201
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Thorpe JD, O'Reilly D, Friščić T, Damha MJ. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Short DNA Fragments. Chemistry 2020; 26:8857-8861. [PMID: 32166818 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the first mechanochemical synthesis of DNA fragments by ball milling, enabling the synthesis of oligomers of controllable sequence and length using multi-step, one-pot reactions, without bulk solvent or the need to isolate intermediates. Mechanochemistry allowed for coupling of phosphoramidite monomers to the 5'-hydroxyl group of nucleosides, iodine/water oxidation of the resulting phosphite triester linkage, and removal of the 5'-dimethoxytrityl (DMTr) protecting group in situ in good yields (up to 60 % over three steps) to produce DNA dimers in a one-pot manner. H-Phosphonate chemistry under milling conditions enabled coupling and protection of the H-phosphonate linkage, as well as removal of the 5'-DMTr protecting group in situ, enabling a one-pot process with good yields (up to 65 % over three steps, or ca. 87 % per step). Sulfurization of the internucleotide linkage was possible using elemental sulfur (S8) or sulfur transfer reagents, yielding the target DNA phosphorothioate dimers in good yield (up to 80 % over two steps). This work opens the door to creation of solvent-free synthesis methodologies for DNA and RNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Thorpe
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Daniel O'Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Masad J Damha
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
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202
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Shi W, Sun G, Zou G. Ball-milling enables highly selective solvent-free N-tert-butoxycarbonylation for activation of amides. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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203
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Numerical and experimental investigations on new jar designs for high efficiency planetary ball milling. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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204
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Mechanochemical Preparation of Pd(II) and Pt(II) Composites with Carbonaceous Materials and Their Application in the Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction at Several Energy Inputs. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122951. [PMID: 32604905 PMCID: PMC7355770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pd(II) and Pt(II) composites with activated carbon (AC), graphene oxide, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes were prepared by ball milling and used as catalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, under several energy inputs (mechanical grinding, conventional heating, and microwave irradiation). The catalytic composites were characterized by ICP-MS, BET, XPS analyses, TEM, and SEM. The average particle size of the prepared composites was estimated to be in the range of 6–30 nm, while the loadings of Pd and Pt did not significantly affect the surface area of the AC support due to the tendency to agglomerate as observed by the TEM analysis. The Pd/AC composites exhibit high mechanochemical catalytic activity in cross-coupling of bromobenzene and phenylboronic acid with molar yields up to 80% with TON and TOF of 222 and 444 h−1, respectively, achieved with Pd(4.7 wt%)-AC catalyst under the liquid assisted grinding for 0.5 h at ambient conditions, using cyclohexene as an additive.
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205
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Hosseini A, Schreiner PR. Direct Exploitation of the Ethynyl Moiety in Calcium Carbide Through Sealed Ball Milling. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Hosseini
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
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206
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Dayaker G, Tan D, Biggins N, Shelam A, Do JL, Katsenis AD, Friščić T. Catalytic Room-Temperature C-N Coupling of Amides and Isocyanates by Using Mechanochemistry. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2966-2972. [PMID: 32222112 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A mechanochemical route is developed for room-temperature and solvent-free derivatization of different types of amides into carbamoyl isatins (up to 96 % conversion or yield), benzamides (up to 81 % yield), and imides (up to 92 % yield). In solution, this copper-catalyzed coupling either does not take place or requires high temperatures at which it may also be competing with alternative thermal reactivity, highlighting the beneficial role of mechanochemistry for this reaction. Such behavior resembles the previously investigated coupling with sulfonamide substrates, suggesting that this type of C-N coupling is an example of a mechanochemically favored reaction, for which mechanochemistry appears to be a favored environment over solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandrath Dayaker
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Naomi Biggins
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Asha Shelam
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Do
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Athanassios D Katsenis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
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207
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Chen X, Xu Z, Yao Z, Shuai Q, Jiang Z, Peng X, Li Y, An R, Jiang X, Li H. Preparation of non-sintered lightweight aggregates through co-mechanochemical treatment of oil-contaminated drill cuttings, circulation fluidized bed combustion fly ash, and quicklime. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20904-20911. [PMID: 32248424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the feasibility of co-mechanochemical treatment of oil-contaminated drill cuttings (OCDC), circulation fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash, and quicklime to prepare non-sintered lightweight aggregates (NSLWAs). The NSLWAs with high cylinder compressive strength and low water absorption could be obtained under the condition of optimal water addition and appropriate steam-curing temperature, as well as steam-curing time. Co-mechanochemical treatment could enhance the pozzolanic reactivity of CFBC fly ash effectively, which is beneficial to the strength development of NSLWAs. Moreover, co-mechanochemical treatment also can degrade the petroleum hydrocarbon of OCDC, greatly reducing the leaching concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) of NSLWAs. The final leaching concentrations of TPH are much lower than the requirements of Chinese National Standard GB 31571-2015. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengzhen Yao
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran An
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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208
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Zeng C, Hu H, Feng X, Wang K, Zhang Q. Activating CaCO 3 to enhance lead removal from lead-zinc solution to serve as green technology for the purification of mine tailings. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126227. [PMID: 32087456 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient lead removal from metal-containing wastewater, such as acid mine drainage (AMD), is an important step in environmental purification and secondary resources recovery. In this paper, a novel approach by mechanochemically activating CaCO3 through simply wet ball milling in metal-containing solution was developed, where selective Pb2+ precipitation in the form of PbCO3 was achieved based on its reaction with the CO32- from the activated CaCO3. By such milling operation, the removal efficiency of Pb2+ from aqueous solution could reach over 99%, while more than 99% Zn2+ (as well as Mn, Ni and Cd) was remaining in the solutions, demonstrating the feasibility and high effectiveness of precipitating Pb2+ and serving the purpose of recovering other metals without Pb impurity. The solubility differences between Pb carbonate and other carbonates of Zn, Mn, Ni or Cd were understood to be the main pathway and using CaCO3 would offer an easy operation and environmental friendly process to purify the metals-containing wastewater by precipitating Pb, compared with the difficulties when using alkaline neutralization to treat them. In addition, basic zinc carbonate (a zinc-containing ore waste) as an alternative precipitant to CaCO3 in the separation process was also confirmed to increase the zinc recovery in the solution while maintaining high Pb2+ removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaocheng Zeng
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinhao Feng
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Kui Wang
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China.
