201
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Costalat M, Alcouffe P, David L, Delair T. Controlling the complexation of polysaccharides into multi-functional colloidal assemblies for nanomedicine. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 430:147-56. [PMID: 24998067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The controlled assembly of oppositely charged polysaccharides led to colloids stable in physiological media, capable of encapsulating a molecular drug and of sorbing proteins at their interface. Two types of particles were obtained: both chitosan-dextran sulfate (CS-DS) and chitosan-heparin (CS-HP) stable over 30 days in PBS at 25 and 37°C. At gastric pH 1.2, these particles remained stable over 3 days, enough for a stomach transit. The structural analysis by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) showed that CS-DS surface was semi-rough and chains inside particle exhibited rod-like conformation. Moreover, the particle interfaces could efficiently be functionalized with anti-OVA or anti-α4β7 antibodies, in PBS, with the conservation of the antibody bioactivity over at least 8 days. Finally, during the assembly process, a molecular model drug, AMP, could be encapsulated with a loading efficiency up to 72% for CS-DS particles and 66% for CS-HP. All these data establish that the controlled assembly process under equilibrium conditions lead to colloids well suited for the targeted nanodelivery of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Costalat
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5223 IMP, 15, Bd, A. Latarjet, Bât. Polytech, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - P Alcouffe
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5223 IMP, 15, Bd, A. Latarjet, Bât. Polytech, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - L David
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5223 IMP, 15, Bd, A. Latarjet, Bât. Polytech, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - T Delair
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5223 IMP, 15, Bd, A. Latarjet, Bât. Polytech, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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202
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Sawaengsak C, Mori Y, Yamanishi K, Mitrevej A, Sinchaipanid N. Chitosan nanoparticle encapsulated hemagglutinin-split influenza virus mucosal vaccine. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:317-25. [PMID: 24343789 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Subunit/split influenza vaccines are less reactogenic compared with the whole virus vaccines. However, their immunogenicity is relatively low and thus required proper adjuvant and/or delivery vehicle for immunogenicity enhancement. Influenza vaccines administered intramuscularly induce minimum, if any, mucosal immunity at the respiratory mucosa which is the prime site of the infection. In this study, chitosan (CS) nanoparticles were prepared by ionic cross-linking of the CS with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) at the CS/TPP ratio of 1:0.6 using 2 h mixing time. The CS/TPP nanoparticles were used as delivery vehicle of an intranasal influenza vaccine made of hemagglutinin (HA)-split influenza virus product. Innocuousness, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of the CS/TPP-HA vaccine were tested in influenza mouse model in comparison with the antigen alone vaccine. The CS/TPP-HA nanoparticles had required characteristics including nano-sizes, positive charges, and high antigen encapsulation efficiency. Mice that received two doses of the CS/TPP-HA vaccine intranasally showed no adverse symptoms indicating the vaccine innocuousness. The animals developed higher systemic and mucosal antibody responses than vaccine made of the HA-split influenza virus alone. The CS/TPP-HA vaccine could induce also a cell-mediated immune response shown as high numbers of IFN-γ-secreting cells in spleens while the HA vaccine alone could not. Besides, the CS nanoparticle encapsulated HA-split vaccine reduced markedly the influenza morbidity and also conferred 100% protective rate to the vaccinated mice against lethal influenza virus challenge. Overall results indicated that the CS nanoparticles invented in this study is an effective and safe delivery vehicle/adjuvant for the influenza vaccine.
