201
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Ghose S, Rajshekaran R, Labanca M, Conley L. Modeling on-column reduction of trisulfide bonds in monoclonal antibodies during protein A chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1479:81-86. [PMID: 27955895 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Trisulfides can be a common post-translational modification in many recombinant monoclonal antibodies. These are a source of product heterogeneity that add to the complexity of product characterization and hence, need to be reduced for consistent product quality. Trisulfide bonds can be converted to the regular disulfide bonds by incorporating a novel cysteine wash step during Protein A affinity chromatography. An empirical model is developed for this on-column reduction reaction to compare the reaction rates as a function of typical operating parameters such as temperature, cysteine concentration, reaction time and starting level of trisulfides. The model presented here is anticipated to assist in the development of optimal wash conditions for the Protein A step to effectively reduce trisulfides to desired levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchayita Ghose
- Process Biochemistry, Technical Development, Biogen, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
| | - Rupshika Rajshekaran
- Process Biochemistry, Technical Development, Biogen, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Marisa Labanca
- Process Biochemistry, Technical Development, Biogen, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Lynn Conley
- Process Biochemistry, Technical Development, Biogen, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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202
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Conley L, Tao Y, Henry A, Koepf E, Cecchini D, Pieracci J, Ghose S. Evaluation of eco-friendly zwitterionic detergents for enveloped virus inactivation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:813-820. [PMID: 27800626 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Inclusion of a detergent in protein biotherapeutic purification processes is a simple and very robust method for inactivating enveloped viruses. The detergent Triton X-100 has been used for many years and is part of the production process of several commercial therapeutic proteins. However, recent ecological studies have suggested that Triton X-100 and its break-down products can potentially behave as endocrine disrupters in aquatic organisms, raising concerns from an environmental impact perspective. As such, discharge of Triton X-100 into the waste water treatment plants is regulated in some jurisdictions, and alternative detergents for viral inactivation are required. In this work, we report on the identification and evaluation of more eco-friendly detergents as viable replacements for Triton X-100. Five detergent candidates with low to moderate environmental impact were initially identified and evaluated with respect to protein stability, followed by proof-of-concept virus inactivation studies using a model enveloped virus. From the set of candidates lauryldimethylamine N-oxide (LDAO) was identified as the most promising detergent due to its low ecotoxicity, robust anti-viral activity (LRV >4 at validation set-point conditions with X-MuLX), and absence of any negative impact on protein function. This detergent exhibited effective and robust virus inactivation in a broad range of protein concentrations, solution conductivities, pHs, and in several different cell culture fluid matrices. The only process parameter which correlated with reduced virus inactivation potency was LDAO concentration, and then only when the concentration was reduced to below the detergent's critical micelle concentration (CMC). Additionally, this work also demonstrated that LDAO was cleared to below detectable levels after Protein A affinity chromatography, making it suitable for use in a platform process that utilizes this chromatographic mode for protein capture. All these findings suggest that LDAO may be a practical alternative to Triton X-100 for use in protein therapeutic production processes for inactivating enveloped viruses. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 813-820. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Conley
- Process Biochemistry, Biogen, 5000 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park 27709, North Carolina
| | - Yinying Tao
- Bioproduct Research and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Alexis Henry
- Process Biochemistry, Biogen, 5000 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park 27709, North Carolina
| | - Edward Koepf
- Process Biochemistry, Biogen, 5000 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park 27709, North Carolina
| | | | - John Pieracci
- Process Biochemistry, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sanchayita Ghose
- Process Biochemistry, Biogen, 5000 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park 27709, North Carolina
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203
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Yada T, Nonaka K, Yabuta M, Yoshimoto N, Yamamoto S. Choosing the right protein A affinity chromatography media can remove aggregates efficiently. Biotechnol J 2016; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Yada
- Biologics Research Laboratories; R&D division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd; Oura-gun Japan
| | - Koichi Nonaka
- Biologics Research Laboratories; R&D division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd; Oura-gun Japan
| | - Masayuki Yabuta
- Biologics Research Laboratories; R&D division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd; Oura-gun Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshimoto
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Center(YUBEC); Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
| | - Shuichi Yamamoto
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Center(YUBEC); Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
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204
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Wang RZ, Lin DQ, Chu WN, Zhang QL, Yao SJ. New tetrapeptide ligands designed for antibody purification with biomimetic chromatography: Molecular simulation and experimental validation. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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205
