151
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Kalinkovich A, Livshits G. A cross talk between dysbiosis and gut-associated immune system governs the development of inflammatory arthropathies. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2019; 49:474-484. [PMID: 31208713 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis, imbalanced gut microbial community, might be a key player in the development of various diseases, including inflammatory arthropathies, such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis (mainly, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis), and osteoarthritis. Yet, the underlying mechanisms and corresponding interactions remain poorly understood. METHODS We conducted a critical and extensive literature review to explore the association between dysbiosis and the development of inflammatory arthropathies. We also reviewed the literature to assess the perspectives that ameliorate inflammatory arthropathies by manipulating the microbiota with probiotics, prebiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation. RESULTS Some bacterial species (e.g. Prevotella, Citrobacter rodentium, Collinsella aerofaciens, Segmented filamentous bacteria) participate in the creation of the pro-inflammatory immune status, presumably via epitope mimicry, modification of self-antigens, enhanced cell apoptosis mechanisms, and destruction of tight junction proteins and intestinal barrier integrity, all leading to the development and maintainance of inflammatory arthropathies. Whether dysbiosis is an epiphenomenon or is an active driver of these disorders remains unclear, yet, recent observations clearly suggest that dysbiosis precedes and triggers their development implying a causative relationship between dysbiosis and inflammatory arthropathies. The underlying mechanisms include dysbiosis-mediated changes in the functional activity of the intestinal immune cell subsets, such as innate lymphoid cells, mucosa-associated invariant T cells, invariant natural killer T cells, T-follicular helper and T-regulatory cells. In turn, disturbed functionality of the gut-associated immune system is shown to promote the overgrowth of many bacteria, thus establishing a detrimental vicious circle of actively maintaining arthritis. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the data described in the review supports the notion that a close, dynamic and tightly regulated cross talk between dysbiosis and the gut-associated immune system governs the development of inflammatory arthropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kalinkovich
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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152
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Paganelli FL, Ekkelenkamp MB. Is Microbiota Research Advancing Our Understanding of Infection? Clin Infect Dis 2019; 68:1300-1302. [PMID: 30321292 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda L Paganelli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miquel B Ekkelenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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153
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Wells PM, Williams FMK, Matey-Hernandez ML, Menni C, Steves CJ. 'RA and the microbiome: do host genetic factors provide the link? J Autoimmun 2019; 99:104-115. [PMID: 30850234 PMCID: PMC6470121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, characterised by painful synovium inflammation, bony erosions, immune activation and the circulation of autoantibodies. Despite recent advances in therapeutics enabling disease suppression, there is a considerable demand for alternative therapeutic strategies as well as optimising those available at present. The relatively low concordance rate between monozygotic twins, 20–30% contrasts with heritability estimates of ∼65%, indicating a substantive role of other risk factors in RA pathogenesis. There is established evidence that RA has an infective component to its aetiology. More recently, differences in the commensal microbiota in RA compared to controls have been identified. Studies have shown that the gut, oral and lung microbiota is different in new onset treatment naïve, and established RA patients, compared to controls. Key taxonomic associations are an increase in abundance of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella copri in RA patients, compared to healthy controls. Host genetics may provide the link between disease and the microbiome. Genetic influence may be mediated by the host immune system; a differential response to RA associated taxa is suggested. The gut microbiome contains elements which are as much as 30% heritable. A better understanding of the influence of host genetics will shed light onto the role of the microbiome in RA. Here we review the role of the microbiome in RA through the lens of host genetics, and consider future research areas addressing microbiome study design and bioinformatics approaches. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects 1% of the population and is highly debilitating. RA is ~65% heritable, yet the concordance rate between monozygotic twins is just 20–30%, indicating a substantive role of other risk factors. Studies have shown that the gut, oral and lung microbiome is different in treatment naïve and established RA patients, compared to controls. Current findings suggest an important influence of host genetics on the microbiome, which may contribute to RA via the host immune system. Associations of the microbiome with RA described thus far are confounded by host genetics, and future studies need to take account of this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa M Wells
- The Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Frances M K Williams
- The Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - M L Matey-Hernandez
- The Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Cristina Menni
- The Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- The Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK; Clinical Age Research Unit, Kings College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK
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154