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203
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Ionically crosslinked polyelectrolyte nanocarriers: Recent advances and open problems. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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204
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Trapani A, Palazzo C, Contino M, Perrone MG, Cioffi N, Ditaranto N, Colabufo NA, Conese M, Trapani G, Puglisi G. Mucoadhesive properties and interaction with P-glycoprotein (P-gp) of thiolated-chitosans and -glycol chitosans and corresponding parent polymers: a comparative study. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:882-93. [PMID: 24521085 DOI: 10.1021/bm401733p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to compare the mucoadhesive and efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) interacting properties of chitosan (CS)- and glycolchitosan (GCS)-based thiomers and corresponding unmodified parent polymers. For this purpose, the glycol chitosan-N-acetyl-cysteine (GCS-NAC) and glycol chitosan-glutathione (GCS-GSH) thiomers were prepared under simple and mild conditions. Their mucoadhesive characteristics were studied by turbidimetric and zeta potential measurements. The P-gp interacting properties were evaluated measuring the effects of thiolated- and unmodified-polymers on the bidirectional transport (BA/AB) of rhodamine-123 across Caco-2 cells as well as in the calcein-AM and ATPase activity assays. Although all the thiomers and unmodified polymers showed optimal-excellent mucoadhesive properties, the best mucoadhesive performances have been obtained by CS and CS-based thiomers. Moreover, it was found that the pretreatment of Caco-2 cell monolayer with GCS-NAC or GCS restores Rho-123 cell entrance by inhibiting P-gp activity. Hence, GCS-NAC and GCS may constitute new biomaterials useful for improving the bioavailability of P-gp substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trapani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco and ‡Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro" , Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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205
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Martirosyan A, Olesen MJ, Howard KA. Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Mucosal Delivery of RNAi Therapeutics. NONVIRAL VECTORS FOR GENE THERAPY - LIPID- AND POLYMER-BASED GENE TRANSFER 2014; 88:325-52. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800148-6.00011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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206
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Determination of the substitution degree of modified chitosan by cyclic voltammetry at the water/dichloroethane interface. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.11.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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207
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Lysine-based polycation:heparin coacervate for controlled protein delivery. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:40-6. [PMID: 24075887 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polycations have good potential as carriers of proteins and genetic material. However, poor control over the release rate and safety issues currently limit their use as delivery vehicles. Here we introduce a new lysine-based polycation, poly(ethylene lysinylaspartate diglyceride) (PELD), which exhibits high cytocompatibility. PELD self-assembles with the biological polyanion heparin into a coacervate that incorporates proteins with high loading efficiency. Coacervates of varying surface charge were obtained by simple alteration of the PELD:heparin ratio and resulted in diverse release profiles of the model protein bovine serum albumin. Therefore, coacervate charge represents a direct means of control over release rate and duration. The PELD coacervate also rapidly adsorbed onto a porous polymeric scaffold, demonstrating potential use in tissue engineering applications. This coacervate represents a safe and tunable protein delivery system for biomedical applications.
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208
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Almalik A, Donno R, Cadman CJ, Cellesi F, Day PJ, Tirelli N. Hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles: Molecular weight-dependent effects on morphology and hyaluronic acid presentation. J Control Release 2013; 172:1142-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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209
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Li X, Guo S, Zhu C, Zhu Q, Gan Y, Rantanen J, Rahbek UL, Hovgaard L, Yang M. Intestinal mucosa permeability following oral insulin delivery using core shell corona nanolipoparticles. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9678-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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210
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Formation and dissolution of chitosan/pyrophosphate nanoparticles: is the ionic crosslinking of chitosan reversible? Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 115:100-8. [PMID: 24333908 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ionically crosslinked chitosan particles with submicron dimensions attract widespread interest as materials for controlled release. To this end, we have examined the formation and dissolution of nanoparticles prepared by crosslinking chitosan with pyrophosphate (PPi). The formation of these particles required a critical PPi concentration (which increased with the chitosan concentration), and their z-average hydrodynamic diameters could be predictably tuned from roughly 60 to 220 nm by varying the concentration of the parent chitosan solutions. Unlike the nanoparticles crosslinked with the commonly used tripolyphosphate (TPP), which coagulated and precipitated when TPP was in excess, the chitosan/PPi nanoparticles remained colloidally stable even at high PPi concentrations. Moreover, the analysis of their dissolution revealed hysteresis in the particle formation/dissolution cycle, where portions of the crosslinked chitosan/PPi complexes remained stably intact at PPi concentrations below those required for their formation. This irreversible behavior was surmised to reflect the cooperativity of chitosan/PPi binding and was qualitatively modeled using the Bragg-Williams theory.
