201
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Feng K, Yu ML, Wang SM, Wang GX, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Photoinduced Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer in a 2-Ureido-4(1H)-Pyrimidinone-Bridged, Quadruply Hydrogen-Bonded Ferrocene-Fullerene Assembly. Chemphyschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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202
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Cembran A, Provorse MR, Wang C, Wu W, Gao J. The Third Dimension of a More O'Ferrall-Jencks Diagram for Hydrogen Atom Transfer in the Isoelectronic Hydrogen Exchange Reactions of (PhX)(2)H(•) with X = O, NH, and CH(2). J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:4347-4358. [PMID: 23226989 PMCID: PMC3516191 DOI: 10.1021/ct3004595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A critical element in theoretical characterization of the mechanism of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions, including hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), is the formulation of the electron and proton localized diabatic states, based on which a More O'Ferrall-Jencks diagram can be represented to determine the step-wise and concerted nature of the reaction. Although the More O'Ferrall-Jencks diabatic states have often been used empirically to develop theoretical models for PCET reactions, the potential energy surfaces for these states have never been determined directly based on first principles calculations using electronic structure theory. The difficulty is due to a lack of practical method to constrain electron and proton localized diabatic states in wave function or density functional theory calculations. Employing a multistate density functional theory (MSDFT), in which the electron and proton localized diabatic configurations are constructed through block-localization of Kohn-Sham orbitals, we show that distinction between concerted proton-electron transfer (CPET) and HAT, which are not distinguishable experimentally from phenomenological kinetic data, can be made by examining the third dimension of a More O'Ferrall-Jencks diagram that includes both the ground and excited state potential surfaces. In addition, we formulate a pair of effective two-state valence bond models to represent the CPET and HAT mechanisms. We found that the lower energy of the CPET and HAT effective diabatic states at the intersection point can be used as an energetic criterion to distinguish the two mechanisms. In the isoelectronic series of hydrogen exchange reaction in (PhX)(2)H(•), where X = O, NH, and CH(2), there is a continuous transition from a CPET mechanism for the phenoxy radical-phenol pair to a HAT process for benzyl radical and toluene, while the reaction between PhNH(2) and PhNH(•) has a mechanism intermediate of CPET and HAT. The electronically nonadiabatic nature of the CPET mechanism in the phenol system can be attributed to the overlap interactions between the ground and excited state surfaces, resulting in roughly orthogonal minimum energy paths on the adiabatic ground and excited state potential energy surfaces. On the other hand, the minimum energy path on the adiabatic ground state for the HAT mechanism coincides with that on the excited state, producing a large electronic coupling that separates the two surfaces by more than 120 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cembran
- Department of Chemistry, Digital Technology Center and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Makenzie R. Provorse
- Department of Chemistry, Digital Technology Center and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Changwei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Digital Technology Center and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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203
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Berardi S, La Ganga G, Puntoriero F, Sartorel A, Campagna S, Bonchio M. Photo-induced water oxidation: New photocatalytic processes and materials. PHOTOCHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849734882-00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
New progress towards artificial photosynthetic methods and solar fuels will depend on the discovery of highly robust multi-electron catalysts and materials enabling light-activated water splitting with high quantum efficiency and low overpotential, thus mimicking the natural process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Berardi
- ITM-CNR and Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Giuseppina La Ganga
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica Università di Messina and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell’Energia Solare (Sezione di Messina) Via Sperone 31, 98166 Messina Italy
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica Università di Messina and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell’Energia Solare (Sezione di Messina) Via Sperone 31, 98166 Messina Italy
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- ITM-CNR and Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica Università di Messina and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell’Energia Solare (Sezione di Messina) Via Sperone 31, 98166 Messina Italy
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- ITM-CNR and Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova Italy
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204
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Göransson E, Boixel J, Fortage J, Jacquemin D, Becker HC, Blart E, Hammarström L, Odobel F. Long-range electron transfer in zinc-phthalocyanine-oligo(phenylene-ethynylene)-based donor-bridge-acceptor dyads. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:11500-12. [PMID: 23050927 DOI: 10.1021/ic3013552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the context of long-range electron transfer for solar energy conversion, we present the synthesis, photophysical, and computational characterization of two new zinc(II) phthalocyanine oligophenylene-ethynylene based donor-bride-acceptor dyads: ZnPc-OPE-AuP(+) and ZnPc-OPE-C(60). A gold(III) porphyrin and a fullerene has been used as electron accepting moieties, and the results have been compared to a previously reported dyad with a tin(IV) dichloride porphyrin as the electron acceptor (Fortage et al. Chem. Commun. 2007, 4629). The results for ZnPc-OPE-AuP(+) indicate a remarkably strong electronic coupling over a distance of more than 3 nm. The electronic coupling is manifested in both the absorption spectrum and an ultrafast rate for photoinduced electron transfer (k(PET) = 1.0 × 10(12) s(-1)). The charge-shifted state in ZnPc-OPE-AuP(+) recombines with a relatively low rate (k(BET) = 1.0 × 10(9) s(-1)). In contrast, the rate for charge transfer in the other dyad, ZnPc-OPE-C(60), is relatively slow (k(PET) = 1.1 × 10(9) s(-1)), while the recombination is very fast (k(BET) ≈ 5 × 10(10) s(-1)). TD-DFT calculations support the hypothesis that the long-lived charge-shifted state of ZnPc-OPE-AuP(+) is due to relaxation of the reduced gold porphyrin from a porphyrin ring based reduction to a gold centered reduction. This is in contrast to the faster recombination in the tin(IV) porphyrin based system (k(BET) = 1.2 × 10(10) s(-1)), where the excess electron is instead delocalized over the porphyrin ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Göransson