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Dias AM, Roque AC. The future of protein scaffolds as affinity reagents for purification. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:481-491. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M.G.C. Dias
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus Caparica Caparica 2829-516 Portugal
| | - Ana C.A. Roque
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus Caparica Caparica 2829-516 Portugal
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206
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Rüdt M, Brestrich N, Rolinger L, Hubbuch J. Real-time monitoring and control of the load phase of a protein A capture step. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:368-373. [PMID: 27543789 PMCID: PMC5215519 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The load phase in preparative Protein A capture steps is commonly not controlled in real‐time. The load volume is generally based on an offline quantification of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) prior to loading and on a conservative column capacity determined by resin‐life time studies. While this results in a reduced productivity in batch mode, the bottleneck of suitable real‐time analytics has to be overcome in order to enable continuous mAb purification. In this study, Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS) modeling on UV/Vis absorption spectra was applied to quantify mAb in the effluent of a Protein A capture step during the load phase. A PLS model based on several breakthrough curves with variable mAb titers in the HCCF was successfully calibrated. The PLS model predicted the mAb concentrations in the effluent of a validation experiment with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.06 mg/mL. The information was applied to automatically terminate the load phase, when a product breakthrough of 1.5 mg/mL was reached. In a second part of the study, the sensitivity of the method was further increased by only considering small mAb concentrations in the calibration and by subtracting an impurity background signal. The resulting PLS model exhibited a RMSE of prediction of 0.01 mg/mL and was successfully applied to terminate the load phase, when a product breakthrough of 0.15 mg/mL was achieved. The proposed method has hence potential for the real‐time monitoring and control of capture steps at large scale production. This might enhance the resin capacity utilization, eliminate time‐consuming offline analytics, and contribute to the realization of continuous processing. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 368–373. © 2016 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rüdt
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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207
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DoE based integration approach of upstream and downstream processing regarding HCP and ATPE as harvest operation. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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208
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Lee YF, Graalfs H, Frech C. Thermodynamic modeling of protein retention in mixed-mode chromatography: An extended model for isocratic and dual gradient elution chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1464:87-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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209
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Bhambure R, Gillespie CM, Phillips M, Graalfs H, Lenhoff AM. Ionic strength-dependent changes in tentacular ion exchangers with variable ligand density. I. Structural properties. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1463:90-101. [PMID: 27544749 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The ligand density critically affects the performance of ion-exchange resins in such measures as the adsorption capacity and transport characteristics. However, for tentacular and other polymer-modified exchangers, the mechanistic basis of the effect of ligand density on performance is not yet fully understood. In this study we map the ionic strength-dependent structural changes in tentacular cation exchangers with variable ligand densities as the basis for subsequent investigation of effects on functional properties. Inverse size-exclusion chromatography (ISEC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) were used to assess the effect of ionic strength on the pore size and intraparticle architecture of resin variants with different ligand densities. Comparison of ISEC and cryo-SEM results shows a considerable reduction in average pore size with increasing ligand density; these methods also confirm an increase of average pore size at higher ionic strengths. SAXS analysis of ionic strength-dependent conformational changes in the grafted polyelectrolyte layer shows a characteristic ionomer peak at values of the scattering vector q (0.1-0.2Å(-1)) that depend on the ligand density and the ionic strength of the solution. This peak attribution reflects nanoscale changes in the structure of the grafted polyelectrolyte chains that can in turn be responsible for observed pore-size changes in the resins. Finally, salt breakthrough experiments confirm a stronger Donnan exclusion effect on pore accessibility for small ions in the high ligand density variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhambure
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | | | | | - Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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210
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Bunnak P, Allmendinger R, Ramasamy SV, Lettieri P, Titchener-Hooker NJ. Life-cycle and cost of goods assessment of fed-batch and perfusion-based manufacturing processes for mAbs. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 32:1324-1335. [PMID: 27390260 PMCID: PMC5082523 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Life‐cycle assessment (LCA) is an environmental assessment tool that quantifies the environmental impact associated with a product or a process (e.g., water consumption, energy requirements, and solid waste generation). While LCA is a standard approach in many commercial industries, its application has not been exploited widely in the bioprocessing sector. To contribute toward the design of more cost‐efficient, robust and environmentally‐friendly manufacturing process for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), a framework consisting of an LCA and economic analysis combined with a sensitivity analysis of manufacturing process parameters and a production scale‐up study is presented. The efficiency of the framework is demonstrated using a comparative study of the two most commonly used upstream configurations for mAb manufacture, namely fed‐batch (FB) and perfusion‐based processes. Results obtained by the framework are presented using a range of visualization tools, and indicate that a standard perfusion process (with a pooling duration of 4 days) has similar cost of goods than a FB process but a larger environmental footprint because it consumed 35% more water, demanded 17% more energy, and emitted 17% more CO2 than the FB process. Water consumption was the most important impact category, especially when scaling‐up the processes, as energy was required to produce process water and water‐for‐injection, while CO2 was emitted from energy generation. