201
|
Della-Felice F, Zanini M, Jie X, Tan E, Echavarren AM. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Skipped Enynes via C(sp 3 )-H Alkynylation of Terminal Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5693-5698. [PMID: 33410209 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The RhIII -catalyzed allylic C-H alkynylation of non-activated terminal alkenes leads selectively to linear 1,4-enynes at room-temperature. The catalytic system tolerates a wide range of functional groups without competing functionalization at other positions. Similarly, the vinylic C-H alkynylation of α,β- and β,γ- unsaturated amides gives conjugated Z-1,3-enynes and E-enediynes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Della-Felice
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xiaoming Jie
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Piou T, Slutskyy Y, Kevin NJ, Sun Z, Xiao D, Kong J. Direct Arylation of Azoles Enabled by Pd/Cu Dual Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:1996-2001. [PMID: 33667104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A practical approach toward the synthesis of 2-arylazoles via direct arylation is described. The transformation relies on a Pd/Cu cocatalyst system that operates with low catalyst loadings. The reaction conditions were found to be tolerant of a wide range of functional groups and nitrogen-containing heterocycles commonly employed in a drug discovery setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Piou
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yuriy Slutskyy
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Nancy J Kevin
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhongxiang Sun
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dong Xiao
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jongrock Kong
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Zhong X, Lin S, Gao H, Liu FX, Zhou Z, Yi W. Rh(III)-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral C-H Activation/[3 + 2] Annulation of N-Phenoxy Amides with Propargylic Monofluoroalkynes. Org Lett 2021; 23:2285-2291. [PMID: 33657804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and redox-neutral Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation/[3 + 2] annulation of N-phenoxy amides with propargylic monofluoroalkynes has been realized to afford 3-alkylidene dihydrobenzofurans with an interesting α-quaternary carbon center. Combined experimental and computational mechanistic studies revealed that a Rh(III)-Rh(V)-Rh(III) catalytic pathway/uncatalyzed intramolecular [H···F] bonding-assisted SN2'-type substitution cascade might be involved in the catalytic cycle, thereby enabling an excellent site-/regioselectivity with broad substrate/functional group compatibility, including the complete retention of the highly strained cyclobutyl structure in the 3-position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Fu-Xiaomin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Zhang H, Xu M, Liu N, Yang F. Copper‐Catalyzed Remote C5‐Selective Chlorination of 8‐Amidoquinolines Using Sulfonyl Chlorides as Cl Source. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology. 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Miao Xu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology. 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology. 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Fanzhi Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology. 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
González JM, Cendón B, Mascareñas JL, Gulías M. Kinetic Resolution of Allyltriflamides through a Pd-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization with Allenes: Asymmetric Assembly of Tetrahydropyridines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3747-3752. [PMID: 33651598 PMCID: PMC8459456 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enantioenriched, six-membered azacycles are essential structural motifs in many products of pharmaceutical or agrochemical interest. Here we report a simple and practical method for enantioselective assembly of tetrahydropyridines, which is paired to a kinetic resolution of α-branched allyltriflamides. The reaction consists of a formal (4+2) cycloaddition between the allylamine derivatives and allenes and is initiated by a palladium(II)-catalyzed C-H activation process. Both the chiral allylamide precursors and the tetrahydropyridine adducts were successfully obtained in high yields, with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) and selectivity values of up to 127.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel González
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Borja Cendón
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Moisés Gulías
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Savary D, Baudoin O. Enantioselective Pd
0
‐Catalyzed C(sp
2
)–H Arylation for the Synthesis of Chiral Warped Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Savary
