201
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Balandin SV, Sheremeteva EV, Ovchinnikova TV. Pediocin-Like Antimicrobial Peptides of Bacteria. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:464-478. [PMID: 31234762 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791905002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are bacterial antimicrobial peptides that, unlike classical peptide antibiotics, are products of ribosomal synthesis and usually have a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity against species closely related to the producers. Pediocin-like bacteriocins (PLBs) belong to the class IIa of the bacteriocins of Gram-positive bacteria. PLBs possess high activity against pathogenic bacteria from Listeria and Enterococcus genera. Molecular target for PLBs is a membrane protein complex - bacterial mannose-phosphotransferase. PLBs can be synthesized by components of symbiotic microflora and participate in the maintenance of homeostasis in various compartments of the digestive tract and on the surface of epithelial tissues contacting the external environment. PLBs could give a rise to a new group of antibiotics of narrow spectrum of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Balandin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - E V Sheremeteva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - T V Ovchinnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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202
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Fontana A, Falasconi I, Molinari P, Treu L, Basile A, Vezzi A, Campanaro S, Morelli L. Genomic Comparison of Lactobacillus helveticus Strains Highlights Probiotic Potential. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1380. [PMID: 31293536 PMCID: PMC6606699 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus helveticus belongs to the large group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are the major players in the fermentation of a wide range of foods. LAB are also present in the human gut, which has often been exploited as a reservoir of potential novel probiotic strains, but several parameters need to be assessed before establishing their safety and potential use for human consumption. In the present study, six L. helveticus strains isolated from natural whey cultures were analyzed for their phenotype and genotype in exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, low pH and bile salt tolerance, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, and antibiotic resistance profile. In addition, a comparative genomic investigation was performed between the six newly sequenced strains and the 51 publicly available genomes of L. helveticus to define the pangenome structure. The results indicate that the newly sequenced strain UC1267 and the deposited strain DSM 20075 can be considered good candidates for gut-adapted strains due to their ability to survive in the presence of 0.2% glycocholic acid (GCA) and 1% taurocholic and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA). Moreover, these strains had the highest bile salt deconjugation activity among the tested L. helveticus strains. Considering the safety profile, none of these strains presented antibiotic resistance phenotypically and/or at the genome level. The pangenome analysis revealed genes specific to the new isolates, such as enzymes related to folate biosynthesis in strains UC1266 and UC1267 and an integrated phage in strain UC1035. Finally, the presence of maltose-degrading enzymes and multiple copies of 6-phospho-β-glucosidase genes in our strains indicates the capability to metabolize sugars other than lactose, which is related solely to dairy niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Fontana
- Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Irene Falasconi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paola Molinari
- Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Laura Treu
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Arianna Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Campanaro
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Morelli
- Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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203
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Bitschar K, Sauer B, Focken J, Dehmer H, Moos S, Konnerth M, Schilling NA, Grond S, Kalbacher H, Kurschus FC, Götz F, Krismer B, Peschel A, Schittek B. Lugdunin amplifies innate immune responses in the skin in synergy with host- and microbiota-derived factors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2730. [PMID: 31227691 PMCID: PMC6588697 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10646-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently our groups discovered lugdunin, a new cyclic peptide antibiotic that inhibits Staphylococcus aureus epithelial colonization in humans and rodents. In this work, we analyzed its immuno-modulatory and antimicrobial potential as a single agent or in combination with other microbiota- or host-derived factors. We show that pretreatment of primary human keratinocytes or mouse skin with lugdunin in combination with microbiota-derived factors results in a significant reduction of S. aureus colonization. Moreover, lugdunin increases expression and release of LL-37 and CXCL8/MIP-2 in human keratinocytes and mouse skin, and results in the recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils in vivo, both by a TLR/MyD88-dependent mechanism. Interestingly, S. aureus elimination by lugdunin is additionally achieved by synergistic antimicrobial activity with LL-37 and dermcidin-derived peptides. In summary, our results indicate that lugdunin provides multi-level protection against S. aureus and may thus become a promising treatment option for S. aureus skin infections in the future. Lugdunin is a peptide antibiotic produced by the skin commensal Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Here, the authors show that lugdunin reduces Staphylococcus aureus colonization in human keratinocytes and mouse skin by inducing the expression of human LL-37 and recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bitschar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jule Focken
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hanna Dehmer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Moos
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Konnerth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nadine A Schilling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Grond
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Kalbacher
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Ob dem Himmelreich 7, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian C Kurschus
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Götz
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Microbial Genetics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Krismer
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Infection Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peschel
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Infection Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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204
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Mahooti M, Abdolalipour E, Salehzadeh A, Mohebbi SR, Gorji A, Ghaemi A. Immunomodulatory and prophylactic effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic strain on influenza infection in mice. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:91. [PMID: 31161259 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The limited efficacy of available influenza vaccines against rapidly emerging new viral strains stresses the need for the development of new antigen-independent prophylactic treatment for enhancing immunity against influenza infection. Recent studies suggest that probiotics possess immunomodulatory properties and can reduce the severity of respiratory infections. Here, we investigated the potential of prophylactic Bifidobacterium bifidum in improving anti-influenza immune responses in an experimental lethal mouse-adapted influenza A (H1N1) infection in a BALB/c mouse model. One week after viral challenge, splenocyte proliferation assay (MTT), IFN-gamma, IL-12, and IL-4 in spleen and IL-6 in the lung homogenates were conducted using ELISA assays. Sera samples were collected to measure IgG1 and IgG2a levels. Furthermore, the mice challenged with lethal influenza virus were assessed for survival rate. The findings demonstrated a strong induction of both humoral and cellular immunities, as well as decreased level of IL-6 production in the lung and an increase in survival rate in the mice receiving Bifidobacterium than those of the control group were observed. Taken together, the results indicate a robust potential for Bifidobacterium to modulate humoral and cellular immune responses and induce balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses against influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Mahooti
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Elahe Abdolalipour
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Salehzadeh
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mohebbi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 27a, 48149, Munster, Germany.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran.
