1 opposingly controlled the Pdpn expression in glioma by regulating its promoter methylation, which provides a basis for understanding the relationship between wild-type and mutant IDH1 in epigenetic regulation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032; Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710032
| | - Liming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Yuanlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Jiankuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032; Department of Neurology, International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China, 710100
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Risheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Junhui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China, 610083
| | - Yingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Peizhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032
| | - Ting Chang
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710032
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710032
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China, 510318
| | - Huangtao Chen
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710061
| | - Zhuyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710032.
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032; Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710032.
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152
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Altshuler DB, Kadiyala P, Núñez FJ, Núñez FM, Carney S, Alghamri MS, Garcia-Fabiani MB, Asad AS, Nicola Candia AJ, Candolfi M, Lahann J, Moon JJ, Schwendeman A, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Prospects of biological and synthetic pharmacotherapies for glioblastoma. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 20:305-317. [PMID: 31959027 PMCID: PMC7059118 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1713085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The field of neuro-oncology has experienced significant advances in recent years. More is known now about the molecular and genetic characteristics of glioma than ever before. This knowledge leads to the understanding of glioma biology and pathogenesis, guiding the development of targeted therapeutics and clinical trials. The goal of this review is to describe the state of basic, translational, and clinical research as it pertains to biological and synthetic pharmacotherapy for gliomas.Areas covered: Challenges remain in designing accurate preclinical models and identifying patients that are likely to respond to a particular targeted therapy. Preclinical models for therapeutic assessment are critical to identify the most promising treatment approaches.Expert opinion: Despite promising new therapeutics, there have been no significant breakthroughs in glioma treatment and patient outcomes. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms of treatment resistance and to design effective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Altshuler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Felipe J. Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fernando M. Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria B. Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Antonela S. Asad
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James J. Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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153
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Pinton L, Magri S, Masetto E, Vettore M, Schibuola I, Ingangi V, Marigo I, Matha K, Benoit JP, Della Puppa A, Bronte V, Lollo G, Mandruzzato S. Targeting of immunosuppressive myeloid cells from glioblastoma patients by modulation of size and surface charge of lipid nanocapsules. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:31. [PMID: 32066449 PMCID: PMC7026969 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are two of the major players involved in the inhibition of anti-tumor immune response in cancer patients, leading to poor prognosis. Selective targeting of myeloid cells has therefore become an attractive therapeutic strategy to relieve immunosuppression and, in this frame, we previously demonstrated that lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) loaded with lauroyl-modified gemcitabine efficiently target monocytic MDSCs in melanoma patients. In this study, we investigated the impact of the physico-chemical characteristics of LNCs, namely size and surface potential, towards immunosuppressive cell targeting. We exploited myeloid cells isolated from glioblastoma patients, which play a relevant role in the immunosuppression, to demonstrate that tailored nanosystems can target not only tumor cells but also tumor-promoting cells, thus constituting an efficient system that could be used to inhibit their function. Results The incorporation of different LNC formulations with a size of 100 nm, carrying overall positive, neutral or negative charge, was evaluated on leukocytes and tumor-infiltrating cells freshly isolated from glioblastoma patients. We observed that the maximum LNC uptake was obtained in monocytes with neutral 100 nm LNCs, while positively charged 100 nm LNCs were more effective on macrophages and tumor cells, maintaining at low level the incorporation by T cells. The mechanism of uptake was elucidated, demonstrating that LNCs are incorporated mainly by caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Conclusions We demonstrated that LNCs can be directed towards immunosuppressive cells by simply modulating their size and charge thus providing a novel approach to exploit nanosystems for anticancer treatment in the frame of immunotherapy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pinton
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Magri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Masetto
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Schibuola
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Marigo
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Kevin Matha
- Pharmacy Department, Academic Hospital, 4 rue Larrey, Angers, France.,Micro et Nanomedecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benoit
- Pharmacy Department, Academic Hospital, 4 rue Larrey, Angers, France.,Micro et Nanomedecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France
| | - Alessandro Della Puppa
- Neurosurgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy.,Department of NEUROFARBA, University Hospital of Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lollo
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Susanna Mandruzzato
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy. .,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128, Padua, Italy.
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154
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Lin P, Peng YT, Gao RZ, Wei Y, Li XJ, Huang SN, Fang YY, Wei ZX, Huang ZG, Yang H, Chen G. Radiomic profiles in diffuse glioma reveal distinct subtypes with prognostic value. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:1253-1262. [PMID: 32065261 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a radiomic approach for the stratification of diffuse gliomas with distinct prognosis and provide additional resolution of their clinicopathological and molecular characteristics. METHODS For this retrospective study, a total of 704 radiomic features were extracted from the multi-channel MRI data of 166 diffuse gliomas. Survival-associated radiomic features were identified and submitted to distinguish glioma subtypes using consensus clustering. Multi-layered molecular data were used to observe the different clinical and molecular characteristics between radiomic subtypes. The relative profiles of an array of immune cell infiltrations were measured gene set variation analysis approach to explore differences in tumor immune microenvironment. RESULTS A total of 6 categories, including 318 radiomic features were significantly correlated with the overall survival of glioma patients. Two subgroups with distinct prognosis were separated by consensus clustering of radiomic features that significantly associated with survival. Histological stage and molecular factors, including IDH status and MGMT promoter methylation status were significant differences between the two subtypes. Furthermore, gene functional enrichment analysis and immune infiltration pattern analysis also hinted that the inferior prognosis subtype may more response to immunotherapy. CONCLUSION A radiomic model derived from multi-parameter MRI of the gliomas was successful in the risk stratification of diffuse glioma patients. These data suggested that radiomics provided an alternative approach for survival estimation and may improve clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Zhi Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Li
- Department of PET-CT, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Ning Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ying Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu-Xin Wei
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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155
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Pombo Antunes AR, Scheyltjens I, Duerinck J, Neyns B, Movahedi K, Van Ginderachter JA. Understanding the glioblastoma immune microenvironment as basis for the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies. eLife 2020; 9:52176. [PMID: 32014107 PMCID: PMC7000215 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy by immune checkpoint blockade has proven its great potential by saving the lives of a proportion of late stage patients with immunogenic tumor types. However, even in these sensitive tumor types, the majority of patients do not sufficiently respond to the therapy. Furthermore, other tumor types, including glioblastoma, remain largely refractory. The glioblastoma immune microenvironment is recognized as highly immunosuppressive, posing a major hurdle for inducing immune-mediated destruction of cancer cells. Scattered information is available about the presence and activity of immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory cell types in glioblastoma tumors, including tumor-associated macrophages, tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells and regulatory T cells. These cell types are heterogeneous at the level of ontogeny, spatial distribution and functionality within the tumor immune compartment, providing insight in the complex cellular and molecular interplay that determines the immune refractory state in glioblastoma. This knowledge may also yield next generation molecular targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Pombo Antunes
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Scheyltjens
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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156
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Extracellular Vesicles Involvement in the Modulation of the Glioblastoma Environment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3961735. [PMID: 32411235 PMCID: PMC7204270 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3961735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most deadly primary brain tumour and is a paradigmatic example of heterogeneous cancer. Although expanding data propose the phenotypic plasticity exhibited by glioblastoma cells, as a critical feature involved in the tumour development and posttherapy recurrence, the central machinery responsible for their aggressiveness remains elusive. Despite decades of research, the complex biology of the glioblastoma is still unknown. Progress in genetic and epigenetic discoveries has improved diagnostic classification, prognostic information, and therapeutic planning. In the complex model of intercellular signalling, several studies have shown that extracellular vesicles have a key role in the intercellular communication among GBM cells and the tumour microenvironment modulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of the EV-mediated intercellular crosstalk in the glioblastoma physiopathology.