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Savary D, Baudoin O. Enantioselective Pd 0 -Catalyzed C(sp 2 )-H Arylation for the Synthesis of Chiral Warped Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5136-5140. [PMID: 33245173 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation-based ring-forming methods are a powerful approach for the construction of complex molecular architectures, especially those containing a congested stereocenter. Therefore, this strategy seems perfectly suited to address the synthesis of chiral polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and bowl-shaped molecules, which are important target molecules in the field of organic electronic materials. Herein, we describe an enantioselective Pd0 -catalyzed C(sp2 )-H arylation protocol for the synthesis of chiral fluoradenes and other warped molecules, which could serve to the bottom-up construction of chiral PAHs. The current approach relies on the use of chiral bifunctional phosphine-carboxylate ligands and delivers diverse polycyclic compounds in high yield and with good to excellent enantioselectivity. The chiroptical properties of the obtained products were investigated, and some of them were found to have a strong ellipticity and an emission band located in the visible region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Savary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
|
209
|
Provencher PA, Bay KL, Hoskin JF, Houk KN, Yu JQ, Sorensen EJ. Cyclization by C(sp 3)–H Arylation with a Transient Directing Group for the Diastereoselective Preparation of Indanes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip A. Provencher
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Katherine L. Bay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Chemistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John F. Hoskin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Chemistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Erik J. Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Harwood LA, Wong LL, Robertson J. Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution by Addition of Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A. Harwood
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Luet L. Wong
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research Ruo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jeremy Robertson
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research Ruo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Harwood LA, Wong LL, Robertson J. Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution by Addition of Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4434-4447. [PMID: 33037837 PMCID: PMC7986699 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic resolution using biocatalysis has proven to be an excellent complementary technique to traditional asymmetric catalysis for the production of enantioenriched compounds. Resolution using oxidative enzymes produces valuable oxygenated structures for use in synthetic route development. This Minireview focuses on enzymes which catalyse the insertion of an oxygen atom into the substrate and, in so doing, can achieve oxidative kinetic resolution. The Baeyer-Villiger rearrangement, epoxidation, and hydroxylation are included, and biological advancements in enzyme development, and applications of these key enantioenriched intermediates in natural product synthesis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A. Harwood
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Luet L. Wong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordInorganic Chemistry LaboratorySouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QRUK
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced ResearchRuo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial ParkJiangsu215123P. R. China
| | - Jeremy Robertson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced ResearchRuo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial ParkJiangsu215123P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Niggli NE, Baudoin O. Design of Chiral NHC‐Carboxylates as Potential Ligands for Pd‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Activation. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja E. Niggli
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Baruah B, Deb ML. Catalyst-free and additive-free reactions enabling C-C bond formation: a journey towards a sustainable future. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1191-1229. [PMID: 33480947 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the catalyst- and additive-free C-C bond forming reactions reported mostly from the year 2005 to date. C-C bond forming reactions are highly important as large and complex organic molecules can be derived from simpler ones via these reactions. On the other hand, catalyst- and additive-free reactions are economical, environmentally friendly and less sensitive to air/moisture, allow easy separation of products and are operationally simple. Hence, a large number of research articles have been published in this area. Though a few reviews are available on the catalyst-free organic reactions, most of them were published a few years ago. The current review excludes catalysts as well as additives and is specific to only C-C bond formation. Besides many organic name reactions, catalyst/additive-free C-H functionalizations, coupling reactions and UV-visible-light-promoted reactions are also discussed. Undoubtedly, the contents of this review will motivate readers to do more novel work in this area which will accelerate the journey towards a sustainable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, Pandu College, Guwahati-12, Assam, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
214
|
Dicken RD, Motta A, Marks TJ. Homoleptic Lanthanide Amide Catalysts for Organic Synthesis: Experiment and Theory. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D. Dicken
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Lam NYS, Wu K, Yu J. Advancing the Logic of Chemical Synthesis: C−H Activation as Strategic and Tactical Disconnections for C−C Bond Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Y. S. Lam