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211
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Zariwala MG, Farnaud S, Merchant Z, Somavarapu S, Renshaw D. Ascorbyl palmitate/DSPE-PEG nanocarriers for oral iron delivery: preparation, characterisation and in vitro evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 115:86-92. [PMID: 24333557 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to encapsulate iron in nanocarriers formulated with ascorbyl palmitate and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) for oral delivery. Blank and iron (Fe) loaded nanocarriers were prepared by a modified thin film method using ascorbyl palmitate and DSPE-PEG. Surface charge of the nanocarriers was modified by the inclusion of chitosan (CHI) during the formulation process. Blank and iron loaded ascorbyl palmitate/DSPE nanocarriers were visualised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and physiochemical characterisations of the nanocarriers carried out to determine the mean particle size and zeta potential. Inclusion of chitosan imparted a net positive charge on the nanocarrier surface and also led to an increase in mean particle size. Iron entrapment in ascorbyl palmitate-Fe and ascorbyl palmitate-CHI-Fe nanocarriers was 67% and 76% respectively, suggesting a beneficial effect of chitosan on nanocarrier Fe entrapment. Iron absorption was estimated by measuring Caco-2 cell ferritin formation using ferrous sulphate as a reference standard. Iron absorption from ascorbyl palmitate-Fe (592.17±21.12 ng/mg cell protein) and ascorbyl palmitate-CHI-Fe (800.12±47.6 ng/mg, cell protein) nanocarriers was 1.35-fold and 1.5-fold higher than that from free ferrous sulphate, respectively (505.74±23.73 ng/mg cell protein) (n=6, p<0.05). This study demonstrates for the first time preparation and characterisation of iron loaded ascorbyl palmitate/DSPE PEG nanocarriers, and that engineering of the nanocarriers with chitosan leads to a significant augmentation of iron absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gulrez Zariwala
- Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom.
| | - Sebastien Farnaud
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 3JU, United Kingdom
| | - Zahra Merchant
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Satyanarayana Somavarapu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom
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212
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New gene delivery system based on oligochitosan and solid lipid nanoparticles: ‘In vitro’ and ‘in vivo’ evaluation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:484-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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213
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Alonso-Sande M, des Rieux A, Fievez V, Sarmento B, Delgado A, Evora C, Remuñán-López C, Préat V, Alonso MJ. Development of PLGA-Mannosamine Nanoparticles as Oral Protein Carriers. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:4046-52. [DOI: 10.1021/bm401141u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alonso-Sande
- CIMUS
Research Institute, Campus Vida - University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Louvain
Drug Research Institute, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Research
Group, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - Virginie Fievez
- Louvain
Drug Research Institute, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Research
Group, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- INEB
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Araceli Delgado
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, Spain
| | - Carmen Evora
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, Spain
| | - Carmen Remuñán-López
- Nanobiofar
Group, Department of Pharmacy
and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Véronique Préat
- Louvain
Drug Research Institute, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Research
Group, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - Maria J. Alonso
- CIMUS
Research Institute, Campus Vida - University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain
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214
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Development of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cancer Gene Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/646284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Since they were first proposed as nonviral transfection agents for their gene-carrying capacity, magnetic nanoparticles have been studied thoroughly, both in vitro and in vivo. Great effort has been made to manufacture biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles for use in the theragnosis of cancer and other diseases. Here we survey recent advances in the study of magnetic nanoparticles, as well as the polymers and other coating layers currently available for gene therapy, their synthesis, and bioconjugation processes. In addition, we review several gene therapy models based on magnetic nanoparticles.
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215
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Molinaro R, Wolfram J, Federico C, Cilurzo F, Di Marzio L, Ventura CA, Carafa M, Celia C, Fresta M. Polyethylenimine and chitosan carriers for the delivery of RNA interference effectors. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1653-68. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.840286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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216
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Yang CS, Wang H, Hu B. Combination of chemopreventive agents in nanoparticles for cancer prevention. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:1011-4. [PMID: 24072675 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis involves multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations, and a single chemopreventive agent may not be sufficient to prevent these events. Therefore, the use of a combination of agents is an attractive approach for cancer chemoprevention. In this issue of the journal, Prabhu and colleagues examined a combination of aspirin, curcumin, and sulforaphane for the prevention of pancreatic cancer in hamsters (beginning page 1015). The novelty of this work is that when aspirin and curcumin were incorporated in nanoparticles and administered orally, in combination with sulforaphane, the effective dosages were decreased by 10-fold in comparison with the free form mixture. In this commentary, the possible mechanisms of synergistic action among multiple chemopreventive agents and the use of stable nanoparticles for oral delivery are discussed. Also discussed is the importance of measuring tissue levels of the chemopreventive agents to understand the mode of action of these nanoparticles and to avoid toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, 164 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020.