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157
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Wang H, Xu T, Huang Q, Jin W, Chen J. Immunotherapy for Malignant Glioma: Current Status and Future Directions. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:123-138. [PMID: 31973881 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial primary malignancy, with limited treatment options and a poor overall survival (OS). Immunotherapy has been used successfully in various cancers, leading to the development of similar therapies that activate the patient's immune system to eliminate glioma. In this review, we introduce the diverse immunotherapeutic approaches available for treating glioma, highlighting the successes and challenges resulting from current clinical trials. Additionally, we emphasize the effect of multiple clinical factors on immunotherapy to help optimize individualized treatment regimens. Finally, we also highlight several novel concepts and technologies that could be used to design new and/or improve existing immunotherapies. Such approaches will delineate a new blueprint for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China
| | - Qilin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China.
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158
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Bhavya B, Anand CR, Madhusoodanan UK, Rajalakshmi P, Krishnakumar K, Easwer HV, Deepti AN, Gopala S. To be Wild or Mutant: Role of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and 2-Hydroxy Glutarate (2-HG) in Gliomagenesis and Treatment Outcome in Glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:53-63. [PMID: 31485826 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and clinical research based on isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations is much sought after in glioma research since a decade of its discovery in 2008. IDH enzyme normally catalyzes isocitrate to α-keto-glutarate (α-KG), but once the gene is mutated it produces an 'oncometabolite', 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). 2-HG is proposed to inhibit α-KG-dependent dioxygenases and also blocks cellular differentiation. Here, we discuss the role of the IDH1 mutation in gliomagenesis. The review also focuses on the effect of 2-HG on glioma epigenetics, the cellular signaling involved in IDH1 mutant glioma cells and the therapeutic response seen in mutant IDH1(mIDH1) harboring glioma patients in comparison to the patients with wild-type IDH1. The review encompasses the debatable impacts of the mutation on immune microenvironment a propos of various mIDH1 inhibitors in practice or in trials. Recent studies revealing the relation of IDH mutation with the immune microenvironment and inflammatory status in untreated versus treated glioblastoma patients are highlighted with respect to prospective therapeutic targets. Also at the molecular level, the association of mIDH1/2-HG with the intracellular components such as mitochondria and other neighboring cells is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharathan Bhavya
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - C R Anand
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - U K Madhusoodanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - P Rajalakshmi
- Department of Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - K Krishnakumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - H V Easwer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - A N Deepti
- Department of Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India.
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159
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Belcaid Z, Berrevoets C, Choi J, van Beelen E, Stavrakaki E, Pierson T, Kloezeman J, Routkevitch D, van der Kaaij M, van der Ploeg A, Mathios D, Sleijfer S, Dirven C, Lim M, Debets R, Lamfers MLM. Low-dose oncolytic adenovirus therapy overcomes tumor-induced immune suppression and sensitizes intracranial gliomas to anti-PD-1 therapy. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa011. [PMID: 32642679 PMCID: PMC7212906 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor-selective human adenovirus Delta24-RGD is currently under investigation in phase II clinical trials for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). To improve treatments for patients with GBM, we explored the potential of combining Delta24-RGD with antibodies targeting immune checkpoints. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were intracranially injected with GL261 cells and treated with a low dose of Delta24-RGD virus. The expression dynamics of 10 co-signaling molecules known to affect immune activity was assessed in tumor-infiltrating immune cells by flow cytometry after viral injection. The antitumor activity was measured by tumor cell killing and IFNγ production in co-cultures. Efficacy of the combination viro-immunotherapy was tested in vitro and in the GL261 and CT2A orthotopic mouse GBM models. Patient-derived GBM cell cultures were treated with Delta24-RGD to assess changes in PD-L1 expression induced by virus infection. RESULTS Delta24-RGD therapy increased intratumoral CD8+ T cells expressing Inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS) and PD-1. Functionality assays confirmed a significant positive correlation between tumor cell lysis and IFNγ production in ex vivo cultures (Spearman r = 0.9524; P < .01). Co-cultures significantly increased IFNγ production upon treatment with PD-1 blocking antibodies. In vivo, combination therapy with low-dose Delta24-RGD and anti-PD-1 antibodies significantly improved outcome compared to single-agent therapy in both syngeneic mouse glioma models and increased PD-1+ tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Delta24-RGD infection induced tumor-specific changes in PD-L1 expression in primary GBM cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the potential of using low-dose Delta24-RGD therapy to sensitize glioma for combination with anti-PD-1 antibody therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zineb Belcaid
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cor Berrevoets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward van Beelen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eftychia Stavrakaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Pierson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenneke Kloezeman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Denis Routkevitch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mariëlle van der Kaaij
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alicia van der Ploeg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Mathios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Dirven
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Reno Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine L M Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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160
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Wang FX, Chen K, Huang FQ, Alolga RN, Ma J, Wu ZX, Fan Y, Ma G, Guan M. Cerebrospinal fluid-based metabolomics to characterize different types of brain tumors. J Neurol 2019; 267:984-993. [PMID: 31822990 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain tumors cause significant morbidity and mortality due to rapid progression and high recurrence risks. Reliable biomarkers to improve diagnosis thereof are desirable. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to identify panels of biomarkers for diagnostic purposes using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based metabolomics. METHODS A cohort of 163 histologically-proven patients with brain disorders was involved. Comprehensive CSF-based metabolomics was achieved by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight spectrometric (LC-Q/TOF-MS) and multivariate statistical analyses. The diagnostic performance of the metabolic markers was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS A total of 508 ion features were detected by the LC-Q/TOF-MS analysis, of which 27 metabolites were selected as diagnostic markers to discriminate different brain tumor types. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.91 for lung adenocarcinoma patients with brain metastases (MBT) vs. lung adenocarcinoma patients without brain metastases (NMBT), 0.83 for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) vs. secondary central nervous system involvement of systemic lymphoma (SCNSL), 0.77 for PCNSL vs. MBT, 0.87 for SCNSL vs. MBT, 0.86 for MBT vs. nontumorous brain diseases (NT), and 0.80 for PCNSL vs. NT. Perturbed metabolic pathways between the comparisons related mainly to amino acids and citrate metabolism. CONCLUSIONS CSF-based metabolomics to a large extent reliably identifies significant metabolic differences between different brain tumors and shows great potential for diagnosis of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xiang Wang
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Qing Huang
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, China
| | - Raphael N Alolga
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Hematology, North Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wu
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanming Fan
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ma
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming Guan
- Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Avenue, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China.