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205
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Bhattacharya A, Stacy A, Bashey F. Suppression of bacteriocin resistance using live, heterospecific competitors. Evol Appl 2019; 12:1191-1200. [PMID: 31293631 PMCID: PMC6597863 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly spreading antibiotic resistance has led to the need for novel alternatives and sustainable strategies for antimicrobial use. Bacteriocins are a class of proteinaceous anticompetitor toxins under consideration as novel therapeutic agents. However, bacteriocins, like other antimicrobial agents, are susceptible to resistance evolution and will require the development of sustainable strategies to prevent or decelerate the evolution of resistance. Here, we conduct proof-of-concept experiments to test whether introducing a live, heterospecific competitor along with a bacteriocin dose can effectively suppress the emergence of bacteriocin resistance in vitro. Previous work with conventional chemotherapeutic agents suggests that competition between conspecific sensitive and resistant pathogenic cells can effectively suppress the emergence of resistance in pathogenic populations. However, the threshold of sensitive cells required for such competitive suppression of resistance may often be too high to maintain host health. Therefore, here we aim to ask whether the principle of competitive suppression can be effective if a heterospecific competitor is used. Our results show that a live competitor introduced in conjunction with low bacteriocin dose can effectively control resistance and suppress sensitive cells. Further, this efficacy can be matched by using a bacteriocin-producing competitor without any additional bacteriocin. These results provide strong proof of concept for the effectiveness of competitive suppression using live, heterospecific competitors. Currently used probiotic strains or commensals may provide promising candidates for the therapeutic use of bacteriocin-mediated competitive suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farrah Bashey
- Department of BiologyIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndiana
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206
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Sun Y, Veseli IA, Vaillancourt K, Frenette M, Grenier D, Pombert JF. The bacteriocin from the prophylactic candidate Streptococcus suis 90-1330 is widely distributed across S. suis isolates and appears encoded in an integrative and conjugative element. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216002. [PMID: 31039174 PMCID: PMC6490898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-positive α-hemolytic Streptococcus suis is a major pathogen in the swine industry and an emerging zoonotic agent that can cause several systemic issues in both pigs and humans. A total of 35 S. suis serotypes (SS) have been identified and genotyped into > 700 sequence types (ST) by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Eurasian ST1 isolates are the most virulent of all S. suis SS2 strains while North American ST25 and ST28 strains display moderate to low/no virulence phenotypes, respectively. Notably, S. suis 90–1330 is an avirulent Canadian SS2-ST28 isolate producing a lantibiotic bacteriocin with potential prophylactic applications. To investigate the suitability of this strain for such purposes, we sequenced its complete genome using the Illumina and PacBio platforms. The S. suis 90–1330 bacteriocin was found encoded in a locus cargoed in what appears to be an integrative and conjugative element (ICE). This bacteriocin locus was also found to be widely distributed across several streptococcal species and in a few Staphylococcus aureus strains. Because the locus also confers protection from the bacteriocin, the potential prophylactic benefits of using this strain may prove limited due to the spread of the resistance to its effects. Furthermore, the S. suis 90–1330 genome was found to code for genes involved in blood survival, suggesting that strain may not be a benign as previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Sun
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Iva A. Veseli
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Katy Vaillancourt
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Frenette
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole, Fonds de Recherche du Québec–Nature et Technologies, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole, Fonds de Recherche du Québec–Nature et Technologies, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Pombert
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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207
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Strompfová V, Kubašová I, Ščerbová J, Maďari A, Gancarčíková S, Mudroňová D, Miltko R, Belzecki G, Lauková A. Oral administration of bacteriocin-producing and non-producing strains of Enterococcus faecium in dogs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4953-4965. [PMID: 31025077 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The current effort to incorporate microbial cultures in canine nutrition and thus intake of them on daily base increases our interest in careful and more complex study of their effects in dogs. Many of the commercially used strains have not been tested in dogs and are incorporated only on the base of beneficial effects observed in humans with specific disorders. Moreover, no information on the effects of bacteriocin-producing strains in dogs is available. Therefore, we decided to test and to compare overall effect of bacteriocin non-producing Enterococcus faecium DSM 32820 and enterocin B-producing E. faecium LMG 30881 strain (both of canine origin). Dogs were divided into three treatment groups of ten dogs each: control; DSM 32820 group; and LMG 30881 group, dosing 109 CFU/day/dog. The experiment lasted 35 days with a 14-day treatment period (sample collection at days 0, 7, 14, 35). Despite bacteriocin production is believed that may provide a competitive advantage over neighbouring sensitive strains within shared environment, results indicated somewhat better survival for the DSM 32820 compared to the LMG 30881 group. Furthermore, dogs of DSM 32820 group had optimal faecal consistency throughout the experiment, significantly stimulated phagocytic activity (days 7 and 14) and metabolic burst activity of leukocytes (days 14 and 35) and lower serum glucose concentration (day 35). In contrast, dogs of LMG 30881 group showed higher faecal count of Gram-negative bacteria (day 35), lower haemoglobin and glucose concentration (day 35), and higher metabolic burst activity (days 14 and 35). These results are further evidence of the existence of inter-strain differences in efficacy despite the same origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Strompfová
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ivana Kubašová
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Ščerbová
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Aladár Maďari
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Small Animal Clinic, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Soňa Gancarčíková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudroňová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Renata Miltko
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Instytucka 3, 05-110, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Belzecki
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Instytucka 3, 05-110, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Andrea Lauková
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
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208