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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205
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Garo F, Häner R. Influence of a GC Base Pair on Excitation Energy Transfer in DNA-Assembled Phenanthrene π-Stacks. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2105-13. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300302v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Garo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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206
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207
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Voloshchuk R, Gryko DT, Chotkowski M, Ciuciu AI, Flamigni L. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in an Amine-Corrole-Perylene Bisimide Assembly: Charge Separation over Terminal Components Favoured by Solvent Polarity. Chemistry 2012; 18:14845-59. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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208
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Irebo T, Zhang MT, Markle TF, Scott AM, Hammarström L. Spanning four mechanistic regions of intramolecular proton-coupled electron transfer in a Ru(bpy)3(2+)-tyrosine complex. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:16247-54. [PMID: 22909089 DOI: 10.1021/ja3053859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from tyrosine (TyrOH) to a covalently linked [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) photosensitizer in aqueous media has been systematically reinvestigated by laser flash-quench kinetics as a model system for PCET in radical enzymes and in photochemical energy conversion. Previous kinetic studies on Ru-TyrOH molecules (Sjödin et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 3932; Irebo et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 15462) have established two mechanisms. Concerted electron-proton (CEP) transfer has been observed when pH < pK(a)(TyrOH), which is pH-dependent but not first-order in [OH(-)] and not dependent on the buffer concentration when it is sufficiently low (less than ca. 5 mM). In addition, the pH-independent rate constant for electron transfer from tyrosine phenolate (TyrO(-)) was reported at pH >10. Here we compare the PCET rates and kinetic isotope effects (k(H)/k(D)) of four Ru-TyrOH molecules with varying Ru(III/II) oxidant strengths over a pH range of 1-12.5. On the basis of these data, two additional mechanistic regimes were observed and identified through analysis of kinetic competition and kinetic isotope effects (KIE): (i) a mechanism dominating at low pH assigned to a stepwise electron-first PCET and (ii) a stepwise proton-first PCET with OH(-) as proton acceptor that dominates around pH = 10. The effect of solution pH and electrochemical potential of the Ru(III/II) oxidant on the competition between the different mechanisms is discussed. The systems investigated may serve as models for the mechanistic diversity of PCET reactions in general with water (H(2)O, OH(-)) as primary proton acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Irebo
- Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 532, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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209
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Bovi D, Guidoni L. Magnetic coupling constants and vibrational frequencies by extended broken symmetry approach with hybrid functionals. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:114107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4752398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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210
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Castillo CE, Romain S, Retegan M, Leprêtre JC, Chauvin J, Duboc C, Fortage J, Deronzier A, Collomb MN. Visible-Light-Driven Generation of High-Valent Oxo-Bridged Dinuclear and Tetranuclear Manganese Terpyridine Entities Linked to Photoactive Ruthenium Units of Relevance to Photosystem II. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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211
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Alternating electron and proton transfer steps in photosynthetic water oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:16035-40. [PMID: 22988080 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1206266109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Water oxidation by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants is pivotal in oxygenic photosynthesis, the process that powers life on Earth, and is the paradigm for engineering solar fuel-production systems. Each complete reaction cycle of photosynthetic water oxidation requires the removal of four electrons and four protons from the catalytic site, a manganese-calcium complex and its protein environment in photosystem II. In time-resolved photothermal beam deflection experiments, we monitored apparent volume changes of the photosystem II protein associated with charge creation by light-induced electron transfer (contraction) and charge-compensating proton relocation (expansion). Two previously invisible proton removal steps were detected, thereby filling two gaps in the basic reaction-cycle model of photosynthetic water oxidation. In the S(2) → S(3) transition of the classical S-state cycle, an intermediate is formed by deprotonation clearly before electron transfer to the oxidant (Y Z OX). The rate-determining elementary step (τ, approximately 30 µs at 20 °C) in the long-distance proton relocation toward the protein-water interface is characterized by a high activation energy (E(a) = 0.46 ± 0.05 eV) and strong H/D kinetic isotope effect (approximately 6). The characteristics of a proton transfer step during the S(0) → S(1) transition are similar (τ, approximately 100 µs; E(a) = 0.34 ± 0.08 eV; kinetic isotope effect, approximately 3); however, the proton removal from the Mn complex proceeds after electron transfer to . By discovery of the transient formation of two further intermediate states in the reaction cycle of photosynthetic water oxidation, a temporal sequence of strictly alternating removal of electrons and protons from the catalytic site is established.