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Huang X, Fan X, Ying J, Chen S. Emerging trends and research foci in gastrointestinal microbiome. J Transl Med 2019; 17:67. [PMID: 30819194 PMCID: PMC6396506 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1810-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal microbiome has drawn an increasing amount of attention over the past decades. There is emerging evidence that the gut flora plays a major role in the pathogenesis of certain diseases. We aimed to analyze the evolution of gastrointestinal microbiome research and evaluate publications qualitatively and quantitatively. Methods We obtained a record of 2891 manuscripts published between 1998 and 2018 from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) of Thomson Reuters; this record was obtained on June 23, 2018. The WoSCC is the most frequently used source of scientific information. We used the term “Gastrointestinal Microbiomes” and all of its hyponyms to retrieve the record, and restricted the subjects to gastroenterology and hepatology. We then derived a clustered network from 70,169 references that were cited by the 2891 manuscripts, and identified 676 top co-cited articles. Next, we used the bibliometric method, CiteSpace V, and VOSviewer 1.6.8 to identify top authors, journals, institutions, countries, keywords, co-cited articles, and trends. Results We identified that the number of publications on gastrointestinal microbiome is increasing over time. 112 journals published articles on gastrointestinal microbiome. The United States of America was the leading country for publications, and the leading institution was the University of North Carolina. Co-cited reference analysis revealed the top landmark articles in the field. Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), probiotics, irritable bowel disease, and obesity are some of the high frequency keywords in co-occurrence cluster analysis and co-cited reference cluster analysis; indicating gut microbiota and related digestive diseases remain the hotspots in gut microbiome research. Burst detection analysis of top keywords showed that bile acid, obesity, and Akkermansia muciniphila were the new research foci. Conclusions This study revealed that our understanding of the link between gastrointestinal microbiome and associated diseases has evolved dramatically over time. The emerging new therapeutic targets in gut microbiota would be the foci of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaowen Fan
- Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Jun Ying
- Fudan University Library, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shiyao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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155
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Ohlsson L, Gustafsson A, Lavant E, Suneson K, Brundin L, Westrin Å, Ljunggren L, Lindqvist D. Leaky gut biomarkers in depression and suicidal behavior. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 139:185-193. [PMID: 30347427 PMCID: PMC6587489 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. METHOD We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments. RESULTS The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = -0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The 'leaky gut hypothesis' may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Ohlsson
- Department of Biomedical ScienceMalmo UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - A. Gustafsson
- Department of Biomedical ScienceMalmo UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - E. Lavant
- Department of Biomedical ScienceMalmo UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - K. Suneson
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, PsychiatryLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - L. Brundin
- Center for Neurodegenerative ScienceVan Andel Research InstituteGrand RapidsMIUSA
| | - Å. Westrin
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, PsychiatryLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - L. Ljunggren
- Department of Biomedical ScienceMalmo UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - D. Lindqvist
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, PsychiatryLund UniversityLundSweden
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156
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du Teil Espina M, Gabarrini G, Harmsen HJM, Westra J, van Winkelhoff AJ, van Dijl JM. Talk to your gut: the oral-gut microbiome axis and its immunomodulatory role in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2019; 43:1-18. [PMID: 30219863 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities inhabiting the human body, collectively called the microbiome, are critical modulators of immunity. This notion is underpinned by associations between changes in the microbiome and particular autoimmune disorders. Specifically, in rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most frequently occurring autoimmune disorders worldwide, changes in the oral and gut microbiomes have been implicated in the loss of tolerance against self-antigens and in increased inflammatory events promoting the damage of joints. In the present review, we highlight recently gained insights in the roles of microbes in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, we address important immunomodulatory processes, including biofilm formation and neutrophil function, which have been implicated in host-microbe interactions relevant for rheumatoid arthritis. Lastly, we present recent advances in the development and evaluation of emerging microbiome-based therapeutic approaches. Altogether, we conclude that the key to uncovering the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis will lie in the immunomodulatory functions of the oral and gut microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marines du Teil Espina
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Gabarrini
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hermie J M Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna Westra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arie Jan van Winkelhoff
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
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157
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Zamanpoor M. The genetic pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic insight of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Genet 2019; 95:547-557. [PMID: 30578544 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints. RA is a heterogeneous disorder caused by an abnormal autoimmune response triggered by the complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to RA etiology. However, its underlying pathogenic mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. In this review, I provide an overview of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic insight in the clinical management of RA in light of the recent updates to classification criteria and recent discoveries of genetic loci associated with susceptibility for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Zamanpoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Wellington Regional Genetics Laboratory, Genetic Health Service New Zealand, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
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158
