201
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Takemura S, Kawakami S, Harada M, Iida M. Solvation Structure of a Copper(II) Ion in Protic Ionic Liquids Comprising N-Hexylethylenediamine. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:9667-78. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501177t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Takemura
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Department of Textile and Apparel
Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Nara Women’s University, Kita-uoya-nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kawakami
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Department of Textile and Apparel
Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Nara Women’s University, Kita-uoya-nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Department of Textile and Apparel
Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Nara Women’s University, Kita-uoya-nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Masayasu Iida
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Department of Textile and Apparel
Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Nara Women’s University, Kita-uoya-nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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202
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Chen J, Chen L, Lu Y, Xu Y. Physicochemical properties of aqueous solution of 1-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid at several temperatures. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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203
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Jiang HJ, FitzGerald PA, Dolan A, Atkin R, Warr GG. Amphiphilic Self-Assembly of Alkanols in Protic Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9983-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jp504998t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Joy Jiang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Paul A. FitzGerald
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew Dolan
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rob Atkin
- Centre
for Advanced Particle Processing and Transport, Chemistry Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Gregory G. Warr
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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204
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Thater JC, Gérard V, Stubenrauch C. Microemulsions with the ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate: phase behavior, composition, and microstructure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:8283-8289. [PMID: 25014727 DOI: 10.1021/la501899c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate properties of microemulsions which consist of the ionic liquid (IL) ethylammonium nitrate (EAN), the nonionic surfactant C12E3 and an n-alkane, namely n-dodecane or n-octane. The compositions of the coexisting phases are calculated from the densities and volumes of the respective phases. Since the interfacial tension between the water-rich and the oil-rich phase in traditional microemulsions (containing water and oil) relates to the microstructure, spinning drop tensiometry is used to measure the interfacial tension σab and to estimate the domain sizes. Finally, measuring the self-diffusion coefficients of all components via the Fourier Transform Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo (FTPGSE) NMR technique allowed distinguishing between continuous and discrete structures. Our results indicate that the general principles underlying water-n-alkane-CiEj microemulsions can indeed be transferred to oil-in-EAN droplet and the respective bicontinuous microemulsions, while differences are observed for EAN-in-oil droplet microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C Thater
- Universität Stuttgart , Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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205
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Page AJ, Elbourne A, Stefanovic R, Addicoat MA, Warr GG, Voïtchovsky K, Atkin R. 3-Dimensional atomic scale structure of the ionic liquid-graphite interface elucidated by AM-AFM and quantum chemical simulations. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:8100-6. [PMID: 24916188 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01219d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In situ amplitude modulated atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) and quantum chemical simulations are used to resolve the structure of the highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)-bulk propylammonium nitrate (PAN) interface with resolution comparable with that achieved for frozen ionic liquid (IL) monolayers using STM. This is the first time that (a) molecular resolution images of bulk IL-solid interfaces have been achieved, (b) the lateral structure of the IL graphite interface has been imaged for any IL, (c) AM-AFM has elucidated molecular level structure immersed in a viscous liquid and (d) it has been demonstrated that the IL structure at solid surfaces is a consequence of both thermodynamic and kinetic effects. The lateral structure of the PAN-graphite interface is highly ordered and consists of remarkably well-defined domains of a rhomboidal superstructure composed of propylammonium cations preferentially aligned along two of the three directions in the underlying graphite lattice. The nanostructure is primarily determined by the cation. Van der Waals interactions between the propylammonium chains and the surface mean that the cation is enriched in the surface layer, and is much less mobile than the anion. The presence of a heterogeneous lateral structure at an ionic liquid-solid interface has wide ranging ramifications for ionic liquid applications, including lubrication, capacitive charge storage and electrodeposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alister J Page
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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206