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212
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Brown KE, Veldkamp BS, Co DT, Wasielewski MR. Vibrational Dynamics of a Perylene-Perylenediimide Donor-Acceptor Dyad Probed with Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:2362-2366. [PMID: 26292115 DOI: 10.1021/jz301107c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The ultrafast vibrational dynamics of the photoinduced charge-transfer reaction between perylene (Per) and perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) were investigated using femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS). Specifically probing the structural dynamics of PDI following its selective photoexcitation in a covalently linked dyad reveals vibrational modes uniquely characteristic to the PDI lowest excited singlet state and radical anion between 1000 and 1700 cm(-1). A comparison of these vibrations to those of the ground state reveals the appearance of new (1*)PDI and PDI(-•) stretching modes in the dyad at 1593 and 1588 cm(-1), respectively. DFT calculations reveal that these vibrations are parallel to the long axis of PDI and thus then may be integral to the charge separation reaction. The ability to differentiate excited state from radical anion vibrational modes allows the evaluation of the influence of specific modes on the charge transfer dynamics in donor-bridge-acceptor systems based on PDI molecular constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Brad S Veldkamp
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Dick T Co
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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213
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Liu Q, Guo C. Theoretical studies and industrial applications of oxidative activation of inert C-H bond by metalloporphyrin-based biomimetic catalysis. Sci China Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-012-4739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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214
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Schulz M, Karnahl M, Schwalbe M, Vos JG. The role of the bridging ligand in photocatalytic supramolecular assemblies for the reduction of protons and carbon dioxide. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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215
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Hankache J, Niemi M, Lemmetyinen H, Wenger OS. Hydrogen-Bonding Effects on the Formation and Lifetimes of Charge-Separated States in Molecular Triads. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:8159-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302790j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Hankache
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marja Niemi
- Department of Chemistry and
Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Helge Lemmetyinen
- Department of Chemistry and
Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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216
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Padhi SK, Fukuda R, Ehara M, Tanaka K. Comparative study of C^N and N^C type cyclometalated ruthenium complexes with a NAD+/NADH function. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:8091-102. [PMID: 22827695 DOI: 10.1021/ic300449q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated ruthenium complexes having C(^)N and N(^)C type coordinating ligands with NAD(+)/NADH function have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods. The variation of the coordinating position of σ-donating carbon atom leads to a drastic change in their properties. Both the complex Ru(phbn)(phen)(2)]PF(6) ([1]PF(6)) and [Ru(pad)(phen)(2)]PF(6) ([2]PF(6)) reduced to Ru(phbnHH)(phen)(2)]PF(6) ([1HH]PF(6)) and [Ru(padHH)(phen)(2)]PF(6) ([2HH]PF(6)) by chemical and electrochemical methods. Complex [1]PF(6) photochemically reduced to [1HH]PF(6) in the presence of the sacrificial agent triethylamine (TEA) upon irradiation of visible light (λ ≥ 420 nm), whereas photochemical reduction of [2]PF(6) was not successful. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that upon protonation the energy level of the π* orbital of either of the ligands phbn or pad is drastically stabilized compared to the nonprotonated forms. In the protonated complex [Ru(padH)(phen)(2)](PF(6))(2) {[2H](PF(6))(2)}, the Ru-C bond exists in a tautomeric equilibrium with Ru═C coordination and behaves as a remote N-heterocyclic carbene (rNHC) compex; on the contrary, this behavior could not be observed in protonated complex [Ru(phbnH)(phen)(2)](PF(6))(2) {[1H](PF(6))(2)}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Padhi
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1, Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
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217
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Kuss-Petermann M, Wolf H, Stalke D, Wenger OS. Influence of Donor–Acceptor Distance Variation on Photoinduced Electron and Proton Transfer in Rhenium(I)–Phenol Dyads. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:12844-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3053046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kuss-Petermann
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hilke Wolf
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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218
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Zhu H, Song N, Lv H, Hill CL, Lian T. Near Unity Quantum Yield of Light-Driven Redox Mediator Reduction and Efficient H2 Generation Using Colloidal Nanorod Heterostructures. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11701-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303698e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Nianhui Song
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hongjin Lv
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Craig L. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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219