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Guerreiro CS, Calado Â, Sousa J, Fonseca JE. Diet, Microbiota, and Gut Permeability-The Unknown Triad in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:349. [PMID: 30619860 PMCID: PMC6302746 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing experimental and clinical evidence suggests that a chronic inflammatory response induced by gut dysbiosis can critically contribute to the development of rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Of interest, an adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been linked to a reduction in mortality and morbidity in patients with inflammatory diseases. Diet and intestinal microbiota are modifying factors that may influence intestinal barrier strength, functional integrity, and permeability regulation. Intestinal microbiota may play a crucial role in RA pathogenesis, but up to now no solid data has clarified a mechanistic relationship between gut microbiota and the development of RA. Nonetheless, microbiota composition in subjects with RA differs from that of controls and this altered microbiome can be partially restored after prescribing disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. High levels of Prevotella copri and similar species are correlated with low levels of microbiota previously associated with immune regulating properties. In addition, some nutrients can alter intestinal permeability and thereby influence the immune response without a known impact on the microbiota. However, critical questions remain to be elucidated, such as the way microbiome fluctuates in relation to diet, and how disease activity may be influenced by changes in diet, microbiota or diet-intestinal microbiota equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Sousa Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Calado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Sousa
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Hospital de Santa Maria, CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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159
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Abstract
Periodontal diseases are initiated by bacteria that accumulate in a biofilm on the tooth surface and affect the adjacent periodontal tissue. Systemic diseases such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) increase susceptibility to destructive periodontal diseases. In human studies and in animal models, these diseases have been shown to enhance inflammation in the periodontium and increase the risk or severity of periodontitis. All 3 systemic diseases are linked to a decrease in bacterial taxa associated with health and an increase in taxa associated with disease. Although there is controversy regarding the specific oral bacterial changes associated with each disease, it has been reported that diabetes increases the levels of Capnocytophaga, Porphyromonas, and Pseudomonas, while Prevotella and Selenomonas are increased in RA and Selenomonas, Leptotrichia, and Prevotella in SLE. In an animal model, diabetes increased the pathogenicity of the oral microbiome, as shown by increased inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and periodontal bone loss when transferred to normal germ-free hosts. Moreover, in diabetic animals, the increased pathogenicity could be substantially reversed by inhibition of IL-17, indicating that host inflammation altered the microbial pathogenicity. Increased IL-17 has also been shown in SLE, RA, and leukocyte adhesion deficiency and may contribute to oral microbial changes in these diseases. Successful RA treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs partially reverses the oral microbial dysbiosis. Together, these data demonstrate that systemic diseases characterized by enhanced inflammation disturb the oral microbiota and point to IL-17 as key mediator in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Graves
- 1 Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J D Corrêa
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - T A Silva
- 2 Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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160
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Liu L, Guo W, Liang XJ. Move to Nano-Arthrology: Targeted Stimuli-Responsive Nanomedicines Combat Adaptive Treatment Tolerance (ATT) of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1800024. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; The Second Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou 510260 P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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161
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Kim DS, Kwon JE, Lee SH, Kim EK, Ryu JG, Jung KA, Choi JW, Park MJ, Moon YM, Park SH, Cho ML, Kwok SK. Attenuation of Rheumatoid Inflammation by Sodium Butyrate Through Reciprocal Targeting of HDAC2 in Osteoclasts and HDAC8 in T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1525. [PMID: 30034392 PMCID: PMC6043689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Recently, investigators have focused on the gut microbiota, which is thought to be an environmental factor that affects the development of RA. Metabolites secreted by the gut microbiota maintain homeostasis in the gut through various mechanisms [e.g., butyrate, which is one of the major metabolites of gut microbiota, exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by activating G-protein-coupled receptors and inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs)]. Here, we focused on the inhibition of the HDACs by butyrate in RA. To this end, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of butyrate in an animal model of autoimmune arthritis. The arthritis score and incidence were lower in the butyrate-treated group compared to the control group. Also, butyrate inhibited HDAC2 in osteoclasts and HDAC8 in T cells, leading to the acetylation of glucocorticoid receptors and estrogen-related receptors α, respectively. Additionally, control of the TH17/Treg cell balance and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis were confirmed by the changes in target gene expression. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) produced by butyrate-induced expanded Treg cells was critical, as treatment with butyrate did not affect inflammatory arthritis in IL-10-knockout mice. This immune-cell regulation of butyrate was also detected in humans. These findings suggest that butyrate is a candidate agent for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Som Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kwon
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eun Kyung Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Geol Ryu
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jeong-Won Choi
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Mee Moon
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, College of Medicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Laboratory of Immune Network, Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Medicine, The Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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162