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Zorba LP, Vougioukalakis GC. The Ketone-Amine-Alkyne (KA2) coupling reaction: Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of quaternary propargylamines. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
217
|
Karlinskii BY, Ananikov VP. Catalytic C-H Functionalization of Unreactive Furan Cores in Bio-Derived Platform Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:558-568. [PMID: 33207076 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
C-H functionalization is one of the most convenient and powerful tools in the arsenal of modern chemistry, deservedly nominated as the "Holy Grail" of organic synthesis. A frequent disadvantage of this method is the need for harsh reaction conditions to carry out transformations of inert C-H bonds, which limits the possibility of its use for modifying less stable substrates. Biomass-derived furan platform chemicals, which have a relatively unstable aromatic furan core and highly reactive side chain substituents, are extremely promising and valuable organic molecules that are currently widely used in a variety of research and industrial fields. The high sensitivity of furan derivatives to acids, strong oxidants, and high temperatures significantly limits the use of classical methods of C-H functionalization for their modification. New methods of catalytic functionalization of non-reactive furan cores are urgently required to obtain a new generation of materials with controlled properties and potentially bioactive substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Y Karlinskii
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Akulov AA, Varaksin MV, Mampuys P, Charushin VN, Chupakhin ON, Maes BUW. C(sp 2)-H functionalization in non-aromatic azomethine-based heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:297-312. [PMID: 33026389 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01580f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Direct C(sp2)-H functionalization of the endocyclic azomethine and aldonitrone moieties in non-aromatic azaheterocycles has established itself as a promising methodology over the last decade. Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, α-metalation-electrophile quenching protocols, and (metal-free) nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen reactions (SNH) are the major routes applied on cyclic imines and their derivatives. In this overview, we show the tangible progress made in this area during the period from 2008 to 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Akulov
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Varaksin
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. and Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Pieter Mampuys
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Valery N Charushin
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. and Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Oleg N Chupakhin
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. and Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Jiang J, Yuan D, Ma C, Song W, Lin Y, Hu L, Zhang Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Regiospecific peri- and ortho-C-H Oxygenations of Polyaromatic Rings Mediated by Tunable Directing Groups. Org Lett 2021; 23:279-284. [PMID: 33352055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient divergent approach of Pd-catalyzed C-H oxygenation of polyaromatic rings is described. Reversible directing groups enable regiospecific peri- and ortho-oxygenation to readily access a wide array of polyaromatic phenols without pre- and postmanipulation of directing groups. The systematic mechanistic investigation, including deuterium-labeling experiments, palladacycle trapping, and DFT calculations, reveals that the tunable ligand-assisted C-H bond cleavage played a crucial role during the reaction process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Congzhe Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wanbin Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yaoyu Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Berger KJ, Levin MD. Reframing primary alkyl amines as aliphatic building blocks. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:11-36. [PMID: 33078799 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01807d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While primary aliphatic amines are ubiquitous in natural products, they are traditionally considered inert to substitution chemistry. This review highlights historical and recent advances in the field of aliphatic deamination chemistry which demonstrate these moieties can be harnessed as valuable C(sp3) synthons. Cross-coupling and photocatalyzed transformations proceeding through polar and radical mechanisms are compared with oxidative deamination and other transition metal catalyzed reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J Berger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
221
|
Zhuang Z, Herron AN, Liu S, Yu JQ. Rapid Construction of Tetralin, Chromane, and Indane Motifs via Cyclative C-H/C-H Coupling: Four-Step Total Synthesis of (±)-Russujaponol F. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:687-692. [PMID: 33395528 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of practical C-H/C-H coupling reactions remains a challenging yet appealing synthetic venture because it circumvents the need to prefunctionalize both coupling partners for the generation of C-C bonds. Herein we report a cyclative C(sp3)-H/C(sp2)-H coupling reaction of free aliphatic acids enabled by a cyclopentane-based mono-N-protected β-amino acid ligand. This reaction uses inexpensive sodium percarbonate (Na2CO3·1.5H2O2) as the sole oxidant and generates water as the only byproduct. A range of biologically important scaffolds, including tetralins, chromanes, and indanes, can be easily prepared by this protocol. Finally, the synthetic application of this methodology is demonstrated by the concise total synthesis of (±)-russujaponol F in a four-step sequence starting from readily available phenylacetic acid and pivalic acid through sequential functionalizations of four C-H bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Alastair N Herron
