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Orfila D, Tiberti L. ATRESIA CONGÉNITA DEL OÍDO Y SU MANEJO. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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202
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Bianchin G, Polizzi V, Formigoni P, Russo C, Tribi L. Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Cochlear Implantation: Enlarged Cochlear versus Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct (Common Cavity Excluded). Int J Otolaryngol 2016; 2016:6591684. [PMID: 27847516 PMCID: PMC5101390 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6591684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To share our experience of cerebrospinal fluid gusher in cochlear implantation in patients with enlarged cochlear or vestibular aqueduct. Study Design. Case series with comparison and a review of the literature. Methods. A retrospective study was performed. Demographic and radiological results of patients with enlarged cochlear aqueduct or enlarged vestibular aqueduct in 278 consecutive cochlear implant recipients, including children and adults, were evaluated between January 2000 and December 2015. Results. Six patients with enlarged cochlear aqueduct and eight patients with enlarged vestibular aqueduct were identified. Cerebrospinal fluid gusher occurs in five subjects with enlarged cochlear aqueduct and in only one case of enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Conclusion. Based on these findings, enlarged cochlear aqueduct may be the best risk predictor of cerebrospinal fluid gusher at cochleostomy during cochlear implant surgery despite enlarged vestibular aqueduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bianchin
- Otorhinolaryngology and Audiology Department, ASMN-IRCCS Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valeria Polizzi
- Otorhinolaryngology and Audiology Department, ASMN-IRCCS Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Formigoni
- Otorhinolaryngology and Audiology Department, ASMN-IRCCS Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carmela Russo
- Otorhinolaryngology and Audiology Department, ASMN-IRCCS Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tribi
- Otorhinolaryngology and Audiology Department, ASMN-IRCCS Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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203
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Digge P, Solanki RN, Shah DC, Vishwakarma R, Kumar S. Imaging Modality of Choice for Pre-Operative Cochlear Imaging: HRCT vs. MRI Temporal Bone. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:TC01-TC04. [PMID: 27891421 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18033.8592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital inner ear malformations occur as a result of the arrest or aberrance of inner ear development due to the heredity, gene mutation or other factors. Ever since the availability of cochlear implants, pre-operative evaluation by imaging of temporal bone has gained much attention. Precise selection of the candidate for cochlear implant dependent on preoperative radiological investigations. Only CT (Computed Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) can provide a better picture of anatomy and pathology. AIM To compare pre-operative imaging findings of both MRI and High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) temporal bone and to find the best modality of choice in patients with bilateral profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective, longitudinal, observational study conducted between June 2010 to November 2012. A total of 144 temporal bones were evaluated in 72 children with bilateral profound SNHL with congenital inner ear malformations. Each temporal bone was considered as a single case (144 cases). All the patients underwent HRCT and high field MRI study. MRI study included T2 W axial 3D FIESTA (Fast Imaging Employing Steady-state Acquisition) sequence. Anatomic abnormalities in each temporal bone were described and noted. For complete and better evaluation of Vestibulo-Cochlear Nerve (VCN) additional 3D oblique parasagittal view was taken perpendicular to the internal auditory canal with a small Field Of View (FOV). RESULTS HRCT and MRI allowed accurate detection of inner ear malformations in children with bilateral SNHL. Majority of the patients presented with multiple structural abnormalities of inner ear. The common pathologies detected in the study were semicircular canal abnormality (89/144) followed by cochlear abnormalities (39/144). Most common cochlear abnormality was Mondini's deformity (14/144). MRI demonstrated absent of vestibulo-cochlear nerve in 15 cases. CONCLUSION Few abnormalities of inner ear are better illustrated on CT, while others are better showed on MRI. Hence, neither HRCT nor MRI of the brain and temporal bones appears to be adequate imaging modality rather they are complementary to each other for pre-operative imaging of cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Digge
- Senior Resident, Department of Radiology, Kasturba Medical College , Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajendra N Solanki
- Ex-Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, B J Medical College and Civil Hospital , Ahmedabad, India
| | - Dipali C Shah
- Professor, Department of Radiology, B J Medical College and Civil Hospital , Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rajesh Vishwakarma
- Professor, Department of ENT, B J Medical College and Civil Hospital , Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Kasturba Medical College , Manipal, Karnataka, India
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204
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Loos E, Verhaert N, Willaert A, Devriendt K, Swillen A, Hermans R, Op de Beeck K, Hens G. Malformations of the middle and inner ear on CT imaging in 22q11 deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2975-2983. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Loos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Nicolas Verhaert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, ExpORL, KU Leuven; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Annelore Willaert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Ann Swillen
- Centre for Human Genetics; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Robert Hermans
- Department of Radiology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Katya Op de Beeck
- Department of Radiology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Greet Hens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, ExpORL, KU Leuven; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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205
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de Paula-Vernetta C, Muñoz-Fernández N, Mas-Estellés F, Guzmán-Calvete A, Cavallé-Garrido L, Morera-Pérez C. Malformation of the Eighth Cranial Nerve in Children. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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206
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Ho ML, Moonis G, Halpin CF, Curtin HD. Spectrum of Third Window Abnormalities: Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Beyond. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 38:2-9. [PMID: 27561833 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Third window abnormalities are defects in the integrity of the bony structure of the inner ear, classically producing sound-/pressure-induced vertigo (Tullio and Hennebert signs) and/or a low-frequency air-bone gap by audiometry. Specific anatomic defects include semicircular canal dehiscence, perilabyrinthine fistula, enlarged vestibular aqueduct, dehiscence of the scala vestibuli side of the cochlea, X-linked stapes gusher, and bone dyscrasias. We discuss these various entities and provide key examples from our institutional teaching file with a discussion of symptomatology, temporal bone CT, audiometry, and vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Ho
- From the Department of Radiology (M.-L.H.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - G Moonis
- Department of Radiology (G.M.), Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - H D Curtin
- Radiology (H.D.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts
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207
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Temporal High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Congenital Inner Ear Anomalies in Children. J Craniofac Surg 2016; 27:e632-e636. [PMID: 27513780 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000002981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging plays an important role in determining indications of cochlear implantation and choosing candidates for the procedure in children. Temporal high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can display precisely the complex anatomic structure of inner ear. Although HRCT permits detailed imaging of bony structures, MRI gives valuable information about membranous labyrinth, internal acoustic canal, and vestibulocochlear nerve. Magnetic resonance imaging examination of the brain should be performed at the same time to evaluate any coexistent brain parenchymal abnormality. These imaging modalities are complementary methods in evaluating congenital inner ear anomalies. The aim of this pictorial essay is to reviewing temporal HRCT and MRI findings of congenital inner ear anomalies.
