151
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Sotiropoulos I, Galas MC, Silva JM, Skoulakis E, Wegmann S, Maina MB, Blum D, Sayas CL, Mandelkow EM, Mandelkow E, Spillantini MG, Sousa N, Avila J, Medina M, Mudher A, Buee L. Atypical, non-standard functions of the microtubule associated Tau protein. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:91. [PMID: 29187252 PMCID: PMC5707803 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) over 40 years ago, most studies have focused on Tau's role in microtubule stability and regulation, as well as on the neuropathological consequences of Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. In recent years, however, research efforts identified new interaction partners and different sub-cellular localizations for Tau suggesting additional roles beyond its standard function as microtubule regulating protein. Moreover, despite the increasing research focus on AD over the last decades, Tau was only recently considered as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of AD as well as for neurological pathologies beyond AD e.g. epilepsy, excitotoxicity, and environmental stress. This review will focus on atypical, non-standard roles of Tau on neuronal function and dysfunction in AD and other neurological pathologies providing novel insights about neuroplastic and neuropathological implications of Tau in both the central and the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal.
| | | | - Joana M Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Efthimios Skoulakis
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Susanne Wegmann
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Mahmoud Bukar Maina
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Carmen Laura Sayas
- Centre for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain
| | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany; CAESAR Research Institute, Bonn, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Eckhard Mandelkow
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany; CAESAR Research Institute, Bonn, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Köln, Germany
| | | | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jesus Avila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28041, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Medina
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amrit Mudher
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton Highfield Campus, Center for Biological Sciences, Southampton, UK
| | - Luc Buee
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, 59000, Lille, France
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152
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Málaga-Trillo E, Ochs K. Uncontrolled SFK-mediated protein trafficking in prion and Alzheimer's disease. Prion 2017; 10:352-361. [PMID: 27649856 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2016.1221873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prions and Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides induce synaptic damage via complex mechanisms that include the pathological alteration of intracellular signaling cascades. The host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrPC) acts as a high-affinity cell surface receptor for both toxic species and it can modulate the endocytic trafficking of the N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and E-cadherin adhesive complexes via Src family kinases (SFKs). Interestingly, SFK-mediated control of endocytosis is a widespread mechanism used to regulate the activity of important transmembrane proteins, including neuroreceptors for major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Here we discuss our recent work in zebrafish and accumulating evidence suggesting that subversion of this pleiotropic regulatory mechanism by Aβ oligomers and prions explains diverse neurotransmission deficits observed in human patients and mouse models of prion and Alzheimer's neurodegeneration. While Aβ, PrPC and SFKs constitute potential therapeutic targets on their own, drug discovery efforts might benefit significantly from aiming at protein-protein interactions that modulate the endocytosis of specific SFK targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina Ochs
- a Department of Biology , Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia , Lima , Perú.,b Department of Biology , University of Konstanz , Konstanz , Germany
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153
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Sex- and age-specific modulation of brain GABA levels in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 62:168-179. [PMID: 29154037 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Age and sex are risk factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the neurotransmitter systems, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been implicated in AD pathogenesis but the relevance of sex-specific GABAergic dysfunction during AD progression remains unknown. In the present study, we utilized state-of-the-art high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance to systematically monitor the brain region-, age-, and sex-specific modulation of GABA levels in wild-type and Tg2576 mice with amyloid pathology. In addition, we followed the possible role of reactive astrocytes in sex-specific GABA modulation. In female Tg2576 mice, hippocampal GABA levels were significantly elevated, along with higher number of reactive astrocytes and amyloid deposition. The elevated GABA was found to be produced via the monoamine oxidase-B route from putrescine in reactive astrocytes, more substantially in female than male mice, thus suggesting a role of astrocytes in memory impairment and sex-related differences in AD. Our results paint a coherent model of memory impairment in AD and signify that dynamic changes in regional GABA may be at the root of marked sex disparities observed in AD.