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161
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Deng X, Lin D, Chen B, Zhang X, Xu X, Yang Z, Shen X, Yang L, Lu X, Sheng H, Yin B, Zhang N, Lin J. Development and Validation of an IDH1-Associated Immune Prognostic Signature for Diffuse Lower-Grade Glioma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1310. [PMID: 31824866 PMCID: PMC6883600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene is the most common mutation in diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGGs), and it is significantly related to the prognosis of LGGs. We aimed to explore the influence of the IDH1 mutation on the immune microenvironment and develop an IDH1-associated immune prognostic signature (IPS) for predicting prognosis in LGGs. IDH1 mutation status and RNA expression were investigated in two different public cohorts. To develop an IPS, LASSO Cox analysis was conducted for immune-related genes that were differentially expressed between IDH1wt and IDH1mut LGG patients. Then, we systematically analyzed the influence of the IPS on the immune microenvironment. A total of 41 immune prognostic genes were identified based on the IDH1 mutation status. A four-gene IPS was established and LGG patients were effectively stratified into low- and high-risk groups in both the training and validation sets. Stratification analysis and multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the IPS was an independent prognostic factor. We also found that high-risk LGG patients had higher levels of infiltrating B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells, and expressed higher levels of CTLA-4, PD-1 and TIM-3. Moreover, a novel nomogram model was established to estimate the overall survival in LGG patients. The current study provides novel insights into the LGG immune microenvironment and potential immunotherapies. The proposed IPS is a clinically promising biomarker that can be used to classify LGG patients into subgroups with distinct outcomes and immunophenotypes, with the potential to facilitate individualized management and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zelin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuchao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangqi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hansong Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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162
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Chemical complementarity between immune receptor CDR3s and IDH1 mutants correlates with increased survival for lower grade glioma. Oncogene 2019; 39:1773-1783. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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163
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The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment: perspectives for therapeutic implications. Med Oncol 2019; 37:2. [PMID: 31713115 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microvasculature and immune cells are major components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Hypoxia plays a pivotal role in the TME through hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) which upregulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF, an angiogenesis stimulator, suppresses tumor immunity by inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells, and induces immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. HIF-1α directly induces immune checkpoint molecules. VEGF/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-targeted therapy as a cancer treatment has not only anti-angiogenic effects, but also immune-supportive effects. Anti-angiogenic therapy has the potential to change the immunological "cold tumors" into the "hot tumors". Glioblastoma (GB) is a hypervascular tumor with high VEGF expression which leads to development of an immuno suppressive TME. Therefore, in the last decade, several combination immunotherapies with anti-angiogenic agents have been developed for numerous tumors including GBs. In particular, combination therapy with an immune checkpoint inhibitor and VEGF/VEGFR-targeted therapy has been suggested as a synergic treatment strategy that may show favorable changes in the TME. In this article, we discuss the cross talk among immunosuppressive cells exposed to VEGF in the hypoxic TME of GBs. Current efficient combination strategies using VEGF/VEGFR-targeted therapy are reviewed and proposed as novel cancer treatments.
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164
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Verdura S, Cuyàs E, Lozano-Sánchez J, Bastidas-Velez C, Llorach-Parés L, Fernández-Arroyo S, Hernández-Aguilera A, Joven J, Nonell-Canals A, Bosch-Barrera J, Martin-Castillo B, Vellon L, Sanchez-Martinez M, Segura-Carretero A, Menendez JA. An olive oil phenolic is a new chemotype of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) inhibitors. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:27-40. [PMID: 30428017 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene confer an oncogenic gain-of-function activity that allows the conversion of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to the oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). The accumulation of 2HG inhibits α-KG-dependent histone and DNA demethylases, thereby generating genome-wide hypermethylation phenotypes with cancer-initiating properties. Several chemotypes of mutant IDH1/2-targeted inhibitors have been reported, and some of them are under evaluation in clinical trials. However, the recognition of acquired resistance to such inhibitors within a few years of clinical use raises an urgent need to discover new mutant IDH1 antagonists. Here, we report that a naturally occurring phenolic compound in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) selectively inhibits the production of 2HG by neomorphic IDH1 mutations. In silico docking, molecular dynamics, including steered simulations, predicted the ability of the oleoside decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone (DOA) to preferentially occupy the allosteric pocket of mutant IDH1. DOA inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant mutant IDH1 (R132H) protein in the low micromolar range, whereas >10-fold higher concentrations were required to inhibit the activity of wild-type (WT) IDH1. DOA suppressed 2HG overproduction in engineered human cells expressing a heterozygous IDH1-R132H mutation. DOA restored the 2HG-suppressed activity of histone demethylases as it fully reversed the hypermethylation of H3K9me3 in IDH1-mutant cells. DOA epigenetically restored the expression of PD-L1, an immunosuppressive gene silenced in IDH1 mutant cells via 2HG-driven DNA hypermethylation. DOA selectively blocked colony formation of IDH1 mutant cells while sparing WT IDH1 isogenic counterparts. In sum, the EVOO-derived oleoside DOA is a new, naturally occurring chemotype of mutant IDH1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Verdura
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Edifici M2, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Girona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Edifici M2, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Girona, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristian Bastidas-Velez
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Edifici M2, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | | | - Joaquim Bosch-Barrera
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Edifici M2, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Medical Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Begoña Martin-Castillo
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Edifici M2, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Clinical Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Luciano Vellon
- Stem Cells Laboratory, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Edifici M2, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Girona, Spain
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165
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Kesler SR, Harrison RA, Petersen ML, Rao V, Dyson H, Alfaro-Munoz K, Weathers SP, de Groot J. Pre-surgical connectome features predict IDH status in diffuse gliomas. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6484-6493. [PMID: 31741712 PMCID: PMC6849657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common type of malignant brain tumor. Clinical outcomes depend on many factors including tumor molecular characteristics. Mutation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene confers significant benefits in terms of survival and quality of life. Preoperative determination of IDH genotype can facilitate surgical planning, allow for novel clinical trial designs, and assist clinical counseling surrounding the individual patient's disease. METHODS In this study, we aimed to evaluate a novel approach for non-invasively predicting IDH status from conventional MRI via connectomics, a whole-brain network-based technique. We retrospectively extracted 93 connectome features from the preoperative, T1-weighted MRI data of 234 adult patients (148 IDH mutated) and evaluated the performance of four common machine learning models to predict IDH genotype. RESULTS Area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic were 0.76 to 0.94 with random forest (RF) showing significantly higher performance (p < 0.01) than other algorithms. Feature selection schemes and the addition of age and tumor location did not change RF performance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that connectomics is a feasible approach for preoperatively predicting IDH genotype in patients with gliomas. Our results support prior evidence that RF is an ideal machine learning method for this area of research. Additionally, connectomics provides unique insights regarding potential mechanisms of tumor genotype on large-scale brain network organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelli R. Kesler
- Cancer Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Rebecca A. Harrison
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Melissa L. Petersen
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vikram Rao
- Cancer Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Hannah Dyson
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kristin Alfaro-Munoz
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shiao-Pei Weathers
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John de Groot
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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166
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Park JW, Turcan Ş. Epigenetic Reprogramming for Targeting IDH-Mutant Malignant Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101616. [PMID: 31652645 PMCID: PMC6826741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the epigenome has been considered a compelling treatment modality for several cancers, including gliomas. Nearly 80% of the lower-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas harbor recurrent mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). Mutant IDH generates high levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) that inhibit various components of the epigenetic machinery, including histone and DNA demethylases. The encouraging results from current epigenetic therapies in hematological malignancies have reinvigorated the interest in solid tumors and gliomas, both preclinically and clinically. Here, we summarize the recent advancements in epigenetic therapy for lower-grade gliomas and discuss the challenges associated with current treatment options. A particular focus is placed on therapeutic mechanisms underlying favorable outcome with epigenetic-based drugs in basic and translational research of gliomas. This review also highlights emerging bridges to combination treatment with respect to epigenetic drugs. Given that epigenetic therapies, particularly DNA methylation inhibitors, increase tumor immunogenicity and antitumor immune responses, appropriate drug combinations with immune checkpoint inhibitors may lead to improvement of treatment effectiveness of immunotherapy, ultimately leading to tumor cell eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Whi Park
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Şevin Turcan
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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167
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Jha P, Manjunath N, Singh J, Mani K, Garg A, Kaur K, Sharma MC, Raheja A, Suri A, Sarkar C, Suri V. Analysis of PD‐L1 expression and T cell infiltration in different molecular subgroups of diffuse midline gliomas. Neuropathology 2019; 39:413-424. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prerana Jha
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Niveditha Manjunath
- Department of NeurosurgeryAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Jyotsna Singh
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Kalaivani Mani
- Department of BiostatisticsAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Ajay Garg
- Department of NeuroradiologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Kavneet Kaur
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Mehar C. Sharma
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Amol Raheja
- Department of NeurosurgeryAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Ashish Suri
- Department of NeurosurgeryAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Chitra Sarkar
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Vaishali Suri
- Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
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168
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Low-grade glioma harbors few CD8 T cells, which is accompanied by decreased expression of chemo-attractants, not immunogenic antigens. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14643. [PMID: 31601888 PMCID: PMC6787014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple tumor types, prediction of response to immune therapies relates to the presence, distribution and activation state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Although such therapies are, to date, unsuccessful in gliomas, little is known on the immune contexture of TILs in these tumors. We assessed whether low and high-grade glioma (LGG and HGG, grade II and IV respectively) differ with respect to number, location and tumor reactivity of TILs; as well as expression of molecules involved in the trafficking and activation of T cells. Intra-tumoral CD8 T cells were quantified by flow cytometry (LGG: n = 12; HGG: n = 8) and immunofluorescence (LGG: n = 28; HGG: n = 28). Neoantigen load and expression of Cancer Germline Antigens (CGAs) were assessed using whole exome sequencing and RNA-seq. TIL-derived DNA was sequenced and the variable domain of the TCRβ chain was classified according to IMGT nomenclature. QPCR was used to determine expression of T cell-related genes. CD8 T cell numbers were significantly lower in LGG and, in contrast to HGG, mainly remained in close vicinity to blood vessels. This was accompanied by lower expression of chemo-attractants CXCL9, CXCL10 and adhesion molecule ICAM1. We did not observe a difference in the number of expressed neoantigens or CGAs, nor in diversity of TCR-Vβ gene usage. In summary, LGG have lower numbers of intra-tumoral CD8 T cells compared to HGG, potentially linked to decreased T cell trafficking. We have found no evidence for distinct tumor reactivity of T cells in either tumor type. The near absence of TILs in LGG suggest that, at present, checkpoint inhibitors are unlikely to have clinical efficacy in this tumor type.