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the perfusion process can be made more environmentally‐friendly than the FB process if the pooling duration is extended to 8 days. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:1324–1335, 2016
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumthep Bunnak
- Dept. of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K
| | | | - Sri V Ramasamy
- Dept. of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K
| | - Paola Lettieri
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K
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211
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Novel targets for paclitaxel nano formulations: Hopes and hypes in triple negative breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:577-591. [PMID: 27461138 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is defined as one of the utmost prevailing breast cancers worldwide, possessing an inadequate prognosis and treatment option limited to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, creating a challenge for researchers as far as developing a specific targeted therapy is concerned. The past research era has shown several promising outcomes for TNBC such as nano-formulations of the chemotherapeutic agents already used for the management of the malignant tumor. Taking a glance at paclitaxel nano formulations, it has been proven beneficial in several researches in the past decade; nevertheless its solubility is often a challenge to scientists in achieving success. We have henceforth discussed the basic heterogeneity of triple negative breast cancer along with the current management options as well as a brief outlook on pros and cons of paclitaxel, known as the most widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of the disease. We further analyzed the need of nanotechnology pertaining to the problems encountered with the current paclitaxel formulations available discussing the strategic progress in various nano-formulations till date taking into account the basic research strategies required in terms of solubility, permeability, physicochemical properties, active and passive targeting. A thorough review in recent advances in active targeting for TNBC was carried out whereby the various ligands which are at present finding its way into TNBC research such as hyaluronic acid, folic acid, transferrin, etc. were discussed. These ligands have specific receptor affinity to TNBC tumor cells hence can be beneficial for novel drug targeting approaches. Conversely, there are currently several novel strategies in the research pipeline whose targeting ligands have not yet been studied. Therefore, we reviewed upon the numerous novel receptor targets along with the respective nano-formulation aspects which have not yet been fully researched upon and could be exemplified as outstanding target strategies for TNBC which is currently an urgent requirement.
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212
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Application of Mechanistic Models for Process Design and Development of Biologic Drug Products. J Pharm Innov 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-016-9250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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213
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Jacquemart R, Vandersluis M, Zhao M, Sukhija K, Sidhu N, Stout J. A Single-use Strategy to Enable Manufacturing of Affordable Biologics. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2016; 14:309-18. [PMID: 27570613 PMCID: PMC4990569 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The current processing paradigm of large manufacturing facilities dedicated to single product production is no longer an effective approach for best manufacturing practices. Increasing competition for new indications and the launch of biosimilars for the monoclonal antibody market have put pressure on manufacturers to produce at lower cost. Single-use technologies and continuous upstream processes have proven to be cost-efficient options to increase biomass production but as of today the adoption has been only minimal for the purification operations, partly due to concerns related to cost and scale-up. This review summarizes how a single-use holistic process and facility strategy can overcome scale limitations and enable cost-efficient manufacturing to support the growing demand for affordable biologics. Technologies enabling high productivity, right-sized, small footprint, continuous, and automated upstream and downstream operations are evaluated in order to propose a concept for the flexible facility of the future.
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Key Words
- Affinity membrane chromatography
- Antibody manufacturing paradigms
- B&E, bind and elute
- CapEx, capital expense
- CoG, cost of goods
- Continuous bioprocessing
- DSP, downstream process
- EBA, expanded bed adsorption
- EMA, European Medicines Agency
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- FT, flow through
- Flexible, single-use facilities
- HCP, host cell protein
- MV, membrane volume
- OpEx, operating expense
- PAT, process analytical technology
- Process economics
- SMB, simulated moving bed
- USP, upstream process
- cGMP, current good manufacturing practice
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Jacquemart
- Natrix Separations Inc., 5295 John Lucas Drive, Burlington, Ontario L7L 6A8, Canada
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214