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154
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Bazzigaluppi P, Beckett TL, Koletar MM, Lai AY, Joo IL, Brown ME, Carlen PL, McLaurin J, Stefanovic B. Early-stage attenuation of phase-amplitude coupling in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex in a transgenic rat model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2017; 144:669-679. [PMID: 28777881 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) accumulation, neurofibrillary tangle formation, and neurodegeneration. Preclinical studies on neuronal impairments associated with progressive amyloidosis have demonstrated some Aβ-dependent neuronal dysfunction including modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic signaling. The present work focuses on the early stage of disease progression and uses TgF344-AD rats that recapitulate a broad repertoire of AD-like pathologies to investigate the neuronal network functioning using simultaneous intracranial recordings from the hippocampus (HPC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), followed by pathological analyses of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA ) receptor subunits α1, α5, and δ, and glutamic acid decarboxylases (GAD65 and GAD67). Concomitant to amyloid deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, low-gamma band power was strongly attenuated in the HPC and mPFC of TgF344-AD rats in comparison to those in non-transgenic littermates. In addition, the phase-amplitude coupling of the neuronal networks in both areas was impaired, evidenced by decreased modulation of theta band phase on gamma band amplitude in TgF344-AD animals. Finally, the gamma coherence between HPC and mPFC was attenuated as well. These results demonstrate significant neuronal network dysfunction at an early stage of AD-like pathology. This network dysfunction precedes the onset of cognitive deficits and is likely driven by Aβ and tau pathologies. This article is part of the Special Issue "Vascular Dementia".
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bazzigaluppi
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tina L Beckett
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret M Koletar
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Y Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Illsung L Joo
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary E Brown
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter L Carlen
- Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - JoAnne McLaurin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bojana Stefanovic
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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155
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Wang Y, Wu Z, Bai YT, Wu GY, Chen G. Gad67 haploinsufficiency reduces amyloid pathology and rescues olfactory memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:73. [PMID: 29017573 PMCID: PMC5633901 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although dysfunction of multiple neurotransmitter systems including cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic systems has been associated with AD progression the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We and others have recently found that GABA content is elevated in AD brains and linked to cognitive deficits in AD mouse models. The glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) is the major enzyme converting glutamate into GABA and has been implied in a number of neurological disorders such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. However, whether Gad67 is involved in AD pathology has not been well studied. Here, we investigate the functional role of GAD67 in an AD mouse model with Gad67 haploinsufficiency that is caused by replacing one allele of Gad67 with green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene during generation of GAD67-GFP mice. Methods To genetically reduce GAD67 in AD mouse brains, we crossed the Gad67 haploinsufficient mice (GAD67-GFP+/−) with 5xFAD mice (harboring 5 human familial AD mutations in APP and PS1 genes) to generate a new line of bigenic mice. Immunostaining, ELISA, electrophysiology and behavior test were applied to compare the difference between groups. Results We found that reduction of GAD67 resulted in a significant decrease of amyloid β production in 5xFAD mice. Concurrently, the abnormal astrocytic GABA and tonic GABA currents, as well as the microglial reactivity were significantly reduced in the 5xFAD mice with Gad67 haploinsufficiency. Importantly, the olfactory memory deficit of 5xFAD mice was rescued by Gad67 haploinsufficiency. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that GAD67 plays an important role in AD pathology, suggesting that GAD67 may be a potential drug target for modulating the progress of AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s13024-017-0213-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Yu-Ting Bai
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University park, PA, 16802, USA. .,School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University park, PA, 16802, USA.
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156
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Verdurand M, Zimmer L. Hippocampal 5-HT1A receptor expression changes in prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease: Beneficial or deleterious? Neuropharmacology 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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157
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Towards a Better Understanding of GABAergic Remodeling in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081813. [PMID: 28825683 PMCID: PMC5578199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. In the past, there has been a major research drive focused on the dysfunction of the glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmitter systems in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, there is now growing evidence in support of a GABAergic contribution to the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disease. Previous studies paint a complex, convoluted and often inconsistent picture of AD-associated GABAergic remodeling. Given the importance of the GABAergic system in neuronal function and homeostasis, in the maintenance of the excitatory/inhibitory balance, and in the processes of learning and memory, such changes in GABAergic function could be an important factor in both early and later stages of AD pathogenesis. Given the limited scope of currently available therapies in modifying the course of the disease, a better understanding of GABAergic remodeling in AD could open up innovative and novel therapeutic opportunities.