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Kelleher P, Mahony J, Bottacini F, Lugli GA, Ventura M, van Sinderen D. The Lactococcus lactis Pan-Plasmidome. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:707. [PMID: 31019500 PMCID: PMC6458302 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmids are autonomous, self-replicating, extrachromosomal genetic elements that are typically not essential for growth of their host. They may encode metabolic capabilities, which promote the maintenance of these genetic elements, and may allow adaption to specific ecological niches and consequently enhance survival. Genome sequencing of 16 Lactococcus lactis strains revealed the presence of 83 plasmids, including two megaplasmids. The limitations of Pacific Biosciences SMRT sequencing in detecting the total plasmid complement of lactococcal strains is examined, while a combined Illumina/SMRT sequencing approach is proposed to combat these issues. Comparative genome analysis of these plasmid sequences combined with other publicly available plasmid sequence data allowed the definition of the lactococcal plasmidome, and facilitated an investigation into (bio) technologically important plasmid-encoded traits such as conjugation, bacteriocin production, exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, and (bacterio) phage resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kelleher
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Mahony
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Gabriele A. Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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209
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Parasitic plasmid-host dynamics and host competition in flowing habitats. Math Biosci 2019; 311:109-124. [PMID: 30849409 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Competition and coexistence were examined for two bacterial species, each potentially carrying a fitness-reducing, parasitic plasmid that was vertically transmitted with possible loss through segregation. Here, the fitness reduction of hosts was due to a toxin produced by plasmid-bearing cells and inhibiting plasmid-free cells. These populations were placed in a flow reactor habitat representing an idealized mammal gut. It was numerically shown that parasitic plasmids can mediate coexistence of competing host species, in conditions where plasmid-free hosts could not coexist. Numerical construction of a coexistence example suggests that it arises only for a narrow parameter range. In particular, both rates of segregation and the growth costs of plasmid carriage must be relatively low.
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210
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Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) was the first strain belonging to the genus Lactobacillus to be patented in 1989 thanks to its ability to survive and to proliferate at gastric acid pH and in medium containing bile, and to adhere to enterocytes. Furthermore LGG is able to produces both a biofilm that can mechanically protect the mucosa, and different soluble factors beneficial to the gut by enhancing intestinal crypt survival, diminishing apoptosis of the intestinal epithelium, and preserving cytoskeletal integrity. Moreover LGG thanks to its lectin-like protein 1 and 2 inhibits some pathogens such as Salmonella species. Finally LGG is able to promote type 1 immune-responsiveness by reducing the expression of several activation and inflammation markers on monocytes and by increasing the production of interleukin-10, interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α in macrophages. A large number of research data on Lactobacillus GG is the basis for the use of this probiotic for human health. In this review we have considered predominantly randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis, Cochrane Review, guide lines of Scientific Societies and anyway studies whose results were evaluated by means of relative risk, odds ratio, weighted mean difference 95% confidence interval. The effectiveness of LGG in gastrointestinal infections and diarrhea, antibiotic and Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, respiratory tract infections, allergy, cardiovascular diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cystic fibrosis, cancer, elderly end sport were analyzed.
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211
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Chen R, Wong HL, Burns BP. New Approaches to Detect Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in the Environment. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6010032. [PMID: 30823559 PMCID: PMC6473659 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms in the environment can produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites (SM), which are also known as natural products. Bioactive SMs have been crucial in the development of antibiotics and can also act as useful compounds in the biotechnology industry. These natural products are encoded by an extensive range of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). The developments in omics technologies and bioinformatic tools are contributing to a paradigm shift from traditional culturing and screening methods to bioinformatic tools and genomics to uncover BGCs that were previously unknown or transcriptionally silent. Natural product discovery using bioinformatics and omics workflow in the environment has demonstrated an extensive distribution of BGCs in various environments, such as soil, aquatic ecosystems and host microbiome environments. Computational tools provide a feasible and culture-independent route to find new secondary metabolites where traditional approaches cannot. This review will highlight some of the advances in the approaches, primarily bioinformatic, in identifying new BGCs, especially in environments where microorganisms are rarely cultured. This has allowed us to tap into the huge potential of microbial dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
- Australian Centre for Astrobiology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Hon Lun Wong
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
- Australian Centre for Astrobiology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Brendan Paul Burns
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
- Australian Centre for Astrobiology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
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212
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Quigley L, Coakley M, Alemayehu D, Rea MC, Casey PG, O’Sullivan Ó, Murphy E, Kiely B, Cotter PD, Hill C, Ross RP. Lactobacillus gasseri APC 678 Reduces Shedding of the Pathogen Clostridium difficile in a Murine Model. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:273. [PMID: 30842760 PMCID: PMC6391587 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is a common cause of health-care acquired diarrhea, resulting in a spectrum of disease from mild diarrhea to life-threatening illness. Sixty Lactobacillus strains were screened for anti-C. difficile activity using a co-culture method. Based on their ability to inhibit C. difficile, L. gasseri APC 678 and L. rhamnosus DPC 6111 were selected for study in a murine model of C. difficile infection. L. gasseri ATCC 33323, was included as a control. It was established that, relative to control mice not fed Lactobacillus, feeding with L. gasseri APC 678 resulted in a significant reduction by day 7 (8-fold, p = 0.017) of viable C. difficile VPI 10463 in the feces of mice. In contrast, neither L. rhamnosus DPC 6111 nor L. gasseri ATCC 33323 significantly reduced fecal C. difficile shedding. Sequencing of the cecal microbiota showed that in mice fed L. gasseri APC 678 there was a significant increase in bacterial diversity across a number of indices when compared to the control or other Lactobacillus-fed groups. There was no significant change in the relative abundance of Firmicutes or Bacteroidetes in the group fed L. gasseri APC 678 relative to the control, while the groups fed L. rhamnosus DPC 6111 or L. gasseri ATCC 33323 showed a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes (p = 0.002 and p = 0.019, respectively) and a significant increase in Bacteroidetes (p = 0.002 and p = 0.023, respectively). These results highlight the potential of L. gasseri APC 678 as a live therapeutic agent to target C. difficile infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Quigley