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Steinebach F, Müller-Späth T, Morbidelli M. Continuous counter-current chromatography for capture and polishing steps in biopharmaceutical production. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:1126-41. [PMID: 27376629 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The economic advantages of continuous processing of biopharmaceuticals, which include smaller equipment and faster, efficient processes, have increased interest in this technology over the past decade. Continuous processes can also improve quality assurance and enable greater controllability, consistent with the quality initiatives of the FDA. Here, we discuss different continuous multi-column chromatography processes. Differences in the capture and polishing steps result in two different types of continuous processes that employ counter-current column movement. Continuous-capture processes are associated with increased productivity per cycle and decreased buffer consumption, whereas the typical purity-yield trade-off of classical batch chromatography can be surmounted by continuous processes for polishing applications. In the context of continuous manufacturing, different but complementary chromatographic columns or devices are typically combined to improve overall process performance and avoid unnecessary product storage. In the following, these various processes, their performances compared with batch processing and resulting product quality are discussed based on a review of the literature. Based on various examples of applications, primarily monoclonal antibody production processes, conclusions are drawn about the future of these continuous-manufacturing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Steinebach
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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215
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Steinhoff RF, Karst DJ, Steinebach F, Kopp MR, Schmidt GW, Stettler A, Krismer J, Soos M, Pabst M, Hierlemann A, Morbidelli M, Zenobi R. Microarray-based MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry enables monitoring of monoclonal antibody production in batch and perfusion cell cultures. Methods 2016; 104:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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216
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Burke KA, Brenckle MA, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG. Evaluation of the Spectral Response of Functionalized Silk Inverse Opals as Colorimetric Immunosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:16218-26. [PMID: 27322909 PMCID: PMC5765754 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Regenerated silk fibroin is a high molecular weight protein obtained by purifying the cocoons of the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori. This report exploits the aqueous processing and tunable β sheet secondary structure of regenerated silk to produce nanostructures (i.e., inverse opals) that can be used as colorimetric immunosensors. Such sensors would enable direct detection of antigens by changes in reflectance spectra induced by binding events within the nanostructure. Silk inverse opals were prepared by solution casting and annealing in a humidified atmosphere to render the silk insoluble. Next, antigen sensing capabilities were imparted to silk through a three step synthesis: coupling of avidin to silk surfaces, coupling of biotin to antibodies, and lastly antibody attachment to silk through avidin-biotin interactions. Varying the antibody enables detection of different antigens, as demonstrated using different protein antigens: antibodies, red fluorescent protein, and the beta subunit of cholera toxin. Antigen binding to sensors induces a red shift in the opal reflectance spectra, while sensors not exposed to antigen showed either no shift or a slight blue shift. This work constitutes a first step for the design of biopolymer-based optical systems that could directly detect antigens using commercially available reagents and environmentally friendly chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Burke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Polymer Program, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Mark A. Brenckle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Fiorenzo G. Omenetto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Physics, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford Massachusetts 02155, United States
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217
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Abou-Elkacem L, Wilson KE, Johnson SM, Chowdhury SM, Bachawal S, Hackel BJ, Tian L, Willmann JK. Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of the Breast Cancer Neovasculature using Engineered Fibronectin Scaffold Ligands: A Novel Class of Targeted Contrast Ultrasound Agent. Theranostics 2016; 6:1740-52. [PMID: 27570547 PMCID: PMC4997233 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly-targeted microbubbles (MBs) are increasingly being recognized as promising contrast agents for oncological molecular imaging with ultrasound. With the detection and validation of new molecular imaging targets, novel binding ligands are needed that bind to molecular imaging targets with high affinity and specificity. In this study we assessed a novel class of potentially clinically translatable MBs using an engineered 10th type III domain of human-fibronectin (MB-FN3VEGFR2) scaffold-ligand to image VEGFR2 on the neovasculature of cancer. The in vitro binding of MB-FN3VEGFR2 to a soluble VEGFR2 was assessed by flow-cytometry (FACS) and binding to VEGFR2-expressing cells was assessed by flow-chamber cell attachment studies under flow shear stress conditions. In vivo binding of MB-FN3VEGFR2 was tested in a transgenic mouse model (FVB/N Tg(MMTV/PyMT634Mul) of breast cancer and control litter mates with normal mammary glands. In vitro FACS and flow-chamber cell attachment studies showed significantly (P<0.01) higher binding to VEGFR2 using MB-FN3VEGFR2 than control agents. In vivo ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) studies using MB-FN3VEGFR2 demonstrated specific binding to VEGFR2 and was significantly higher (P<0.01) in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue. Ex vivo immunofluorescence-analysis showed significantly (P<0.01) increased VEGFR2-expression in breast cancer compared to normal mammary tissue. Our results suggest that MBs coupled to FN3-scaffolds can be designed and used for USMI of breast cancer neoangiogenesis. Due to their small size, stability, solubility, the lack of glycosylation and disulfide bonds, FN3-scaffolds can be recombinantly produced with the advantage of generating small, high affinity ligands in a cost efficient way for USMI.