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Lou J, Han W, Liu Z, Xiao J. Rhodium-catalyzed enone carbonyl directed C–H activation for the synthesis of indanones containing all-carbon quaternary centers. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00056j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed enone carbonyl directed C–H activation/annulation of α-aroyl ketene dithioacetals with diazo compounds has been realized for the synthesis of β-quaternary indanones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Lou
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan 250353
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjia Han
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan 250353
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan 250353
- P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan 250353
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
223
|
Liu B, Yang L, Li P, Wang F, Li X. Recent advances in transition metal-catalyzed olefinic C–H functionalization. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01159b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances during 2015–2020 in the field of metal-catalyzed olefinic C–H functionalization are organized according to the metal center of the catalyst, with an emphasis on the similarities and differences among different catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingxian Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang 453007
| | - Lingyun Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang 453007
| | - Pengfei Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang 453007
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU)
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Xingwei Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang 453007
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Aneeja T, Neetha M, Afsina CMA, Anilkumar G. Recent advances and perspectives in manganese-catalyzed C–H activation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy02087g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Manganese-catalyzed C–H activation has become an emerging area in organic chemistry. These efficient and eco-friendly manganese catalysed reactions provides new opportunities in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC)
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Yang J, Liu C, Zhou H, Fan R, Ma B, Li Z. Visible-light-promoted α-methoxymethylation and aminomethylation of ketones with methanol as the C1 source. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5572-5576. [PMID: 34085081 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00765c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Visible-light-promoted α-methoxymethylation and aminomethylation of ketones using methanol as a sustainable C1 source have been developed. With rose bengal as the photosensitizer and air as the green oxidant, the methoxymethylation reactions proceeded smoothly under visible light irradiation at ambient temperature. Additionally, a one-pot one-step α-aminomethylation of ketones was achieved by adding N-nucleophiles. Preliminary mechanism studies suggest that the reaction mainly proceeds via a radical pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Cai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China. and College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Rundong Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Ben Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Qi WY, Fang SL, Xu XT, Zhang K, Shi BF. Asymmetric formal synthesis of (−)-tetrazomine. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric formal synthesis of (−)-tetrazomine, a structurally unique member of the tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Qi
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute(Jiangmen)
| | - Sheng-Long Fang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- 310027 China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute(Jiangmen)
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute(Jiangmen)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- 310027 China
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Feng X, Tian J, Sun Y, Hu H, Lu M, Kan Y, Fang D, Wang C. Weakly coordinating group directed rhodium-catalyzed unconventional site-selective C–H olefination of indolizines at the 8-position. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
228
|
An XD, Xiao J. Recent advances in hydride transfer-involved C(sp3)–H activation reactions. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01502d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent progresses (2016–2020) in the hydride transfer-enabled C(sp3)–H activation according to the reaction types, categorized into the intramolecular/intermolecular C(sp3)–H functionalization, and hydride reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-De An
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Jian Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