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163
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Mortier C, Govindarajan S, Venken K, Elewaut D. It Takes "Guts" to Cause Joint Inflammation: Role of Innate-Like T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1489. [PMID: 30008717 PMCID: PMC6033969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate-like T cells such as invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and mucosal-associated T (MAIT) cells, characterized by a semi-invariant T cell receptor and restriction toward MHC-like molecules (CD1 and MR1 respectively), are a unique unconventional immune subset acting at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. Highly represented at barrier sites and capable of rapidly producing substantial amounts of cytokines, they serve a pivotal role as first-line responders against microbial infections. In contrast, it was demonstrated that innate-like T cells can be skewed toward a predominant pro-inflammatory state and are consequently involved in a number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases like inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatic disorders, such as spondyloarthritis (SpA) and rheumatoid arthritis. Interestingly, there is link between gut and joint disease as they often co-incide and share certain aspects of the pathogenesis such as established genetic risk factors, a critical role for pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-23, and IL-17 and therapeutic susceptibility. In this regard dysregulated IL-23/IL-17 responses appear to be crucial in both debilitating pathologies and innate-like T cells likely act as key player. In this review, we will explore the remarkable features of iNKT cells and MAIT cells, and discuss their contribution to immunity and combined gut-joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Mortier
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Srinath Govindarajan
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Venken
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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164
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Paine A, Ritchlin C. Altered Bone Remodeling in Psoriatic Disease: New Insights and Future Directions. Calcif Tissue Int 2018; 102:559-574. [PMID: 29330560 PMCID: PMC5906143 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disorder that occurs in patients with psoriasis and predominantly affects musculoskeletal structures, skin, and nails. The etiology of PsA is not well understood but evidence supports an interplay of genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors which promote pathological bone remodeling and joint damage in PsA. Localized and systemic bone loss due to increased activity of osteoclasts is well established in PsA based on animal models and translational studies. In contrast, the mechanisms responsible for pathological bone remodeling in PsA remain enigmatic although new candidate molecules and pathways have been identified. Recent reports have revealed novel findings related to bone erosion and pathologic bone formation in PsA. Many associated risk factors and contributing molecular mechanisms have also been identified. In this review, we discuss new developments in the field, point out unresolved questions regarding the pathogenetic origins of the wide array of bone phenotypes in PsA, and discuss new directions for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Paine
- Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
| | - Christopher Ritchlin
- Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
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Ma G, Kimatu BM, Zhao L, Yang W, Pei F, Hu Q. Impacts of DietaryPleurotus eryngiiPolysaccharide on Nutrient Digestion, Metabolism, and Immune Response of the Small Intestine and Colon-An iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700443. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxing Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Benard Muinde Kimatu
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology; Egerton University; Egerton Kenya
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Finance and Economics; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Fei Pei
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Finance and Economics; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P. R. China
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166
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Dou Y, Luo J, Wu X, Wei Z, Tong B, Yu J, Wang T, Zhang X, Yang Y, Yuan X, Zhao P, Xia Y, Hu H, Dai Y. Curcumin attenuates collagen-induced inflammatory response through the "gut-brain axis". J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:6. [PMID: 29306322 PMCID: PMC5756354 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that oral administration of curcumin exhibited an anti-arthritic effect despite its poor bioavailability. The present study aimed to explore whether the gut-brain axis is involved in the therapeutic effect of curcumin. METHODS The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model was induced by immunization with an emulsion of collagen II and complete Freund's adjuvant. Sympathetic and parasympathetic tones were measured by electrocardiographic recordings. Unilateral cervical vagotomy (VGX) was performed before the induction of CIA. The ChAT, AChE activities, and serum cytokine levels were determined by ELISA. The expression of the high-affinity choline transporter 1 (CHT1), ChAT, and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The neuronal excitability of the vagus nerve was determined by whole-cell patch clamp recording. RESULTS Oral administration of curcumin restored the imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic tones in CIA rats and increased ChAT activity and expression of ChAT and VAChT in the gut, brain, and synovium. Additionally, VGX eliminated the effects of curcumin on arthritis and ACh biosynthesis and transport. Electrophysiological data showed that curcumin markedly increased neuronal excitability of the vagus nerve. Furthermore, selective α7 nAChR antagonists abolished the effects of curcumin on CIA. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that curcumin attenuates CIA through the "gut-brain axis" by modulating the function of the cholinergic system. These findings provide a novel approach for mechanistic studies of anti-arthritic compounds with low oral absorption and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannong Dou
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jinque Luo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bei Tong
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Juntao Yu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xusheng Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N. 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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