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Auer B, Soudackov AV, Hammes-Schiffer S. Nonadiabatic dynamics of photoinduced proton-coupled electron transfer: comparison of explicit and implicit solvent simulations. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7695-708. [PMID: 22651684 DOI: 10.1021/jp3031682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical approaches for simulating the ultrafast dynamics of photoinduced proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions in solution are developed and applied to a series of model systems. These processes are simulated by propagating nonadiabatic surface hopping trajectories on electron-proton vibronic surfaces that depend on the solute and solvent nuclear coordinates. The PCET system is represented by a four-state empirical valence bond model, and the solvent is treated either as explicit solvent molecules or as a dielectric continuum, in which case the solvent dynamics is described in terms of two collective solvent coordinates corresponding to the energy gaps associated with electron and proton transfer. The explicit solvent simulations reveal two distinct solvent relaxation time scales, where the faster time scale relaxation corresponds to librational motions of solvent molecules in the first solvation shell, and the slower time scale relaxation corresponds to the bulk solvent dielectric response. The charge transfer dynamics is strongly coupled to both the fast and slow time scale solvent dynamics. The dynamical multistate continuum theory is extended to include the effects of two solvent relaxation time scales, and the resulting coupled generalized Langevin equations depend on parameters that can be extracted from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The implicit and explicit solvent approaches lead to qualitatively similar charge transfer and solvent dynamics for model PCET systems, suggesting that the implicit solvent treatment captures the essential elements of the nonequilibrium solvent dynamics for many systems. A combination of implicit and explicit solvent approaches will enable the investigation of photoinduced PCET processes in a variety of condensed phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Auer
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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220
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Karnahl M, Orthaber A, Tschierlei S, Nagarajan L, Ott S. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of tetranuclear iron complexes containing a bridge. J COORD CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2012.701008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karnahl
- a Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523, 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- a Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523, 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- a Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523, 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Loganathan Nagarajan
- b Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry , Lund University , Box 124, 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Sascha Ott
- a Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523, 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
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221
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Weinberg DR, Gagliardi CJ, Hull JF, Murphy CF, Kent CA, Westlake BC, Paul A, Ess DH, McCafferty DG, Meyer TJ. Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. Chem Rev 2012; 112:4016-93. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1125] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David R. Weinberg
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
- Department of Physical and Environmental
Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, 1100 North Avenue, Grand Junction,
Colorado 81501-3122, United States
| | - Christopher J. Gagliardi
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Jonathan F. Hull
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Christine Fecenko Murphy
- Department
of Chemistry, B219
Levine Science Research Center, Box 90354, Duke University, Durham,
North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Caleb A. Kent
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Brittany C. Westlake
- The American Chemical Society,
1155 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20036,
United States
| | - Amit Paul
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Dewey Granville McCafferty
- Department
of Chemistry, B219
Levine Science Research Center, Box 90354, Duke University, Durham,
North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
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222
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Zhang YHP, Huang WD. Constructing the electricity–carbohydrate–hydrogen cycle for a sustainability revolution. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:301-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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223
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Liu X, Wang F. Transition metal complexes that catalyze oxygen formation from water: 1979–2010. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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224
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Maenaka Y, Suenobu T, Fukuzumi S. Hydrogen evolution from aliphatic alcohols and 1,4-selective hydrogenation of NAD+ catalyzed by a [C,N] and a [C,C] cyclometalated organoiridium complex at room temperature in water. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9417-27. [PMID: 22577897 DOI: 10.1021/ja302788c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A [C,N] cyclometalated Ir complex, [Ir(III)(Cp*)(4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN(2))benzoic acid-κC(3))(H(2)O)](2)SO(4) [1](2)·SO(4), was reduced by aliphatic alcohols to produce the corresponding hydride complex [Ir(III)(Cp*)(4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN(2))-benzoate-κC(3))H](-)4 at room temperature in a basic aqueous solution (pH 13.6). Formation of the hydride complex 4 was confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR, ESI MS, and UV-vis spectra. The [C,N] cyclometalated Ir-hydride complex 4 reacts with proton to generate a stoichiometric amount of hydrogen when the pH was decreased to pH 0.8 by the addition of diluted sulfuric acid. Photoirradiation (λ > 330 nm) of an aqueous solution of the [C,N] cyclometalated Ir-hydride complex 4 resulted in the quantitative conversion to a unique [C,C] cyclometalated Ir-hydride complex 5 with no byproduct. The complex 5 catalyzed hydrogen evolution from ethanol in a basic aqueous solution (pH 11.9) under ambient conditions. The 1,4-selective catalytic hydrogenation of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) by ethanol was also made possible by the complex 1 to produce 1,4-dihydro-β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (1,4-NADH) at room temperature. The overall catalytic mechanism of hydrogenation of NAD(+), accompanied by the oxidation of ethanol, was revealed on the basis of the kinetic analysis and detection of the reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Maenaka