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209
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Porcheddu A, Colacino E, De Luca L, Delogu F. Metal-Mediated and Metal-Catalyzed Reactions Under Mechanochemical Conditions. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Porcheddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Lidia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica, e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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210
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Influence of Nanoscale Surface Arrangements on the Oxygen Transfer Ability of Ceria–Zirconia Mixed Oxide. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8050034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceria-based materials, and particularly CeO2–ZrO2 (CZ) solid solutions are key ingredient in catalyst formulations for several applications due to the ability of ceria to easily cycling its oxidation state between Ce4+ and Ce3+. Ceria-based catalysts have a great soot oxidation potential and the mechanism deeply relies on the degree of contact between CeO2 and carbon. In this study, carbon soot has been used as solid reductant to better understand the oxygen transfer ability of ceria–zirconia at low temperatures; the effect of different atmosphere and contact conditions has been investigated. The difference in the contact morphology between carbon soot and CZ particles is shown to strongly affect the oxygen transfer ability of ceria; in particular, increasing the carbon–ceria interfacial area, the reactivity of CZ lattice oxygen is significantly improved. In addition, with a higher degree of contact, the soot oxidation is less affected by the presence of NOx. The NO oxidation over CZ in the presence of soot has also been analyzed. The existence of a core/shell structure strongly enhances reactivity of interfacial oxygen species while affecting negatively NO oxidation characteristics. These findings are significant in the understanding of the redox chemistry of substituted ceria and help determining the role of active species in soot oxidation reaction as a function of the degree of contact between ceria and carbon.
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211
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Zhao LY, Dong XL, Lu AH. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Porous Carbons and Their Applications in Catalysis. Chempluschem 2020; 85:866-875. [PMID: 32378808 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Porous carbons have shown considerable potential in catalysis as either as supports or metal-free catalysts. Various methods based on solution chemistry have been intensively developed for the preparation of porous carbon-based catalysts with controllable morphology, pore structure, surface chemical property as well as the desired active sites. Nowadays, mechanochemical synthesis, a re-emerging strategy, has become more and more popular in the synthesis of porous carbons, due to its feasibility and high synthetic efficiency under solvent-free condition. This Minireview presents recent advances in the mechanochemical synthesis of porous carbons by ball milling, and their applications in catalysis. It starts a brief introduction of the characteristics and work mechanism of ball milling, and then discuss the preparation of porous carbons as metal-free catalysts and carbon-supported metal catalysts. Finally, some issues and further opportunities for the mechanochemical synthesis of porous carbon-based catalysts are proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - An-Hui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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212
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Liu Y, He X, Hu H, Zhang Q. Cogrinding with alkaline metal salts to enhance the reactivity of silicate mineral to serve as silicon fertilizer. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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213
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Nzabahimana J, Liu Z, Guo S, Wang L, Hu X. Top-Down Synthesis of Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Mechanical Milling and Etching. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1923-1946. [PMID: 31912988 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) providing high energy and power densities as well as long cycle life are in high demand for various applications. Benefitting from its high theoretical specific charge capacity of ≈4200 mAh g-1 and natural abundance, Si is nowadays considered as one of the most promising anode candidates for high-energy-density LIBs. However, its huge volume change during cycling prevents its widespread commercialization. Si/C-based electrodes, fabricated through top-down mechanical-milling technique and etching, could be particularly promising since they can adequately accommodate the Si volume expansion, buffer the mechanical stress, and ameliorate the interface/surface stability. In this Review, the current progresses in the top-down synthesis of Si/C anode materials for LIBs from inexpensive Si sources via the combination of low-cost, simple, scalable, and efficient ball-milling and etching processes are summarized. Various Si precursors as well as etching routes are highlighted in this Review. This review would be a guide for fabricating high-performance Si-based anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Nzabahimana
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Songtao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Libin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xianluo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
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214
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Liu J, Dou Z, Zhang T. Kinetic study on bastnaesite concentrate mechanochemical decomposition in NaOH solution. J RARE EARTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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215
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Qiu W, Vakili M, Cagnetta G, Huang J, Yu G. Effect of high energy ball milling on organic pollutant adsorption properties of chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:543-549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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216
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Ali El-Remaily MAEAA, Soliman AMM, Elhady OM. Green Method for the Synthetic Ugi Reaction by Twin Screw Extrusion without a Solvent and Catalyst. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6194-6198. [PMID: 32226904 PMCID: PMC7098038 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the solvent and catalyst-free Ugi reaction by way of twin screw extrusion (TSE). Multicomponent chemical synthesis can be converted into a single process without repeated use of solvents through TSE. High synthetic yields are achieved in short reaction times and produced in solvent-free conditions, which lead to a more environmentally friendly process.