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218
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Austerberry JI, Belton DJ. The aggregation of cytochrome C may be linked to its flexibility during refolding. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:33. [PMID: 28330101 PMCID: PMC4713397 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale expression of biopharmaceutical proteins in cellular hosts results in production of large insoluble mass aggregates. In order to generate functional product, these aggregates require further processing through refolding with denaturant, a process in itself that can result in aggregation. Using a model folding protein, cytochrome C, we show how an increase in final denaturant concentration decreases the propensity of the protein to aggregate during refolding. Using polarised fluorescence anisotropy, we show how reduced levels of aggregation can be achieved by increasing the period of time the protein remains flexible during refolding, mediated through dilution ratios. This highlights the relationship between the flexibility of a protein and its propensity to aggregate. We attribute this behaviour to the preferential urea-residue interaction, over self-association between molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- James I Austerberry
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 121 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Daniel J Belton
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
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219
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Baumann P, Hubbuch J. Downstream process development strategies for effective bioprocesses: Trends, progress, and combinatorial approaches. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:1142-1158. [PMID: 32624742 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The biopharmaceutical industry is at a turning point moving toward a more customized and patient-oriented medicine (precision medicine). Straightforward routines such as the antibody platform process are extended to production processes for a new portfolio of molecules. As a consequence, individual and tailored productions require generic approaches for a fast and dedicated purification process development. In this article, different effective strategies in biopharmaceutical purification process development are reviewed that can analogously be used for the new generation of antibodies. Conventional approaches based on heuristics and high-throughput process development are discussed and compared to modern technologies such as multivariate calibration and mechanistic modeling tools. Such approaches constitute a good foundation for fast and effective process development for new products and processes, but their full potential becomes obvious in a correlated combination. Thus, different combinatorial approaches are presented, which might become future directions in the biopharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Baumann
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
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220
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Synthesis of adsorbents with dendronic structures for protein hydrophobic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1443:191-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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221
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Sha S, Agarabi C, Brorson K, Lee DY, Yoon S. N-Glycosylation Design and Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:835-846. [PMID: 27016033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The N-linked glycan profiles on recombinant monoclonal antibody therapeutics significantly affect antibody biological functions and are largely determined by host cell genotypes and culture conditions. A key step in bioprocess development for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) involves optimization and control of N-glycan profiles. With pressure from pricing and biosimilars looming, more efficient and effective approaches are sought in the field of glycoengineering. Metabolic studies and mathematical modeling are two such approaches that optimize bioprocesses by better understanding and predicting glycosylation. In this review, we summarize a group of strategies currently used for glycan profile modulation and control. Metabolic analysis and mathematical modeling are then explored with an emphasis on how these two techniques can be utilized to advance glycoengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sha
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01850, USA
| | - Cyrus Agarabi
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Office of Biotechnology Products, OPQ, CDER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kurt Brorson
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Office of Biotechnology Products, OPQ, CDER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01850, USA.
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222
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223
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Madeira LM, Szeto TH, Henquet M, Raven N, Runions J, Huddleston J, Garrard I, Drake PMW, Ma JKC. High-yield production of a human monoclonal IgG by rhizosecretion in hydroponic tobacco cultures. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:615-24. [PMID: 26038982 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Rhizosecretion of recombinant pharmaceuticals from in vitro hydroponic transgenic plant cultures is a simple, low cost, reproducible and controllable production method. Here, we demonstrate the application and adaptation of this manufacturing platform to a human antivitronectin IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) called M12. The rationale for specific growth medium additives was established by phenotypic analysis of root structure and by LC-ESI-MS/MS profiling of the total protein content profile of the hydroponic medium. Through a combination of optimization approaches, mAb yields in hydroponic medium reached 46 μg/mL in 1 week, the highest figure reported for a recombinant mAb in a plant secretion-based system to date. The rhizosecretome was determined to contain 104 proteins, with the mAb heavy and light chains the most abundant. This enabled evaluation of a simple, scalable extraction and purification protocol and demonstration that only minimal processing was necessary prior to protein A affinity chromatography. MALDI-TOF MS revealed that purified mAb contained predominantly complex-type plant N-glycans, in three major glycoforms. The binding of M12 purified from hydroponic medium to vitronectin was comparable to its Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-derived counterpart. This study demonstrates that in vitro hydroponic cultivation coupled with recombinant protein rhizosecretion can be a practical, low-cost production platform for monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Madeira