- College of Marine Science and Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Mingo MM, Rodríguez N, Arrayás RG, Carretero JC. Remote C(sp 3)–H functionalization via catalytic cyclometallation: beyond five-membered ring metallacycle intermediates. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite impressive recent momentum gained in C(sp3)–H activation, achieving high regioselectivity in molecules containing different C–H bonds with similar high energy without abusing tailored substitution remains as one of the biggest challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Martínez Mingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodríguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Ramón Gómez Arrayás
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Juan C. Carretero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Cao XT, Wei SN, Sun HT, Li M, Zheng ZL, Wang G. Iridium-catalyzed regioselective C–H sulfonamidation of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with sulfonyl azides in water. RSC Adv 2021; 11:22000-22004. [PMID: 35480792 PMCID: PMC9034132 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04450h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a regioselective C–N cross-coupling of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with sulfonyl azides through iridium catalysis in water. This method tactically linked the 1,2,4-thiadiazoles and sulfonamides together, and the novel molecules increased the diversity of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles which may have potential applications. We have developed a regioselective C–N cross-coupling of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with sulfonyl azides through iridium catalysis in water.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Ting Cao
- College of Medical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials
- Jining Medical University
- Jining
- China
| | - Su-Ning Wei
- College of Medical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials
- Jining Medical University
- Jining
- China
| | - Hao-Tian Sun
- College of Medical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials
- Jining Medical University
- Jining
- China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Medical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials
- Jining Medical University
- Jining
- China
| | - Zuo-Ling Zheng
- College of Medical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials
- Jining Medical University
- Jining
- China
| | - Guannan Wang
- College of Medical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials
- Jining Medical University
- Jining
- China
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Becerra‐Ruiz M, Galdámez A, Modak B, Vilches‐Herrera(s) M. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spirodihydrobenzofuran Analogues of the Natural Product Filifolinol. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Becerra‐Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Chile Las Palmeras 3425 Ñuñoa Santiago de Chile
| | - Antonio Galdámez
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Chile Las Palmeras 3425 Ñuñoa Santiago de Chile
| | - Brenda Modak
- Department of Material Sciences Faculty of Chemistry and Biology University of Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363 Estación Central Chile
| | - Marcelo Vilches‐Herrera(s)
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Chile Las Palmeras 3425 Ñuñoa Santiago de Chile
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Bagdi AK, Pattanayak P, Paul S, Mitra M, Choudhuri T, Sheikh AS. Application of Conjugated Carbonyls in the Synthesis of Heterocycles via Oxidative Cycloaddition and Cyclization Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avik Kumar Bagdi
- Department of Chemistry University of Kalyani Kalyani 741235 India
| | | | - Suvam Paul
- Department of Chemistry University of Kalyani Kalyani 741235 India
| | - Mousree Mitra
- Department of Chemistry University of Kalyani Kalyani 741235 India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
233
|
Chan NH, Gair JJ, Roy M, Qiu Y, Wang DS, Durak LJ, Chen L, Filatov AS, Lewis JC. Insight into the Scope and Mechanism for Transmetalation of Hydrocarbyl Ligands on Complexes Relevant to C–H Activation. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie H. Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Joseph J. Gair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yehao Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Duo-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Landon J. Durak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jared C. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Dinda E, Bhunia SK, Jana R. Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions for Annulative π -Extension of Indoles to Carbazoles through C–H Bond Activation. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200817170058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The annulative π-extension (APEX) reactions through C-H bond activation has
tremendous potential to access fused aromatic systems from relatively simple aromatic
compounds in a single step. This state-of-the-art technique has the ability to streamline the
synthesis of functionalized materials useful in material science, biomedical research, agroand
pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, C-H activation strategy does not require prefunctionalization
steps, which allows for the late-stage modification of the functional
molecule with requisite molecular properties. Owing to their unique photophysical properties,
carbazoles are widely used in photovoltaic cells, biomedical imaging, fluorescent
polymer, etc. It is also ubiquitously found in many natural products, agrochemicals and