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208
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Wasson JD, Briggs RJS. Contemporary surgical issues in paediatric cochlear implantation. Int J Audiol 2016; 55 Suppl 2:S77-87. [DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2016.1184765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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209
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Patnaik U, Sikka K, Agarwal S, Kumar R, Thakar A, Sharma SC. Cochlear re-implantation: lessons learnt and the way ahead. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:564-7. [PMID: 26898701 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1136430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Conclusion A cochlear re-implantation procedure is undesirable; however, the cochlear implant surgeon may have to perform a re-implantation procedure occasionally for various reasons. Following standard techniques, implant performance comparable with primary implantation may be achieved. Objective To study the causes and outcomes of cochlear re-implantation in an Asian Indian population. Study design Retrospective analysis of clinical charts over an 18-year period with prospective follow-up of patients. Methods The charts of 534 patients, who underwent cochlear implant, at an Otorhinolaryngology institutional Centre, from January 1997 to January 2015 were studied. Of these, the charts of 18 patients who underwent cochlear re-implantation were studied. The causes and audiological and speech outcomes were analysed. Results Eighteen patients (3.4%) underwent cochlear re-implantation for various reasons. The commonest indication was device failure in seven patients (39%), followed by electrode extrusion in five (28%), trauma in three (11%), electrode migration in two (11%) and improper electrode placement in one (6%) patient. The audiological performance tests and speech tests either remained the same or improved from those achieved for patients undergoing primary implantation, in 87% patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Patnaik
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences & Army Hospital, Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Sikka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences & Army Hospital, Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivani Agarwal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences & Army Hospital, Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences & Army Hospital, Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Thakar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences & Army Hospital, Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Suresh C. Sharma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences & Army Hospital, Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
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Diab KM, Daikhes NA, Suleimanov YB, Kondratchikov DS, Yusifov KD, Siraeva AR. [Optimization of the approach to the spiral (Rosenthal's) canal of the cochlea in the patients presenting with cochlear-vestibular abnormalities]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2016; 81:23-25. [PMID: 27213650 DOI: 10.17116/otorino201681223-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to improve the effectiveness of cochlear implantation (CI) in the patients presenting with cochlear-vestibular abnormalities based on the development and practical application of the algorithm for the insertion of an electrode arrayinto the spiral (Rosenthal's) canal of the cochlea taking into consideration the specific anatomical features of the middle and inner ears. The study included 25 patients with congenital malformations of the inner ear and bilateral grade IV sensorineural loss of hearing or deafness selected for CI. Indications for drilling a cochleostomy were the high localizationof the jugular bulb and the absence of its bone wall (5 patients, 20%). In the remaining cases, it proved possible to identify the round window and perform the transmembrane insertion of the active electrode. In 15 (69%) patients, the surgical intervention provoked intraoperative leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid that was successfully stopped by the careful tamponade of either the cochleostoma or the round window niche with the use of an automuscular flap. Taken together, good visualization of the round window and the transmembrane insertion of the active electrode into the spiral (Rosenthal's) canal of the cochlea in the patients presenting with cochlear-vestibular abnormalities made it possible to reduce to a minimum the injury to the spiral organ of the cochlea, control liquorrhea, and improve auditory performance in the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kh M Diab
- State Scientific Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia, 125310
| | - N A Daikhes
- State Scientific Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia, 125310
| | - Yu B Suleimanov
- State Scientific Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia, 125310
| | - D S Kondratchikov
- State Scientific Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia, 125310
| | - K D Yusifov
- State Scientific Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia, 125310
| | - A R Siraeva
- State Scientific Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia, 125310
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211
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ROR1 is essential for proper innervation of auditory hair cells and hearing in humans and mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5993-8. [PMID: 27162350 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522512113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair cells of the inner ear, the mechanosensory receptors, convert sound waves into neural signals that are passed to the brain via the auditory nerve. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern the development of hair cell-neuronal connections. We ascertained a family with autosomal recessive deafness associated with a common cavity inner ear malformation and auditory neuropathy. Via whole-exome sequencing, we identified a variant (c.2207G>C, p.R736T) in ROR1 (receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1), cosegregating with deafness in the family and absent in ethnicity-matched controls. ROR1 is a tyrosine kinase-like receptor localized at the plasma membrane. At the cellular level, the mutation prevents the protein from reaching the cellular membrane. In the presence of WNT5A, a known ROR1 ligand, the mutated ROR1 fails to activate NF-κB. Ror1 is expressed in the inner ear during development at embryonic and postnatal stages. We demonstrate that Ror1 mutant mice are severely deaf, with preserved otoacoustic emissions. Anatomically, mutant mice display malformed cochleae. Axons of spiral ganglion neurons show fasciculation defects. Type I neurons show impaired synapses with inner hair cells, and type II neurons display aberrant projections through the cochlear sensory epithelium. We conclude that Ror1 is crucial for spiral ganglion neurons to innervate auditory hair cells. Impairment of ROR1 function largely affects development of the inner ear and hearing in humans and mice.