- The Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Tim H Szeto
- The Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Maurice Henquet
- Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Raven
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Aachen, Germany
| | - John Runions
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jon Huddleston
- Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University, London, UK
| | - Ian Garrard
- Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University, London, UK
| | - Pascal M W Drake
- The Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Julian K-C Ma
- The Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
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224
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Tong HF, Lin DQ, Chu WN, Zhang QL, Gao D, Wang RZ, Yao SJ. Multimodal charge-induction chromatography for antibody purification. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1429:258-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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225
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Shargh VH, Hondermarck H, Liang M. Antibody-targeted biodegradable nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:63-79. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology has great potentials to revolutionize the future cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this context, various nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed for targeted delivery of diagnostic/therapeutic agents to the tumor sites, which thus result in greater efficacy and much less side effects. The targeting property of NPs is often achieved by functionalizing their surface with tumor-specific ligands, such as antibodies, peptides, small molecules and oligonucleotides. In this review, we will discuss recent progress in the multifunctional design of antibody-targeted NPs with a special focus on liposomal, polymeric and protein-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Heravi Shargh
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mingtao Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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226
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Rathore AS, Singh SK. Production of Protein Therapeutics in the Quality by Design (QbD) Paradigm. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2015_5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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227
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Ooi HW, Ketterer B, Trouillet V, Franzreb M, Barner-Kowollik C. Thermoresponsive Agarose Based Microparticles for Antibody Separation. Biomacromolecules 2015; 17:280-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huey Wen Ooi
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
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228
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Development of an acidic/neutral antibody flow-through polishing step using salt-tolerant anion exchange chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4155/pbp.15.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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229
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Scale-up protein separation on stainless steel wide bore toroidal columns in the type-J counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1424:102-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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230
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Double-peak elution profile of a monoclonal antibody in cation exchange chromatography is caused by histidine-protonation-based charge variants. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1424:92-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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231
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Impact on monoclonal antibody production in murine hybridoma cell cultures of adenosine receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 26:540-544. [PMID: 26646217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of different adenosine receptor antagonists and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors on monoclonal antibody (mAb) titer and cell viability of murine hybridoma cells in culture were measured as part of our investigations to discover additives that enhance mAb production. Specific adenosine receptor antagonists and PDE inhibitors were found to enhance or decrease the titer of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) mAbs relative to negative controls, depending on the specific compound and cell line employed. The observed enhancements or decreases in IgG1 mAb titer appeared to be mainly due to an increase or decrease in specific productivity rates (ngmAb/cell), respectively. The different effects of the selective adenosine antagonists suggest that antagonism at the level of the adenosine A2A and A1 or the adenosine A3 receptors result in either enhancement or suppression of IgG1 mAb production by hybridoma cells. Overall, these studies have identified hitherto unknown activities of specific adenosine antagonists and PDE inhibitors which indicate they may have valuable roles as cell culture additives in industrial biomanufacturing processes designed to enhance the yields of mAbs or other recombinant proteins produced by mammalian cell culture procedures.