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217
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Park SC, Nam JP, Kim YM, Kim JH, Nah JW, Jang MK. Branched polyethylenimine-grafted-carboxymethyl chitosan copolymer enhances the delivery of pDNA or siRNA in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:3663-77. [PMID: 24106426 PMCID: PMC3792010 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s50911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To generate a good carrier for gene transfection, O-carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-branched polyethylenimine (OCMPEI) copolymers were synthesized by increasing the weight percentage of branched polyethylenimine conjugated to the carboxyl groups of O-carboxymethyl chitosan. These spherical polyplexes with plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (pDNA) or small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) had diameters of ∼200–300 nm or ∼10–25 nm, respectively, and displayed significant transfection efficiency in normal and tumor cells. In particular, expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) following pDNA transfection was effectively suppressed by delivery of GFP-specific siRNA with the same copolymer. The optimized copolymer and polyplexes were nontoxic in vitro and in vivo. The use of endocytosis inhibitors to investigate the mechanisms of transfection of the polyplexes suggested the involvement of macropinocytosis. An in vivo study in mice showed excellent GFP expression in the lung, kidney, and liver. The results demonstrated that the OCMPEI copolymer prepared in this study is a promising carrier for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Cheol Park
- Biomedical Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
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218
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Vicente S, Peleteiro M, Díaz-Freitas B, Sanchez A, González-Fernández Á, Alonso MJ. Co-delivery of viral proteins and a TLR7 agonist from polysaccharide nanocapsules: a needle-free vaccination strategy. J Control Release 2013; 172:773-81. [PMID: 24076340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a new nanotechnology-based nasal vaccination concept intended to elicit both, specific humoral and cellular immune responses. The concept relies on the use of a multifunctional antigen nanocarrier consisting of a hydrophobic nanocore, which can allocate lipophilic immunostimulants, and a polymeric corona made of chitosan (CS), intended to associate antigens and facilitate their transport across the nasal mucosa. The Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, imiquimod, and the recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (HB), were selected as model molecules for the validation of the concept. The multifunctional nanocarriers had a nanometric size (around 200 nm), a high positive zeta potential (+45 mV) and a high antigen association efficiency (70%). They also exhibited the ability to enter macrophages in vitro and to effectively deliver the associated imiquimod intracellularly, as noted by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. IL-6 and TNF-α). However, the nanocarriers did not induce the in vitro activation of the complement cascade. Finally, the positive effect of the co-delivery of HB and imiquimod from the nanocapsules was evidenced upon intranasal administration to mice. The nanocapsules containing imiquimod elicited a protective immune response characterized by increasing IgG levels over time and specific immunological memory. Additionally, the levels of serum IgG subclasses (IgG1 and IgG2a) indicated a balanced cellular/humoral response, thus suggesting the capacity of the nanocapsules to modulate the systemic immune response upon nasal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicente
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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219
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Pereira P, Morgado D, Crepet A, David L, Gama FM. Glycol Chitosan-Based Nanogel as a Potential Targetable Carrier for siRNA. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1369-78. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pereira
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB); Centre for Biological Engineering; Campus de Gualtar University of Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Daniela Morgado
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Ingéniérie des Matériaux Polymères; (IMP@Lyon1), CNRS UMR 5223, 15 Bd Latarjet 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Agnès Crepet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Ingéniérie des Matériaux Polymères; (IMP@Lyon1), CNRS UMR 5223, 15 Bd Latarjet 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Laurent David
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Ingéniérie des Matériaux Polymères; (IMP@Lyon1), CNRS UMR 5223, 15 Bd Latarjet 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Francisco M. Gama
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB); Centre for Biological Engineering; Campus de Gualtar University of Minho Braga Portugal
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220
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Ragelle H, Vandermeulen G, Préat V. Chitosan-based siRNA delivery systems. J Control Release 2013; 172:207-218. [PMID: 23965281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, chitosan has attracted significant attention in the formulation of small interfering RNA (siRNA). Because of its cationic nature, chitosan can easily complex siRNA, thus readily forming nanoparticles. Moreover, chitosan is biocompatible and biodegradable, which make it a good candidate for siRNA delivery in vivo. However, chitosan requires further development to achieve high efficiency. This review will describe the major barriers that impair the efficiency of the chitosan-based siRNA delivery systems, including the stability of the delivery system in biological fluids and endosomal escape. Several solutions to counteract these barriers have been developed and will be discussed. The parameters to consider for designing powerful delivery systems will be described, particularly the possibilities for grafting targeting ligands. Finally, optimized systems that allow in vivo therapeutic applications for both local and systemic delivery will be reviewed. This review will present recent improvements in chitosan-based siRNA delivery systems that overcome many of these system's previous pitfalls and pave the way to a new generation of siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Ragelle