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mairéad Coakley
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Debebe Alemayehu
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary C. Rea
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Patrick G. Casey
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Órla O’Sullivan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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213
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De Montijo-Prieto S, Castro DJ, Reina JC, Jimenez-Valera M, Ruiz-Bravo A. Draft genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum C4 (CECT 9567), a potential probiotic strain isolated from kefir. Arch Microbiol 2019; 201:409-414. [PMID: 30759265 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum C4 (CECT 9567) was isolated from kefir and has been extensively studied because of its probiotic properties. Here we report the genome sequence of this strain. The genome consists of 3,221,350 bp, and contains 3058 CDSs with an average G + C content of 44.5%. The genome harbors genes encoding the AraC-family transcription regulator, the penicillin-binding protein Pbp2A, and the Na+/H+ antiporter NapA3, which have important roles in the survival of lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tract. Also, the genome encodes the catalase KatE, NADH peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, which enable anaerobic respiration, and a nitrate reductase complex, which enable anaerobic respiration. Additionally, genes encoding plantaricins and sactipeptides, and genes involved in the use of fructooligosaccharides and in the production of butyric acid were also identified. BLASTn analysis revealed that 91.4% of CDSs in C4 genome aligned with those of the reference strain L. plantarum WCFS1, with a mean identity of 98.96%. The genome information of L. plantarum C4 provides the basis for understanding the probiotic properties of C4 and to consider its use as a potential component of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi De Montijo-Prieto
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - David J Castro
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose C Reina
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Jimenez-Valera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Ruiz-Bravo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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214
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Raabis S, Li W, Cersosimo L. Effects and immune responses of probiotic treatment in ruminants. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2019; 208:58-66. [PMID: 30712793 PMCID: PMC6526955 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbial colonization and establishment are vital to ruminant health and production. This review article focuses on current knowledge and methods used to understand and manipulate the gut microbial community in ruminant animals, with a special focus on probiotics treatment. This review highlights the most promising of studies in this area, including gut microbial colonization and establishment, effect of gastrointestinal tract microbial community on host mucosal innate immune function, impact of feeding strategies on gut microbial community, current probiotic treatments in ruminants, methods to manipulate the gut microbiota and associated antimicrobial compounds, and models and cell lines used in understanding the host immune response to probiotic treatments. As a lot of work in this area was done in humans and mice, this review article also includes up-to-date knowledge from relevant studies in human and mouse models. This review is a useful resource for scientists working in the areas of ruminant nutrition and health, and to researchers investigating the microbial ecology and its relation to animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Raabis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Wenli Li
- Dairy Forage Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1925 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.
| | - Laura Cersosimo
- University of Florida, Department of Animal Sciences, Gainesville, FL, United States
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215
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Chai TT, Tan YN, Ee KY, Xiao J, Wong FC. Seeds, fermented foods, and agricultural by-products as sources of plant-derived antibacterial peptides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 59:S162-S177. [PMID: 30663883 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1561418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsun-Thai Chai
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
- Centre for Biodiversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Yen-Nee Tan
- Centre for Biodiversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Yaw Ee
- Centre for Biodiversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, SKL of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, P. R. China
| | - Fai-Chu Wong
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
- Centre for Biodiversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
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216
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Qureshi N, Li P, Gu Q. Probiotic therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection: a potential strategy against a serious pathogen? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1573-1588. [PMID: 30610283 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-09580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a highly prevalent human pathogen responsible for chronic inflammation of the gastric tissues, gastroduodenal ulcers, and cancer. The treatment includes a pair of antibiotics with a proton pump inhibitor PPI. Despite the presence of different treatments, the infection rate is still increasing both in developed and developing states. The challenge of treatment failure is greatly due to the resistance of H. pylori to antibiotics and its side effects. Probiotics potential to cure H. pylori infection is well-documented. Probiotics combined with conventional treatment regime appear to have great potential in eradicating H. pylori infection, therefore, provide an excellent alternative approach to manage H. pylori load and its threatening disease outcome. Notably, anti-H. pylori activity of probiotics is strain specific,therefore establishing standard guidelines regarding the dose and formulation of individual strain is inevitable. This review is focused on probiotic's antagonism against H. pylori summarizing their three main potential aspects: their efficiency (i) as an alternative to H. pylori eradication treatment, (ii) as an adjunct to H. pylori eradication treatment and (iii) as a vaccine delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Qureshi
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China.