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Japan
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225
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Baron A, Herrero C, Quaranta A, Charlot MF, Leibl W, Vauzeilles B, Aukauloo A. Click Chemistry on a Ruthenium Polypyridine Complex. An Efficient and Versatile Synthetic Route for the Synthesis of Photoactive Modular Assemblies. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:5985-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic300227j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Baron
- CEA, iBiTecS, UMR 8221, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie
Structurale et Mécanismes, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christian Herrero
- CEA, iBiTecS, UMR 8221, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie
Structurale et Mécanismes, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
et des Matériaux d’Orsay, UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud and CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- CEA, iBiTecS, UMR 8221, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie
Structurale et Mécanismes, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-France Charlot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
et des Matériaux d’Orsay, UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud and CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- CEA, iBiTecS, UMR 8221, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie
Structurale et Mécanismes, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Boris Vauzeilles
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
et des Matériaux d’Orsay, UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud and CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- CEA, iBiTecS, UMR 8221, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie
Structurale et Mécanismes, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
et des Matériaux d’Orsay, UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud and CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France
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226
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Wang N, Lu JS, McCormick TM, Wang S. Ru-Pt and Ru-Pd heterobimetallic complexes based on a new ligand with two distinct chelate sites. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:5553-61. [PMID: 22415595 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt00015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new ligand p-[N-2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazolyl]-[N-2-(2'-pyridyl)indolyl]-benzene (L1) has been synthesized and fully characterized. L1 has two distinct chelating sites: one N,N-chelate site and one N,C-chelate site. This ligand has been found to be very effective in selective binding to two different metal ions. Two new heterobimetallic complexes Ru-Pt and Ru-Pd using L1 as the bridging ligand have been successfully synthesized and fully characterized. To understand the mutual influence of the two metal centers on electronic and photophysical properties, the corresponding monometallic Ru(II), Pt(II) and Pd(II) compounds have also been synthesized and investigated. All Ru(II)-containing complexes have been found to be luminescent. Electronic communication between the two different metal centers in the heterobimetallic compounds was found to be weak. The Pt(II) moiety appears to enhance the phosphorescent efficiency of the Ru(II) unit while the Pd(II) analogue has little influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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227
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Fast structural changes (200-900ns) may prepare the photosynthetic manganese complex for oxidation by the adjacent tyrosine radical. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2012; 1817:1196-207. [PMID: 22579714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Mn complex of photosystem II (PSII) cycles through 4 semi-stable states (S(0) to S(3)). Laser-flash excitation of PSII in the S(2) or S(3) state induces processes with time constants around 350ns, which have been assigned previously to energetic relaxation of the oxidized tyrosine (Y(Z)(ox)). Herein we report monitoring of these processes in the time domain of hundreds of nanoseconds by photoacoustic (or 'optoacoustic') experiments involving pressure-wave detection after excitation of PSII membrane particles by ns-laser flashes. We find that specifically for excitation of PSII in the S(2) state, nuclear rearrangements are induced which amount to a contraction of PSII by at least 30Å(3) (time constant of 350ns at 25°C; activation energy of 285+/-50meV). In the S(3) state, the 350-ns-contraction is about 5 times smaller whereas in S(0) and S(1), no volume changes are detectable in this time domain. It is proposed that the classical S(2)=>S(3) transition of the Mn complex is a multi-step process. The first step after Y(Z)(ox) formation involves a fast nuclear rearrangement of the Mn complex and its protein-water environment (~350ns), which may serve a dual role: (1) The Mn- complex entity is prepared for the subsequent proton removal and electron transfer by formation of an intermediate state of specific (but still unknown) atomic structure. (2) Formation of the structural intermediate is associated (necessarily) with energetic relaxation and thus stabilization of Y(Z)(ox) so that energy losses by charge recombination with the Q(A)(-) anion radical are minimized. The intermediate formed within about 350ns after Y(Z)(ox) formation in the S(2)-state is discussed in the context of two recent models of the S(2)=>S(3) transition of the water oxidation cycle. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability: From Natural to Artificial.