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217
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Saothayanun TK, Sirinakorn TT, Ogawa M. Ion Exchange of Layered Alkali Titanates (Na 2Ti 3O 7, K 2Ti 4O 9, and Cs 2Ti 5O 11) with Alkali Halides by the Solid-State Reactions at Room Temperature. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4024-4029. [PMID: 32105454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ion exchange of layered alkali titanates (Na2Ti3O7, K2Ti4O9, and Cs2Ti5O11) with several alkali metal halides surprisingly proceeded in the solid-state at room temperature. The reaction was governed by thermodynamic parameters and was completed within a shorter time when the titanates with a smaller particle size were employed. On the other hand, the required time for the ion exchange was shorter in the cases of Cs2Ti5O11 than those of K2Ti4O9 irrespective of the particle size of the titanates, suggesting faster diffusion of the interlayer cation in the titanate with lower layer charge density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taya Ko Saothayanun
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 555 Moo 1 Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Thipwipa Tip Sirinakorn
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 555 Moo 1 Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Makoto Ogawa
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 555 Moo 1 Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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218
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Heidinger B, Royer S, Giraudon J, Gardoll O, Alamdari H, Lamonier J. Reactive Grinding synthesis of La(Sr,Ce)CoO
3
and their properties in toluene catalytic total oxidation. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Heidinger
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCLUniv. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F 59000 Lille France
- Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringUniversité Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Sébastien Royer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCLUniv. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F 59000 Lille France
- Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringUniversité Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Jean‐Marc Giraudon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCLUniv. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F 59000 Lille France
| | - Olivier Gardoll
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCLUniv. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F 59000 Lille France
| | - Houshang Alamdari
- Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringUniversité Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Jean‐François Lamonier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCLUniv. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F 59000 Lille France
- Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringUniversité Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
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219
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Geopolymer Based on Mechanically Activated Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051134. [PMID: 32143319 PMCID: PMC7085006 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient solution to increase the sustainability of building materials is to replace Portland cement with alkali-activated materials (AAM). Precursors for those systems are often based on water-cooled ground granulated blast furnace slags (GGBFS). Quenching of blast furnace slag can be done also by air but in that case, the final product is crystalline and with a very low reactivity. The present study aimed to evaluate the cementitious properties of a mechanically activated (MCA) air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) used as a precursor in sodium silicate alkali-activated systems. The unreactive ACBFS was processed in a planetary ball mill and its cementing performances were compared with an alkali-activated water-cooled GGBFS. Mixes based on mechanically activated ACBFS reached the 7-days compressive strength of 35 MPa and the 28-days compressive strength 45 MPa. The GGBFS-based samples showed generally higher compressive strength values.
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220
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He H, Di G, Gao X, Fei X. Use mechanochemical activation to enhance interfacial contaminant removal: A review of recent developments and mainstream techniques. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125339. [PMID: 31743866 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial processes, including adsorption and catalysis, play crucial roles in environmental contaminant removal. Mechanochemical activation (MCA) emerges as a competitive method to improve the performance of adsorbents and catalysts. The development and application of MCA in the last decades are thereby systematically reviewed, particularly highlighting its contribution to interfacial process modulation. Two typical apparatuses for MCA are ball milling (BaM) and bead milling (BeM). Compared to BaM, BeM is able to yield a much higher MCA intensity, because it could pulverize bulk solid particles to nearly 100 nm. Since MCA intensity on the adsorbents and catalysts is directly responsible for the contaminant removal afterwards, quantitative and qualitative determination methods for valid MCA intensity are introduced. MCA benefits both the adsorption kinetics and capacity of powdered activated carbon by increasing the specific surface area. Carbon oxidation should be given an additional attention, but potentially favors the adsorption of heavy metals. MCA favors the catalyst performance by providing abundant surface functional group and increasing the free energy in the near-surface region. Finally, the future research needs are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping He
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Guanglan Di
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Gao
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Xunchang Fei
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore.
