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Gerding J, Cramer B, Humpf H. Determination of mycotoxin exposure in Germany using an LC‐MS/MS multibiomarker approach. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:2358-68. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Gerding
- Institute of Food Chemistry Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Münster Germany
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry Münster Germany
| | - Benedikt Cramer
- Institute of Food Chemistry Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Münster Germany
| | - Hans‐Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Münster Germany
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry Münster Germany
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152
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Rodríguez-Carrasco Y, Moltó JC, Mañes J, Berrada H. Exposure assessment approach through mycotoxin/creatinine ratio evaluation in urine by GC–MS/MS. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 72:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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153
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Ezekiel CN, Warth B, Ogara IM, Abia WA, Ezekiel VC, Atehnkeng J, Sulyok M, Turner PC, Tayo GO, Krska R, Bandyopadhyay R. Mycotoxin exposure in rural residents in northern Nigeria: a pilot study using multi-urinary biomarkers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 66:138-145. [PMID: 24583186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A pilot, cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted in eight rural communities in northern Nigeria to investigate mycotoxin exposures in 120 volunteers (19 children, 20 adolescents and 81 adults) using a modern LC-MS/MS based multi-biomarker approach. First morning urine samples were analyzed and urinary biomarker levels correlated with mycotoxin levels in foods consumed the day before urine collection. A total of eight analytes were detected in 61/120 (50.8%) of studied urine samples, with ochratoxin A, aflatoxin M1 and fumonisin B1 being the most frequently occurring biomarkers of exposure. These mycotoxin biomarkers were present in samples from all age categories, suggestive of chronic (lifetime) exposures. Rough estimates of mycotoxin intake suggested some exposures were higher than the tolerable daily intake. Overall, rural consumer populations from Nasarawa were more exposed to several mixtures of mycotoxins in their diets relative to those from Kaduna as shown by food and urine biomarker data. This study has shown that mycotoxin co-exposure may be a major public health challenge in rural Nigeria; this calls for urgent intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibundu N Ezekiel
- Mycotoxicology Research Unit, Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Nigeria; Pathology/Mycotoxin Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Benedikt Warth
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Isaac M Ogara
- Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Lafia Campus, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Wilfred A Abia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Joseph Atehnkeng
- Pathology/Mycotoxin Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Paul C Turner
- MIAEH, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Grace O Tayo
- Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Nigeria
| | - Rudolf Krska
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Ranajit Bandyopadhyay
- Pathology/Mycotoxin Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
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