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Sonnleitner T, Turton DA, Hefter G, Ortner A, Waselikowski S, Walther M, Wynne K, Buchner R. Ultra-Broadband Dielectric and Optical Kerr-Effect Study of the Ionic Liquids Ethyl and Propylammonium Nitrate. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:8826-41. [PMID: 24945675 DOI: 10.1021/jp502935t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric relaxation (DR) and optical Kerr-effect (OKE) spectra of the archetypal protic ionic liquids ethyl- and propylammonium nitrate (EAN and PAN) have been measured over an unusually large frequency range from 200 MHz to 10 THz at temperatures (mostly) between 5 and 65 °C. Analysis of the low-frequency α-relaxation, associated with the cooperative relaxations of the cations (DR) and anions (OKE) and any clusters present, indicated that ion reorientation in EAN is decoupled from viscosity and occurs via cooperative relaxation involving large-angle jumps rather than rotational diffusion. Detailed consideration of the high-frequency parts of the DR and OKE spectra showed that the observed intensities were a complex combination of overlapping and possibly coupled modes. In addition to previously identified intermolecular H-bond vibrations, there are significant contributions from the librations of the cations and anions. The present assignments were shown to be consistent with the isotopic shifts observed for deuterated EAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sonnleitner
- †Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitatsstr. 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - David A Turton
- ‡School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Glenn Hefter
- §Chemistry Department, Murdoch University, Murdoch, W.A. 6150, Australia
| | - Alexander Ortner
- ∥Department of Molecular and Optical Physics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Waselikowski
- ∥Department of Molecular and Optical Physics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Walther
- ∥Department of Molecular and Optical Physics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaas Wynne
- ‡School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Buchner
- †Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitatsstr. 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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207
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Docampo-Álvarez B, Gómez-González V, Méndez-Morales T, Carrete J, Rodríguez JR, Cabeza Ó, Gallego LJ, Varela LM. Mixtures of protic ionic liquids and molecular cosolvents: A molecular dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:214502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4879660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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208
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Bodo E, Mangialardo S, Capitani F, Gontrani L, Leonelli F, Postorino P. Interaction of a long alkyl chain protic ionic liquid and water. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:204503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4876036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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209
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Synthesis of 1,2-azidoalcohols from epoxides using a task-specific protic ionic liquid: 1-hydrogen-3-methylimidazolium azide. CR CHIM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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210
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211
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Rai G, Kumar A. Elucidation of Ionic Interactions in the Protic Ionic Liquid Solutions by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:4160-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5019179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Rai
- Physical
and Materials Chemistry
Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Physical
and Materials Chemistry
Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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212
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Bednarz S, Fluder M, Galica M, Bogdal D, Maciejaszek I. Synthesis of hydrogels by polymerization of itaconic acid-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Szczepan Bednarz
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry; Cracow University of Technology; Warszawska 24 31-155 Krakow Poland
| | - Maria Fluder
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry; Cracow University of Technology; Warszawska 24 31-155 Krakow Poland
| | - Mateusz Galica
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry; Cracow University of Technology; Warszawska 24 31-155 Krakow Poland
| | - Dariusz Bogdal
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry; Cracow University of Technology; Warszawska 24 31-155 Krakow Poland
| | - Ireneusz Maciejaszek
- Department of Refrigeration and Food Concentrates; Agriculture University of Cracow; Balicka 122 30-149 Krakow Poland
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213
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Recent Advances in the Applications of Ionic Liquids in Protein Stability and Activity: A Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3701-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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214
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Anouti M, Jacquemin J. Structuring reductive media containing protic ionic liquids and their application to the formation of metallic nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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215
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Electrochemical behaviour of iodine redox couples in aprotic and protic RTILs: 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and ethylammonium nitrate. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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216
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Li Q, Wang X, Yue X, Chen X. Phase transition of a quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactant induced by minor structural changes of protic ionic liquids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:1522-1530. [PMID: 24455981 DOI: 10.1021/la404826k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation behaviors of a Gemini surfactant [C12H25(CH3)2N(+)(CH2)2N(+)(CH3)2C12H25]Br2(-) (12-2-12) in two protic ionic liquids (PILs), propylammonium nitrate (PAN) and butylammonium nitrate (BAN), were investigated by means of several experimental techniques including small and wide-angle X-ray scattering, the polarized optical microscopy and the rheological measurement. Compared to those in ethylammonium nitrate (EAN), the minor structural changes with only one or two methylene units (-CH2-) increase in cationic chain length of PIL, result in a dramatic phase transition of formed aggregates. The critical micellization concentration was increased in PAN, while no micelle formation was detected in BAN. A normal hexagonal phase was observed in the 12-2-12/PAN system, while the normal hexagonal, bicontinuous cubic, and lamellar phases were mapped in the 12-2-12/BAN system. Such aggregation behavior changes can be ascribed to the weaker solvophobic interactions of 12-2-12 in PAN and BAN. The unique molecular structure of 12-2-12 is also an important factor to highlight such a dramatic phase transition due to the PIL structure change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qintang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University Ministry of Education , Jinan, 250100, China