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228
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Yacoby I, Tegler LT, Pochekailov S, Zhang S, King PW. Optimized expression and purification for high-activity preparations of algal [FeFe]-hydrogenase. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35886. [PMID: 22563413 PMCID: PMC3338550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant expression and purification of metallo-enzymes, including hydrogenases, at high-yields is challenging due to complex, and enzyme specific, post-translational maturation processes. Low fidelities of maturation result in preparations containing a significant fraction of inactive, apo-protein that are not suitable for biophysical or crystallographic studies. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We describe the construction, overexpression and high-yield purification of a fusion protein consisting of the algal [2Fe2S]-ferredoxin PetF (Fd) and [FeFe]-hydrogenase HydA1. The maturation of Fd-HydA1 was optimized through improvements in culture conditions and media components used for expression. We also demonstrated that fusion of Fd to the N-terminus of HydA1, in comparison to the C-terminus, led to increased expression levels that were 4-fold higher. Together, these improvements led to enhanced HydA1 activity and improved yield after purification. The strong binding-affinity of Fd for DEAE allowed for two-step purification by ion exchange and StrepTactin affinity chromatography. In addition, the incorporation of a TEV protease site in the Fd-HydA1 linker allowed for the proteolytic removal of Fd after DEAE step, and purification of HydA1 alone by StrepTactin. In combination, this process resulted in HydA1 purification yields of 5 mg L(-1) of culture from E. coli with specific activities of 1000 U (U = 1 µmol hydrogen evolved mg(-1) min(-1)). SIGNIFICANCE The [FeFe]-hydrogenases are highly efficient enzymes and their catalytic sites provide model structures for synthetic efforts to develop robust hydrogen activation catalysts. In order to characterize their structure-function properties in greater detail, and to use hydrogenases for biotechnological applications, reliable methods for rapid, high-yield expression and purification are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftach Yacoby
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (IY); (SZ); (PWK)
| | - Lotta Tollstoy Tegler
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sergii Pochekailov
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (IY); (SZ); (PWK)
| | - Paul W. King
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail: (IY); (SZ); (PWK)
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229
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Wang C, Xie Z, deKrafft KE, Lin W. Light-harvesting cross-linked polymers for efficient heterogeneous photocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2288-2294. [PMID: 22409381 DOI: 10.1021/am3003445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nonporous, phosphorescent cross-linked polymers (Ru-CP and Ir-CP) were synthesized via Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions between tetra(p-ethynylphenyl)methane and dibrominated Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) or Ir(ppy)(2)(bpy)(+), respectively. The resultant particulate cross-linked polymer (CP) materials have very high catalyst loadings (76.3 wt % for Ru-CP and 71.6 wt % for Ir-CP), and are nonporous with negligibly small surface areas (2.9 m(2)/g for Ru-CP and 2.7 m(2)/g for Ir-CP). Despite their nonporous nature, the insoluble CP materials serve as highly active and recyclable heterogeneous photocatalysts for a range of organic transformations such as aza-Henry reaction, aerobic amine coupling, and dehalogenation of benzyl bromoacetate. An efficient light-harvesting mechanism, which involves collection of photons by exciting the (3)MLCT states of the phosphors and migration of the excited states to the particle surface, is proposed to account for the very high catalytic activities of these nonporous CPs. Steady-state and time-resolved emission data, as well as the reduced catalytic activity of Os(bpy)(3)(2+)-doped Ru-CPs supports efficient excited state migration for the CP frameworks. This work uncovers a new strategy in designing highly efficient photocatalysts based on light-harvesting cross-linked polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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230
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Leidel N, Chernev P, Havelius KGV, Ezzaher S, Ott S, Haumann M. Site-Selective X-ray Spectroscopy on an Asymmetric Model Complex of the [FeFe] Hydrogenase Active Site. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:4546-59. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2024154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Leidel
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195
Berlin, Germany
| | - Petko Chernev
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195
Berlin, Germany
| | - Kajsa G. V. Havelius
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195
Berlin, Germany
| | - Salah Ezzaher
- University of Uppsala, Department of Chemistry, Ångström
Laboratories, 75120
Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sascha Ott
- University of Uppsala, Department of Chemistry, Ångström
Laboratories, 75120
Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Haumann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195
Berlin, Germany
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231
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Huang Z, Geletii YV, Musaev DG, Hill CL, Lian T. Spectroscopic Studies of Light-driven Water Oxidation Catalyzed by Polyoxometalates. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202950h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangqun Huang
- Department of Chemistry, and Cherry
L. Emerson Center
for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yurii V. Geletii