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217
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218
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Nguyen DH, Nyachoti CM, Kim IH. Evaluation of effect of probiotics mixture supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal bacterial enumeration, and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1537726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. H. Nguyen
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea
| | - C. M. Nyachoti
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T2N2
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea
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219
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George F, Daniel C, Thomas M, Singer E, Guilbaud A, Tessier FJ, Revol-Junelles AM, Borges F, Foligné B. Occurrence and Dynamism of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Distinct Ecological Niches: A Multifaceted Functional Health Perspective. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2899. [PMID: 30538693 PMCID: PMC6277688 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are representative members of multiple ecosystems on earth, displaying dynamic interactions within animal and plant kingdoms in respect with other microbes. This highly heterogeneous phylogenetic group has coevolved with plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, establishing either mutualism, symbiosis, commensalism, or even parasitism-like behavior with their hosts. Depending on their location and environment conditions, LAB can be dominant or sometimes in minority within ecosystems. Whatever their origins and relative abundance in specific anatomic sites, LAB exhibit multifaceted ecological and functional properties. While some resident LAB permanently inhabit distinct animal mucosal cavities, others are provided by food and may transiently occupy the gastrointestinal tract. It is admitted that the overall gut microbiome has a deep impact on health and diseases. Here, we examined the presence and the physiological role of LAB in the healthy human and several animal microbiome. Moreover, we also highlighted some dysbiotic states and related consequences for health, considering both the resident and the so-called "transionts" microorganisms. Whether LAB-related health effects act collectively or follow a strain-specificity dogma is also addressed. Besides the highly suggested contribution of LAB to interplay with immune, metabolic, and even brain-axis regulation, the possible involvement of LAB in xenobiotic detoxification processes and metal equilibrium is also tackled. Recent technological developments such as functional metagenomics, metabolomics, high-content screening and design in vitro and in vivo experimental models now open new horizons for LAB as markers applied for disease diagnosis, susceptibility, and follow-up. Moreover, identification of general and more specific molecular mechanisms based on antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and detoxifying properties of LAB currently extends their selection and promising use, either as probiotics, in traditional and functional foods, for dedicated treatments and mostly for maintenance of normobiosis and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny George
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Daniel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 8204 – CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Muriel Thomas
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Elisabeth Singer
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Axel Guilbaud
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric J. Tessier
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Marie Revol-Junelles
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires – Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frédéric Borges
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, École Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires – Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Benoît Foligné
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
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220
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Kok CR, Hutkins R. Yogurt and other fermented foods as sources of health-promoting bacteria. Nutr Rev 2018; 76:4-15. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Car Reen Kok
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Robert Hutkins
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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221
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Heeney DD, Zhai Z, Bendiks Z, Barouei J, Martinic A, Slupsky C, Marco ML. Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriocin is associated with intestinal and systemic improvements in diet-induced obese mice and maintains epithelial barrier integrity in vitro. Gut Microbes 2018; 10:382-397. [PMID: 30409105 PMCID: PMC6546331 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1534513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriocin plantaricin EF (PlnEF) system for its contributions to L. plantarum mediated benefits in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. C57BL/6J mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) were administered a rifampicin resistant mutant of L. plantarum NCMIB8826 (NICMB8826-R) or an isogenic ΔplnEFI mutant strain, LM0419, every 48 h for nine weeks. Mice fed wild-type L. plantarum, but not LM0419, reduced their consumption of the HFD starting three weeks into the study and exhibited an overall 10% reduction in weight gain. The responses were independent of glucose homeostasis, as both NCMIB8826-R and LM0419 fed mice had improved oral glucose tolerance compared to sham controls. Although bacteriocins have antibacterial properties, the ileal, cecal, and fecal microbiota and cecocolic metabolomes were unchanged between mice fed either wild-type L. plantarum or the ΔplnEFI mutant. Instead, only mice fed NCMIB8826-R showed an increased production of ZO-1 in ileal tissues. To verify a potential role for the plantaricin EF system in supporting intestinal epithelial function, synthesized PlnEF peptides were applied to Caco-2 cell monolayers challenged with TNF-α and IFN-γ. The combination of PlnE and PlnF were required to prevent sustained cytokine-induced losses to Caco-2 cell para- and transcellular permeability and elevated IL-8 levels. In conclusion, this study shows that probiotic L. plantarum ameliorates the effects of obesogenic diets through a mechanism that involves the plantaricin EF system and likely includes L. plantarum - induced fortification of the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin D. Heeney
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zhengyuan Zhai
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zach Bendiks
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Javad Barouei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alice Martinic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn Slupsky
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maria L. Marco
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA,CONTACT Maria L. Marco Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
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222
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Zhao X, Wang W, Blaine A, Kane ST, Zijlstra RT, Gänzle MG. Impact of probiotic Lactobacillus sp. on autochthonous lactobacilli in weaned piglets. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:242-254. [PMID: 30276941 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to determine whether host-adapted lactobacilli exhibit superior survival during intestinal transit relative to nomadic and free-living organisms, and to characterize the impact of probiotic lactobacilli on autochthonous lactobacilli. METHODS AND RESULTS Mixed cultures of Lactobacillus casei K9-1 and Lactobacillus fermentum K9-2, or reutericyclin producing Lactobacillus reuteri and its isogenic mutant were fed to piglets as freeze-dried culture, or as part of fermented feed. Lactobacilli in digesta and faecal samples were quantified by strain-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR), high-resolution-melting curve qPCR, and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene sequence tags. The abundance of the host adapted L. reuteri in digesta and faeces was higher (P < 0·05) when compared to L. casei or L. fermentum. Feed fermentation or chemical acidification of feed reduced (P < 0·05) cell counts of Lactobacillus salivarius in colonic digesta. The reutericyclin producing L. reuteri TMW1.656 transiently reduced (P < 0·05) the faecal abundance of lactobacilli. However, the overall impact of probiotic intervention on autochthonous lactobacilli was minor. CONCLUSIONS The vertebrate host-adapted L. reuteri survives better during intestinal transit of piglets compared to L. casei and L. fermentum. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Ecology and lifestyle of Lactobacillus strains may be suitable criteria for selection of probiotic strains for use in swine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - W Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - A Blaine