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158
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Mandal PK, Kansara K, Dabas A. The GABA-Working Memory Relationship in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2017; 1:43-45. [PMID: 30480228 PMCID: PMC6159718 DOI: 10.3233/adr-170003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a highly debilitating neurodegenerative disease with no cure to date. Emerging evidence indicates aberrations of the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices, and hippocampal regions of the AD brains. GABA levels have been reported to predict working memory (WM) load capacity in the healthy young population. Since working memory is impaired in AD, it opens an active area of research to investigate the influence of GABA on WM performance in AD. Advancements in neuroimaging techniques and signal processing tools can aid in neurochemical profiling of GABA in AD as well as facilitate in probing the role of GABA in AD-specific impairments of working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravat K Mandal
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Krity Kansara
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
| | - Aroma Dabas
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
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159
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Liu Y, Xu YF, Zhang L, Huang L, Yu P, Zhu H, Deng W, Qin C. Effective expression of Drebrin in hippocampus improves cognitive function and alleviates lesions of Alzheimer's disease in APP (swe)/PS1 (ΔE9) mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:590-604. [PMID: 28597477 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive development dementia, is increasingly impacting patients' living conditions worldwide. Despite medical care and funding support, there are still no highly individualized drugs and practical strategies for clinical prevention and treatment. Developmentally regulated brain protein (abbreviated as Drebrin or Dbn, also known as Dbn1 in mouse) exists in neurons, especially in dendrites, and is an actin-binding protein that modulates synaptic morphology and long-term memory. However, the majority of previous studies have focused on its upstream proteins and neglected the impact Drebrin has on behavior and AD in vivo. METHODS Here, we tracked the behavioral performances of 4-, 8-, 12-, and 16-month-old AD mice and investigated the expression level of Drebrin in their hippocampi. A Pearson correlation analysis between Drebrin levels and behavioral data was performed. Subsequently, 2-month-old AD mice were injected with rAAV-zsGreen-Dbn1 vector, composing the APP/PS1-Dbn1 group, and sex- and age-matched AD mice were injected with rAAV-tdTomato vector to serve as the control group. All mice were conducted behavioral tests and molecular detection 6 months later. RESULTS (i) The expression of Drebrin is decreased in the hippocampus of aged AD mice compared with that of age-matched WT and young adult AD mice; (ii) cognitive ability of APP/PS1 mice decreases with age; (iii) Drebrin protein expression in the hippocampus correlates with behavioral performance in different aged AD mice; (iv) cognitive ability improved significantly in APP/PS1-Dbn1 mice; (v) the expression level of Drebrin in APP/PS1-Dbn1 mouse hippocampus was significantly increased; (vi) the pathological lesion of AD was alleviated in APP/PS1-Dbn1 mice; (vii) the filamentous actin (F-actin) and microtubule-associated protein 2(MAP-2) in APP/PS1-Dbn1 mice were notably more than control mice. CONCLUSION In this study, an effective expression of Drebrin improves cognitive abilities and alleviates lesions in an AD mouse model. These results may provide some valid resources for therapy and research of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Feng Xu
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Pin Yu
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
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160
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Kim YS, Yoon BE. Altered GABAergic Signaling in Brain Disease at Various Stages of Life. Exp Neurobiol 2017; 26:122-131. [PMID: 28680297 PMCID: PMC5491580 DOI: 10.5607/en.2017.26.3.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the healthy brain, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is regulated by neurons and glia. This begs the question: what happens in the malfunctioning brain? There are many reasons why diseases occur, including genetic mutations, systemic problems, and environmental influences. There are also many ways in which GABA can become dysregulated, such as through alterations in its synthesis or release, and changes in systems that respond to it. Notably, dysregulation of GABA can have a large impact on the brain. To date, few reviews have examined brain diseases in which dysregulation of GABA is implicated as an underlying factor. Accordingly, the time is ripe for investigating alterations in GABAergic signaling that may play a role in changes in neuronal activity observed in the major brain disorders that occur during various stages of life. This review is meant to provide a better understanding of the role of GABA in brain health and contributor to social problems from a scientific perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Sung Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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161
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Doshina A, Gourgue F, Onizuka M, Opsomer R, Wang P, Ando K, Tasiaux B, Dewachter I, Kienlen-Campard P, Brion JP, Gailly P, Octave JN, Pierrot N. Cortical cells reveal APP as a new player in the regulation of GABAergic neurotransmission. Sci Rep 2017; 7:370. [PMID: 28337033 PMCID: PMC5428293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) modulates synaptic activity, resulting from the fine tuning of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission is affected by modifications in intracellular chloride concentrations regulated by Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) and neuronal K+-Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2), allowing entrance and efflux of chloride, respectively. Modifications in NKCC1 and KCC2 expression during maturation of cortical cells induce a shift in GABAergic signaling. Here, we demonstrated that APP affects this GABA shift. Expression of APP in cortical cells decreased the expression of KCC2, without modifying NKCC1, eliciting a less inhibitory GABA response. Downregulation of KCC2 expression by APP was independent of the APP intracellular domain, but correlated with decreased expression of upstream stimulating factor 1 (USF1), a potent regulator of Slc12a5 gene expression (encoding KCC2). KCC2 was also downregulated in vivo following APP expression in neonatal mouse brain. These results argue for a key role of APP in the regulation of GABAergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Doshina
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florian Gourgue
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michiho Onizuka