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232
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Agarwal A, Parriott J, Demirel S, Argo C, Sepah YJ, Do DV, Nguyen QD. Nonbiological pharmacotherapies for the treatment of diabetic macular edema. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2015; 16:2625-35. [PMID: 26523670 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the past decade, there have been significant advances in the pharmacotherapies for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Among the presently available treatment options, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF) agents are the most favored agents due to their efficacy and safety. The index review focuses on nonbiological therapies that have entered in phase 3 clinical trials for DME. AREAS COVERED An extensive review of the literature was performed to identify various nonbiological immunotherapies i.e., drugs other than '-mAbs' (monoclonal antibodies including anti-VEGF agents), '-mibs' (proteasome inhibitors), '-NAbs' (nanoparticle albumin-bound), and '-nibs' (small molecule inhibitor/tyrosine kinase inhibitors), among others. Extended-release low-dose corticosteroid devices have been recently approved for the treatment of DME. Other compounds such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibody mimetic proteins, nonbiological growth factor inhibitors, and inhibitors of protein kinase C have been described. EXPERT OPINION A number of therapies are under development for the pharmacological management of DME. Due to the rising healthcare costs associated with anti-VEGF agents, a number of alternate treatment options have been explored recently. Some of these agents have reached phase 3 in clinical trials and appear to have a promising role in the management of DME. As further research is conducted, the role of each individual agent will become more defined, alone or in combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Agarwal
- a Ocular Imaging Research and Reading Center (OIRRC) , Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Jacob Parriott
- b College of Medicine , University of Nebraska , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Sibel Demirel
- a Ocular Imaging Research and Reading Center (OIRRC) , Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Department of Ophthalmology , Ankara University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Colby Argo
- b College of Medicine , University of Nebraska , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Yasir Jamal Sepah
- a Ocular Imaging Research and Reading Center (OIRRC) , Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Diana V Do
- a Ocular Imaging Research and Reading Center (OIRRC) , Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Quan Dong Nguyen
- a Ocular Imaging Research and Reading Center (OIRRC) , Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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233
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Xenopoulos A. A new, integrated, continuous purification process template for monoclonal antibodies: Process modeling and cost of goods studies. J Biotechnol 2015; 213:42-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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234
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Mündges J, Zierow J, Langer U, Zeiner T. Possibilities to intensify and integrate aqueous two-phase extraction for IgG purification. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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235
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Large-scale monoclonal antibody purification by continuous chromatography, from process design to scale-up. J Biotechnol 2015; 213:65-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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236
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Analysis of time-course gene expression profiles to study regulation of cell growth in fed-batch bioreactors. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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237
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Hernández-Velázquez A, López-Quesada A, Ceballo-Cámara Y, Cabrera-Herrera G, Tiel-González K, Mirabal-Ortega L, Pérez-Martínez M, Pérez-Castillo R, Rosabal-Ayán Y, Ramos-González O, Enríquez-Obregón G, Depicker A, Pujol-Ferrer M. Tobacco seeds as efficient production platform for a biologically active anti-HBsAg monoclonal antibody. Transgenic Res 2015; 24:897-909. [PMID: 26109093 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-015-9890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of plants as heterologous hosts is one of the most promising technologies for manufacturing valuable recombinant proteins. Plant seeds, in particular, constitute ideal production platforms for long-term applications requiring a steady supply of starting material, as they combine the general advantages of plants as bioreactors with the possibility of biomass storage for long periods in a relatively small volume, thus allowing manufacturers to decouple upstream and downstream processing. In the present work we have used transgenic tobacco seeds to produce large amounts of a functionally active mouse monoclonal antibody against the Hepatitis B Virus surface antigen, fused to a KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retrieval motif, under control of regulatory sequences from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed storage proteins. The antibody accumulated to levels of 6.5 mg/g of seed in the T3 generation, and was purified by Protein A affinity chromatography combined with SEC-HPLC. N-glycan analysis indicated that, despite the KDEL signal, the seed-derived plantibody bore both high-mannose and complex-type sugars that indicate partial passage through the Golgi compartment, although its performance in the immunoaffinity purification of HBsAg was unaffected. An analysis discussing the industrial feasibility of replacing the currently used tobacco leaf-derived plantibody with this seed-derived variant is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Hernández-Velázquez
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Alina López-Quesada
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yanaysi Ceballo-Cámara
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gleysin Cabrera-Herrera
- Department of Carbohydrate Chemistry, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Kenia Tiel-González
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Liliana Mirabal-Ortega
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Marlene Pérez-Martínez
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Rosabel Pérez-Castillo
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yamilka Rosabal-Ayán
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Osmani Ramos-González
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gil Enríquez-Obregón
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Ann Depicker
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Plant-made Antibodies and Immunogens, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Merardo Pujol-Ferrer
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
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238
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Lee YF, Schmidt M, Graalfs H, Hafner M, Frech C. Modeling of dual gradient elution in ion exchange and mixed-mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1417:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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239
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240
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Singh N, Arunkumar A, Chollangi S, Tan ZG, Borys M, Li ZJ. Clarification technologies for monoclonal antibody manufacturing processes: Current state and future perspectives. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:698-716. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nripen Singh
- Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing and Supply, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 35 South Street Hopkinton Massachusetts 01748
| | - Abhiram Arunkumar
- Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing and Supply, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 35 South Street Hopkinton Massachusetts 01748
| | - Srinivas Chollangi
- Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing and Supply, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 35 South Street Hopkinton Massachusetts 01748
| | - Zhijun George Tan
- Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing and Supply, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 35 South Street Hopkinton Massachusetts 01748
| | - Michael Borys
- Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing and Supply, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 35 South Street Hopkinton Massachusetts 01748
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing and Supply, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 35 South Street Hopkinton Massachusetts 01748
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241
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Siva S, Zhang A, Koepf E, Conley L, Cecchini D, Huang YM, Kshirsagar R, Ryll T. Leveraging high-throughput technology to accelerate the time to clinic: A case study of a mAb. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201500028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sethu Siva
- Process Biochemistry; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | - An Zhang
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | - Edward Koepf
- Process Biochemistry; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | - Lynn Conley
- Process Biochemistry; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | | | - Yao-Ming Huang
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | | | - Thomas Ryll
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen; Cambridge MA USA
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242
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Wu J, Schultz JS, Weldon CL, Sule SV, Chai Q, Geng SB, Dickinson CD, Tessier PM. Discovery of highly soluble antibodies prior to purification using affinity-capture self-interaction nanoparticle spectroscopy. Protein Eng Des Sel 2015; 28:403-14. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzv045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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243
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Vazquez-Lombardi R, Phan TG, Zimmermann C, Lowe D, Jermutus L, Christ D. Challenges and opportunities for non-antibody scaffold drugs. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1271-83. [PMID: 26360055 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first candidates from the promising class of small non-antibody protein scaffolds are now moving into clinical development and practice. Challenges remain, and scaffolds will need to be further tailored toward applications where they provide real advantages over established therapeutics to succeed in a rapidly evolving drug development landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Vazquez-Lombardi
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Carsten Zimmermann
- University of San Diego, School of Business Administration, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, CA 92110, USA
| | - David Lowe
- MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Lutz Jermutus
- MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK; Trinity Hall, University of Cambridge, Trinity Lane CB2 1TJ, UK.