privileged medicinal scaffolds. Hence, direct conversion of easily accessible indole to carbazole
remains an active research area. In the last decades, significant advancement has
been made to access carbazole moiety directly from indole through cascade C-H activation. The underlying
mechanism behind this cascade π-extension strategy is the facile electrophilic metalation at the C-3 position of
the indole moiety, 1,2- migration and electro cyclization. In this review, we will discuss recent literature reports
for the palladium-catalyzed π-extension of indole to carbazole moiety through C-H bond activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Dinda
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata-700107, India
| | - Samir Kumar Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, Midnapore College (autonomous), Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIRIndian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Ni S, Hribersek M, Baddigam SK, Ingner FJL, Orthaber A, Gates PJ, Pilarski LT. Mechanochemical Solvent‐Free Catalytic C−H Methylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matic Hribersek
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Swarna K. Baddigam
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström Laboratories Uppsala University Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close, Clifton Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Lukasz T. Pilarski
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Zhang C, Qiu Y, Zhang J, Chen L, Xu S, Guo H, Luo J, Tan Y. CAN‐mediated Oxidative Coupling‐Reaction of Xanthenes with Enaminones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- College of Chemistry Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Guandu Road Maoming 525000 P. R. China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Shuting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Huosheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Jian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| | - Yao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Yichun University 576 Xuefu Road Yichun 336000 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Tian S, Luo T, Zhu Y, Wan JP. Recent advances in the diversification of chromones and flavones by direct C H bond activation or functionalization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
238
|
Thesmar P, Coomar S, Prescimone A, Häussinger D, Gillingham D, Baudoin O. Divergent Synthesis of Bioactive Dithiodiketopiperazine Natural Products Based on a Double C(sp 3 )-H Activation Strategy. Chemistry 2020; 26:15298-15312. [PMID: 32852800 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This article provides a detailed report of our efforts to synthesize the dithiodiketopiperazine (DTP) natural products (-)-epicoccin G and (-)-rostratin A using a double C(sp3 )-H activation strategy. The strategy's viability was first established on a model system lacking the C8/C8' alcohols. Then, an efficient stereoselective route including an organocatalytic epoxidation was secured to access a key bis-triflate substrate. This bis-triflate served as the functional handles for the key transformation of the synthesis: a double C(sp3 )-H activation. The successful double activation opened access to a common intermediate for both natural products in high overall yield and on a multigram scale. After several unsuccessful attempts, this intermediate was efficiently converted to (-)-epicoccin G and to the more challenging (-)-rostratin A via suitable oxidation/reduction and protecting group sequences, and via a final sulfuration that occurred in good yield and high diastereoselectivity. These efforts culminated in the synthesis of (-)-epicoccin G and (-)-rostratin A in high overall yields (19.6 % over 14 steps and 12.7 % over 17 steps, respectively), with the latter being obtained on a 500 mg scale. Toxicity assessments of these natural products and several analogues (including the newly synthesized epicoccin K) in the leukemia cell line K562 confirmed the importance of the disulfide bridge for activity and identified dianhydrorostratin A as a 20x more potent analogue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Thesmar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Seemon Coomar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dennis Gillingham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Lee SC, Son J, Kim JY, Eom H, Jang SB, Lee PH. Regioselective and Chemodivergent Synthesis of Azulenolactones and Azulenolactams from Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Reactions of Azulenecarboxamides with Sulfoxonium Ylides. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Cheol Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Yu Son
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonsik Eom
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Bin Jang