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gaëlle Vandermeulen
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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221
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van Woensel M, Wauthoz N, Rosière R, Amighi K, Mathieu V, Lefranc F, van Gool SW, de Vleeschouwer S. Formulations for Intranasal Delivery of Pharmacological Agents to Combat Brain Disease: A New Opportunity to Tackle GBM? Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:1020-48. [PMID: 24202332 PMCID: PMC3795377 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5031020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in tumor imaging and chemoradiotherapy, the median overall survival of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme does not exceed 15 months. Infiltration of glioma cells into the brain parenchyma, and the blood-brain barrier are important hurdles to further increase the efficacy of classic therapeutic tools. Local administration methods of therapeutic agents, such as convection enhanced delivery and intracerebral injections, are often associated with adverse events. The intranasal pathway has been proposed as a non-invasive alternative route to deliver therapeutics to the brain. This route will bypass the blood-brain barrier and limit systemic side effects. Upon presentation at the nasal cavity, pharmacological agents reach the brain via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves. Recently, formulations have been developed to further enhance this nose-to-brain transport, mainly with the use of nanoparticles. In this review, the focus will be on formulations of pharmacological agents, which increase the nasal permeation of hydrophilic agents to the brain, improve delivery at a constant and slow release rate, protect therapeutics from degradation along the pathway, increase mucoadhesion, and facilitate overall nasal transport. A mounting body of evidence is accumulating that the underexplored intranasal delivery route might represent a major breakthrough to combat glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias van Woensel
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; E-Mail:
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +32-016-34-61-65; Fax: +32-016-34-60-35
| | - Nathalie Wauthoz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium; E-Mails: (N.W.); (R.R.); (K.A.)
| | - Rémi Rosière
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium; E-Mails: (N.W.); (R.R.); (K.A.)
| | - Karim Amighi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium; E-Mails: (N.W.); (R.R.); (K.A.)
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium; E-Mails: (V.M.); (F.L.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Laboratory of Toxicology, ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium; E-Mails: (V.M.); (F.L.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Hospitals, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Stefaan W. van Gool
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; E-Mail:
| | - Steven de Vleeschouwer
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; E-Mail:
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; E-Mail:
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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222
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Liu Y, Yin Y, Wang L, Zhang W, Chen X, Yang X, Xu J, Ma G. Engineering Biomaterial-Associated Complement Activation to Improve Vaccine Efficacy. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:3321-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400930k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ying Yin
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody
Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Lianyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody
Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
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223
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Wegman F, Oner FC, Dhert WJA, Alblas J. Non-viral gene therapy for bone tissue engineering. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2013; 29:206-20. [PMID: 24568281 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2013.801227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The possibilities of using gene therapy for bone regeneration have been extensively investigated. Improvements in the design of new transfection agents, combining vectors and delivery/release systems to diminish cytotoxicity and increase transfection efficiencies have led to several successful in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo strategies. These include growth factor or short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) delivery, or even enzyme replacement therapies, and have led to increased osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in vivo. These results provide optimism to consider use in humans with some of these gene-delivery strategies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Wegman
- a Department of Orthopaedics , UMC Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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224
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Raemdonck K, Martens TF, Braeckmans K, Demeester J, De Smedt SC. Polysaccharide-based nucleic acid nanoformulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1123-47. [PMID: 23680381 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic application of nucleic acids requires their encapsulation in nanosized carriers that enable safe and efficient intracellular delivery. Before the desired site of action is reached, drug-loaded nanoparticles (nanomedicines) encounter numerous extra- and intracellular barriers. Judicious nanocarrier design is highly needed to stimulate nucleic acid delivery across these barriers and maximize the therapeutic benefit. Natural polysaccharides are widely used for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to their inherent biocompatibility. At present, there is a growing interest in applying these biopolymers for the development of nanomedicines. This review highlights various polysaccharides and their derivatives, currently employed in the design of nucleic acid nanocarriers. In particular, recent progress made in polysaccharide-assisted nucleic acid delivery is summarized and the specific benefits that polysaccharides might offer to improve the delivery process are critically discussed.