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217
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Méndez-Morales T, Carrete J, Cabeza Ó, Russina O, Triolo A, Gallego LJ, Varela LM. Solvation of lithium salts in protic ionic liquids: a molecular dynamics study. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:761-70. [PMID: 24405468 DOI: 10.1021/jp410090f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The structure of solutions of lithium nitrate in a protic ionic liquid with a common anion, ethylammonium nitrate, at room temperature is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Several structural properties, such as density, radial distribution functions, hydrogen bonds, spatial distribution functions, and coordination numbers, are analyzed in order to get a picture of the solvation of lithium cations in this hydrogen-bonded, amphiphilically nanostructured environment. The results reveal that the ionic liquid mainly retains its structure upon salt addition, the interaction between the ammonium group of the cation and the nitrate anion being only slightly perturbed by the addition of the salt. Lithium cations are solvated by embedding them in the polar nanodomains of the solution formed by the anions, where they coordinate with the latter in a solid-like fashion reminiscent of a pseudolattice structure. Furthermore, it is shown that the average coordination number of [Li](+) with the anions is 4, nitrate coordinating [Li](+) in both monodentate and bidentate ways, and that in the second coordination layer both ethylammonium cations and other lithiums are also found. Additionally, the rattling motion of lithium ions inside the cages formed by their neighboring anions, indicative of the so-called caging effect, is confirmed by the analysis of the [Li](+) velocity autocorrelation functions. The overall picture indicates that the solvation of [Li](+) cations in this amphiphilically nanostructured environment takes place by means of a sort of inhomogeneous nanostructural solvation, which we could refer to as nanostructured solvation, and which could be a universal solvation mechanism in ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Méndez-Morales
- Grupo de Nanomateriais e Materia Branda, Departamento de Física da Materia Condensada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Campus Vida s/n, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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218
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Sun X, Tian Q, Xue Z, Zhang Y, Mu T. The dissolution behaviour of chitosan in acetate-based ionic liquids and their interactions: from experimental evidence to density functional theory analysis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02594f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, both experimental evidence and density functional theory analysis are used to explore the interactions between IL and chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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219
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Sun X, Liu S, Khan A, Zhao C, Yan C, Mu T. Ionicity of acetate-based protic ionic liquids: evidence for both liquid and gaseous phases. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00384e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low ionicity at high temperatures has been detected for a series of acetate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs), which form neutral components as a result of back proton transfer through an equilibrium shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyue Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Asim Khan
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chuanyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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220
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221
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Ekka D, Roy MN. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of ionic solvation of individual ions of imidazolium based ionic liquids in significant solution systems by conductance and FT-IR spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra48051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of significant interactions in eco-friendly RTILs in some liquid systems with a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Ekka
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Mahendra Nath Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013, India
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222
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Tsuzuki S, Shinoda W, Miran MS, Kinoshita H, Yasuda T, Watanabe M. Interactions in ion pairs of protic ionic liquids: Comparison with aprotic ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:174504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4827519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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223
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Bodo E, Sferrazza A, Caminiti R, Mangialardo S, Postorino P. A prototypical ionic liquid explored by ab initio molecular dynamics and Raman spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:144309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4823824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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224
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Salari H, Ahmadvand S, Harifi-Mood AR, Padervand M, Gholami MR. Molecular-Microscopic Properties and Preferential Solvation in Protic Ionic Liquid Mixtures. J SOLUTION CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-013-0079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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225
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An investigation about the cycling stability of supercapacitors containing protic ionic liquids as electrolyte components. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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226
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Faria LFO, Penna TC, Ribeiro MCC. Raman Spectroscopic Study of Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Ionic Liquid Propylammonium Nitrate. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:10905-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4066778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F. O. Faria