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169
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Luo ZK, Chen QF, Qu X, Zhou XY. The Roles And Signaling Pathways Of Phosphatidylethanolamine-Binding Protein 4 In Tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7685-7690. [PMID: 31571919 PMCID: PMC6755245 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s216161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 4 (PEBP4) has been found to be highly expressed in many tumors and to be closely related to the proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis of tumors. PEBP4 has also been found to be involved in many cancer-activated signaling pathways and to cause therapeutic resistance. In this study, we first reviewed the morphological structure and expression of PEBP4, then discussed the roles of PEBP4 in individualized treatment of some cancers, and finally explored the possibilities of cultivating PEBP4 as a therapeutic target.We also identified the main signaling pathways in which PEBP4 affects different cancers. It is here concluded that over-expression of PEBP4 can enhance the proliferation and metastasis of the cancer cells and the resistance to radiotherapy/chemotherapy in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Kang Luo
- Department of Clinical Medical, The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong-Feng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Qu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
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170
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Negative prognostic impact of epidermal growth factor receptor copy number gain in young adults with isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2019; 145:321-328. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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171
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Steindl A, Schlieter F, Klikovits T, Leber E, Gatterbauer B, Frischer JM, Dieckmann K, Widhalm G, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Hoda MAR, Preusser M, Berghoff AS. Prognostic assessment in patients with newly diagnosed small cell lung cancer brain metastases: results from a real-life cohort. J Neurooncol 2019; 145:85-95. [PMID: 31456143 PMCID: PMC6775039 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purposes Brain metastases (BM) are a frequent complication in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), resulting in a reduced survival prognosis. Precise prognostic assessment is an important foundation for treatment decisions and clinical trial planning. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed SCLC BM were identified from the Vienna Brain Metastasis Registry and evaluated concerning prognostic factors. Results 489 patients (male 62.2%, female 37.8%; median age 61 years) were included. Neurological symptoms were present in 297/489 (60.7%) patients. A- to oligosymptomatic patients (5 vs. 9 months, p = 0.030) as well as patients with synchronous diagnosis of BM and primary tumor (5 vs. 9 months, p = 0.008) presented with improved overall survival (OS) prognosis. RPA (HR 1.66; 95% CI 1.44–1.91; p < 0.001), GPA (HR 1.65; p < 0.001), DS-GPA (HR 1.60; p < 0.001) and LabBM score (HR 1.69; p < 0.001) were statistically significantly associated with OS. In multivariate analysis, DS-GPA (HR 1.59; p < 0.001), neurological deficits (HR 1.26; p = 0.021) and LabBM score (HR 1.57; p < 0.001) presented with statistical independent association with OS. Conclusion A- to oligosymptomatic BM as well as synchronous diagnosis of SCLC and BM were associated with improved OS. Established prognostic scores could be validated in this large SCLC BM real-life cohort. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11060-019-03269-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Steindl
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Schlieter
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Leber
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Gatterbauer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josa M Frischer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Dieckmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Widhalm
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mir Ali Reza Hoda
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Berghoff
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Adilijiang A, Hirano M, Okuno Y, Aoki K, Ohka F, Maeda S, Tanahashi K, Motomura K, Shimizu H, Yamaguchi J, Wakabayashi T, Natsume A. Next Generation Sequencing-Based Transcriptome Predicts Bevacizumab Efficacy in Combination with Temozolomide in Glioblastoma. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173046. [PMID: 31443404 PMCID: PMC6749405 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and malignant brain tumor, is classified according to its isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) brain tumor classification scheme. The standard treatment for GBM is maximal resection, radiotherapy, and Temozolomide (TMZ). Recently, Bevacizumab (Bev) has been added to basic therapy for newly diagnosed GBM, and monotherapy for recurrent GBM. However, the effect of IDH1 mutation on the combination of Bev and TMZ is unknown. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis by RNA sequencing with next generation sequencing (NGS), a newly developed powerful method that enables the quantification of the expression level of genome-wide genes. Extracellular matrix and immune cell migration genes were mainly upregulated whereas cell cycle genes were downregulated in IDH1-mutant U87 cells but not in IDH1-wildtype U87 cells after adding Bev to TMZ. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted for further investigations to verify these results, and the addition of Bev to TMZ showed a significant antitumor effect only in the IDH1-mutant GBM xenograft model. Further studies of gene expression profiling in IDH1 mutation gliomas using NGS will provide more genetic information and will lead to new treatments for this refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimu Adilijiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Masaki Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya 4668560, Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Sachi Maeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Tanahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Junya Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Japan.
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173
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Boscoe AN, Rolland C, Kelley RK. Frequency and prognostic significance of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutations in cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic literature review. J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 10:751-765. [PMID: 31392056 PMCID: PMC6657309 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.03.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recognition of distinct molecular subgroups within cholangiocarcinoma (CC), along with the increasing availability of targeted therapies, suggests that further characterization of the prevalence and prognosis of frequently occurring subgroups may assist with the development of more effective treatment approaches for the management of CC. A systematic review was performed to investigate the prevalence of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations (mIDH1) in patients with CC, the possible clinical and prognostic significance of mIDH1, and the presence of co-mutations in tumors with mIDH1. METHODS This review was conducted using the Cochrane dual-reviewer methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Searches were performed in Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Trials Register and Database of Systematic Reviews, and other Cochrane Library assets using terms for CC and mIDH1 with no language or date restrictions for articles published up to December 31, 2017. Searches were also performed of abstracts presented at the following conferences in 2016 and 2017: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), ASCO-Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium (ASCO-GI), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), and ESMO-Asia. Screening was performed separately by two reviewers and cross-checked. Any discrepancies between reviewers were resolved by a senior researcher. Data from all selected references were recorded in a data extraction grid. RESULTS A total of 46 publications met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of these publications, 45 reported the frequency of mIDH1 among a total sample of 5,393 patients with CC. mIDH1 was enriched in intrahepatic CC (ICC), with 552 (13.1%; 95% CI, 12.1-14.2) of the 4,214 patients with ICC having the mutation compared with 9 (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.4-1.5%) of the 1,123 patients with extrahepatic CC (ECC). The percentage of females with mIDH1 CC (66.2%; 95% CI, 57.7-73.7%) was higher than in the overall CC population (44.4%). The frequency of mIDH1 in patients with ICC reported in individual studies ranged from 4.5-55.6%, and a significantly higher frequency was reported in non-Asian centers compared with Asian centers (weighted mean, 16.5% vs. 8.8%; P<0.001). The prevalence of mIDH1 in patients with ICC at USA centers was 18.0% (95% CI, 16.4-19.8%). Eleven publications reported the prevalence of co-mutations in patients with mIDH1 ICC, with the most frequent being AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) (22.0%), BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) (15.5%), and PBRM1 (13.3%). Eight publications investigated the possible prognostic significance of mIDH1. None of the studies reported a statistically significant association between mIDH1 and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or time to progression. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review substantiates the prevalence of mIDH1 in CC and further characterizes clinical, pathologic, and genetic covariates within this sub-population. Co-mutation data may inform future studies of mechanisms of response and resistance to mIDH1-targeted therapies.