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225
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Buschmann MD, Merzouki A, Lavertu M, Thibault M, Jean M, Darras V. Chitosans for delivery of nucleic acids. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1234-70. [PMID: 23872012 PMCID: PMC7103275 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alternatives to efficient viral vectors in gene therapy are desired because of their poor safety profiles. Chitosan is a promising non-viral nucleotide delivery vector because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenicity and ease of manufacturing. Since the transfection efficiency of chitosan polyplexes is relatively low compared to viral counterparts, there is an impetus to gain a better understanding of the structure-performance relationship. Recent progress in preparation and characterisation has enabled coupling analysis of chitosans structural parameters that has led to increased TE by tailoring of chitosan's structure. In this review, we summarize the recent advances that have lead to a more rational design of chitosan polyplexes. We present an integrated review of all major areas of chitosan-based transfection, including preparation, chitosan and polyplexes physicochemical characterisation, in vitro and in vivo assessment. In each, we present the obstacles to efficient transfection and the strategies adopted over time to surmount these impediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Buschmann
- Dept. Chemical Engineering and Inst. Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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226
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Vicente S, Diaz-Freitas B, Peleteiro M, Sanchez A, Pascual DW, Gonzalez-Fernandez A, Alonso MJ. A polymer/oil based nanovaccine as a single-dose immunization approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62500. [PMID: 23614052 PMCID: PMC3632546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The recognized necessity for new antigen delivery carriers with the capacity to boost, modulate and prolong neutralizing immune responses prompted our approach, in which we describe a multifunctional nanocarrier consisting of an oily nanocontainer protected by a polymeric shell made of chitosan (CS), named CS nanocapsules (CSNC). The CS shell can associate the antigen on its surface, whereas the oily core might provide additional immunostimulating properties. In this first characterization of the system, we intended to study the influence of different antigen organizations on the nanocarrier's surface (using the recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen –rHBsAg– as a model antigen) on their long-term immunopotentiating effect, without any additional immunostimulant. Thus, two prototypes of antigen-loaded CSNC (CSNC+ and CSNC−), exhibiting similar particle size (200 nm) and high antigen association efficiency (>80%), were developed with different surface composition (polymer/antigen ratios) and surface charge (positive/negative, respectively). The biological evaluation of these nanovaccines evidenced the superiority of the CSNC+ as compared to CSNC- and alum-rHBsAg in terms of neutralizing antibody responses, following intramuscular vaccination. Moreover, a single dose of CSNC+ led to similar IgG levels to the positive control. The IgG1/IgG2a ratio suggested a mixed Th1/Th2 response elicited by CSNC+, in contrast to the typical Th2-biased response of alum. Finally, CSNC+ could be freeze-dried without altering its physicochemical properties and adjuvant effect in vivo. In conclusion, the evaluation of CSNC+ confirms its interesting features for enhancing, prolonging and modulating the type of immune response against subunit antigens, such as rHBsAg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicente
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belen Diaz-Freitas
- Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IBIV), Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Mercedes Peleteiro
- Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IBIV), Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sanchez
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - David W. Pascual
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Africa Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IBIV), Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria J. Alonso
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
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227