- CanBiocin Inc., Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S T Kane
- CanBiocin Inc., Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - R T Zijlstra
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M G Gänzle
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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223
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Rainard P, Foucras G. A Critical Appraisal of Probiotics for Mastitis Control. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:251. [PMID: 30364110 PMCID: PMC6191464 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The urge to reduce antimicrobials use in dairy farming has prompted a search for alternative solutions. As infections of the mammary gland is a major reason for antibiotic administration to dairy ruminants, mammary probiotics have recently been presented as a possible alternative for the treatment of mastitis. To assess the validity of this proposal, we performed a general appraisal of the knowledge related to probiotics for mammary health by examining their potential modes of action and assessing the compatibility of these mechanisms with the immunobiology of mammary gland infections. Then we analyzed the literature published on the subject, taking into account the preliminary in vitro experiments and the in vivo trials. Preliminary experiments aimed essentially at exploring in vitro the capacity of putative probiotics, mainly lactic acid bacteria (LABs), to interfere with mastitis-associated bacteria or to interact with mammary epithelial cells. A few studies used LABs selected on the basis of bacteriocin production or the capacity to adhere to epithelial cells to perform in vivo experiments. Intramammary infusion of LABs showed that LABs are pro-inflammatory for the mammary gland, inducing an intense influx of neutrophils into milk during lactation and at drying-off. Yet, their capacity to cure mastitis remains to be established. A few preliminary studies tackle the possibility of using probiotics to interfere with the teat apex microbiota or to prevent the colonization of the teat canal by pathogenic bacteria. From the analysis of the published literature, it appears that currently there is no sound scientific foundation for the use of probiotics to prevent or treat mastitis. We conclude that the prospects for oral probiotics are not promising for ruminants, those for intramammary probiotics should be considered with caution, but that teat apex probiotics deserve further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Rainard
- ISP, INRA, Université de Tours, UMR 1282, Nouzilly, France
| | - Gilles Foucras
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRA, UMR1225, Toulouse, France
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225
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Michelini S, Balakrishnan B, Parolo S, Matone A, Mullaney JA, Young W, Gasser O, Wall C, Priami C, Lombardo R, Kussmann M. A reverse metabolic approach to weaning: in silico identification of immune-beneficial infant gut bacteria, mining their metabolism for prebiotic feeds and sourcing these feeds in the natural product space. MICROBIOME 2018; 6:171. [PMID: 30241567 PMCID: PMC6151060 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weaning is a period of marked physiological change. The introduction of solid foods and the changes in milk consumption are accompanied by significant gastrointestinal, immune, developmental, and microbial adaptations. Defining a reduced number of infections as the desired health benefit for infants around weaning, we identified in silico (i.e., by advanced public domain mining) infant gut microbes as potential deliverers of this benefit. We then investigated the requirements of these bacteria for exogenous metabolites as potential prebiotic feeds that were subsequently searched for in the natural product space. RESULTS Using public domain literature mining and an in silico reverse metabolic approach, we constructed probiotic-prebiotic-food associations, which can guide targeted feeding of immune health-beneficial microbes by weaning food; analyzed competition and synergy for (prebiotic) nutrients between selected microbes; and translated this information into designing an experimental complementary feed for infants enrolled in a pilot clinical trial ( http://www.nourishtoflourish.auckland.ac.nz/ ). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we applied a benefit-oriented microbiome research strategy for enhanced early-life immune health. We extended from "classical" to molecular nutrition aiming to identify nutrients, bacteria, and mechanisms that point towards targeted feeding to improve immune health in infants around weaning. Here, we present the systems biology-based approach we used to inform us on the most promising prebiotic combinations known to support growth of beneficial gut bacteria ("probiotics") in the infant gut, thereby favorably promoting development of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Michelini
- The Microsoft Research–University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Biju Balakrishnan
- The Liggins Institute, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Silvia Parolo
- The Microsoft Research–University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Alice Matone
- The Microsoft Research–University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Jane A. Mullaney
- AgResearch, Food & Bio-based Products, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- AgResearch, Food & Bio-based Products, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Gasser
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Clare Wall
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Corrado Priami
- The Microsoft Research–University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Rovereto, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosario Lombardo
- The Microsoft Research–University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Martin Kussmann
- The Liggins Institute, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- National Science Challenge “High Value Nutrition”, Auckland, New Zealand
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Kirkpatrick CL, Parsley NC, Bartges TE, Wing CE, Kommineni S, Kristich CJ, Salzman NH, Patrie SM, Hicks LM. Exploring bioactive peptides from bacterial secretomes using PepSAVI-MS: identification and characterization of Bac-21 from Enterococcus faecalis pPD1. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:943-951. [PMID: 30014612 PMCID: PMC6116741 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As current methods for antibiotic drug discovery are being outpaced by the rise of antimicrobial resistance, new methods and innovative technologies are necessary to replenish our dwindling arsenal of antimicrobial agents. To this end, we developed the PepSAVI-MS pipeline to expedite the search for natural product bioactive peptides. Herein we demonstrate expansion of PepSAVI-MS for the discovery of bacterial-sourced bioactive peptides through identification of the bacteriocin Bac-21 from Enterococcus faecalis pPD1. Minor pipeline modifications including implementation of bacteria-infused agar diffusion assays and optional digestion of peptide libraries highlight the versatility and wide adaptability of the PepSAVI-MS pipeline. Additionally, we have experimentally validated the primary protein sequence of the active, mature Bac-21 peptide for the first time and have confirmed its identity with respect to primary sequence and post-translational processing. Successful application of PepSAVI-MS to bacterial secretomes as demonstrated herein establishes proof-of-principle for use in novel microbial bioactive peptide discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole C. Parsley