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221
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Torre F, Farina V, Taras A, Pistidda C, Santoru A, Bednarcik J, Mulas G, Enzo S, Garroni S. Room temperature hydrocarbon generation in olivine powders: Effect of mechanical processing under CO2 atmosphere. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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222
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Titi HM, Do JL, Howarth AJ, Nagapudi K, Friščić T. Simple, scalable mechanosynthesis of metal-organic frameworks using liquid-assisted resonant acoustic mixing (LA-RAM). Chem Sci 2020; 11:7578-7584. [PMID: 34094134 PMCID: PMC8159441 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a rapid and readily scalable methodology for the mechanosynthesis of diverse metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the absence of milling media typically required for other types of mechanochemical syntheses. We demonstrate the use of liquid-assisted resonant acoustic mixing (LA-RAM) methodology for the synthesis of three- and two-dimensional MOFs based on Zn(ii), Co(ii) and Cu(ii), including a mixed ligand system. Importantly, the LA-RAM approach also allowed the synthesis of the ZIF-L framework that has never been previously obtained in a mechanochemical environment, as well as its Co(ii) analogue. Straightforward scale-up from milligrams to at least 25 grams is demonstrated using the metastable framework ZIF-L as the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem M Titi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Do
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Ashlee J Howarth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | | | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
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223
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van Bonn P, Bolm C, Hernández JG. Mechanochemical Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Reactions Using Mo(CO) 6. Chemistry 2020; 26:2576-2580. [PMID: 31802549 PMCID: PMC7065133 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Esters and amides were mechanochemically prepared by palladium-catalyzed carbonylative reactions of aryl iodides by using molybdenum hexacarbonyl as a convenient solid carbonyl source and avoiding a direct handling of gaseous carbon monoxide. Real-time monitoring of the mechanochemical reaction by in situ pressure sensing revealed that CO is rapidly transferred from Mo(CO)6 to the active catalytic system without significant release of molecular carbon monoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit van Bonn
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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224
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Sampath S, Vadivelu M, Ravindran R, Perumal PT, Velkannan V, Karthikeyan K. Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazole Tethered 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles: Promising Corrosion Inhibitors for Steel in Acidic Medium and Their Anti‐Microbial Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sugirdha Sampath
- Department of ChemistryB. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai 600048 India
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India
| | - Murugan Vadivelu
- Department of ChemistryB. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai 600048 India
| | - Radhika Ravindran
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India
| | - Paramasivan T. Perumal
- Department of ChemistryB. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai 600048 India
| | | | - Kesavan Karthikeyan
- Department of ChemistryB. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai 600048 India
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225
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Redón R, Ramírez-Crescencio F, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Coffer J, Simanek EE. Ir(0) and Pt(0) nanoparticle-triazine dendrimer composites. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1738407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Redón
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - F. Ramírez-Crescencio
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | | | - J. Coffer
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - E. E. Simanek
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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226
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Baláž M, Tešinský M, Marquardt J, Škrobian M, Daneu N, Rajňák M, Baláž P. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles from refractory sulfides using a semi-industrial mechanochemical approach. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2019.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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227
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Kang T, Lee S, Kim T, Kim J. Efficient Luminescence of Sr 2Si 5N 8:Eu 2+ nanophosphor and its film applications to LED and Solar cell as a downconverter. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1475. [PMID: 32001791 PMCID: PMC6992749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we present the synthesis of the efficient nanophosphor Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ (D50 = 144 nm) by a simple milling approach, its strong Rayleigh scattering, and its film applications to white LED and silicon solar cell as a downshifting medium. The final nanophosphor product showed the quantum efficiency comparable to the bulk phosphor which is, to our knowledge, the highest record of nitride nanophosphors. Especially the nanophosphor showed the more tail emission at the shorter-wavelength side of the emission spectrum and the faster thermal quenching with the more spectral broadening along with the temperature due to Rayleigh scattering. Also the lowering in the excitation spectrum was observed due to lower absorbance. Finally, the nanophosphor-dispersed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film was made, and its applications to white LED and silicon solar cell as a downshifting medium demonstrated that it gave the high color rendering property in white LED in spite of still lower luminous efficiency, and it caused the increase in efficiency of silicon solar cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewook Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program of LED Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Lee
- Cell Bio Korea Co. Ltd., Seoul, 07547, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Ujin materials, Busan, 48547, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsu Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of LED Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Display and Science Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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228
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Ahmed J, Rakib RH, Rahman MM, Asiri AM, Siddiquey IA, Islam SSM, Hasnat MA. Electrocatalytic Oxidation of 4-Aminophenol Molecules at the Surface of an FeS 2 /Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode in Aqueous Medium. Chempluschem 2020; 84:175-182. [PMID: 31950691 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