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia
Molecular, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CP
26077, CEP 05513-970, São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C. Penna
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia
Molecular, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CP
26077, CEP 05513-970, São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro C. C. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia
Molecular, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CP
26077, CEP 05513-970, São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
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227
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Frost DS, Machas M, Perea B, Dai LL. Nonconvective mixing of miscible ionic liquids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:10159-10165. [PMID: 23855707 DOI: 10.1021/la402158n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are ionic compounds that are liquid at room temperature. We studied the spontaneous mixing behavior between two ILs, ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]), and observed notable phenomena. Experimental studies showed that the interface between the two ILs was unusually long-lived, despite the ILs being miscible with one another. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations supported these findings and provided insight into the micromixing behavior of the ILs. We found that not only did the ions experience slow diffusion as they mix but also exhibited significant ordering into distinct regions. We suspect that this ordering disrupted concentration gradients in the direction normal to the interface, thus hindering diffusion in this direction and allowing the macroscopic interface to remain for long periods of time. Intermolecular interactions responsible for this behavior included the O-NH interaction between the EAN ions and the carbon chain-carbon chain interactions between the [BMIM](+) cations, which associate more strongly in the mixed state than in the pure IL state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denzil S Frost
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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228
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Sites of protonation and copper(II)-complexation in protic ionic liquids comprised of N-hexylethylenediaminium cation. J Mol Liq 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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229
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Greaves TL, Drummond CJ. Solvent nanostructure, the solvophobic effect and amphiphile self-assembly in ionic liquids. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:1096-120. [PMID: 23165291 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35339c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of ionic liquids (ILs) to support amphiphile self-assembly into a range of mesophase structures has been established as a widespread phenomenon. From the ILs evaluated as self-assembly media, the vast majority have supported some lyotropic liquid crystal phase formation. Many neat ionic liquids have been shown to segregate into polar and non-polar domains to form a nanostructured liquid. A very strong correlation between the nanostructure of the ionic liquid and its characteristics as an amphiphile self-assembly solvent has been found. In this review we discuss ionic liquids as amphiphile self-assembly media, and identify trends that can be used to distinguish which ionic liquids are likely to have good promotion properties as self-assembly media. In particular these trends focus on the nanostructure of neat ionic liquids, their solvent cohesive energy density, and the related solvophobic effect. We forecast that many more ILs will be identified as amphiphile self-assembly solvents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar L Greaves
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton VIC 3169, Australia.
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230
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Swiety-Pospiech A, Wojnarowska Z, Hensel-Bielowka S, Pionteck J, Paluch M. Effect of pressure on decoupling of ionic conductivity from structural relaxation in hydrated protic ionic liquid, lidocaine HCl. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:204502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4807487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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231
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Abstract
Heterogeneous reactions of amines have been recently shown to play an important role in the formation and transformation of atmospheric aerosols. This perspective summarizes the latest laboratory progress in the multiphase chemistry of amines. Particular emphasis is given to the contributions of amines to new particle formation, growth of submicron particles, and alteration in the physiochemical properties of pre-existing particles, including hygroscopicity, thermostability, density, phase, and optical properties, from exposure to gaseous amines. The atmospheric implications of the multiphase reactions of amines, including the potential impact on direct and indirect climate forcing of aerosols, and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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232
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Shukla SK, Kumar A. Probing the Acidity of Carboxylic Acids in Protic Ionic Liquids, Water, and Their Binary Mixtures: Activation Energy of Proton Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:2456-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp310927w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Shukla
- Physical and Materials Chemistry
Division, National Chemical Laboratory,
Pune 411008, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Physical and Materials Chemistry
Division, National Chemical Laboratory,
Pune 411008, India
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233
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Hou M, Xu Y, Han Y, Chen B, Zhang W, Ye Q, Sun J. Thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions of two ammonium-based protic ionic liquids at 298.15K. J Mol Liq 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2012.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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234