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- The Korean Academy of Science and Technology Seongnam 13630 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Liu W, Hong B, Wang J, Lei X. New Strategies in the Efficient Total Syntheses of Polycyclic Natural Products. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2569-2586. [PMID: 33136373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic natural products are an inexhaustible source of medicinal agents, and their complex molecular architecture renders challenging synthetic targets where innovative and effective approaches for their rapid construction are urgently required. The total synthesis of polycyclic natural products has witnessed exponential progression along with the emergence of new synthetic strategies and concepts, such as sequential C-H functionalizations, radical-based transformations, and functional group pairing strategies. Our group exerts continued interest in the construction of bioactive and structurally complex natural products as well as evaluation of the mode of action of these molecules. In this Account, we will showcase how these new synthetic strategies are employed and guide our total synthesis endeavors.During the last two decades, a series of remarkable advances in C-H functionalization have led to the emergence of many new approaches to directly functionalize C-H bonds into useful functional groups. These selective transformations have provided a great opportunity for the step- and atom-economical construction of key fragments in complex molecule synthesis. We recently furnished the total syntheses for polycyclic natural products: incarviatone A, chrysomycin A, polycarcin V, and gilvocarcin V by employing a multiple C-H bond functionalization strategy. The polysubstituted benzene or naphthalene skeleton was constructed through sequential and site-selective C-H functionalizations from readily available simple starting materials, which reduced the number of steps and streamlined synthesis.Recently, we have also completed the total syntheses for a number of skeletally diverse tetracyclic Isodon diterpenoids inspired by their biogenesis and radical-based retrosynthetic disconnections. Radical transformations are strategically and tactically utilized in our syntheses, and radical-based reactions, including organo-SOMO catalysis, Birch reduction, regioselective 1,6-dienyne reductive cyclization, visible-light-mediated Schenck ene reaction, and photoradical-mediated late-stage skeletal rearrangement, play significant roles in our synthetic endeavors. Protecting-group-free and scalable syntheses are also built into our work to achieve the "ideal" synthesis. Furthermore, our synthetic work reveals that late-stage skeletal rearrangement through a photo radical process is possible in a biological setting in complement with nature's carbocation chemistry in complex natural product biosynthesis.Lycopodium alkaloids are a large family of structurally unique polycyclic natural products with impressive biological activities. Owing to their fascinating polycyclic architectures and diverse biological activities, these alkaloids have continued to serve as targets as well as inspirations for the synthetic community for decades. To access these bioactive natural products or natural product-like molecules for biological exploration and drug discovery, we applied a novel functional group pairing strategy to furnish the total syntheses for several Lycopodium alkaloids and obtained numerous skeletally diverse compounds with structural complexity comparable to natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Benke Hong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Campana F, Massaccesi BM, Santoro S, Piermatti O, Vaccaro L. Polarclean/Water as a Safe and Recoverable Medium for Selective C2-Arylation of Indoles Catalyzed by Pd/C. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:16441-16450. [PMID: 33828930 PMCID: PMC8018292 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c05049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the use of nontoxic, water-miscible Polarclean as a safe dipolar aprotic solvent for the metal-catalyzed direct C2-H arylation of indoles using Pd/C as a catalyst. The developed method allows reaching excellent yields and regioselectivities, and it tolerates various substituents on both indole and diaryliodonium salt scaffolds. Polarclean is fully recoverable and reusable; it shows a very low leaching of the metal catalyst, allowing its complete recovery and reuse for at least six representative reaction runs.
Collapse
|
242
|
Sasmal S, Dutta U, Lahiri GK, Maiti D. Transition Metals and Transition Metals/Lewis Acid Cooperative Catalysis for Directing Group Assisted para-C–H Functionalization. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheuli Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Uttam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Bal A, Maiti S, Mal P. Intermolecular C‐Arylation of 2‐Amidobiphenyls Overcoming Intramolecular N‐Arylation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bal
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| | - Saikat Maiti
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda Odisha 752050 India
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Dhankhar J, González-Fernández E, Dong CC, Mukhopadhyay TK, Linden A, Čorić I. Spatial Anion Control on Palladium for Mild C-H Arylation of Arenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19040-19046. [PMID: 33125849 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
C-H arylation of arenes without the use of directing groups is a challenge, even for simple molecules, such as benzene. We describe spatial anion control as a concept for the design of catalytic sites for C-H bond activation, thereby enabling nondirected C-H arylation of arenes at ambient temperature. The mild conditions enable late-stage structural diversification of biologically relevant small molecules, and site-selectivity complementary to that obtained with other methods of arene functionalization can be achieved. These results reveal the potential of spatial anion control in transition-metal catalysis for the functionalization of C-H bonds under mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Dhankhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa González-Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chao-Chen Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tufan K Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ilija Čorić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Ghosh P, Ganguly B, Das S. N−H and C−H Functionalization of Sulfoximine: Recent Advancement and Prospects. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling 734013 West Bengal