- Department of ChemistryThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Tessa E. Bartges
- Department of ChemistryThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Casey E. Wing
- Department of PathologySouthwestern Medical CenterThe University of TexasAustinTXUSA
| | - Sushma Kommineni
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of PediatricsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | | | - Nita H. Salzman
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of PediatricsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | | | - Leslie M. Hicks
- Department of ChemistryThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
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227
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Wayah SB, Philip K. Purification, characterization, mode of action, and enhanced production of Salivaricin mmaye1, a novel bacteriocin from Lactobacillus salivarius SPW1 of human gut origin. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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228
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Kubašová I, Lauková A, Hamarová Ľ, Pristaš P, Strompfová V. Evaluation of enterococci for potential probiotic utilization in dogs. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 64:177-187. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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229
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Bosák J, Micenková L, Hrala M, Pomorská K, Kunova Bosakova M, Krejci P, Göpfert E, Faldyna M, Šmajs D. Colicin F Y inhibits pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12242. [PMID: 30115964 PMCID: PMC6095899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersiniosis belongs to the common foodborne diseases around the world, and frequently manifests as diarrhea that can be treated with probiotics. Colicin FY is an antibacterial agent produced by bacteria and it is capable of specific growth inhibition of Yersinia enterocolitica, the causative agent of gastrointestinal yersiniosis. In this study, recombinant E. coli producing colicin FY were constructed, using both known probiotic strains EcH22 and EcColinfant, and the newly isolated murine strains Ec1127 and Ec1145. All E. coli strains producing colicin FY inhibited growth of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica during co-cultivation in vitro. In dysbiotic mice treated with streptomycin, E. coli strains producing colicin FY inhibited progression of Y. enterocolitica infections. This growth inhibition was not observed in mice with normal gut microflora, likely due to insufficient colonization capacity of E. coli strains and/or due to spatial differences in intestinal niches. Isogenic Y. enterocolitica producing colicin FY was constructed and shown to inhibit pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in mice with normal microflora. Evidence of in vivo antimicrobial activity of colicin FY may have utility in the treatment of Y. enterocolitica infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Bosák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Micenková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Hrala
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Pomorská
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Pavel Krejci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - David Šmajs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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230
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The potency of the broad spectrum bacteriocin, bactofencin A, against staphylococci is highly dependent on primary structure, N-terminal charge and disulphide formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11833. [PMID: 30087409 PMCID: PMC6081437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bactofencin A is a novel class IId bacteriocin, produced by the intestinal isolate Lactobacillus salivarius DPC6502, which has potent activity against medically significant pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus. This bacteriocin is unusual in that it has a highly cationic N terminus and a single disulfide bond between Cys7 and Cys22, resulting in a large C terminal loop. In this study, a library of synthetic bactofencin A variants were screened against the mastitis isolate, S. aureus DPC5246, to identify key residues responsible for activity. It was apparent that substituting either cysteine of the disulfide bond with either serine or alanine significantly reduced the activity of the bacteriocin, confirming the importance of the C terminal loop. Substituting N terminal amino acids with alanine had no effect on activity, whereas sequential removal of the N terminal positively charged residues resulted in an increasingly inactive peptide. A complete (synthetic) alanine scanning analysis revealed that the residues between Val9 and Gly17 were most affected by substitution suggesting that this area has a major influence on the potency of the bacteriocin. Substituting residues in the loop region between Cys7 and Cys22 for D-amino acid equivalents had a more detrimental effect on activity than L-alanine substitutions. Specifically Y10A, N11A, P15A and T16A are active at 4, 16, 1 and 16 μM respectively while their D equivalents were inactive at 1000 μM, the highest concentration tested. Ultimately, this study identifies the critical features in the primary structure of the bacteriocin which gives it such potent activity against pathogenic staphylococci.
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231
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Zommiti M, Cambronel M, Maillot O, Barreau M, Sebei K, Feuilloley M, Ferchichi M, Connil N. Evaluation of Probiotic Properties and Safety of Enterococcus faecium Isolated From Artisanal Tunisian Meat "Dried Ossban". Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1685. [PMID: 30127770 PMCID: PMC6088202 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium strains were isolated from an original biotope, artisanal dried Tunisian meat “Dried Ossban,” and evaluated for safety and capacity as probiotics. Gram-positive, catalase negative, and bacteriocin-producing bacteria were screened using selective microbiological media. All isolates were identified by phenotypic and molecular tools. Five E. faecium strains (MZF1, MZF2, MZF3, MZF4, and MZF5) were selected and further assessed for their probiotic properties. They were found to be resistant to the physiological concentrations of bile salts, and the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, and showed autoaggregation and adhesion ability. All these isolates possess at least one enterocin and could efficiently inhibit the growth of Listeria innocua HPB13. The analysis of their safety profile revealed for almost all the strains the absence of cytotoxicity and virulence determinants, and susceptibility to clinically important antibiotics such as vancomycin. These data suggest that these bacteria, isolated from “Dried Ossban,” do not present a risk to human health, and may be considered as interesting candidates for future use as probiotics and bioprotective cultures for application in the food and/or feed industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zommiti
- Unité de Protéomique Fonctionnelle et Potentiel Nutraceutique de la Biodiversité de Tunisie, Institut Supérieur des Sciences Biologiques Appliquées de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mélyssa Cambronel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, Université de Rouen Normandie, Évreux, France
| | - Olivier Maillot
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, Université de Rouen Normandie, Évreux, France
| | - Magalie Barreau
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, Université de Rouen Normandie, Évreux, France
| | - Khaled Sebei