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Lewandowski A, Waligora L, Galinski M. Electrochemical Behavior of Cobaltocene in Ionic Liquids. J SOLUTION CHEM 2013; 42:251-262. [PMID: 23483033 PMCID: PMC3586160 DOI: 10.1007/s10953-013-9957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior of cobaltocenium has been studied in a number of room temperature aprotic ionic liquids. Well defined, diffusion controlled, anodic and cathodic peaks were found for the Cc+/Cc (cobaltocenium/cobaltocene) reduction/oxidation on gold, platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. Values of the peak separation parameters suggest quasireversibility or even irreversibility for the redox process. The difference between the ferrocene/ferrocenium and cobaltocenium/cobaltocene couples has been evaluated as equal to (1.350 ± 0.020) V. Values of the cobaltocenium (Cc+) diffusion coefficients D have been calculated on the basis of the Randles-Sevcik equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Lewandowski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznań University of Technology, 60 965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lukasz Waligora
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznań University of Technology, 60 965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Galinski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznań University of Technology, 60 965 Poznań, Poland
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235
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Couadou E, Jacquemin J, Galiano H, Hardacre C, Anouti M. A comparative study on the thermophysical properties for two bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide-based ionic liquids containing the trimethyl-sulfonium or the trimethyl-ammonium cation in molecular solvents. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:1389-402. [PMID: 23286649 DOI: 10.1021/jp308139r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a comparative study of the thermophysical properties of two homologous ionic liquids, namely, trimethyl-sulfonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide, [S(111)][TFSI], and trimethyl-ammonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide, [HN(111)][TFSI], and their mixtures with propylene carbonate, acetonitrile, or gamma butyrolactone as a function of temperature and composition. The influence of solvent addition on the viscosity, conductivity, and thermal properties of IL solutions was studied as a function of the solvent mole fraction from the maximum solubility of IL, x(s), in each solvent to the pure solvent. In this case, x(s) is the composition corresponding to the maximum salt solubility in each liquid solvent at a given temperature from 258.15 to 353.15 K. The effect of temperature on the transport properties of each binary mixture was then investigated by fitting the experimental data using Arrhenius' law and the Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher (VTF) equation. The experimental data shows that the residual conductivity at low temperature, e.g., 263.15 K, of each binary mixture is exceptionally high. For example, conductivity values up to 35 and 42 mS·cm(-1) were observed in the case of the [S(111)][TFSI] + ACN and [HN(111)][TFSI] + ACN binary mixtures, respectively. Subsequently, a theoretical approach based on the conductivity and on the viscosity of electrolytes was formulated by treating the migration of ions as a dynamical process governed by ion-ion and solvent-ion interactions. Within this model, viscosity data sets were first analyzed using the Jones-Dole equation. Using this theoretical approach, excellent agreement was obtained between the experimental and calculated conductivities for the binary mixtures investigated at 298.15 K as a function of the composition up to the maximum solubility of the IL. Finally, the thermal characterization of the IL solutions, using DSC measurements, showed a number of features corresponding to different solid-solid phase transitions, T(S-S), with extremely low melting entropies, indicating a strong organizational structure by easy rotation of methyl group. These ILs can be classified as plastic crystal materials and are promising as ambient-temperature solid electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Couadou
- Université François Rabelais, Laboratoire PCM2E, Parc de grandmont 37200 Tours, France
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236
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Segura JJ, Elbourne A, Wanless EJ, Warr GG, Voïtchovsky K, Atkin R. Adsorbed and near surface structure of ionic liquids at a solid interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:3320-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44163f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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237
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Wijaya EC, Greaves TL, Drummond CJ. Linking molecular/ion structure, solvent mesostructure, the solvophobic effect and the ability of amphiphiles to self-assemble in non-aqueous liquids. Faraday Discuss 2013; 167:191-215. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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238
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Anouti M, Timperman L. A pyrrolidinium nitrate protic ionic liquid-based electrolyte for very low-temperature electrical double-layer capacitors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:6539-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44680h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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239
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Das S, Ghosh S. Fabrication of different morphologies of ZnO superstructures in presence of synthesized ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) ionic liquid: synthesis, characterization and analysis. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:1645-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31920a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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240
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Mirjafari A, Pham LN, McCabe JR, Mobarrez N, Salter EA, Wierzbicki A, West KN, Sykora RE, Davis JH. Building a bridge between aprotic and protic ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22752e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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241
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Rai G, Kumar A. Interesting thermal variations owing to cationic ring structural features in protic ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:8050-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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242
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Kanzaki R, Doi H, Song X, Hara S, Ishiguro SI, Umebayashi Y. Acid–Base Property of N-Methylimidazolium-Based Protic Ionic Liquids Depending on Anion. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:14146-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp308477p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kanzaki