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Pepić I, Lovrić J, Filipović-Grčić J. How do polymeric micelles cross epithelial barriers? Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:42-55. [PMID: 23619286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-parenteral delivery of drugs using nanotechnology-based delivery systems is a promising non-invasive way to achieve effective local or systemic drug delivery. The efficacy of drugs administered non-parenterally is limited by their ability to cross biological barriers, and epithelial tissues particularly present challenges. Polymeric micelles can achieve transepithelial drug delivery because of their ability to be internalized into cells and/or cross epithelial barriers, thereby delivering drugs either locally or systematically following non-parenteral administration. This review discusses the particular characteristics of various epithelial barriers and assesses their potential as non-parenteral routes of delivery. The material characteristics of polymeric micelles (e.g., size, surface charge, and surface decoration) and of unimers dissociated from polymeric micelles determine their interactions (non-specific and/or specific) with mucus and epithelial cells as well as their intracellular fate. This paper outlines the mechanisms governing the major modes of internalization of polymeric micelles into epithelial cells, with an emphasis on specific recent examples of the transport of drug-loaded polymeric micelles across epithelial barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pepić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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228
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Abstract
Within the past few years, chitosan-based drug delivery vehicles have become some of the most attractive to be studied. In contrast to all other polysaccharides, chitosan has demonstrated its unique characteristics for drug delivery platforms, including its active primary amino groups for chemical modification, simple and mild preparation methods for the encapsulation of biomolecules or drugs, mucoadhesion to facilitate transport across mucosal barriers and so on. In this review, an overview of the various types of chitosan-based drug delivery systems is provided, with special focus on polymeric drug conjugates and drug nanocarriers. The first part of the review is concerned with the development and applications of polymeric chitosan-drug conjugates. Then the chitosan-based nanocarrier systems as well as their preparation methods and applications are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Hu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, No.100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100124, China.
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229
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Systemic heparin delivery by the pulmonary route using chitosan and glycol chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2013; 447:115-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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230
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Lee SM, Liu KH, Liu YY, Chang YP, Lin CC, Chen YS. Chitosonic ® Acid as a Novel Cosmetic Ingredient: Evaluation of its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Hydration Activities. MATERIALS 2013; 6:1391-1402. [PMID: 28809216 PMCID: PMC5452309 DOI: 10.3390/ma6041391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chitosonic® Acid, carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan, is a novel chitosan material that has recently been accepted by the Personal Care Products Council as a new cosmetic ingredient with the INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients) name Carboxymethyl Caprooyl Chitosan. In this study, we analyze several important cosmetic characteristics of Chitosonic® Acid. Our results demonstrate that Chitosonic® Acid is a water-soluble chitosan derivative with a high HLB value. Chitosonic® Acid can form a nano-network structure when its concentration is higher than 0.5% and can self-assemble into a nanosphere structure when its concentration is lower than 0.2%. Chitosonic® Acid has potent antimicrobial activities against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and fungus. Chitosonic® Acid also has moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity. Additionally, Chitosonic® Acid exhibits good hydration activity for absorbing and retaining water molecules with its hydrophilic groups. From a safety point of view, Chitosonic® Acid has no cytotoxicity to L-929 cells if its concentration is less than 0.5%. Moreover, Chitosonic® Acid has good compatibilities with various normal cosmetic ingredients. Therefore, we propose that Chitosonic® Acid has the potential to be a widely used ingredient in various types of cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Management, Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, 92 Shengjing Road, Beitou, Taipei 11260, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Ho Liu
- Advanced Delivery Technology Co. Ltd, 5F, D Building, No.120, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu Industrial Park, Hukou Township, Hsinchu 30352, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Yu Liu
- Advanced Delivery Technology Co. Ltd, 5F, D Building, No.120, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu Industrial Park, Hukou Township, Hsinchu 30352, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Po Chang
- Advanced Delivery Technology Co. Ltd, 5F, D Building, No.120, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu Industrial Park, Hukou Township, Hsinchu 30352, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chien Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, No. 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu, Taichung 43301, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Shyan Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, No. 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu, Taichung 43301, Taiwan.