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212
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Saeed H, Powell HRF, Saeed SR. Cochlear implantation in X-linked deafness - How to manage the surgical challenges. Cochlear Implants Int 2016; 17:178-183. [PMID: 27142359 DOI: 10.1080/14670100.2016.1180018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE In children with X-linked deafness, cochlear malformations challenge the implant surgeon to avoid electrode insertion into the internal auditory meatus and prevent a continuous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. We describe our experience of cochlear implantation (CI) in two children with profound hearing loss secondary to X-linked deafness, highlighting safer operative techniques to avoid potential complications. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Descriptive cases of two children with X-linked deafness (patient 1 and patient 2) undergoing CI. Peri-operative imaging and work-up to surgery are discussed. Specific operative considerations, post-operative complications and subsequent audiological performance are highlighted. TECHNIQUE In each case, intra-operative fluoroscopic imaging ensured intra-cochlear insertion of electrodes. Expected CSF gusher was seen in each case which was initially controlled by packing around the cochleostomy and array with temporalis muscle and fascia. Patient 1 developed post-operative meningitis secondary to continuous CSF leak. We avoided further significant CSF leak by planning staged procedures for patient 2, with obliteration of the middle ear cleft and external ear canal (EAC) at the time of implantation. In both patients, bilateral implantation successfully provided hearing thresholds of less than 35 dB in both ears at routine follow up. CONCLUSIONS When planning for CI in children with radiological features of X-linked deafness, intra-operative imaging should be utilized to ensure correct electrode positioning. Traditional methods of stopping a CSF gusher may not suffice. We therefore encourage additional surgical obliteration of the middle ear space and EAC to avoid persistent CSF leak and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Saeed
- a Department of Ear Nose and Throat Surgery , Tameside General Hospital , Fountain Street, Ashton-under-Lyne OL6 9RW , UK
| | - Harry R F Powell
- b Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, University College London Hospitals , UK
| | - Shakeel R Saeed
- b Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, University College London Hospitals , UK
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213
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de Paula-Vernetta C, Muñoz-Fernández N, Mas-Estellés F, Guzmán-Calvete A, Cavallé-Garrido L, Morera-Pérez C. Malformation of the eighth cranial nerve in children. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2016; 67:275-81. [PMID: 27055380 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Prevalence of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is approximately 1.5-6 in every 1,000 newborns. Dysfunction of the auditory nerve (auditory neuropathy) may be involved in up to 1%-10% of cases; hearing losses because of vestibulocochlear nerve (VCN) aplasia are less frequent. The objectives of this study were to describe clinical manifestations, hearing thresholds and aetiology of children with SNHL and VCN aplasia. METHODOLOGY We present 34 children (mean age 20 months) with auditory nerve malformation and profound HL taken from a sample of 385 children implanted in a 10-year period. We studied demographic characteristics, hearing, genetics, risk factors and associated malformations (Casselman's and Sennaroglu's classifications). Data were processed using a bivariate descriptive statistical analysis (P<.05). RESULTS Of all the cases, 58.8% were bilateral (IIa/IIa and I/I were the most common). Of the unilateral cases, IIb was the most frequent. Auditory screening showed a sensitivity of 77.4%. A relationship among bilateral cases and systemic pathology was observed. We found a statistically significant difference when comparing hearing loss impairment and patients with different types of aplasia as defined by Casselman's classification. Computed tomography (CT) scan yielded a sensitivity of 46.3% and a specificity of 85.7%. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was the most sensitive imaging test. CONCLUSIONS Ten percent of the children in a cochlear implant study had aplasia or hypoplasia of the auditory nerve. The degree of auditory loss was directly related to the different types of aplasia (Casselman's classification) Although CT scan and MRI are complementary, the MRI is the test of choice for detecting auditory nerve malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noelia Muñoz-Fernández
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Fernando Mas-Estellés
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Abel Guzmán-Calvete
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Laura Cavallé-Garrido
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
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Oonk AMM, Huygen PLM, Kunst HPM, Kremer H, Pennings RJE. Features of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing impairment: a review to serve as a reference. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 41:487-97. [PMID: 26474130 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-syndromic sensorineural hearing impairment is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion in 75-85% of cases. To date, 61 genes with this type of inheritance have been identified as related to hearing impairment, and the genetic heterogeneity is accompanied by a large variety of clinical characteristics. Adequate counselling on a patient's hearing prognosis and rehabilitation is part of the diagnosis on the genetic cause of hearing impairment and, in addition, is important for the psychological well-being of the patient. TYPE OF REVIEW Traditional literature review. DATA SOURCE All articles describing clinical characteristics of the audiovestibular phenotypes of identified genes and related loci have been reviewed. CONCLUSION This review aims to serve as a summary and a reference for counselling purposes when a causative gene has been identified in a patient with a non-syndromic autosomal recessively inherited sensorineural hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M M Oonk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - P L M Huygen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H P M Kunst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R J E Pennings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing & Genes, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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215
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Suarez H, Ferreira E, Alonso R, Arocena S, San Roman C, Herrera T, Lapilover V. Postural responses applied in a control model in cochlear implant users with pre-lingual hearing loss. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:344-50. [PMID: 26824633 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1113558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Conclusions The assessment of postural responses (PR) based in a feedback control system model shows selective gains in different bands of frequencies adaptable with child development. Objective PR characterization of pre-lingual cochlear implant users (CIU) in different sensory conditions. Methods Total energy consumption of the body's center of pressure signal (ECCOP) and its distribution in three bands of frequencies: band 1 (0-0.1 Hz), band 2 (0.1-0.7 Hz), and band 3 (0.7-20 Hz) was measured in a sample of 18 CIU (8-16 years old) and in a control group (CG) (8-15 years old). They were assessed in a standing position on a force platform in two sensory conditions: 1 = Eyes open. 2 = Eyes closed and standing on foam. Results In condition 1, total ECCOP of PR and its proportion of energy consumption in the three bands of frequencies were similar between CIU and CG (p > 0.05). In condition 2, CIU have significantly higher ECCOP, mainly in high frequencies (bands 2 and 3) (p < 0.05). ECCOP values decreased with age also, mainly in bands 2 and 3. This behavior is interpreted in the control system model proposed as an adaptation process related with child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamlet Suarez
- a Laboratory of Otoneurology , British Hospital , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Enrique Ferreira
- b Department of Electrical Engineering , Universidad Catolica Del Uruguay , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Rafael Alonso
- c Department of Quantitative Methods, Facultad De Medicina UDELAR , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Sofia Arocena
- a Laboratory of Otoneurology , British Hospital , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Cecilia San Roman
- a Laboratory of Otoneurology , British Hospital , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Tamara Herrera
- a Laboratory of Otoneurology , British Hospital , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Valeria Lapilover
- a Laboratory of Otoneurology , British Hospital , Montevideo , Uruguay
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Transcanal Endoscopic Management of Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea Secondary to Congenital Inner Ear Malformations. Otol Neurotol 2016; 37:62-5. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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217
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Zhou Y, Qing J, Dong Y, Nie J, Li J, Wang C, Liu Y, Peng T, Duan M, Liu X, Xie D. The role of transcription factors of neurosensory cells in non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss with or without inner ear malformation. Acta Otolaryngol 2015; 136:277-82. [PMID: 26634621 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1109706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have stated the roles and correlation of the four TFs (Sox2, Atoh1, Neurog1, and Neurod1) in the development of neurosensory cells. but whether they are inherited pathogenic factors to cause non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss is unknown so far. This is the first time for screening the Sox2, Atoh1, Neurog1, and Neurod1 genes in children with NSHL. The c.133A > G in Neurod1 gene is a polymorphism, which is not associated with NSHL. Although these genes are the recognized TFs for modulating the development and transformation of NSCs, they may not be the inherited pathogenic factors to cause congenital severe or profound NSHL directly. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the transcription factors (TFs) for the development of neurosensory cells (NSCs) and to explore the genetic etiology of congenital profound non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL). METHODS Children with NSHL, from multi-national and regional group, and control group were recruited to screen for the most common mutations for non-syndromic deafness among East Asian (mtDNA 12S rRNA: 1555A > G, 1494C > T; SLC26A4: IVS7-2 A > G, 2168 C > T). And mutational analysis of the coding regions in Sox2, Atoh1 and Neurog1, Neurod1 genes were performed. RESULTS Only the c.133A > G (p. Ala45Thr) in the Neurod1 gene was detected in this study. The allele frequencies of this variant were 88.00% and 84.88% in the inner ear malformation group and the normal inner ear group, respectively, while 90.85% of children in the control group carried c.133A > G. This variant existed in every group commonly and had no significant difference among them. No variant in the other two TFs was detected in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Jie Qing
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Yunpeng Dong
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Jin Nie
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Jingkun Li
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Yuyuan Liu
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Tao Peng
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
| | - Maoli Duan
- b Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurotology and Audiology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
- c Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Dinghua Xie
- a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Institute of Otology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , PR China
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218
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Life-threatening unilateral hearing impairments. Review of the literature on the association between inner ear malformations and meningitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:1969-74. [PMID: 26453271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial meningitis is a life threatening disease that can be triggered by a CSF leak through an inner ear malformation. Early identification of the specific type of cochleovestibular dysplasia and the associated risk of meningitis is of vital importance. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review is to collect and discuss available data on the association between inner ear malformations and meningitis in children. METHODS Electronic databases were crosschecked for obtaining relevant papers published in the last 20 years, and further cases were identified by hand searching through the references. Demographic data were extracted from full texts, together with information on the severity of hearing impairment, the type of inner ear anomaly, the site of cerebrospinal fluid leak, the number of recurrent meningitis episodes. RESULTS Sixty-seven cases of meningitis related to inner ear malformation have been identified among 45 papers. Mean age at presentation is 3.60±3.00 (range 0.1-14) years. Average diagnostic delay from the first episode of meningitis is 3.44±3.41 (range 0.00-10.00) years. The number of meningitis episodes that occurred before the correct diagnosis and definitive surgical treatment is 3.27±1.81 (range 1.00-10.00). Unilateral hearing impairment affects 70% of patients. Six patients had normal hearing at presentation. Two children are dead from inner-ear-malformation-related meningitis among reviewed reports. CONCLUSION A high number of paediatric patients carrying inner ear malformations, especially when associated with unilateral hearing impairment, could be at risk to develop recurrent bacterial meningitis. Universal newborn hearing screening programs should prompt a diagnostic work-up even in the case of unilateral hearing impairment, in order to prevent inner ear malformation-related meningitis.