- Graduate School
of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Doi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Xuedan Song
- Graduate School of
Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nisi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shota Hara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Ishiguro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Umebayashi
- Graduate School of
Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nisi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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243
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Alvarez VH, Mattedi S, Aznar M. Density, Refraction Index, and Vapor–Liquid Equilibria of n-Methyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium Hexanoate Plus (Methyl Acetate, Ethyl Acetate, or Propyl Acetate) at Several Temperatures. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302343v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. H. Alvarez
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional
Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton,
AB, Canada, T6G 2P5
| | - S. Mattedi
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Rua Aristides Novis 2, Federação,
40210-630, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - M. Aznar
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein 500, Cidade Universitária,
13083-852, Campinas-SP, Brazil
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244
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Gontrani L, Bodo E, Triolo A, Leonelli F, D’Angelo P, Migliorati V, Caminiti R. The Interpretation of Diffraction Patterns of Two Prototypical Protic Ionic Liquids: a Challenging Task for Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13024-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306110g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gontrani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della ricerca
Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza”,
P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza”,
P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Triolo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della ricerca
Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Leonelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza”,
P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola D’Angelo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza”,
P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Migliorati
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza”,
P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Ruggero Caminiti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza”,
P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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245
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Capelo SB, Méndez-Morales T, Carrete J, López Lago E, Vila J, Cabeza O, Rodríguez JR, Turmine M, Varela LM. Effect of temperature and cationic chain length on the physical properties of ammonium nitrate-based protic ionic liquids. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:11302-12. [PMID: 22947013 DOI: 10.1021/jp3066822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a systematic study of the effect of the cationic chain length and degree of hydrogen bonding on several equilibrium and transport properties of the first members of the alkylammonium nitrate protic ionic liquids (PILs) family (ethylammonium, propylammonium, and butylammonium nitrate) in the temperature range between 10 and 40 °C. These properties were observed by means of several experimental techniques, including density, surface tension, refractometry, viscosimetry, and conductimetry. The dilatation coefficients and compressibilities, as well as the Rao coefficients, were calculated, and an increase of these magnitudes with alkyl chain length was detected. Moreover, the surface entropies and enthalpies of the studied PILs were analyzed, and the temperature dependence of the surface tension was observed to be describable by means of a harmonic oscillator model with surface energies and critical temperatures that are increasing functions of the cationic chain length. Moreover, the refractive indexes were measured and the thermo-optic coefficient and Abbe numbers were calculated, and the contribution of the electrostrictive part seemed to dominate the temperature dependence of the electric polarization. The electric conductivity and the viscosity were measured and the influence of the degree of hydrogen bonding in the supercooled liquid region analyzed. Hysteresis loops were detected in freezing-melting cycles and the effect of the length of the alkyl chain of the cation on the size of the loop analyzed, showing that longer chains lead to a narrowing of the supercooled region. The temperature dependence of the conductivity was studied in the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) framework and the fragility indices, the effective activation energies, and the Vogel temperatures obtained. A high-temperature Arrhenius analysis was also performed, and the activation energies of conductivity and viscosity were calculated, showing that these transport processes are governed by two distinct mechanisms. The exponents of the fractional Walden rule for the different compounds were obtained. Finally, the ionicities and fragilities of the studied PILs were analyzed, proving that all the studied PILs are subionic and fragile liquids, with propylammonium nitrate showing the lowest fragility and the greater ionicity of all the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bouzón Capelo
- Grupo de Nanomateriales y Materia Blanda, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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246
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Zhang XX, Liang M, Ernsting NP, Maroncelli M. Complete Solvation Response of Coumarin 153 in Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2012; 117:4291-304. [DOI: 10.1021/jp305430a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xing Zhang
- Department of Physics, College
of Physical Science, Nankai University,
Tianjin, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Berlin,
Germany
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania, United States
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247