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174
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Akhavan D, Alizadeh D, Wang D, Weist MR, Shepphird JK, Brown CE. CAR T cells for brain tumors: Lessons learned and road ahead. Immunol Rev 2019; 290:60-84. [PMID: 31355493 PMCID: PMC6771592 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors, including glioblastoma, represent some of the most difficult to treat of solid tumors. Nevertheless, recent progress in immunotherapy, across a broad range of tumor types, provides hope that immunological approaches will have the potential to improve outcomes for patients with brain tumors. Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cells, a promising immunotherapeutic modality, utilizes the tumor targeting specificity of any antibody or receptor ligand to redirect the cytolytic potency of T cells. The remarkable clinical response rates of CD19-targeted CAR T cells and early clinical experiences in glioblastoma demonstrating safety and evidence for disease modifying activity support the potential of further advancements ultimately providing clinical benefit for patients. The brain, however, is an immune specialized organ presenting unique and specific challenges to immune-based therapies. Remaining barriers to be overcome for achieving effective CAR T cell therapy in the central nervous system (CNS) include tumor antigenic heterogeneity, an immune-suppressive microenvironment, unique properties of the CNS that limit T cell entry, and risks of immune-based toxicities in this highly sensitive organ. This review will summarize preclinical and clinical data for CAR T cell immunotherapy in glioblastoma and other malignant brain tumors, including present obstacles to advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Akhavan
- Department of Radiation OncologyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
| | - Darya Alizadeh
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell TransplantationBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
- Department of Immuno‐OncologyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
| | - Dongrui Wang
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell TransplantationBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
- Department of Immuno‐OncologyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
| | - Michael R. Weist
- Department of Immuno‐OncologyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and TherapyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
| | - Jennifer K. Shepphird
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell TransplantationBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
- Department of Immuno‐OncologyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
| | - Christine E. Brown
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell TransplantationBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
- Department of Immuno‐OncologyBeckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCalifornia
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175
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Unruh D, Zewde M, Buss A, Drumm MR, Tran AN, Scholtens DM, Horbinski C. Methylation and transcription patterns are distinct in IDH mutant gliomas compared to other IDH mutant cancers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8946. [PMID: 31222125 PMCID: PMC6586617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDHmut) are present in a variety of cancers, including glioma, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), melanoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. These mutations promote hypermethylation, yet it is only a favorable prognostic marker in glioma, for reasons that are unclear. We hypothesized that the patterns of DNA methylation, and transcriptome profiles, would vary among IDHmut cancers, especially gliomas. Using Illumina 450K and RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we show that of 365,092 analyzed CpG sites, 70,591 (19%) were hypermethylated in IDHmut gliomas compared to wild-type (IDHwt) gliomas, and only 3%, 2%, and 4% of CpG sites were hypermethylated in IDHmut AML, melanoma, and cholangiocarcinoma, relative to each of their IDHwt counterparts. Transcriptome differences showed pro-malignant genes that appear to be unique to IDHmut gliomas. However, genes involved in differentiation and immune response were suppressed in all IDHmut cancers. Additionally, IDHmut caused a greater degree of hypermethylation in undifferentiated neural progenitor cells than in mature astrocytes. These data suggest that the extent and targets of IDHmut-induced genomic hypermethylation vary greatly according to the cellular context and may help explain why IDHmut is only a favorable prognostic marker in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusten Unruh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Makda Zewde
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Adam Buss
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Michael R Drumm
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Anh N Tran
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Denise M Scholtens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Sahm F, Wick A. ID(H)entifying checkpoint inhibitor candidates among diffuse glioma. Neuro Oncol 2019; 19:1427-1428. [PMID: 29036631 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Heidelberg and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Wick
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Heidelberg and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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177
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Shen X, Zhang L, Li J, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu ZX. Recent Findings in the Regulation of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1337. [PMID: 31258527 PMCID: PMC6587331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent approvals for the application of monoclonal antibodies that target the well-characterized immune checkpoints, immune therapy shows great potential against both solid and hematologic tumors. The use of these therapeutic monoclonal antibodies elicits inspiring clinical results with durable objective responses and improvements in overall survival. Agents targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; also known as PDCD1) and its ligand (PD-L1) achieve a great success in immune checkpoints therapy. However, the majority of patients fail to respond to PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibitors. Expression of PD-L1 on the membrane of tumor and immune cells has been shown to be associated with enhanced objective response rates to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. Thus, an improved understanding of how PD-L1 expression is regulated will enable us to better define its role as a predictive marker. In this review, we summarize recent findings in the regulation of PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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178
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Consequences of IDH1/2 Mutations in Gliomas and an Assessment of Inhibitors Targeting Mutated IDH Proteins. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050968. [PMID: 30857299 PMCID: PMC6429355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH) 1 and 2 are key metabolic enzymes that generate reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to maintain a pool of reduced glutathione and peroxiredoxin, and produce α-ketoglutarate, a co-factor of numerous enzymes. IDH1/2 is mutated in ~70–80% of lower-grade gliomas and the majority of secondary glioblastomas. The mutant IDH1 (R132H), in addition to losing its normal catalytic activity, gains the function of producing the d-(R)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). Overproduction of 2-HG in cancer cells interferes with cellular metabolism and inhibits histone and DNA demethylases, which results in histone and DNA hypermethylation and the blockade of cellular differentiation. We summarize recent findings characterizing molecular mechanisms underlying oncogenic alterations associated with mutated IDH1/2, and their impact on tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity. Isoform-selective IDH inhibitors which suppress 2-HG production and induce antitumor responses in cells with IDH1 and IDH2 mutations were developed and validated in preclinical settings. Inhibitors of mutated IDH1/2 enzymes entered clinical trials and represent a novel drug class for targeted therapy of gliomas. We describe the development of small-molecule compounds and peptide vaccines targeting IDH-mutant gliomas and the results of their testing in preclinical and clinical studies. All those results support the translational potential of strategies targeting gliomas carrying IDH1 mutations.