| | - Bhaskar Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling 734013 West Bengal
| | - Sajal Das
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling 734013 West Bengal
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Lapuh MI, Mazeh S, Besset T. Chiral Transient Directing Groups in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective C–H Bond Functionalization. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Lapuh
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sara Mazeh
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
Zheng L, Hua R. Recent Advances in Construction of Polycyclic Natural Product Scaffolds via One-Pot Reactions Involving Alkyne Annulation. Front Chem 2020; 8:580355. [PMID: 33195069 PMCID: PMC7596902 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.580355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic scaffolds are omnipresent in natural products and drugs, and the synthetic strategies and methods toward construction of these scaffolds are of particular importance. Compared to simple cyclic ring systems, polycyclic scaffolds have higher structure complexity and diversity, making them suitable for charting broader chemical space, yet bringing challenges for the syntheses. In this review, we surveyed progress in the past decade on synthetic methods for polycyclic natural product scaffolds, in which the key steps are one-pot reactions involving intermolecular or intramolecular alkyne annulation. Synthetic strategies of selected polycyclic carbocycles and heterocycles with at least three fused, bridged, or spiro rings are discussed with emphasis on the synthetic efficiency and product diversity. Recent examples containing newly developed synthetic concepts or toolkits such as collective and divergent total synthesis, gold catalysis, C–H functionalization, and dearomative cyclization are highlighted. Finally, several “privileged synthetic strategies” for “privileged polycyclic scaffolds” are summarized, with discussion of remained challenges and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruimao Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
248
|
Cho YS, Kim HD, Kim E, Han SH, Han SB, Mishra NK, Jung YH, Jeong T, Kim IS. Direct Integration of Phthalazinone and Succinimide Scaffolds via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sun Cho
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Do Kim
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Euntaek Kim
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio & Drug Discovery Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bong Han
- Division of Bio & Drug Discovery Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Hoon Jung
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Taejoo Jeong
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Karageorgis G, Liver S, Nelson A. Activity-Directed Synthesis: A Flexible Approach for Lead Generation. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1776-1782. [PMID: 32734671 PMCID: PMC7589241 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Activity-directed synthesis (ADS) is a structure-blind, functional-driven molecular discovery approach. In this Concept, four case studies highlight the general applicability of ADS and showcase its flexibility to support different medicinal chemistry strategies. ADS deliberately harnesses reactions with multiple possible outcomes, and allows many chemotypes to be evaluated in parallel. Resources are focused on bioactive molecules, which emerge in tandem with associated synthetic routes. Some of the future challenges for ADS are highlighted, including the realisation of an autonomous molecular discovery platform. The prospects for ADS to become a mainstream lead generation approach are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Karageorgis
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
| | - Samuel Liver
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Rosalind Franklin InstituteHarwell CampusDidcotOX11 0FAUK
| | - Adam Nelson
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Rosalind Franklin InstituteHarwell CampusDidcotOX11 0FAUK
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Li Y, Cheng XF, Fei F, Wu TR, Bian KJ, Zhou X, Wang XS. Palladium(II)-catalyzed asymmetric C-H carbonylation to diverse isoquinoline derivatives bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11605-11608. [PMID: 32869786 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinolines bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center, was achieved via asymmetric C-H activation with high enantioselectivities (up to 93% ee). Fair substrate tolerance was indicated throughout the scope investigation and no evident loss of enantioselectivity was exhibited in late-stage derivatization. This study provides incentives for the construction of diverse chiral isoquinoline derivatives, which are prevalent among pharmaceuticals, natural products, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Xiu-Fen Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Fan Fei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Tian-Rui Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Kang-Jie Bian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Xi-Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| |
Collapse
|