- Department of Chemistry, and Cherry
L. Emerson Center
for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Djamaladdin G. Musaev
- Department of Chemistry, and Cherry
L. Emerson Center
for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Craig L. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, and Cherry
L. Emerson Center
for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, and Cherry
L. Emerson Center
for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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232
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Brown KA, Wilker MB, Boehm M, Dukovic G, King PW. Characterization of photochemical processes for H2 production by CdS nanorod-[FeFe] hydrogenase complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5627-36. [PMID: 22352762 DOI: 10.1021/ja2116348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We have developed complexes of CdS nanorods capped with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and Clostridium acetobutylicum [FeFe]-hydrogenase I (CaI) that photocatalyze reduction of H(+) to H(2) at a CaI turnover frequency of 380-900 s(-1) and photon conversion efficiencies of up to 20% under illumination at 405 nm. In this paper, we focus on the compositional and mechanistic aspects of CdS:CaI complexes that control the photochemical conversion of solar energy into H(2). Self-assembly of CdS with CaI was driven by electrostatics, demonstrated as the inhibition of ferredoxin-mediated H(2) evolution by CaI. Production of H(2) by CdS:CaI was observed only under illumination and only in the presence of a sacrificial donor. We explored the effects of the CdS:CaI molar ratio, sacrificial donor concentration, and light intensity on photocatalytic H(2) production, which were interpreted on the basis of contributions to electron transfer, hole transfer, or rate of photon absorption, respectively. Each parameter was found to have pronounced effects on the CdS:CaI photocatalytic activity. Specifically, we found that under 405 nm light at an intensity equivalent to total AM 1.5 solar flux, H(2) production was limited by the rate of photon absorption (~1 ms(-1)) and not by the turnover of CaI. Complexes were capable of H(2) production for up to 4 h with a total turnover number of 10(6) before photocatalytic activity was lost. This loss correlated with inactivation of CaI, resulting from the photo-oxidation of the CdS capping ligand MPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Brown
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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233
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Gunderson VL, Smeigh AL, Kim CH, Co DT, Wasielewski MR. Electron transfer within self-assembling cyclic tetramers using chlorophyll-based donor-acceptor building blocks. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:4363-72. [PMID: 22329812 DOI: 10.1021/ja211329k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and photoinduced charge transfer properties of a series of Chl-based donor-acceptor triad building blocks that self-assemble into cyclic tetramers are reported. Chlorophyll a was converted into zinc methyl 3-ethylpyrochlorophyllide a (Chl) and then further modified at its 20-position to covalently attach a pyromellitimide (PI) acceptor bearing a pyridine ligand and one or two naphthalene-1,8:4,5-bis(dicarboximide) (NDI) secondary electron acceptors to give Chl-PI-NDI and Chl-PI-NDI(2). The pyridine ligand within each ambident triad enables intermolecular Chl metal-ligand coordination in dry toluene, which results in the formation of cyclic tetramers in solution, as determined using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering at a synchrotron source. Femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of the monomers in toluene-1% pyridine and the cyclic tetramers in toluene shows that the selective photoexcitation of Chl results in intramolecular electron transfer from (1*)Chl to PI to form Chl(+•)-PI(-•)-NDI and Chl(+•)-PI(-•)-NDI(2). This initial charge separation is followed by a rapid charge shift from PI(-•) to NDI and subsequent charge recombination of Chl(+•)-PI-NDI(-•) and Chl(+•)-PI-(NDI)NDI(-•) on a 5-30 ns time scale. Charge recombination in the Chl-PI-NDI(2) cyclic tetramer (τ(CR) = 30 ± 1 ns in toluene) is slower by a factor of 3 relative to the monomeric building blocks (τ(CR) = 10 ± 1 ns in toluene-1% pyridine). This indicates that the self-assembly of these building blocks into the cyclic tetramers alters their structures in a way that lengthens their charge separation lifetimes, which is an advantageous strategy for artificial photosynthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Gunderson
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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234
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Wang F, Wang WG, Wang HY, Si G, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Artificial Photosynthetic Systems Based on [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Mimics: the Road to High Efficiency for Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs200458b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic
Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R.
China
| | - Wen-Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic
Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R.
China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic
Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R.
China
| | - Gang Si
- Key Laboratory
of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic
Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R.
China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory
of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic
Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R.
China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory
of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic
Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R.