FeS2 /carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites were synthesized and immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in order to investigate the electrocatalytic conversion of 4-aminophenol (4-AP) into p-quinone in an aqueous medium. The reformed electronic properties (in terms of lowering of band-gap energy and charge-transfer resistance), as well as improved surface area, result in an enhanced redox reaction of 4-AP in the presence of FeS2 -CNT NCs compared to that with FeS2 alone. The 4-AP molecules undergo coupled two-proton and two-electron transfer quasi-reversible redox reactions with a symmetry factor of 0.55 and standard rate constant (k°) of 0.8 cm s-1 . Here, quinone imine is generated as an intermediate which is later converted into quinone in an irreversible hydrolysis reaction. The best catalytic performance can be obtained at the pH value of 7.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahir Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Shahajalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Riad H Rakib
- Department of Chemistry, Shahajalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, P.O. Box 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, P.O. Box 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal A Siddiquey
- Department of Chemistry, Shahajalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Saiful S M Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Shahajalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A Hasnat
- Department of Chemistry, Shahajalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-, 3114, Bangladesh
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229
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Blackmore RH, Rivas ME, Eralp Erden T, Dung Tran T, Marchbank HR, Ozkaya D, Briceno de Gutierrez M, Wagland A, Collier P, Wells PP. Understanding the mechanochemical synthesis of the perovskite LaMnO 3 and its catalytic behaviour. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:232-240. [PMID: 31815267 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03590g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry offers a solventless, 'waste free' route to preparing metal oxide catalysts, however, there is limited information on the chemical steps involved. In this work, the perovskite LaMnO3 has been successfully synthesized via mechanochemistry from metal oxide powders, La2O3 and Mn2O3, at room temperature, using a planetary ball mill. Separate ex situ'time slices' were taken during the milling procedure to provide insights into the underlying chemistry. The crystalline material was assessed using XRD, which identified 100% perovskite phase after 3 h of milling. Conversely, characterization by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at both the Mn K-edge and La L3-edge provides a very different picture. The XAS data shows that there are significant structural alterations as early as 30 min of milling, with the La precursor dispersed over Mn2O3. Increasing milling time then allows for mechanical activation of both precursors and the formation of powdered LaMnO3, with no calcination step required. The XAS highlights that there is a significant amount of amorphous, oxygen deficient, content even when XRD has identified 100% perovskite phase. The samples were tested for the decomposition of the environmental pollutant N2O; at a milling time of 3 h, the LaMnO3 catalyst displays a much early onset production of N2 compared to a traditional sol-gel synthesized LaMnO3, resulting from increased oxygen deficiency at the surface, confirmed by XPS and STEM-EELS. This is an encouraging sign that mechanochemical routes can be harnessed to provide a sustainable route to preparing mixed metal oxide catalysts with enhanced catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Blackmore
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK.
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230
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Ngono F, Cuello GJ, Jiménez-Ruiz M, Willart JF, Guerain M, Wildes AR, Stunault A, Hamoudi-Ben Yelles CM, Affouard F. Morphological and Structural Properties of Amorphous Lactulose Studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Polarized Neutron Scattering, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:10-20. [PMID: 31710493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Morphological and structural properties of amorphous disaccharide lactulose (C12H22O11), obtained by four different amorphization methods (milling, quenching of the melt form, spray-drying, and freeze-drying), are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, polarized neutron scattering, and molecular dynamics simulations. While major differences on the morphology of the different amorphous samples are revealed by scanning electron microscopy images, only subtle structural differences have been found by polarized neutron scattering. Microstructure of the milled sample appears slightly different from the other amorphized materials with the presence of remaining crystalline germs which are not detected by X-ray diffraction. Quantitative phase analysis shows that these remaining crystallites are present in a ratio between 1 and 4%, and their size remains between 20 and 30 nm despite a long milling time of about 8 h. The impact of the change in tautomeric concentrations on the physical properties of lactulose in the amorphous state has been investigated from molecular dynamics simulations. It is suggested that chemical differences between lactulose tautomers could be at the origin of small structural differences detected by polarized neutron scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Ngono
- Universite de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France.,Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Gabriel J Cuello
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Monica Jiménez-Ruiz
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Jean-Francois Willart
- Universite de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Mathieu Guerain
- Universite de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Andrew R Wildes
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Anne Stunault
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble , France
| | | | - Frederic Affouard
- Universite de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France
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231
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Ngono F, Willart JF, Cuello GJ, Jimenez-Ruiz M, Yelles CMHB, Affouard F. Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1-9. [PMID: 31647674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Special attention was paid to the tautomeric composition and to the glass transition of amorphized materials. It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Ngono
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France.,Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs , CS 20156, F-38042 , Grenoble , France
| | - Jean-Francois Willart
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Gabriel Julio Cuello
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs , CS 20156, F-38042 , Grenoble , France
| | - Monica Jimenez-Ruiz
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 Av. des Martyrs , CS 20156, F-38042 , Grenoble , France
| | | | - Frederic Affouard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations , F-59000 Lille , France
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232
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MARTINS VITORL, NEVES HERBERTR, MONJE IVONNEE, LEITE MARINAM, OLIVEIRA PAULOFDE, ANTONIASSI RODOLFOM, CHAUQUE SUSANA, MORAIS WILLIAMG, MELO EDUARDOC, OBANA THIAGOT, SOUZA BRENOL, TORRESI ROBERTOM. An Overview on the Development of Electrochemical Capacitors and Batteries – Part I. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 92:e20200796. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - HERBERT R. NEVES
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Catarinense Federal Institute for Education Science and Technology – IFC, Brazil
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233