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179
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Richardson LG, Choi BD, Curry WT. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate drives immune quiescence in the tumor microenvironment of IDH-mutant gliomas. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:S167-S170. [PMID: 30956952 PMCID: PMC6448779 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leland G Richardson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bryan D Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William T Curry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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180
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Caccese M, Indraccolo S, Zagonel V, Lombardi G. PD-1/PD-L1 immune-checkpoint inhibitors in glioblastoma: A concise review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 135:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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181
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Pinton L, Masetto E, Vettore M, Solito S, Magri S, D'Andolfi M, Del Bianco P, Lollo G, Benoit JP, Okada H, Diaz A, Della Puppa A, Mandruzzato S. The immune suppressive microenvironment of human gliomas depends on the accumulation of bone marrow-derived macrophages in the center of the lesion. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:58. [PMID: 30813960 PMCID: PMC6391795 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic and local immune suppression plays a significant role in glioma progression. Glioma microenvironment contains both brain-resident microglial cells (MG) and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), but the study of their functional and immune regulatory activity has been hampered until now by the lack of markers allowing a proper identification and isolation to collect pure populations. METHODS Myeloid and lymphoid infiltrate were characterized in grade II, III and IV gliomas by multicolor flow cytometry, along with the composition of the cell subsets of circulating myeloid cells. Macrophages were sorted and tested for their immunosuppressive ability. Moreover, following preoperative administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid to patients, distinct areas of tumor lesion were surgically removed and analyzed, based on protoporphyrin IX fluorescence emission. RESULTS The immune microenvironment of grade II to grade IV gliomas contains a large proportion of myeloid cells and a small proportion of lymphocytes expressing markers of dysfunctional activity. BMDM and resident MG cells were characterized through a combination of markers, thus permitting their geographical identification in the lesions, their sorting and subsequent analysis of the functional characteristics. The infiltration by BMDM reached the highest percentages in grade IV gliomas, and it increased from the periphery to the center of the lesion, where it exerted a strong immunosuppression that was, instead, absent in the marginal area. By contrast, MG showed little or no suppression. Functional differences, such as iron metabolism and phagocytosis, characterized resident versus blood-derived macrophages. Significant alterations in circulating monocytes were present in grade IV patients, correlating with accumulation of tumor macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Grade IV gliomas have an alteration in both circulating and tumor-associated myeloid cells and, differently from grade II and III gliomas, show a significant presence of blood-derived, immune suppressive macrophages. BMDM and MG have different functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pinton
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Masetto
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Marina Vettore
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Samantha Solito
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Magri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta D'Andolfi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64 35128, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Lollo
- LUNAM Universite - Micro et Nanomedecines Biomimetiques, F-49933, Angers, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, F-69100, VILLEURBANNE, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benoit
- INSERM U1066/CNRS 6021 University of ANGERS, cedex 9, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Diaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Susanna Mandruzzato
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64 35128, Padova, Italy.
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D-2-Hydroxyglutarate and L-2-Hydroxyglutarate Inhibit IL-12 Secretion by Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030742. [PMID: 30744183 PMCID: PMC6387367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) or a reduced expression of L-2-hydroxyglutarate (HG)-dehydrogenase result in accumulation of D-2-HG or L-2-HG, respectively, in tumor tissues. D-2-HG and L-2-HG have been shown to affect T-cell differentiation and activation; however, effects on human myeloid cells have not been investigated so far. In this study we analyzed the impact of D-2-HG and L-2-HG on activation and maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). 2-HG was taken up by DCs and had no impact on cell viability but diminished CD83 expression after Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation. Furthermore, D-2-HG and L-2-HG significantly reduced IL-12 secretion but had no impact on other cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10 or TNF. Gene expression analyses of the IL-12 subunits p35/IL-12A and p40/IL-12B in DCs revealed decreased expression of both subunits. Signaling pathways involved in LPS-induced cytokine expression (NFkB, Akt, p38) were not altered by D-2-HG. However, 2-HG reprogrammed LPS-induced metabolic changes in DCs and increased oxygen consumption. Addition of the ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin to DC cultures increased IL-12 secretion and was able to partially revert the effect of 2-HG. Our data show that both enantiomers of 2-HG can limit activation of DCs in the tumor environment.
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183
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Chuntova P, Downey KM, Hegde B, Almeida ND, Okada H. Genetically Engineered T-Cells for Malignant Glioma: Overcoming the Barriers to Effective Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3062. [PMID: 30740109 PMCID: PMC6357938 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas carry a dismal prognosis. Conventional treatment using chemo- and radiotherapy has limited efficacy with adverse events. Therapy with genetically engineered T-cells, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, may represent a promising approach to improve patient outcomes owing to their potential ability to attack highly infiltrative tumors in a tumor-specific manner and possible persistence of the adaptive immune response. However, the unique anatomical features of the brain and susceptibility of this organ to irreversible tissue damage have made immunotherapy especially challenging in the setting of glioma. With safety concerns in mind, multiple teams have initiated clinical trials using CAR T-cells in glioma patients. The valuable lessons learnt from those trials highlight critical areas for further improvement: tackling the issues of the antigen presentation and T-cell homing in the brain, immunosuppression in the glioma microenvironment, antigen heterogeneity and off-tumor toxicity, and the adaptation of existing clinical therapies to reflect the intricacies of immune response in the brain. This review summarizes the up-to-date clinical outcomes of CAR T-cell clinical trials in glioma patients and examines the most pressing hurdles limiting the efficacy of these therapies. Furthermore, this review uses these hurdles as a framework upon which to evaluate cutting-edge pre-clinical strategies aiming to overcome those barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Chuntova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kira M Downey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bindu Hegde
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Neil D Almeida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Cancer Immunotherapy Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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184
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Malta TM, de Souza CF, Sabedot TS, Silva TC, Mosella MS, Kalkanis SN, Snyder J, Castro AVB, Noushmehr H. Glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP): biological and clinical implications. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:608-620. [PMID: 29036500 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a heterogeneous group of brain tumors with distinct biological and clinical properties. Despite advances in surgical techniques and clinical regimens, treatment of high-grade glioma remains challenging and carries dismal rates of therapeutic success and overall survival. Challenges include the molecular complexity of gliomas, as well as inconsistencies in histopathological grading, resulting in an inaccurate prediction of disease progression and failure in the use of standard therapy. The updated 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system reflects a refinement of tumor diagnostics by integrating the genotypic and phenotypic features, thereby narrowing the defined subgroups. The new classification recommends molecular diagnosis of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutational status in gliomas. IDH-mutant gliomas manifest the cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP). Notably, the recent identification of clinically relevant subsets of G-CIMP tumors (G-CIMP-high and G-CIMP-low) provides a further refinement in glioma classification that is independent of grade and histology. This scheme may be useful for predicting patient outcome and may be translated into effective therapeutic strategies tailored to each patient. In this review, we highlight the evolution of our understanding of the G-CIMP subsets and how recent advances in characterizing the genome and epigenome of gliomas may influence future basic and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tathiane M Malta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila F de Souza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais S Sabedot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago C Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maritza S Mosella
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven N Kalkanis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - James Snyder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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185
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Chen RQ, Liu F, Qiu XY, Chen XQ. The Prognostic and Therapeutic Value of PD-L1 in Glioma. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1503. [PMID: 30687086 PMCID: PMC6333638 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common type of primary brain tumors. After standard treatment regimen (surgical section, radiotherapy and chemotherapy), the average survival time remains merely around 14 months for glioblastoma (grade IV glioma). Recent immune therapy targeting to the immune inhibitory checkpoint axis, i.e., programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 (i.e., CD274 or B7-H1), has achieved breakthrough in many cancers but still not in glioma. PD-L1 is considered a major prognostic biomarker for immune therapy in many cancers, with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies being used. However, the expression and subcellular distribution of PD-L1 in glioma cells exhibits great variance in different studies, severely impairing PD-L1's value as therapeutic and prognostic biomarker in glioma. The role of PD-L1 in modulating immune therapy is complicated. In addition, endogenous PD-L1 plays tumorigenic roles in glioma development. In this review, we summarize PD-L1 mRNA expression and protein levels detected by using different methods and antibodies in human glioma tissues in all literatures, and we evaluate the prognostic value of PD-L1 in glioma. We also summarize the relationships between PD-L1 and immune cell infiltration in glioma. The mechanisms regulating PD-L1 expression and the oncogenic roles of endogenous PD-L1 are discussed. Further, the therapeutic results of using anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies or PD-L1 knockdown are summarized and evaluated. In summary, current results support that PD-L1 is not only a prognostic biomarker of immune therapy, but also a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Qiao Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Yao Qiu
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Qian Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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186
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Amankulor N, Zhang X, Safonova A, Rao A. Role of natural killer cells in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutant glioma pathogenesis and emerging therapies. GLIOMA 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/glioma.glioma_10_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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187
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The effects of 2-hydroxyglutarate on the tumorigenesis of gliomas. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2018; 22:215-222. [PMID: 30783384 PMCID: PMC6377424 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2018.82642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation of the isocitrate-dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes is one of the central research topics regarding gliomagenesis. Indeed, 70% of gliomas are associated with a gain-of-function IDH mutation and consequently synthesize the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). This review aims to elucidate the effects of 2-HG on gliomagenesis. 2-HG promotes tumorigenesis by impacting metabolism, vascularization and altering the epigenome of glioma cells. Glioma metabolism and vascularization is altered by 2-HG's effect on the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and inhibition of endostatin. However, 2-HG's impacts on epigenetic mechanisms are more profound to gliomagenesis. Through competitive inhibition of JHDMs and TET proteins, 2-HG orchestrates histone and DNA hypermethylation, which is associated with gene silencing and dedifferentiation of cells. The hypermethylator phenotype induced by 2-HG also results in alterations of the interaction of the immune system with the tumour. Additionally, this study reviews 2-HG promotion of tumorigenesis by inhibiting repair of DNA alkylation damage through competitive inhibition of AlkB proteins.