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Choi JS, Betz J, Deal J, Contrera KJ, Genther DJ, Chen DS, Gispen FE, Lin FR. A Comparison of Self-Report and Audiometric Measures of Hearing and Their Associations With Functional Outcomes in Older Adults. J Aging Health 2015; 28:890-910. [PMID: 26553723 DOI: 10.1177/0898264315614006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate whether associations of hearing impairment (HI) with functional outcomes in older adults differ when using self-report versus pure-tone audiometry. METHOD We examined 1,669 participants ≥70 years in National Health and Examination Survey from 2005-2006 and 2009-2010 whose hearing was assessed by self-report and pure-tone audiometry. We explored functional outcomes associated with audiometric HI (low physical activity, poor physical functioning, and hospitalization). RESULTS In adjusted models, we found significant associations of audiometric HI with both subjective and objective outcomes (e.g., dichotomous HI with self-reported difficulty in activities of daily living [ADLs], odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.05, 2.06], and low accelerometer-measured physical activity, OR = 2.19, 95% CI [1.11, 4.34]). In contrast, self-reported HI was only associated with subjective outcomes and not with objective outcomes (e.g., dichotomous HI with difficulty in ADLs, OR = 1.63, 95% CI [1.12, 2.38], and low accelerometer-measured physical activity, OR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.66, 1.35]). DISCUSSION Results using self-reported hearing should not be considered representative of results using audiometry and may provide distinct aspects of HI in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua Betz
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Center on Aging & Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Frank R Lin
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Center on Aging & Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Young JY, Ryan ME, Young NM. Preoperative imaging of sensorineural hearing loss in pediatric candidates for cochlear implantation. Radiographics 2015; 34:E133-49. [PMID: 25208295 DOI: 10.1148/rg.345130083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear implantation is the only U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for children with marked bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. It provides auditory benefits that range from simple sound detection to substantial word understanding. Improved hearing through cochlear implantation has been demonstrated to enhance the rate of language acquisition, enable development of spoken language, and advance literacy in deaf children. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography both have roles in the preoperative assessment of inner-ear abnormalities, cochlear nerve deficiency, and variant anatomy that may affect the decision to implant and the prognosis for auditory improvement and increase the risk for complications. Most cochlear abnormalities may be successfully treated with cochlear implantation, but the presence of a cochlear malformation may increase the risk for intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage and postoperative bacterial meningitis. Eighth-nerve deficiency correlates with poor auditory outcomes and may affect eligibility for cochlear implantation. Another important consideration for implantation is the presence of labyrinthitis ossificans in some children with deafness resulting from bacterial meningitis, which may cause obstruction that limits electrode insertion. Anatomic variations of the facial nerve or middle-ear cavity, which are more common in syndromic patients, may also affect the surgical approach and make implantation difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Y Young
- From the Department of Radiology (J.Y.Y., M.E.R.) and Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery (N.M.Y.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Medical Imaging (J.Y.Y., M.E.R.) and Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology (N.M.Y.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611; and Knowles Hearing Center, School of Communication, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill (N.M.Y.)
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Nixon JN, Dempsey JC, Doherty D, Ishak GE. Temporal bone and cranial nerve findings in pontine tegmental cap dysplasia. Neuroradiology 2015; 58:179-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s00234-015-1604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Michel G, Espitalier F, Delemazure AS, Bordure P. Isolated lateral semicircular canal aplasia: Functional consequences. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2015; 133:199-201. [PMID: 26387614 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lateral semicircular canal aplasia is a malformation of the inner ear, usually associated with vestibular and cochlear malformations in the context of congenital malformation syndromes. We report a rare case of a young patient with isolated lateral semicircular canal aplasia and no associated vestibular symptoms. CLINICAL CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old man with no personal or family history presented with persistent unilateral tinnitus for three years with no associated vestibular symptoms. Moderate unilateral right sensorineural hearing loss was detected. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated isolated aplasia of the right lateral semicircular canal. Videonystagmography revealed right hyporeflexia. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were absent after stimulation on the right side and normal on the left side. DISCUSSION Although the morphological abnormalities appeared to be isolated on imaging, the patient presented functional signs of global cochlear, semicircular canal and otolithic lesions, probably related to a developmental disorder of the membranous labyrinth. Functional investigations must be performed in the presence of isolated semicircular canal aplasia, even when it is an incidental finding, to exclude more extensive labyrinthine lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Michel
- Service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU, 1, place A.-Ricordeau, BP 1005, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France.
| | - F Espitalier
- Service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU, 1, place A.-Ricordeau, BP 1005, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France
| | - A-S Delemazure
- Service de radiologie et d'imagerie médicale, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU, 1, place A.-Ricordeau, BP 1005, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France
| | - P Bordure
- Service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU, 1, place A.-Ricordeau, BP 1005, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recurrent meningitis resulting from a partial defect of the stapedial footplate is most frequently treated by complete obliteration of the inner ear. Herein, we report the use of a partial obliteration technique in which the fistula is plugged with a shaped incus. PATIENTS A 5-year-old girl and a 7-year-old boy who had congenital inner ear malformations both developed recurrent meningitis. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed soft tissue opacities between the mastoid air cells and the mesotympanum. Exploratory tympanotomies were performed, revealing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakages from fistulae at the stapes footplate in both patients. INTERVENTIONS In each case, the vestibule was partially obliterated with temporalis fascia and modified incus remnant. Bone dust and fibrin were also applied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence of CSF leakage and patient symptoms. RESULTS None of the patients exhibited vertigo or dizziness after surgery, and meningitis did not recur during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Compete obliteration of the inner ear space can be avoided by using this technique, thereby leaving room for future cochlear implantation in addition to reducing direct injury to the vestibular system.