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Singla R, Alex TC, Kumar R. On mechanical activation of glauconite: Physicochemical changes, alterations in cation exchange capacity and mechanisms. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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234
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Carta M, Colacino E, Delogu F, Porcheddu A. Kinetics of mechanochemical transformations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14489-14502. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01658f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To help understanding the mechanisms underlying mechanochemical transformations, we propose a kinetic model that relates macroscopic and microscopic scales while accounting for the statistical nature of the mechanical processing of powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carta
- Department of Mechanical
- Chemical and Materials Engineering
- University of Cagliari
- 09123 Cagliari
- Italy
| | | | - Francesco Delogu
- Department of Mechanical
- Chemical and Materials Engineering
- University of Cagliari
- 09123 Cagliari
- Italy
| | - Andrea Porcheddu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato (CA)
- Italy
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235
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Preparation of biomimetic composites of hydroxyapatite and star-shaped poly(2,2-dimethyl trimethylene carbonate)s terminated with carboxyl end-groups. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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236
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Mampuys P, McElroy CR, Clark JH, Orru RVA, Maes BUW. Thiosulfonates as Emerging Reactants: Synthesis and Applications. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Mampuys
- Organic Synthesis, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - C. R. McElroy
- Green Chemistry Centre of ExcellenceUniversity of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD U.K
| | - J. H. Clark
- Green Chemistry Centre of ExcellenceUniversity of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD U.K
| | - R. V. A. Orru
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)VU University Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - B. U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
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237
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He X, Ngo D, Kim SH. Mechanochemical Reactions of Adsorbates at Tribological Interfaces: Tribopolymerizations of Allyl Alcohol Coadsorbed with Water on Silicon Oxide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15451-15458. [PMID: 31390866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemical reactions of adsorbed molecules at tribological interfaces can benefit or impede lubrication, depending on the type of reactions induced by the interfacial shear or friction. Shear-induced polymerization of oxidatively chemisorbed organic species can occur at tribological interfaces, and their products can mitigate the wear of the surface in the case of the intermittent cessation of the lubricant supply. In contrast, tribochemical reactions involving water molecules impinging from the ambient air could facilitate surface wear. In this study, we investigated how such processes are affected when a silicon oxide surface is exposed to the environment containing both water and polymerizable organic molecules. For the polymerizable organic moiety, allyl alcohol was chosen because it is known to have a good tribopolymerization activity and can compete with water for surface adsorption sites. The adsorbate composition can be divided into two regimes: water-rich and alcohol-rich. The tribopolymerization yield was found to be significantly enhanced, compared to the alcohol-only case, in both water-rich and alcohol-rich regimes. The coadsorbed water molecules appeared to be incorporated into the tribopolymerization product of allyl alcohol. The friction coefficient qualitatively correlated with the tribopolymerization yield. Surprisingly, a small degree of surface wear was observed in the alcohol-rich regime, although wear was completely suppressed in the water-rich regime and the alcohol-only condition. These results suggested that the wear prevention effect does not necessarily correlate with the tribopolymerization effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Dien Ngo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Seong H Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
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238
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Jung SK, Hwang I, Chang D, Park KY, Kim SJ, Seong WM, Eum D, Park J, Kim B, Kim J, Heo JH, Kang K. Nanoscale Phenomena in Lithium-Ion Batteries. Chem Rev 2019; 120:6684-6737. [PMID: 31793294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical properties and performances of lithium-ion batteries are primarily governed by their constituent electrode materials, whose intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic properties are understood as the determining factor. As a part of complementing the intrinsic material properties, the strategy of nanosizing has been widely applied to electrodes to improve battery performance. It has been revealed that this not only improves the kinetics of the electrode materials but is also capable of regulating their thermodynamic properties, taking advantage of nanoscale phenomena regarding the changes in redox potential, solid-state solubility of the intercalation compounds, and reaction paths. In addition, the nanosizing of materials has recently enabled the discovery of new energy storage mechanisms, through which unexplored classes of electrodes could be introduced. Herein, we review the nanoscale phenomena discovered or exploited in lithium-ion battery chemistry thus far and discuss their potential implications, providing opportunities to further unveil uncharted electrode materials and chemistries. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the nanoscale phenomena presently employed in battery applications and suggest strategies to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Kyun Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Insang Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Young Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Mo Seong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggun Eum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooha Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byunghoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Heo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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239
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Free‐volume structure of polyvinylpyrrolidone‐capped glassy As
2
Se
3
nanocomposites prepared by mechanical milling. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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240
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Efficient Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Biomass Hemicellulose in the Absence of Bulk Water. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234206. [PMID: 31756935 PMCID: PMC6930478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Current enzymatic methods for hemicellulosic biomass depolymerization are solution-based, typically require a harsh chemical pre-treatment of the material and large volumes of water, yet lack in efficiency. In our study, xylanase (E.C. 3.2.1.8) from Thermomyces lanuginosus is used to hydrolyze xylans from different sources. We report an innovative enzymatic process which avoids the use of bulk aqueous, organic or inorganic solvent, and enables hydrolysis of hemicellulose directly from chemically untreated biomass, to low-weight, soluble oligoxylosaccharides in >70% yields.