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188
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Picca A, Berzero G, Di Stefano AL, Sanson M. The clinical use of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:1041-1051. [PMID: 30427756 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1548935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Mutations in the genes isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 have been reported in a limited number of tumors. In gliomas, IDH mutations are primarily detected in WHO grade II-III tumors and represent a major biomarker with diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive implications. The recent development of IDH inhibitors and vaccines suggests that the IDH mutation is also an appealing target for therapy. Areas covered: This review focuses on the role of IDH mutations in diffuse gliomas. Besides discussing their role in gliomagenesis, we will emphasize the role of IDH mutations in clinical practice as a diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker, and as a potential therapeutic target. Noninvasive detection of the IDH mutation by means of liquid biopsy and MR spectroscopy will also be discussed. Expert commentary: While IDH mutation is a consolidated diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in clinical practice, its role in oncogenesis is far from being elucidated, and there are several pending issues. The routine use of noninvasive techniques for detection and monitoring of the IDH status remains challenging. Although the IDH mutation is a very early alteration in gliomagenesis, it may then be omitted during tumor progression. This observation has important implications when designing targeted clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Picca
- a Neuroscience Consortium , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Giulia Berzero
- b Neuroncology Unit , IRCCS Mondino Foundation , Pavia , Italy.,c Biomedical Sciences , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- d Sorbonne Universités , Paris , France.,e Department of Neurology , Foch Hospital , Suresnes, Paris , France
| | - Marc Sanson
- d Sorbonne Universités , Paris , France.,f Service de Neurologie 2 , AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris , France
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189
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Buerki RA, Chheda ZS, Okada H. Immunotherapy of Primary Brain Tumors: Facts and Hopes. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5198-5205. [PMID: 29871908 PMCID: PMC6214775 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The field of cancer immunotherapy has made exciting progress for some cancer types in recent years. However, recent failures of late-phase clinical trials evaluating checkpoint blockade in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) represent continued challenges for brain cancer immunotherapy. This is likely due to multiple factors including but not limited to marked genetic and antigenic heterogeneity, relatively low mutational loads, and paucity of GBM-infiltrating T cells. We review recent and ongoing studies targeting the checkpoint molecules as monotherapy or in combination with other modalities, and discuss the mechanisms underlying the unresponsiveness of GBM to single-modality immunotherapy approaches. We also discuss other novel immunotherapy approaches that may promote T-cell responses and overcome the "cold tumor" status of GBM, including oncolytic viruses and adoptive T-cell therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5198-205. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Buerki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Zinal S Chheda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
- The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California
- Cancer Immunotherapy Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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190
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Gao M, Lin Y, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang Y, Guo Z. ISG20 promotes local tumor immunity and contributes to poor survival in human glioma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 8:e1534038. [PMID: 30713788 PMCID: PMC6343791 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1534038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has confirmed that a mutation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene occurs early in gliomagenesis and contributes to suppressed immunity. The present study aimed to determine the candidate genes associated with IDH mutation status that could serve as biomarkers of immune suppression for improved prognosis prediction. Clinical information and RNA-seq gene expression data were collected for 932 glioma samples from the CGGA and TCGA databases, and differentially expressed genes in both lower-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma (GBM) samples were identified according to IDH mutation status. Only one gene, interferon-stimulated exonuclease gene 20 (ISG20), with reduced expression in IDH mutant tumors, demonstrated significant prognostic value. ISG20 expression level significantly increased with increasing tumor grade, and its high expression was associated with a poor clinical outcome. Moreover, increased ISG20 expression was associated with increased infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages and neutrophils, and suppressed adaptive immune response. ISG20 expression was also positively correlated with PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4 expression, along with the levels of several chemokines. We conclude that ISG20 is a useful biomarker to identify IDH-mediated immune processes in glioma and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas network, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas network, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas network, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas network, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas network, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zongze Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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191
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Waitkus MS, Diplas BH, Yan H. Biological Role and Therapeutic Potential of IDH Mutations in Cancer. Cancer Cell 2018; 34:186-195. [PMID: 29805076 PMCID: PMC6092238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hotspot mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) occur in a variety of myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Mutant IDH proteins acquire a neomorphic enzyme activity to produce the putative oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate, which is thought to block cellular differentiation by competitively inhibiting α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases involved in histone and DNA demethylation. Small-molecule inhibitors of mutant IDH1 and IDH2 have been developed and are progressing through pre-clinical and clinical development. In this review, we provide an overview of mutant IDH-targeted therapy and discuss a number of important recent pre-clinical studies using models of IDH-mutant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Waitkus
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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192
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Zhang L, Sorensen MD, Kristensen BW, Reifenberger G, McIntyre TM, Lin F. D-2-Hydroxyglutarate Is an Intercellular Mediator in IDH-Mutant Gliomas Inhibiting Complement and T Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5381-5391. [PMID: 30006485 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Somatic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-1 and -2 genes are remarkably penetrant in diffuse gliomas. These highly effective gain-of-function mutations enable mutant IDH to efficiently metabolize isocitrate to D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D 2-HG) that accumulates to high concentrations within the tumor microenvironment. D 2-HG is an intracellular effector that promotes tumor growth through widespread epigenetic changes in IDH-mutant tumor cells, but its potential role as an intercellular immune regulator remains understudied.Experimental Design: Complement activation and CD4+, CD8+, or FOXP3+ T-cell infiltration into primary tumor tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry using sections from 72 gliomas of World Health Organization (WHO) grade III and IV with or without IDH mutations. Ex vivo experiments with D 2-HG identified immune inhibitory mechanisms.Results: IDH mutation associated with significantly reduced complement activation and decreased numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with comparable FOXP3+/CD4+ ratios. D 2-HG potently inhibited activation of complement by the classical and alternative pathways, attenuated complement-mediated glioma cell damage, decreased cellular C3b(iC3b) opsonization, and impaired complement-mediated phagocytosis. Although D 2-HG did not affect dendritic cell differentiation or function, it significantly inhibited activated T-cell migration, proliferation, and cytokine secretion.Conclusions: D 2-HG suppresses the host immune system, potentially promoting immune escape of IDH-mutant tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5381-91. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mia D Sorensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Bjarne W Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas M McIntyre
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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193
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Checkpoint inhibitors as treatment for malignant gliomas: "A long way to the top". Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 69:121-131. [PMID: 29966936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal malignant brain tumor in adults, with a very poor prognosis of less than two years despite surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. To date, targeted agents and antiangiogenic therapy have failed to show survival benefits and novel treatment approaches are urgently needed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently revolutionized the landscape of cancer immunotherapy achieving regulatory approvals for a number of other 'historically' resistant cancers. These exciting successes have generated great interest in investigating if these agents could be such effective also in brain tumors field. Moreover, the traditional dogma that considers the central nervous system (CNS) as an immune-privileged site lacking the potential for immunosurveillance has been challenged as it has become clear that the CNS is immunoactive. Critical barriers to an effective antitumor immunity in brain tumor patients are still represented by the peculiar CNS immunological milieu and the numerous systemic and local immunosuppressive forces exhibited by malignant gliomas to avoid immune recognition and cellular death. This review describes the current status of checkpoint modulation as treatment for malignant gliomas. We start illustrating the compelling molecular and immunological rationale, than we show striking preclinical evidence of activity and discuss available data from prospective clinical trials. Furthermore, we explore the role of predictive biomarkers of responsiveness to checkpoint blockade in the context of gliomas, along with the development of combinatorial and potentially synergistic approaches with other established anti-cancer treatments or complementary immunotherapeutic modalities.