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Kishimoto I, Moroto S, Fujiwara K, Harada H, Kikuchi M, Suehiro A, Shinohara S, Naito Y. Bilateral duplication of the internal auditory canal: a case with successful cochlear implantation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015. [PMID: 26209350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of bilateral duplication of the internal auditory canal (IAC). An 11-month-old girl with congenital profound hearing loss was referred to our hospital. Imaging evaluations revealed bilateral IAC duplication, which contained the facial and cochleovestibular nerves in one canal, but no nerves in the other. She underwent cochlear implantation. At 5 months after surgery her hearing thresholds with the cochlear implant are 40 and 45dB at 2000 and 4000Hz, respectively. Bilateral duplicated IAC is extremely rare, with seven cases reported in the literature. This case represents a previously unreported type of IAC duplication, and is the first case in which cochlear implantation was successfully performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Kishimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Saburo Moroto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keizo Fujiwara
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kikuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suehiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shogo Shinohara
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasushi Naito
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
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Erdağ TK, Kurtoğlu G. The 100 Most Cited Turkish Papers in the Otorhinolaryngology Journals of Web of Science. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 53:112-119. [PMID: 29391992 DOI: 10.5152/tao.2015.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to analyze the 100 most cited publications with Turkish origin in the Web of Science Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) journals. Methods The Web of Science database was searched in terms of citations for publications originating from Turkey in ORL journals since 1983. After the identification of the 100 most cited articles, analysis was performed for the first author, institution, city, publication type, subject related to subspecialty, and journals having the most cited articles. Moreover, the number of ORL publications and citations of countries was determined in descending order using the same database. Results A total of 3948 ORL articles with Turkish origin was identified. The number of citations was 181 for the first and 28 for the last in the 100 most cited articles. As there was more than one article with 28 citations, 101 articles were analyzed. The number of the articles was 76, 22, and 3 for the university, education/research, and state hospitals, respectively. Hacettepe University, Ankara Numune Hospital, and Gazi University were the three leading institutions having the most cited articles, and Ankara was the first city. While 98 of 101 articles were original research, the number of case reports and review articles were 2 and 1, respectively. Thirty-five articles were related to otology, 23 to pediatric ORL, 20 to rhinology and head and neck surgery, and 3 to facial plastic surgery. Laryngoscope, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology were the leading 3 journals with the most cited articles coming from Turkey. The evaluation of countries revealed that Turkey was among the first 10 countries in terms of number of ORL articles but fell behind for the number of citations. Conclusion This bibliometric study is the first one regarding the contribution of Turkish authors and institutions to ORL literature. Similar studies might be periodically repeated to determine national development in the field of ORL and place of Turkey in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Kemal Erdağ
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Kurtoğlu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
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Hernandez RN, Changa AR, Bassani L, Jyung RW, Liu JK. Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea and pseudomonal meningitis in a child with Mondini dysplasia: case report. Childs Nerv Syst 2015. [PMID: 26201554 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-015-2836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mondini dysplasia is a rare congenital inner ear malformation that presents with abnormal cochlear development with accompanied vestibular dilation and vestibular aqueduct enlargement. This dysfunctional anatomy provides the potential for sensorineural hearing deficits, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and severe cases of recurrent meningitis. METHODS We present the case of a child with Mondini dysplasia who presented with unilateral hearing loss and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea that was surgically repaired through a combined middle fossa/transmeatal middle ear approach to alleviate any recurrence of infection and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. RESULTS Postoperatively, the patient remained neurologically stable without any further CSF leakage. CSF cultures revealed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, a rare occurrence within the context of Mondini dysplasia. Retrograde bacterial spread from the external ear canal into the CSF space has been theorized as the possible pathogenesis of the resulting meningitis. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous antibiotics without any neurologic complications. CONCLUSIONS Although Mondini dysplasia is a rare malformation, the life-threatening sequelae of meningitis that can result from the dysfunctional anatomy makes it a condition that requires elevated clinical vigilance, especially when considering children with hearing loss associated with recurrent meningitis, otorrhea, or rhinorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nick Hernandez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 90 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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Hildrew DM, Ananth A, Rodriguez KH. A newborn with three cochlear turns: Case report and literature review. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:469-71. [PMID: 26308370 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives/Hypothesis: The human cochlea is most commonly considered to have two and a half turns. Although the causes of cochlear hypoplasia are well described, cochlear hyperplasia is a rarer entity that is poorly understood. We describe rare anatomic cochlear malformations identified in a 4-month-old male originally referred for evaluation after a failed newborn hearing screening. The full diagnostic evaluation, imaging findings, treatment, and follow-up are described in detail. Cochleae with three turns are an uncommon malformation that is not included in current classifications schemes and may represent a distinct type of anomaly not caused by developmental arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M Hildrew
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine
| | - Ashwin Ananth
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine
| | - Kimsey H Rodriguez
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A
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Electrophysiological Detection of Intracochlear Scalar Changing Perimodiolar Cochlear Implant Electrodes. Otol Neurotol 2015; 36:1166-71. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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229
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Sennaroglu L. Histopathology of inner ear malformations: Do we have enough evidence to explain pathophysiology? Cochlear Implants Int 2015; 17:3-20. [DOI: 10.1179/1754762815y.0000000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Cochlear Implant Outcomes and Genetic Mutations in Children with Ear and Brain Anomalies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:696281. [PMID: 26236732 PMCID: PMC4506828 DOI: 10.1155/2015/696281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background. Specific clinical conditions could compromise cochlear implantation outcomes and drastically reduce the chance of an acceptable development of perceptual and linguistic capabilities. These conditions should certainly include the presence of inner ear malformations or brain abnormalities. The aims of this work were to study the diagnostic value of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with sensorineural hearing loss who were candidates for cochlear implants and to analyse the anatomic abnormalities of the ear and brain in patients who underwent cochlear implantation. We also analysed the effects of ear malformations and brain anomalies on the CI outcomes, speculating on their potential role in the management of language developmental disorders. Methods. The present study is a retrospective observational review of cochlear implant outcomes among hearing-impaired children who presented ear and/or brain anomalies at neuroimaging investigations with MRI and HRCT. Furthermore, genetic results from molecular genetic investigations (GJB2/GJB6 and, additionally, in selected cases, SLC26A4 or mitochondrial-DNA mutations) on this study group were herein described. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis was conducted using statistical tests. Results. Between January 1, 1996 and April 1, 2012, at the ENT-Audiology Department of the University Hospital of Ferrara, 620 cochlear implantations were performed. There were 426 implanted children at the time of the present study (who were <18 years). Among these, 143 patients (64 females and 79 males) presented ear and/or brain anomalies/lesions/malformations at neuroimaging investigations with MRI and HRCT. The age of the main study group (143 implanted children) ranged from 9 months and 16 years (average = 4.4; median = 3.0). Conclusions. Good outcomes with cochlear implants are possible in patients who present with inner ear or brain abnormalities, even if central nervous system anomalies represent a negative prognostic factor that is made worse by the concomitant presence of cochlear malformations. Common cavity and stenosis of the internal auditory canal (less than 2 mm) are negative prognostic factors even if brain lesions are absent.