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241
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Becker D, Klos M, Kickelbick G. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Mn 3O 4 Nanocrystals and Their Lithium Intercalation Capability. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15021-15024. [PMID: 31687822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of Mn3O4 involve either high sintering temperatures to produce well crystallized products or the use of water-soluble precursors, surfactants, and organic solvents to generate nanocrystalline products. Mechanochemical approaches are known to be effective in the preparation of fine-grained or nanoscaled materials, while also being environmentally friendly because no solvents and no sintering at high temperatures are required. We report the solvent free mechanochemical synthesis of Mn3O4 nanocrystals at room temperature, from a mixture of MnO and Mn2O3. The single-phase product was characterized by Rietveld refinement and SEM images. The obtained crystallite size was 14.2(2) nm, which is among the smallest ever produced crystallite sizes of Mn3O4. The obtained product reveals an enormous increase in lithium intercalation capability, which was proven via chemical lithium intercalation at room temperature. More than 50% lithiation of nanocrystalline Mn3O4 is observed after a reaction time of 1 h, while coarse-grained material from a solid-state reaction shows no intercalation under the same reaction conditions. Therefore, the produced manganese oxide has a high potential in lithium battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Becker
- Saarland University , Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry , Campus, Building C4 1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Michael Klos
- Saarland University , Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry , Campus, Building C4 1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Guido Kickelbick
- Saarland University , Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry , Campus, Building C4 1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
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242
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Amrute AP, Łodziana Z, Schreyer H, Weidenthaler C, Schüth F. High-surface-area corundum by mechanochemically induced phase transformation of boehmite. Science 2019; 366:485-489. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw9377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In its nanoparticulate form, corundum (α-Al2O3) could lead to several applications. However, its production into nanoparticles (NPs) is greatly hampered by the high activation energy barrier for its formation from cubic close-packed oxides and the sporadic nature of its nucleation. We report a simple synthesis of nanometer-sized α-Al2O3 (particle diameter ~13 nm, surface areas ~140 m2 g−1) by the mechanochemical dehydration of boehmite (γ-AlOOH) at room temperature. This transformation is accompanied by severe microstructural rearrangements and might involve the formation of rare mineral phases, diaspore and tohdite, as intermediates. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that this transformation is driven by the shift in stability from boehmite to α-Al2O3 caused by milling impacts on the surface energy. Structural water in boehmite plays a crucial role in generating and stabilizing α-Al2O3 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol P. Amrute
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Zbigniew Łodziana
- INP, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, PL- 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hannah Schreyer
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Claudia Weidenthaler
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ferdi Schüth
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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243
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Rounaghi SA, Eshghi H, Scudino S, Esmaeili E, Kiani-Rashid AR, Eckert J. Mechanochemical reaction of Al and melamine: a potential approach towards the in situ synthesis of aluminum nitride-carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22121-22131. [PMID: 31570913 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04577e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, an inexpensive solid-state mechanochemical technique is proposed for the in situ synthesis of nanostructured aluminum nitride (AlN) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs and nitrogen-doped CNTs are synthesized through a novel bottom-up milling approach in which melamine as the solid source of both carbon and nitrogen is milled with aluminum. However, the efficiency of CNT formation remarkably enhances when the milled powder is exposed to a subsequent heat treatment. The effect of various parameters such as milling media, aluminum-to-melamine molar ratio (Al/M), milling time and subsequent heating temperature on the yield and formation mechanism of the produced CNTs are assessed. A detailed characterization of the final products reveals that small amorphous carbon nitride domains resulting from polymerization of melamine molecules at the intermediate stages of milling are responsible for the synthesis of CNTs either during the milling or subsequent heat treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Amin Rounaghi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, 9719866981 Birjand, Iran.
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244
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Carta M, James SL, Delogu F. Phenomenological Inferences on the Kinetics of a Mechanically Activated Knoevenagel Condensation: Understanding the "Snowball" Kinetic Effect in Ball Milling. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193600. [PMID: 31591289 PMCID: PMC6803908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We focus on understanding the kinetics of a mechanically activated Knoevenagel condensation conducted in a ball mill, that is characterized by sigmoidal kinetics and the formation of a rubber-like cohesive intermediate state coating the milling ball. The previously described experimental findings are explained using a phenomenological kinetic model. It is assumed that reactants transform into products already at the very first collision of the ball with the wall of the jar. The portion of reactants that are transformed into products during each oscillation is taken to be a fraction of the amount of material that is trapped between the ball and the wall of the jar. This quantity is greater when the reaction mixture transforms from its initial powder form to the rubber-like cohesive coating on the ball. Further, the amount of reactants processed in each collision varies proportionally with the total area of the layer coating the ball. The total area of this coating layer is predicted to vary with the third power of time, thus accounting for the observed dramatic increase of the reaction rate. Supporting experiments, performed using a polyvinyl acetate adhesive as a nonreactive but cohesive material, confirm that the coating around the ball grows with the third power of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Stuart L James
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK.
