201
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Abstract
A reaction sequence involving the 1,6-conjugate addition of a nucleophile to a dienyl diketone followed by Nazarov cyclization is described. Several nucleophiles are identified as competent initiators for the sequence. A different reaction outcome is observed when catalytic amounts of nucleophile are employed, involving elimination of the nucleophile after the electrocyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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202
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Shimada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 The Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A
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203
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Wu YK, McDonald R, West FG. Homologous Mukaiyama Reactions via Trapping of the Nazarov Intermediate with Silyloxyalkenes. Org Lett 2011; 13:3584-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201125h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - F. G. West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
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204
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Marx VM, Stoddard RL, Heverly-Coulson GS, Burnell DJ. Substituent-Controlled Reactivity in the Nazarov Cyclisation of Allenyl Vinyl Ketones. Chemistry 2011; 17:8098-104. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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205
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Huang J, Lebœuf D, Frontier AJ. Understanding the fate of the oxyallyl cation following Nazarov electrocyclization: sequential Wagner-Meerwein migrations and the synthesis of spirocyclic cyclopentenones. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6307-17. [PMID: 21466152 DOI: 10.1021/ja111504w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A general reaction sequence is described that involves Nazarov cyclization followed by two sequential Wagner-Meerwein migrations, to afford spirocyclic compounds from divinyl ketones in the presence of 1 equiv of copper(II) complexes. A detailed investigation of this sequence is described including a study of substrate scope and limitations. It was found that after 4π electrocyclization, two different pathways are available to the oxyallyl cation intermediate: elimination of a proton can give the usual Nazarov cycloadduct, or ring contraction can give an alternative tertiary carbocation. After ring contraction, either [1,2]-hydride or carbon migration can occur, depending upon the substitution pattern of the substrate, to furnish spirocyclic products. The rearrangement pathway is favored over the elimination pathway when catalyst loading is high and the copper(II) counterion is noncoordinating. Several ligands were found to be effective for the reaction. Thus, the reaction sequence can be controlled by judicious choice of reaction conditions to allow selective generation of richly functionalized spirocycles. The three steps of the sequence are stereospecific: electrocyclization followed by two [1,2]-suprafacial Wagner-Meerwein shifts, the ring contraction and then a hydride, alkenyl, or aryl shift. The method allows stereospecific installation of adjacent stereocenters or adjacent quaternary centers arrayed around a cyclopentenone ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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206
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Abstract
A mild method for the diastereoselective formation of C(4), C(5)-disubstituted cyclopentenones has been developed, involving formation of a pentadienyl cation via diastereoselective oxidation of a vinyl alkoxyallene. Conrotatory electrocyclization provides the cyclopentenone product. The broad scope, mild conditions, and uncommon substitution pattern accessible through this transformation make it a useful addition to the existing repertoire of cyclopentenone synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627
| | - Mark D. Levin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627
| | - Alison J. Frontier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627
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207
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Krafft ME, Vidhani DV, Cran JW, Manoharan M. Solvent controlled mechanistic dichotomy in a Au(iii)-catalyzed, heterocyclization triggered, Nazarov reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:6707-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc10920k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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208
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Rueping M, Ieawsuwan W. Asymmetric Brønsted acid catalyzed carbonyl activation – organocatalytic domino electrocyclization–halogenation reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11450-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15289k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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209
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Faza ON, de Lera AR. DFT-Based Mechanistic Insights into Noble Metal-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Propargylic Derivatives: Chirality Transfer Processes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 302:81-130. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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210
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Marx VM, LeFort FM, Burnell DJ. Trapping the Oxyallyl Cation Intermediate Derived from the Nazarov Cyclization of Allenyl Vinyl Ketones with Nitrogen Heterocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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211
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Scadeng O, Ferguson MJ, West FG. Intermolecular [3 + 3]-Cycloadditions of Azides with the Nazarov Intermediate. Org Lett 2010; 13:114-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102651k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen Scadeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - F. G. West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
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212