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Usefulness of MRI and EABR Testing for Predicting CI Outcomes Immediately After Cochlear Implantation in Cases With Cochlear Nerve Deficiency. Otol Neurotol 2015; 36:977-84. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pont E, Mazón M, Montesinos P, Sánchez MÁ, Más-Estellés F. Imaging Diagnostics: Congenital Malformations and Acquired Lesions of the Inner Ear. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dai ZY, Sun BC, Huang SS, Yuan YY, Zhu YH, Su Y, Dai P. Correlation analysis of phenotype and genotype of GJB2 in patients with non-syndromic hearing loss in China. Gene 2015; 570:272-6. [PMID: 26095810 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-associated mutations in GJB2 gene are one of the major reasons that can cause non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL). GJB2 gene deafness has various clinical phenotypes. This study aims to analyze characteristics and relationships of clinical phenotypes through analyzing 1481 NSHL cases and 190 GJB2 deafness patients (with dual gene mutations). PATIENTS AND METHODS All the patients diagnosed as deaf disease molecular diagnostics were obtained from the people's liberation army general hospital from March 2007 to March 2011. The accession number of GJB2 was NM_004004 in GenBank, and sequence alignment and annotation were performed using GeneTool software. RESULTS In NSHL patients, mutated allele frequency in GJB2 was 20.57%, and the preponderant type was c.235delC (11.84%) followed by c.109G>A (3.75%). Mutation rate of double allelic gene was 16.18%, including 8.43% of homozygous mutation rate and 7.75% of recombination heterozygosis mutation. Moreover, auditory threshold of GJB2 biallelic marker was associated with ages of onset, while no significant correlation was detected with disease time and whether the inner ear malformation. Similar clinical phenotype could be detected between patients with c.109G>A dual gene mutation and dual gene mutation. However, in the aspect of hearing impairment, the phenomenon of pathopoiesia caused by mutation of c.109G>A was poorer than the other mutations, and even near those patients without pathogenic mutations. CONCLUSION Our study further shows the definite relationship of clinical phenotype and genotype in GJB2 gene correlated deafness, and these results can provide basis for revealing pathogenesis, gene diagnosis and consult of deafness. The level of evidence in the study is level 4 (case series).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yao Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bao-Chun Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Sha-Sha Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yong-Yi Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu-Hua Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Pu Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Remenschneider AK, Kozin ED, Curtin H, Santos F. Histopathology of idiopathic lateral skull base defects. Laryngoscope 2015; 125:1798-806. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron K. Remenschneider
- Department of Otolaryngology; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
- Department of Otology and Laryngology; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
| | - Elliott D. Kozin
- Department of Otolaryngology; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
- Department of Otology and Laryngology; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
| | - Hugh Curtin
- Department of Radiology; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
- Department of Otology and Laryngology; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
| | - Felipe Santos
- Department of Otolaryngology; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
- Department of Otology and Laryngology; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts U.S.A
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Vaccination recommendations and risk of meningitis following cochlear implantation. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 22:359-66. [PMID: 25101934 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has established vaccination guidelines for cochlear implant recipients to address the concern for implant-associated bacterial meningitis. Since their inception in 2002, these guidelines have undergone several revisions. We review the rationale and development of the current vaccination schedule. RECENT FINDINGS Bacterial meningitis is a rare yet potentially life-threatening complication of cochlear implantation. The recommendations for pneumococcal vaccination have evolved to a state in which nearly all cochlear implant patients receive a combination of both the PCV7 or PCV13 and PPSV23. SUMMARY Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccinations have dramatically decreased the incidence of serotype-specific invasive pneumococcal disease across all age groups. However, the optimal timing of immunization remains unclear in cochlear implant candidates.
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Abstract
CONCLUSION The facial recess approach is preferred in common cavity (CC) malformation with an incomplete basal turn, and the transmastoid single-slit labyrinthotomy approach in classic CC malformation. Patients with CC benefit from cochlear implantation (CI) over time, but the audiological and speech development is poorer than in cases with normal cochleas. OBJECTIVES To discuss the surgical aspects and performance of CI in 21 patients with CC malformation. METHODS Twenty-one CC malformations were classified into 2 types: classic CC malformation and CC malformation with an incomplete basal turn. Twenty-one patients without inner ear malformation were set as the control group. Thus, data for 42 patients were analyzed. RESULTS The facial recess approach was used in 3 patients with CC malformation with an incomplete basal turn, and the transmastoid single-slit labyrinthotomy approach in 18 patients with classic CC malformation. After follow-up for 36 months, the average free-field hearing threshold was higher, and the scores for the CAP, SIR, IT-MAIS, and closed-set/open-set auditory speech perception tests were lower than in the control group (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
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Naganawa S, Kawai H, Sone M, Ikeda M. Ratio of Vestibular Endolymph in Patients with Isolated Lateral Semicircular Canal Dysplasia. Magn Reson Med Sci 2015; 14:203-10. [PMID: 25833266 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.2014-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Isolated vestibular-lateral semicircular canal dysplasia (LSCCD) is one of the most common anomalies of the inner ear. However, endolymphatic size in LSCCD is unknown. We measured the size of the endolymph in the vestibule of patients with LSCCD and compared it with that measured in patients without LSCCD. METHODS We extracted 1102 magnetic resonance (MR) studies for the evaluation of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) from our database of radiology reports. Among these, we found 15 ears from 11 patients with LSCCD; 4 patients had bilateral abnormalities. Seven of the 15 ears demonstrated aplasia and 8 ears, hypoplasia of the lateral semicircular canal (LSCC). The control group consisted of 26 ears from 13 randomly selected patients without LSCCD. We