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
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245
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Efficient Synthesis of Alkali Borohydrides from Mechanochemical Reduction of Borates Using Magnesium–Aluminum-Based Waste. METALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/met9101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lithium borohydride (LiBH4) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were synthesized via mechanical milling of LiBO2, and NaBO2 with Mg–Al-based waste under controlled gaseous atmosphere conditions. Following this approach, the results herein presented indicate that LiBH4 and NaBH4 can be formed with a high conversion yield starting from the anhydrous borates under 70 bar H2. Interestingly, NaBH4 can also be obtained with a high conversion yield by milling NaBO2·4H2O and Mg–Al-based waste under an argon atmosphere. Under optimized molar ratios of the starting materials and milling parameters, NaBH4 and LiBH4 were obtained with conversion ratios higher than 99.5%. Based on the collected experimental results, the influence of the milling energy and the correlation with the final yields were also discussed.
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246
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Streletskii AN, Kolbanev IV, Vorob’eva GA, Leonov AV, Borunova AB, Dubinskii AA. Mechanochemistry of Bi2O3. 1. Defect Structure and Reactivity of Mechanically Activated Bi2O3. COLLOID JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x19050168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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247
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Streletskii AN, Vorob’eva GA, Kolbanev IV, Leonov AV, Kirilenko VG, Grishin LI, Dolgoborodov AY. Mechanochemistry of Bi2O3. 2. Mechanical Activation and Thermal Reactions in a High-Energy Al + Bi2O3 System. COLLOID JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x19050156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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248
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Bell S, Terentjev EM. Unfolding of polymers tethered to viscoelastic substrates. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6885-6895. [PMID: 31415049 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01188a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The problem of globular polymer unfolding under applied force is a widely-studied fundamental topic in biological and chemical physics, with important applications in cell biology. Much of the existing theoretical and experimental literature focuses on the case where force is applied while fixing the opposite end of the polymer chain in space. However, in a realistic biological microenvironment, forces will be applied against viscoelastic references, and the deformation of the folded polymer chain will be combined with the deformation of viscoelastic substrate. In this paper, we consider several simple viscoelastic models for the substrate, and show that its relaxation properties determine the unfolding kinetics. In particular, for low pulling forces, substrates with longer relaxation times cause lower unfolding rates for the pulled polymer chain, whereas for high forces, those substrates with longer relaxation times instead produce higher unfolding rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bell
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Eugene M Terentjev
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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249
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Baláž M, Kudličková Z, Vilková M, Imrich J, Balážová Ľ, Daneu N. Mechanochemical Synthesis and Isomerization of N-Substituted Indole-3-carboxaldehyde Oximes †. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183347. [PMID: 31540034 PMCID: PMC6766794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing solution-phase oximation reactions with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH·HCl) carries significant risk, especially in aqueous solutions. In the present study, four N-substituted indole-3-carboxaldehyde oximes were prepared from the corresponding aldehydes by solvent-free reaction with NH2OH·HCl and a base (NaOH or Na2CO3) using a mechanochemical approach, thus minimizing the possible risk. In all cases, the conversion to oximes was almost complete. The focus of this work is on 1-methoxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde oxime, a key intermediate in the production of indole phytoalexins with useful antimicrobial properties. Under optimized conditions, it was possible to reach almost 95% yield after 20 min of milling. Moreover, for the products containing electron-donating substituents (-CH3, -OCH3), the isomerization from the oxime anti to syn isomer under acidic conditions was discovered. For the 1-methoxy analog, the acidic isomerization of pure isomers in solution resulted in the formation of anti isomer, whereas the prevalence of syn isomer was observed in solid state. From NMR data the syn and anti structures of produced oximes were elucidated. This work shows an interesting and possibly scalable alternative to classical synthesis and underlines environmentally friendly and sustainable character of mechanochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Baláž
- Department of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Kudličková
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Mária Vilková
- NMR Laboratory, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ján Imrich
- NMR Laboratory, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ľudmila Balážová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Nina Daneu
- Advanced Materials Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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250
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Ardila‐Fierro KJ, Bolm C, Hernández JG. Mechanosynthesis of Odd-Numbered Tetraaryl[n]cumulenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12945-12949. [PMID: 31265746 PMCID: PMC6773223 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A mechanochemical synthesis of one-dimensional carbon allotrope carbyne model compounds, namely tetraaryl[n]cumulenes (n=3, 5) was realized. Central for the mechanosynthesis of the cumulenic carbon nanostructures were the development of a mechanochemical Favorskii alkynylation-type reaction and the implementation of a solvent-free, acid-free reductive elimination with tin(II) chloride by ball milling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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