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Collins MP, Zhou L, Camp SE, Danielson ND. Isopropylammonium formate as a mobile phase modifier for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:869-76. [PMID: 22718743 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Isopropylammonium formate (IPAF), a new alkylammonium formate (AAF) room temperature ionic liquid, has been synthesized from isopropylamine and formic acid and characterized as an organic solvent mobile phase replacement for reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC). Characterization of IPAF solvent properties in water such as pH, conductivity, and viscosity, as well as its synthesis, is described. The LC polarity (P') and the solvent strength (S) parameters are determined to be 6.0 and 2.4, respectively, similar to those same parameters for methanol and acetonitrile. Application of this RTIL is demonstrated as an organic solvent replacement for reversed-phase LC to separate a test mixture of niacinamide, acetophenone and p-nitroaniline. The van Deemter plot profile for several columns of different dimensions, particle size, pore size and stationary phase are compared using an IPAF-water mobile phase. At flow rates above 2 mL/min, on-line mixing of the viscous IPAF with water appears not to be uniform. A flattening of the van Deemter profile is noted for particularly short (50 mm) wide bore (4.6 mm) columns packed with larger particles (10 µm). Small particle longer columns likely facilitated mixing at the beginning of the column generating typical linearly increasing van Deemeter curves. IPAF has been further shown as a function of temperature to be a non-denaturing modifier solvent for the separation of the protein cytochrome c from tryptophan compared to methanol. This is important to show, because the semi-preparative separation of native proteins using AAF mobile phases is the long-term goal of this research program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Collins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
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248
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Yu L, Pizio BS, Vaden TD. Conductivity and Spectroscopic Investigation of Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Solution in Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:6553-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301883e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United
States
| | - Benjamin S. Pizio
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United
States
| | - Timothy D. Vaden
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United
States
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249
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Wojnarowska Z, Roland CM, Kolodziejczyk K, Swiety-Pospiech A, Grzybowska K, Paluch M. Quantifying the Structural Dynamics of Pharmaceuticals in the Glassy State. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1238-41. [PMID: 26286764 DOI: 10.1021/jz300349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Structural dynamics in the glassy state of two protic ionic liquids, carvedilol phosphate and procaine hydrochloride, were characterized from analysis of changes in the conductivity relaxation times during physical aging. The obtained relaxation times, having a magnitude exceeding feasible experimental time scales and thus not directly measurable, are consistent with published data from a method that relies on the presence of a secondary relaxation. We also observe a narrowing of the relaxation dispersion, specific to higher frequencies, that is a consequence of the heterogeneous dynamics of deeply supercooled materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wojnarowska
- †Institute of Physics, Silesian University, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - C M Roland
- ‡Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375-5342, United States
| | - K Kolodziejczyk
- †Institute of Physics, Silesian University, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - A Swiety-Pospiech
- †Institute of Physics, Silesian University, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - K Grzybowska
- †Institute of Physics, Silesian University, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - M Paluch
- †Institute of Physics, Silesian University, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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250
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Song X, Hamano H, Minofar B, Kanzaki R, Fujii K, Kameda Y, Kohara S, Watanabe M, Ishiguro SI, Umebayashi Y. Structural heterogeneity and unique distorted hydrogen bonding in primary ammonium nitrate ionic liquids studied by high-energy X-ray diffraction experiments and MD simulations. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:2801-13. [PMID: 22372592 DOI: 10.1021/jp209561t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Liquid structure and the closest ion-ion interactions in a series of primary alkylammonium nitrate ionic liquids [C(n)Am(+)][NO(3)(-)] (n = 2, 3, and 4) were studied by means of high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) experiments with the aid of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Experimental density and X-ray structure factors are in good accordance with those evaluated with MD simulations. With regard to liquid structure, characteristic peaks appeared in the low Q (Q: a scattering vector) region of X-ray structure factors S(Q)'s for all ionic liquids studied here, and they increased in intensity with a peak position shift toward the lower Q side by increasing the alkyl chain length. Experimentally evaluated S(Q(peak))(r(max)) functions, which represent the S(Q) intensity at a peak position of maximum intensity Q(peak) as a function of distance (actually a integration range r(max)), revealed that characteristic peaks in the low Q region are related to the intermolecular anion-anion correlation decrease in the r range of 10-12 Å. Appearance of the peak in the low Q region is probably related to the exclusion of the correlations among ions of the same sign in this r range by the alkyl chain aggregation. From MD simulations, we found unique and rather distorted NH···O hydrogen bonding between C(n)Am(+) (n = 2, 3, and 4) and NO(3)(-) in these ionic liquids regardless of the alkyl chain length. Subsequent ab initio calculations for both a molecular complex C(2)H(5)NH(2)···HONO(2) and an ion pair C(2)H(5)NH(3)(+)···ONO(2)(-) revealed that such distorted hydrogen bonding is specific in a liquid state of this family of ionic liquids, though the linear orientation is preferred for both the N···HO hydrogen bonding in a molecular complex and the NH···O one in an ion pair. Finally, we propose our interpretation of structural heterogeneity in PILs and also in APILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Song
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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