measured the area of endolymph in the vestibule (ELA), total area of vestibular lymph fluid (TLA), and area of the central bony island (CBI) of the LSCC from axial MR images obtained after intratympanic or intravenous administration of gadolinium-based contrast material. The ratio of endolymphatic area to total lymphatic area (%EL) was defined as %EL = ELA/TLA × 100.We evaluated the correlation between %EL and the area of the CBI and compared age, %EL, degree of cochlear EH, hearing level, and presence of rotating vertigo among the 3 groups (aplasia, hypoplasia, control). RESULTS The mean %EL was 76.7% in the aplasia group, 50.0% in the hypoplasia group, and 27.8% in the control group (P < 0.001). There was a relatively strong linear correlation between the area of the CBI and %EL (r = -0.767). Patient age, mean hearing level, degree of cochlear EH, or presence of vertigo attacks did not differ significantly among the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The size of vestibular endolymph was larger in the groups with aplasia or hypoplasia than the control group. Thus, the current diagnostic cut-off value for significant vestibular EH (>50%) might not be appropriate for ears with LSCCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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Kaplan AB, Kozin ED, Puram SV, Owoc MS, Shah PV, Hight AE, Sethi RK, Remenschneider AK, Lee DJ. Auditory brainstem implant candidacy in the United States in children 0-17 years old. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:310-315. [PMID: 25577282 PMCID: PMC4477282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is an option for hearing rehabilitation in profoundly deaf patients ineligible for cochlear implantation. Over the past decade, surgeons have begun implanting ABIs in pediatric patients who are unable to receive cochlear implants due to congenital or acquired malformations of the inner ear. No study has examined the potential population-level demand for ABIs in the United States (US). Herein, we aim to quantify the potential need for pediatric ABIs. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies detailing the rates of congenital cochlear and/or cochlear nerve (CN) anomalies. Absolute indications for ABI include bilateral cochlea or CN aplasia (Group A), and relative indications for ABI include bilateral cochlea or CN hypoplasia (Group B). Data was subsequently correlated to the US Census Bureau, the National Health Interview Survey, and the Gallaudet Research Institute to provide an estimation of pediatric ABI candidates. RESULTS Eleven studies documented rates of bilateral findings. Bilateral cochlea aplasia was identified in 0-8.7% of patients and bilateral CN aplasia in 0-4.8% of patients (Group A). Bilateral cochlea hypoplasia was identified in 0-8.7% of patients and bilateral CN hypoplasia in 0-5.4% of patients (Group B). Using population-level sensorineural hearing loss data, we roughly estimate 2.1% of potential implant candidates meet absolute indications for an ABI in the United States. CONCLUSION Congenital cochlear and cochlear nerve anomalies are exceedingly rare. This study provides the first preliminary estimate of cochlea and CN aplasia/hypoplasia at the population level albeit with limitations based on available data. These data suggest the need for dedicated ABI centers to focus expertise and management.
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240
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Effectiveness of cochlear implant in inner ear bone malformations with anterior labyrinth involvement. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:369-73. [PMID: 25613931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study electrical stimulation, auditory functionality, and language development in patients with inner ear malformations involving the anterior labyrinth who underwent cochlear implantation. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case review. SETTING Reference hospital for cochlear implantation. PATIENTS Review of 14 cases of severe hearing loss with major (common cavity deformity and cochlear hypoplasia) or minor (e.g., incomplete partition and basal turn aplasia) malformations. INTERVENTIONS After cochlear implantation, data were gathered on the threshold (THR) and maximum comfort level (MCL) of the electrical stimulation and the number of functioning electrodes. Auditory responses to speech (EARS protocol) subtests were used to evaluate auditory functionality and language acquisition at 6, 12, and 24 months post-implantation. Tests used were: LIP profile, MTP (3, 6 and 12 words), OLD (open set test) and CLD (close set test). Results were compared with findings in a control group of 28 cochlear implantation patients without these malformations and with congenital hearing loss. RESULTS The mean THR was 11.02μC in patients with malformations versus 3.5μC in those without, a significant difference. The THR also significantly differed between groups with major and minor malformations. Fewer functioning electrodes were used in patients with malformations. Auditory functionality scores were best in controls than in patients with malformations, who scored ≤50%, finding the lowest scores in those with major malformations. CONCLUSION Patients with inner ear malformations undergoing cochlear implantation require greater stimuli to obtain an auditory response and have worse auditory functionality outcomes; these differences are greater in those with major versus minor malformations Nevertheless, cochlear implantation appears to be beneficial for all patients with these malformations to a greater or lesser extent.
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Pritchett C, Zwolan T, Huq F, Phillips A, Parmar H, Ibrahim M, Thorne M, Telian S. Variations in the cochlear implant experience in children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Laryngoscope 2015; 125:2169-74. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Pritchett
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Northwestern University; Chicago Illinois
| | - Teresa Zwolan
- Division of Otology-Neurotology; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Michigan Health System; Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Farhan Huq
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Henry Ford Health System; Detroit Michigan
| | | | | | | | - Marc Thorne
- Department of Radiology; University of Michigan Health System; Ann Arbor Michigan
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Michigan Health System; Ann Arbor Michigan U.S.A
| | - Steven Telian
- Division of Otology-Neurotology; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Michigan Health System; Ann Arbor Michigan
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Abstract
Temporal bone imaging is performed for a variety of clinical conditions addressed in the outpatient and acute care setting ranging from hearing loss to trauma. Recent advances in magnetic resonance technology have enhanced the assessment of fine anatomic temporal bone detail and improved the diagnostic sensitivity for important pathology. For example, non-echo planar diffusion weighted imaging increases detection rate and diagnostic confidence of recurrent cholesteatoma. This chapter will focus on relevant temporal bone clinical entities and new MR developments that have come into clinical practice.