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231
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Malhotra A, Zhang X, Turkson J, Santra S. Buffer-stable chitosan-polyglutamic acid hybrid nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:603-13. [PMID: 23460363 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In spite of their attractive features, widespread biomedical applications of CS nanoparticles are yet to be realized due to their poor stability in physiological conditions, such as in buffer system at pH 7.4. Buffer-stable chitosan-based hybrid NPs (HNPs) are reported and characterized. Buffer stability is achieved by introducing polyglutamic acid to chitosan. The effect of PGA to CS molar ratio and crosslinking on HNP integrity, buffer stability, and biodegradability are studied. Preliminary in vitro studies are carried out to evaluate targeted uptake efficiency of folate conjugated HNPs. Successful demonstration of buffer stability and cancer cell targeting by HNPs achieves important milestones for chitosan-based nanoparticle technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Malhotra
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, USA
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232
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Exploiting the synergistic effect of chitosan–EDTA conjugate with MSA for the early recovery from colitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 54:186-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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233
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Giacalone G, Bochot A, Fattal E, Hillaireau H. Drug-induced nanocarrier assembly as a strategy for the cellular delivery of nucleotides and nucleotide analogues. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:737-42. [PMID: 23351139 DOI: 10.1021/bm301832v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The natural nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nucleotide analogues such as azidothymidine triphosphate (AZT-TP) display important pharmacological activities for the treatment of ischemia and HIV infections, respectively. Their clinical use is, however, limited mostly due to their hydrophilicity, which highly restricts their diffusion into the target cells. Few nanocarriers have been proposed to address the challenge of ATP/AZT-TP cellular delivery, but the loading efficiency, preparation complexity, and efficient cellular delivery remain important barriers to their development. In this study, we propose an original, straightforward and versatile design of nucleotide and nucleotide analogue nanocarriers based on the natural polysaccharide chitosan (CS). We show that the drugs ATP and AZT-TP can induce ionotropic gelation of CS, leading to CS/ATP and CS/AZT-TP nanoparticles with high drug entrapment efficiency and loading rate-up to 44%. Such nanocarriers release ATP and AZT-TP in physiological media and allow an efficient in vitro cellular delivery of these molecules down to the cell cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Giacalone
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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234
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Liu B, Shen S, Luo J, Wang X, Sun R. One-pot green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of exfoliated Ag NP-loaded quaternized chitosan/clay nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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235
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Kaushik A, Arya SK, Vasudev A, Bhansali S. Recent Advances in Detection of Ochratoxin-A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ojab.2013.21001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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236
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The oral delivery of peptides and proteins: established versus recently patented approaches. Pharm Pat Anal 2013; 2:125-45. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa.12.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years there has been significant research into technologies that promote the delivery of high molecular weight, poor membrane-permeable compounds across the gut. Most work has concentrated on the delivery of peptides and proteins. However, technologies have also been applied to compounds such as poorly membrane-permeable small molecules, heparin and oligonucleotides. Much of this research has been characterized by early promise with many systems showing positive results in animal studies. Success in man has proven more elusive. In 2011, however, the oral delivery of peptides took one step closer to commercial reality when Tarsa Therapeutics announced that it had achieved positive Phase III data for oral recombinant salmon calcitonin. This article reviews the current development status of oral delivery systems for peptides and proteins and examines recent patent activity in this field based mainly on US patents issued in the last 2–3 years.
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237
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Targeting herpetic keratitis by gene therapy. J Ophthalmol 2012; 2012:594869. [PMID: 23326647 PMCID: PMC3541562 DOI: 10.1155/2012/594869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular gene therapy is rapidly becoming a reality. By November 2012, approximately 28 clinical trials were approved to assess novel gene therapy agents. Viral infections such as herpetic keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can cause serious complications that may lead to blindness. Recurrence of the disease is likely and cornea transplantation, therefore, might not be the ideal therapeutic solution. This paper will focus on the current situation of ocular gene therapy research against herpetic keratitis, including the use of viral and nonviral vectors, routes of delivery of therapeutic genes, new techniques, and key research strategies. Whereas the correction of inherited diseases was the initial goal of the field of gene therapy, here we discuss transgene expression, gene replacement, silencing, or clipping. Gene therapy of herpetic keratitis previously reported in the literature is screened emphasizing candidate gene therapy targets. Commonly adopted strategies are discussed to assess the relative advantages of the protective therapy using antiviral drugs and the common gene therapy against long-term HSV-1 ocular infections signs, inflammation and neovascularization. Successful gene therapy can provide innovative physiological and pharmaceutical solutions against herpetic keratitis.
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238
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Zhai X, Wang W, Wang C, Wang Q, Liu W. PDMAEMA-b-polysulfobetaine brushes-modified ε-polylysine as a serum-resistant vector for highly efficient gene delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm35502g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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