| | - Daniel Christ
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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244
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Severson K, VanAntwerp JG, Natarajan V, Antoniou C, Thömmes J, Braatz RD. Elastic net with Monte Carlo sampling for data-based modeling in biopharmaceutical manufacturing facilities. Comput Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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245
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Rathore AS, Kumar Singh S, Pathak M, Read EK, Brorson KA, Agarabi CD, Khan M. Fermentanomics: Relating quality attributes of a monoclonal antibody to cell culture process variables and raw materials using multivariate data analysis. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1586-99. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag S. Rathore
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Indian Inst. of Technology; Hauz Khas New Delhi India
| | - Sumit Kumar Singh
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Indian Inst. of Technology; Hauz Khas New Delhi India
| | - Mili Pathak
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Indian Inst. of Technology; Hauz Khas New Delhi India
| | - Erik K. Read
- Div. of Monoclonal Antibodies; Office of Biotechnology Products, Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring MD 20903
| | - Kurt A. Brorson
- Div. of Monoclonal Antibodies; Office of Biotechnology Products, Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring MD 20903
| | - Cyrus D. Agarabi
- Div. of Product Quality Research; Office of Testing and Research, Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring MD 20903
| | - Mansoor Khan
- Div. of Product Quality Research; Office of Testing and Research, Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring MD 20903
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246
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Handlogten MW, Stefanick JF, Deak PE, Bilgicer B. Affinity-based precipitation via a bivalent peptidic hapten for the purification of monoclonal antibodies. Analyst 2015; 139:4247-55. [PMID: 25006715 DOI: 10.1039/c4an00780h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we demonstrated a non-chromatographic affinity-based precipitation method, using trivalent haptens, for the purification of mAbs. In this study, we significantly improved this process by using a simplified bivalent peptidic hapten (BPH) design, which enables facile and rapid purification of mAbs while overcoming the limitations of the previous trivalent design. The improved affinity-based precipitation method (ABP(BPH)) combines the simplicity of salt-induced precipitation with the selectivity of affinity chromatography for the purification of mAbs. The ABP(BPH) method involves 3 steps: (i) precipitation and separation of protein contaminants larger than immunoglobulins with ammonium sulfate; (ii) selective precipitation of the target-antibody via BPH by inducing antibody-complex formation; (iii) solubilization of the antibody pellet and removal of BPH with membrane filtration resulting in the pure antibody. The ABP(BPH) method was evaluated by purifying the pharmaceutical antibody trastuzumab from common contaminants including CHO cell conditioned media, DNA, ascites fluid, other antibodies, and denatured antibody with >85% yield and >97% purity. Importantly, the purified antibody demonstrated native binding activity to cell lines expressing the target protein, HER2. Combined, the ABP(BPH) method is a rapid and scalable process for the purification of antibodies with the potential to improve product quality while decreasing purification costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Handlogten
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 165 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5637, USA.
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247
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Bhaskar U, Hickey AM, Li G, Mundra RV, Zhang F, Fu L, Cai C, Ou Z, Dordick JS, Linhardt RJ. A purification process for heparin and precursor polysaccharides using the pH responsive behavior of chitosan. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1348-59. [PMID: 26147064 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The contamination crisis of 2008 has brought to light several risks associated with use of animal tissue derived heparin. Because the total chemical synthesis of heparin is not feasible, a bioengineered approach has been proposed, relying on recombinant enzymes derived from the heparin/HS biosynthetic pathway and Escherichia coli K5 capsular polysaccharide. Intensive process engineering efforts are required to achieve a cost-competitive process for bioengineered heparin compared to commercially available porcine heparins. Towards this goal, we have used 96-well plate based screening for development of a chitosan-based purification process for heparin and precursor polysaccharides. The unique pH responsive behavior of chitosan enables simplified capture of target heparin or related polysaccharides, under low pH and complex solution conditions, followed by elution under mildly basic conditions. The use of mild, basic recovery conditions are compatible with the chemical N-deacetylation/N-sulfonation step used in the bioengineered heparin process. Selective precipitation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) leads to significant removal of process related impurities such as proteins, DNA and endotoxins. Use of highly sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analytical techniques reveal a minimum impact of chitosan-based purification on heparin product composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal Bhaskar
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Anne M Hickey
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Guoyun Li
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Ruchir V Mundra
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Li Fu
- Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Chao Cai
- Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Zhimin Ou
- Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.,Dept. of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.,Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.,Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.,Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.,Dept. of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.,Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
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248
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Improving impurities clearance by amino acids addition to buffer solutions for chromatographic purifications of monoclonal antibodies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 995-996:107-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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249
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Gencoglu MF, Heldt CL. Enveloped virus flocculation and removal in osmolyte solutions. J Biotechnol 2015; 206:8-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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250
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Hou Y, Brower M, Pollard D, Kanani D, Jacquemart R, Kachuik B, Stout J. Advective hydrogel membrane chromatography for monoclonal antibody purification in bioprocessing. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:974-82. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- BioProcess Technology and Expression; BioProcess Development, Merck Research Labs, Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Mark Brower
- BioProcess Technology and Expression; BioProcess Development, Merck Research Labs, Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - David Pollard
- BioProcess Technology and Expression; BioProcess Development, Merck Research Labs, Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Dharmesh Kanani
- Process Sciences and Operations; Natrix Separations; Burlington ON L7L6A8 Canada
| | - Renaud Jacquemart
- Process Sciences and Operations; Natrix Separations; Burlington ON L7L6A8 Canada
| | - Bradley Kachuik
- Process Sciences and Operations; Natrix Separations; Burlington ON L7L6A8 Canada
| | - James Stout
- Process Sciences and Operations; Natrix Separations; Burlington ON L7L6A8 Canada
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