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Nakajima Y. Signaling regulating inner ear development: cell fate determination, patterning, morphogenesis, and defects. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2015; 55:17-25. [PMID: 25040109 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The membranous labyrinth of the inner ear is a highly complex organ that detects sound and balance. Developmental defects in the inner ear cause congenital hearing loss and balance disorders. The membranous labyrinth consists of three semicircular ducts, the utricle, saccule, and endolymphatic ducts, and the cochlear duct. These complex structures develop from the simple otic placode, which is established in the cranial ectoderm adjacent to the neural crest at the level of the hindbrain at the early neurula stage. During development, the otic placode invaginates to form the otic vesicle, which subsequently gives rise to neurons for the vestibulocochlear ganglion, the non-sensory and sensory epithelia of the membranous labyrinth that includes three ampullary crests, two maculae, and the organ of Corti. Combined paracrine and autocrine signals including fibroblast growth factor, Wnt, retinoic acid, hedgehog, and bone morphogenetic protein regulate fate determination, axis formation, and morphogenesis in the developing inner ear. Juxtacrine signals mediated by Notch pathways play a role in establishing the sensory epithelium, which consists of mechanosensory hair cells and supporting cells. The highly differentiated organ of Corti, which consists of uniformly oriented inner/outer hair cells and specific supporting cells, develops during fetal development. Developmental alterations/arrest causes congenital malformations in the inner ear in a spatiotemporal-restricted manner. A clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying inner ear development is important not only for the management of patients with congenital inner ear malformations, but also for the development of regenerative therapy for impaired function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nakajima
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Jeong SW, Kim LS. A New Classification of Cochleovestibular Malformations and Implications for Predicting Speech Perception Ability after Cochlear Implantation. Audiol Neurootol 2015; 20:90-101. [DOI: 10.1159/000365584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aims of this study were to introduce a new classification of cochleovestibular malformation (CVM) and to investigate how well this classification can predict speech perception ability after cochlear implantation in children with CVM. Methods: Fifty-nine children with CVM who had used a cochlear implant for more than 3 years were included. CVM was classified into 4 subtypes based on the morphology of the cochlea and the modiolus on temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT): normal cochlea and normal modiolus (type A, n = 16), malformed cochlea and partial modiolus (type B, n = 31), malformed cochlea and no modiolus (type C, n = 6), and no cochlea and no modiolus (type D, n = 6). Speech perception test scores were compared between the subtypes of CVM using analysis of covariance with post hoc Bonferroni test. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the significant predictors of the speech perception test scores. Results: The speech perception test scores after implantation were significantly better in children with CVM type A or type B than in children with CVM type C or type D. The test scores did not differ significantly between the implanted children with CVM type A or type B and those without CVM. In univariate regression analysis, the type of CVM was a significant predictor of the speech perception test scores in implanted children with CVM. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the age at cochlear implantation, cochlear nerve size and preimplantation speech perception test scores were significant predictors of the postimplantation speech perception test scores. The chance of cochlear nerve deficiency increased progressively from CVM type A to type D. Conclusion: The new classification of CVM based on the morphology of the cochlea and the modiolus is simple and easy to use, and correlated well with postimplantation speech perception ability and cochlear nerve status. This simple classification of CVM using TBCT with cochlear nerve assessment by magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in the preoperative evaluation of children with CVM.
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245
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Surgical Outcomes After Cochlear Implantation in Children With Incomplete Partition Type I. Otol Neurotol 2015; 36:e11-7. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Impact of Cochlear Nerve Deficiency Determined Using 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Hearing Outcome in Children with Cochlear Implants. Otol Neurotol 2015; 36:14-21. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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247
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Prognostic Factors for Sudden Drops in Hearing Level After Minor Head Injury in Patients With an Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct. Otol Neurotol 2015; 36:4-11. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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248
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Yamazaki H, Naito Y, Moroto S, Tamaya R, Yamazaki T, Fujiwara K, Ito J. SLC26A4 p.Thr410Met homozygous mutation in a patient with a cystic cochlea and an enlarged vestibular aqueduct showing characteristic features of incomplete partition type I and II. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 78:2322-6. [PMID: 25468468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of SLC26A4 are associated with incomplete partition type II (IP-II) and isolated enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct (EVA). We experienced a congenitally deaf 6-year-old boy with a rare p.Thr410Met homozygous mutation in SLC26A4 who underwent bilateral cochlear implantation. He had bilateral inner ear malformation, in which the dilated vestibule and EVA were identical to those in IP-II, but the cochlea lacking a bony modiolus resembled that in incomplete partition type I. These results suggest that homozygous mutations in SLC26A4 are always associated with EVA, while the severity of cochlear malformation may vary depending on the type of SLC26A4 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Naito
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Saburo Moroto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Rinko Tamaya
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamazaki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keizo Fujiwara
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Juichi Ito
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Pingault V, Faubert E, Baral V, Gherbi S, Loundon N, Couloigner V, Denoyelle F, Noël-Pétroff N, Ducou Le Pointe H, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Bondurand N, Marlin S. SOX10mutations mimic isolated hearing loss. Clin Genet 2014; 88:352-9. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Pingault
- Département de Génétique; Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP; Créteil France
- Equipe 11; INSERM, U955; Créteil France
- UMR_S955; Université Paris-Est, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - E. Faubert
- Département de Génétique; Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP; Créteil France
| | - V. Baral
- Equipe 11; INSERM, U955; Créteil France
- UMR_S955; Université Paris-Est, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - S. Gherbi
- Service de Génétique; Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques; Paris France
| | - N. Loundon
- Service de Génétique; Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques; Paris France
- Service d'ORL; Hôpital Necker, AP-HP; Paris France
| | - V. Couloigner
- Service de Génétique; Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques; Paris France
- Service d'ORL; Hôpital Necker, AP-HP; Paris France
| | - F. Denoyelle
- Service de Génétique; Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques; Paris France
- Service d'ORL; Hôpital Necker, AP-HP; Paris France
| | | | | | | | - N. Bondurand
- Equipe 11; INSERM, U955; Créteil France
- UMR_S955; Université Paris-Est, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - S. Marlin
- Service de Génétique; Centre de référence Surdités Génétiques; Paris France
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Pont E, Mazón M, Montesinos P, Sánchez MÁ, Más-Estellés F. Imaging diagnostics: congenital malformations and acquired lesions of the inner ear. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2014; 66:224-33. [PMID: 25312404 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital malformations and acquired lesions of the inner ear are characterised by small structural changes in this region. In recent decades, treatment options have improved considerably. At the same time, there has been a great advancement in diagnostic methods, obtaining high-resolution labyrinth images. Currently, we use a 64-multislice computed tomography scanner in spiral mode (Brilliance 64 Phillips, Eindhoven, the Netherlands), with an overlap of 0.66 mm and an interval of 0.33 mm, 120 KV and 300 mA. The magnetic resonance images were taken with Signa HDxt 1.5 and 3.0 T units (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA). We reviewed the radiological features of the lesions affecting the inner ear. They are classified as congenital (labyrinth malformation and statoacoustic nerve deficiencies) or acquired (otospongiosis, labyrinthitis, Ménière's disease, inner ear haemorrhage, intralabyrinthine schwannoma and endolymphatic sac tumour). CONCLUSION Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography play an essential role in diagnosing patients with inner ear pathology. The technique selected should be chosen depending on the clinical setting. In a generic way, tomography is the method of choice for the study of traumatic pathology or otospongiosis. When tumour or inflammatory pathology is suspected, magnetic resonance is superior. In cases of congenital malformation, both techniques are complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pont
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital General de Onteniente, Valencia, España.
| | - Miguel Mazón
- Sección de Neurorradiología y Radiología Cabeza-Cuello, Servicio de Radiología Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Pau Montesinos
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital La Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| | - Miguel Ángel Sánchez
- Sección de Neurorradiología y Radiología Cabeza-Cuello, Servicio de Radiología Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Fernando Más-Estellés
- Sección de Neurorradiología y Radiología Cabeza-Cuello, Servicio de Radiología Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
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