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Remi Opsomer
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kunie Ando
- Laboratory of Histology and Neuropathology, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernadette Tasiaux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse Dewachter
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Brion
- Laboratory of Histology and Neuropathology, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Gailly
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Noël Octave
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Pierrot
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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162
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Contestabile A, Magara S, Cancedda L. The GABAergic Hypothesis for Cognitive Disabilities in Down Syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:54. [PMID: 28326014 PMCID: PMC5339239 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21. DS affects multiple organs, but it invariably results in altered brain development and diverse degrees of intellectual disability. A large body of evidence has shown that synaptic deficits and memory impairment are largely determined by altered GABAergic signaling in trisomic mouse models of DS. These alterations arise during brain development while extending into adulthood, and include genesis of GABAergic neurons, variation of the inhibitory drive and modifications in the control of neural-network excitability. Accordingly, different pharmacological interventions targeting GABAergic signaling have proven promising preclinical approaches to rescue cognitive impairment in DS mouse models. In this review, we will discuss recent data regarding the complex scenario of GABAergic dysfunctions in the trisomic brain of DS mice and patients, and we will evaluate the state of current clinical research targeting GABAergic signaling in individuals with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Contestabile
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) Genova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Magara
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Cancedda
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)Genova, Italy; Dulbecco Telethon InstituteGenova, Italy
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163
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Ramos-Miguel A, Sawada K, Jones AA, Thornton AE, Barr AM, Leurgans SE, Schneider JA, Bennett DA, Honer WG. Presynaptic proteins complexin-I and complexin-II differentially influence cognitive function in early and late stages of Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:395-407. [PMID: 27866231 PMCID: PMC6542594 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Progressive accumulation of Alzheimer's disease-related pathology is associated with cognitive dysfunction. Differences in cognitive reserve may contribute to individual differences in cognitive function in the presence of comparable neuropathology. The protective effects of cognitive reserve could contribute differentially in early versus late stages of the disease. We investigated presynaptic proteins as measures of brain reserve (a subset of total cognitive reserve), and used Braak staging to estimate the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Antemortem evaluations of cognitive function, postmortem assessments of pathologic indices, and presynaptic protein analyses, including the complexins I and II as respective measures of inhibitory and excitatory terminal function, were assayed in multiple key brain regions in 418 deceased participants from a community study. After covarying for demographic variables, pathologic indices, and overall synapse density, lower brain complexin-I and -II levels contributed to cognitive dysfunction (P < 0.01). Each complexin appeared to be dysregulated at a different Braak stage. Inhibitory complexin-I explained 14.4% of the variance in global cognition in Braak 0-II, while excitatory complexin-II explained 7.3% of the variance in Braak V-VI. Unlike other presynaptic proteins, complexins did not colocalize with pathologic tau within neuritic plaques, suggesting that these functional components of the synaptic machinery are cleared early from dystrophic neurites. Moreover, complexin levels showed distinct patterns of change related to memory challenges in a rat model, supporting the functional specificity of these proteins. The present results suggest that disruption of inhibitory synaptic terminals may trigger early cognitive impairment, while excitatory terminal disruption may contribute relatively more to later cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ramos-Miguel
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Ken Sawada
- Kochi Prefectural Aki General Hospital, 3-33 Hoheicho, Kochi, 784-0027, Japan
| | - Andrea A Jones
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Allen E Thornton
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Alasdair M Barr
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sue E Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S Paulina Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - William G Honer
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada.
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Maitre M, Klein C, Mensah-Nyagan AG. A proposed preventive role for Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (Xyrem(R)) in Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2016; 8:37. [PMID: 27601032 PMCID: PMC5013588 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-016-0205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB or XyremR) is frequently used in humans for several clinical indications, including anesthesia, narcolepsy/cataplexy, and alcohol-withdrawal symptoms. Pharmacological effects induced in the brain by therapeutic doses of XyremR are generally GABAergic-dependent. These effects allow sedation, stress/anxiety reduction, deep sleep induction, decrease of neuroinflammation, and neuroprotection. Furthermore, XyremR promotes the expression of pivotal genes reducing toxic proteinopathies, as demonstrated in laboratory animal models. Altogether, these data represent additional evidence to suggest that XyremR may be tested during repeated short periods in populations at risk for Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Maitre
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, INSERM U1119, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment 3 de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67 000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christian Klein
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, INSERM U1119, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment 3 de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67 000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ayikoe G Mensah-Nyagan
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, INSERM U1119, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment 3 de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67 000, Strasbourg, France
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