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194
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Luoto S, Hermelo I, Vuorinen EM, Hannus P, Kesseli J, Nykter M, Granberg KJ. Computational Characterization of Suppressive Immune Microenvironments in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5574-5585. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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195
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Expression-based intrinsic glioma subtypes are prognostic in low-grade gliomas of the EORTC22033-26033 clinical trial. Eur J Cancer 2018; 94:168-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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196
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Mu L, Long Y, Yang C, Jin L, Tao H, Ge H, Chang YE, Karachi A, Kubilis PS, De Leon G, Qi J, Sayour EJ, Mitchell DA, Lin Z, Huang J. The IDH1 Mutation-Induced Oncometabolite, 2-Hydroxyglutarate, May Affect DNA Methylation and Expression of PD-L1 in Gliomas. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:82. [PMID: 29643764 PMCID: PMC5882817 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant gliomas are heterogeneous brain tumors with the potential for aggressive disease progression, as influenced by suppressive immunoediting. Given the success and enhanced potential of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in immunotherapy, we focused on the connections between genetic alterations affected by IDH1 mutations and immunological landscape changes and PDL-1 expression in gliomas. Methods: Paired surgically resected tumors from lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) and glioblastomas (GBM) were investigated, and a genetic analysis of patients' primary tumor samples culled from TCGA datasets was performed. Results: The results demonstrate that when compared with IDH1-mutant tumors, IDH1 wildtype tumors represent an immunosuppression landscape and elevated levels of PD-L1 expression. DNA hypo-methylation of the PD-L1 gene, as well as high gene and protein expressions, were observed in the wildtype tumors. We also found that quantitative levels of IDH1 mutant proteins were positively associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). A key product of the IDH1 mutation (2-hydroxyglutarate) was found to transiently increase DNA methylation and suppress PD-L1 expression. Conclusions: IDH1 mutations impact the immune landscape of gliomas by affecting immune infiltrations and manipulating checkpoint ligand PD-L1 expression. Applications of immune checkpoint inhibitors may be beneficial for chemoradiation-insensitive IDH1-wildtype gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Mu
- The Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The First Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Long
- The Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Changlin Yang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Linchun Jin
- The Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Haipeng Tao
- The Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Haitao Ge
- The Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yifan E Chang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Aida Karachi
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Paul S Kubilis
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gabriel De Leon
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jiping Qi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Elias J Sayour
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Zhiguo Lin
- The Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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197
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Böttcher M, Renner K, Berger R, Mentz K, Thomas S, Cardenas-Conejo ZE, Dettmer K, Oefner PJ, Mackensen A, Kreutz M, Mougiakakos D. D-2-hydroxyglutarate interferes with HIF-1α stability skewing T-cell metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation and impairing Th17 polarization. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1445454. [PMID: 29900057 PMCID: PMC5993507 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1445454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) is released by various types of malignant cells including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts carrying isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gain-of-function mutations. D-2HG acting as an oncometabolite promotes proliferation, anoikis, and differentiation block of hematopoietic cells in an autocrine fashion. However, prognostic impact of IDH mutations and high D-2HG levels remains controversial and might depend on the overall mutational context. An increasing number of studies focus on the permissive environment created by AML blasts to promote immune evasion. Impact of D-2HG on immune cells remains incompletely understood. Here, we sought out to investigate the effects of D-2HG on T-cells as key mediators of anti-AML immunity. D-2HG was efficiently taken up by T-cells in vitro, which is in line with high 2-HG levels measured in T-cells isolated from AML patients carrying IDH mutations. T-cell activation was slightly impacted by D-2HG. However, D-2HG triggered HIF-1a protein destabilization resulting in metabolic skewing towards oxidative phosphorylation, increased regulatory T-cell (Treg) frequency, and reduced T helper 17 (Th17) polarization. Our data suggest for the first time that D-2HG might contribute to fine tuning of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Böttcher
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Renner
- Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Raffaela Berger
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Mentz
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Thomas
- Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marina Kreutz
- Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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198
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Marosi C. Methylation of PD-1 Promoter Gene as New Prognostic Marker for IDH Mutant Low-Grade Glioma? EBioMedicine 2018; 29:9-10. [PMID: 29487022 PMCID: PMC5925618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Marosi
- Clinical Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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199
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Qian Z, Li Y, Fan X, Zhang C, Wang Y, Jiang T, Liu X. Molecular and clinical characterization of IDH associated immune signature in lower-grade gliomas. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1434466. [PMID: 29872572 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1434466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) affect the development and prognosis of gliomas. We investigated the role of IDH mutations in the regulation of immune phenotype in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs).Method and patients: A total of 1,008 cases with clinical and IDH mutation data from five cohorts were enrolled. Samples with RNA sequencing data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) were used as training set, whereas RNA data from the Cancer Genome Atlas, Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia, GSE16011, and CGGA microarray databases were used for validation. R language tools and bioinformatics analysis were used for gene signature construction and biological function annotation.Results: We found that IDH mutations caused down-regulation of local immune response as among 332 immune system-related genes, 196(59.0%) were differentially expressed according to IDH mutation status. Nearly 70% of those differentially expressed genes exhibited prognostic value in LGGs. An immune response-based gene signature was constructed that distinguished cases with high- or low-risk of unfavorable prognosis and remained an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analyses in both training and validation cohorts. Samples from high-risk cases exhibited elevated expression of genes involved in immune response and NF-κB pathway activation. Furthermore, we found a strong correlation between the risk score and T cells, macrophage-related immune response, and expression of several prominent immune checkpoints.Conclusion: Our results indicated that mutant IDH is highly associated with the regulation of the immune microenvironment in LGGs. The observed immune system gene signature, which was sensitive to IDH mutation status, efficiently predicted patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Qian
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinyan Wang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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200
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Gusyatiner O, Hegi ME. Glioma epigenetics: From subclassification to novel treatment options. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 51:50-58. [PMID: 29170066 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumors, of which glioblastoma is the most malignant form (WHO grade IV), and notorious for treatment resistance. Over the last decade mutations in epigenetic regulator genes have been identified as key drivers of subtypes of gliomas with distinct clinical features. Most characteristic are mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 in lower grade gliomas, and histone 3 mutations in pediatric high grade gliomas that are also associated with characteristic DNA methylation patterns. Furthermore, in adult glioblastoma patients epigenetic silencing of the DNA repair gene MGMT by promoter methylation is predictive for benefit from alkylating agent therapy. These epigenetic alterations are used as biomarkers and play a central role for classification of gliomas (WHO 2016) and treatment decisions. Here we review the pivotal role of epigenetic alterations in the etiology and biology of gliomas. We summarize the complex interactions between "driver" mutations, DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and overall chromatin organization, and how they inform current efforts of testing epigenetic compounds and combinations in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gusyatiner
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Neuroscience Research Center and Service of Neurosurgery, Lausanne University Hospital, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Monika E Hegi
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Neuroscience Research Center and Service of Neurosurgery, Lausanne University Hospital, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
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