China
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235
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Fortage J, Peltier C, Perruchot C, Takemoto Y, Teki Y, Bedioui F, Marvaud V, Dupeyre G, Pospísil L, Adamo C, Hromadová M, Ciofini I, Lainé PP. Single-Step versus Stepwise Two-Electron Reduction of Polyarylpyridiniums: Insights from the Steric Switching of Redox Potential Compression. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2691-705. [DOI: 10.1021/ja210024y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Fortage
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR
7086 CNRS, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
- UPMC, Université Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire,
UMR 7201 CNRS, Case 42, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cyril Peltier
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech,
LECIME, UMR 7575 CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris,
France
| | - Christian Perruchot
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR
7086 CNRS, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Yohei Takemoto
- Department of Material
Science,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshio Teki
- Department of Material
Science,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Fethi Bedioui
- Université Paris Descartes, École Nationale Supérieure
de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie
Chimique et Génétique et d’Imagerie, UMR 8151
CNRS and U 1022 INSERM, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris,
France
| | - Valérie Marvaud
- UPMC, Université Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire,
UMR 7201 CNRS, Case 42, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Grégory Dupeyre
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR
7086 CNRS, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Lubomír Pospísil
- J. Heyrovsky Institute
of Physical
Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carlo Adamo
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech,
LECIME, UMR 7575 CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris,
France
| | - Magdaléna Hromadová
- J. Heyrovsky Institute
of Physical
Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ilaria Ciofini
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech,
LECIME, UMR 7575 CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris,
France
| | - Philippe P. Lainé
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR
7086 CNRS, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
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236
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Österman T, Abrahamsson M, Becker HC, Hammarström L, Persson P. Influence of Triplet State Multidimensionality on Excited State Lifetimes of Bis-tridentate RuII Complexes: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1041-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp207044a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Österman
- Chemistry Department, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Abrahamsson
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Hans-Christian Becker
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Chemical Physics, Department of Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Uppsala University, Box 532, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Chemistry Department, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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237
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Flamigni L, Ciuciu AI, Langhals H, Böck B, Gryko DT. Improving the Photoinduced Charge Separation Parameters in Corrole-Perylene Carboximide Dyads by Tuning the Redox and Spectroscopic Properties of the Components. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:582-92. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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238
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Kumar B, Beyler M, Kubiak CP, Ott S. Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation by an [FeFe] Hydrogenase Active Site Mimic at a p-Type Silicon/Molecular Electrocatalyst Junction. Chemistry 2012; 18:1295-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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239
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Magnuson A, Styring S. Molecular Chemistry for Solar Fuels: From Natural to Artificial Photosynthesis. Aust J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ch12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The world needs new, environmentally friendly, and renewable fuels to exchange for fossil fuels. The fuel must be made from cheap, abundant, and renewable resources. The research area of solar fuels aims to meet this demand. This paper discusses why we need a solar fuel, and proposes solar energy as the major renewable energy source to feed from. The scientific field concerning artificial photosynthesis is expanding rapidly and most of the different scientific visions for solar fuels are briefly reviewed. Research strategies for the development of artificial photosynthesis to produce solar fuels are overviewed, with some critical concepts discussed in closer detail.
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240
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Yamada Y, Miyahigashi T, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from carbon-neutral oxalate with 2-phenyl-4-(1-naphthyl)quinolinium ion and metal nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:10564-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Abstract
The world needs new, environmentally friendly and renewable fuels to allow an exchange from fossil fuels. The fuel must be made from cheap and 'endless' resources that are available everywhere. The new research area on solar fuels, which are made from solar energy and water, aims to meet this demand. The paper discusses why we need a solar fuel and why electricity is not enough; it proposes solar energy as the major renewable energy source to feed from. The present research strategies, involving direct, semi-direct and indirect approaches to produce solar fuels, are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stenbjörn Styring
- Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Department for Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
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242
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Cao WN, Wang F, Wang HY, Chen B, Feng K, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Photocatalytic hydrogen production from a simple water-soluble [FeFe]-hydrogenase model system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8081-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33097k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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243
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Wiechen M, Zaharieva I, Dau H, Kurz P. Layered manganese oxides for water-oxidation: alkaline earth cations influence catalytic activity in a photosystem II-like fashion. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20226c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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244
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Karlsson S, Boixel J, Pellegrin Y, Blart E, Becker HC, Odobel F, Hammarström L. Accumulative electron transfer: Multiple charge separation in artificial photosynthesis. Faraday Discuss 2012; 155:233-52; discussion 297-308. [DOI: 10.1039/c1fd00089f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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245
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Wiechen M, Berends HM, Kurz P. Wateroxidation catalysed by manganese compounds: from complexes to ‘biomimetic rocks’. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:21-31. [PMID: 22068958 DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11537e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Wiechen
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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246
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Wang WG, Wang F, Wang HY, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Electron transfer and hydrogen generation from a molecular dyad: platinum(ii) alkynyl complex anchored to [FeFe] hydrogenase subsite mimic. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:2420-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11923k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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247
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Lakadamyali F, Kato M, Reisner E. Colloidal metal oxide particles loaded with synthetic catalysts for solar H2production. Faraday Discuss 2012; 155:191-205; discussion 207-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c1fd00077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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249
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Persson P, Knitter M, Galoppini E. Light-harvesting and electronic contacting capabilities of Ru(ii) Ipa rod and star complexes–first principles predictions. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21240d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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250
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Synthesis and photophysics of a novel photocatalyst for hydrogen production based on a tetrapyridoacridine bridging ligand. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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