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Veits GK, Wenz DR, Read de Alaniz J. Versatile Method for the Synthesis of 4-Aminocyclopentenones: Dysprosium(III) Triflate Catalyzed Aza-Piancatelli Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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213
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Veits GK, Wenz DR, Read de Alaniz J. Versatile Method for the Synthesis of 4-Aminocyclopentenones: Dysprosium(III) Triflate Catalyzed Aza-Piancatelli Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9484-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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214
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Basak AK, Shimada N, Bow WF, Vicic DA, Tius MA. An organocatalytic asymmetric Nazarov cyclization. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:8266-7. [PMID: 20507121 DOI: 10.1021/ja103028r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic asymmetric Nazarov cyclization of diketoesters that proceeds by means of a dual activation mechanism has been developed. Screening of a number of catalysts led to a new thiourea that incorporates a primary amino group. The method gives rise to cyclic products with two adjacent quaternary asymmetric carbon atoms, one of which is an all-carbon stereocenter, with complete or nearly complete diastereoselectivity and in high or very high enantiomeric excess. A brief and very convenient synthesis of the acyclic diketoester starting materials through nucleophilic addition to a ketene is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Basak
- Department of Chemistry, 2545 The Mall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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215
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - F. G. West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, E3-43 Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
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216
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Cao P, Deng C, Zhou YY, Sun XL, Zheng JC, Xie Z, Tang Y. Asymmetric Nazarov Reaction Catalyzed by Chiral Tris(oxazoline)/Copper(II). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200907266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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217
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Cao P, Deng C, Zhou YY, Sun XL, Zheng JC, Xie Z, Tang Y. Asymmetric Nazarov Reaction Catalyzed by Chiral Tris(oxazoline)/Copper(II). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:4463-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200907266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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218
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Marx VM, Burnell DJ. Nazarov cyclizations of an allenyl vinyl ketone with interception of the oxyallyl cation intermediate for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:1685-9. [PMID: 20078119 DOI: 10.1021/ja909073r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of an allenyl vinyl ketone with BF(3) x Et(2)O leads to a cyclic oxyallyl cation by a Nazarov reaction, and when this reaction is conducted in the presence of an acyclic diene, [4 + 3] and [3 + 2] products are obtained efficiently with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The proportion of [4 + 3] to [3 + 2] product depends on the substitution on the diene. Cyclic dienes react with the oxyallyl cation by forming only one carbon-carbon bond, but the site of bond formation can be affected by steric hindrance. Electron-rich alkenes intercept the allyl cation by forming one carbon-carbon bond, or two carbon-carbon bonds through [3 + 2] cyclization. In some instances, further treatment of the initial products with BF(3) x Et(2)O leads to equilibrated products in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Marx
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4J3, Canada
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219
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Wender PA, Stemmler RT, Sirois LE. A Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular [5+2] Cycloaddition/Nazarov Cyclization Sequence and Cascade. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:2532-3. [PMID: 20141136 DOI: 10.1021/ja910696x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Wender
- Departments of Chemistry and of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
| | - René T. Stemmler
- Departments of Chemistry and of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
| | - Lauren E. Sirois
- Departments of Chemistry and of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
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220
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Shimada N, Ashburn BO, Basak AK, Bow WF, Vicic DA, Tius MA. Organocatalytic asymmetric aza-Nazarov cyclization of an azirine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:3774-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b927564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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221
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G. West F, J. Rieder C, J. Fradette R. Heteroaromatic Trapping of Tricyclic 2-Oxidocyclopentenyl Cations: A Surprisingly Efficient Example of Intermolecular Interrupted Nazarov Reaction. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-s(s)132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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222
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Harmata M. The (4+3)-cycloaddition reaction: simple allylic cations as dienophiles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:8886-903. [PMID: 21057692 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03620j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Harmata
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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223
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Marx VM, Cameron TS, Burnell DJ. Formation of halogenated cyclopent-2-enone derivatives by interrupted Nazarov cyclizations. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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