- Unité de Protéomique Fonctionnelle et Potentiel Nutraceutique de la Biodiversité de Tunisie, Institut Supérieur des Sciences Biologiques Appliquées de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marc Feuilloley
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, Université de Rouen Normandie, Évreux, France
| | - Mounir Ferchichi
- Unité de Protéomique Fonctionnelle et Potentiel Nutraceutique de la Biodiversité de Tunisie, Institut Supérieur des Sciences Biologiques Appliquées de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Clinical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathalie Connil
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, Université de Rouen Normandie, Évreux, France
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232
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Raffatellu M. Learning from bacterial competition in the host to develop antimicrobials. Nat Med 2018; 24:1097-1103. [DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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233
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Hanchi H, Mottawea W, Sebei K, Hammami R. The Genus Enterococcus: Between Probiotic Potential and Safety Concerns-An Update. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1791. [PMID: 30123208 PMCID: PMC6085487 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A considerable number of strains belonging to different species of Enterococcus are highly competitive due to their resistance to wide range of pH and temperature. Their competitiveness is also owed to their ability to produce bacteriocins recognized for their wide-range effectiveness on pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. Enterococcal bacteriocins have attracted great research interest as natural antimicrobial agents in the food industry, and as a potential drug candidate for replacing antibiotics in order to treat multiple drugs resistance pathogens. However, the prevalence of virulence factors and antibiotic-resistance genes and the ability to cause disease could compromise their application in food, human and animal health. From the current regulatory point of view, the genus Enterococcus is neither recommended for the QPS list nor have GRAS status. Although recent advances in molecular biology and the recommended methods for the safety evaluation of Enterococcus strains allowed the distinction between commensal and clinical clades, development of highly adapted methods and legislations are still required. In the present review, we evaluate some aspects of Enterococcus spp. related to their probiotic properties and safety concerns as well as the current and potential application in food systems and treatment of infections. The regulatory status of commensal Enterococcus candidates for food, feed, probiotic use, and recommended methods to assess and ensure their safety are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Hanchi
- Nutraceuticals and Functional Proteomics Potential of Biodiversity in Tunisia, Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences of Tunis (ISSBAT), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Walid Mottawea
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khaled Sebei
- Nutraceuticals and Functional Proteomics Potential of Biodiversity in Tunisia, Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences of Tunis (ISSBAT), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Hammami
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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234
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Yadav MK, Singh B, Tiwari SK. Comparative Analysis of Inhibition-Based and Indicator-Independent Colorimetric Assay for Screening of Bacteriocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 11:687-695. [PMID: 30032477 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Screening of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is an important aspect for the search of new/novel probiotic strains. Here, a vesicle-based colorimetric assay was compared with conventional inhibition-based antimicrobial assays using 54 isolates of LAB. All isolates demonstrated zone of growth inhibition ranging from 2.5 to 7.5 mm against indicator strain, Micrococcus luteus MTCC106 using point inoculation method. Cell-free supernatant of the isolates showed zone of growth inhibition varying from 14.5 to 25 mm using agar well diffusion assay. These isolates inhibited the growth of indicator strain by 89.56-98.65%. The antimicrobial activity present in cell-free supernatant of different isolates was found to be in the range of 10-160 AU ml- 1. The treatment of polydiacetylene (PDA) vesicles with cell-free supernatant of selected isolates led to blue-red color transition, and presence of protein band on tricine SDS-PAGE confirmed the presence of membrane-acting peptides, bacteriocins. The colorimetric responses (CR%) varied between 0 and 59%, and the assay was found to be more sensitive, faster, and reliable as compared to the other conventional indicator-based methods used. Therefore, the colorimetric assay may be specifically applied for screening of bacteriocin-producing LAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Bijender Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
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235
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Yi Y, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Liu H, Yu L, Zha J, Wang G. Probiotic potential of Bacillus velezensis JW: Antimicrobial activity against fish pathogenic bacteria and immune enhancement effects on Carassius auratus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:322-330. [PMID: 29702236 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the probiotic potential of B. velezensis JW through experimental and genomic analysis approaches. Strain JW showed antimicrobial activity against a broad range of fish pathogenic bacteria including Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Vibrio Parahemolyticus. Fish (Carassius auratus) were fed with the diets containing 0 (control), 107, and 109 cfu/g of B. velezensis JW for 4 weeks. Various immune parameters were examined at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of post-feeding. Results showed that JW supplemented diets significantly increased acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity. The mRNA expression of immune-related genes in the head kidney of C. auratus was measured. Among them, the interferon gamma gene (IFN- γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) showed higher expression after 3 and 4 weeks of feeding (P < 0.05). The expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) only being significantly upregulated by 109 cfu/g of JW after 1 week of feeding (P < 0.05). The upregulation of interleukin-4 (IL-4) increased over time from 1st to 4th week. The expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) showed an opposite expression pattern with IL-10 significantly upregulated and IL-12 significantly downregulated by JW containing diets at 2, 3, and 4 weeks of post-feeding (P < 0.05). Moreover, fish fed with JW supplemented diets showed significantly improved survival rate after A. hydrophila infection. The analysis of the genome of JW revealed several features aiding host health and being relevant to the GIT adaptation. Four bacteriocins, three Polyketide Synthetase (PKS), and five Nonribosomal Peptide-Synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters were identified in the genome. In summary, the above results clearly proved that B. velezensis JW has the potential to be developed as a probiotic agent in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglei Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lijun Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiwei Zha
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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236
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Rosa R, Donskey CJ, Munoz-Price LS. The Intersection Between Colonization Resistance, Antimicrobial Stewardship, and Clostridium difficile. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2018; 20:27. [PMID: 29882079 DOI: 10.1007/s11908-018-0631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Colonization resistance refers to the innate defense provided by the indigenous microbiota against colonization by pathogenic organisms. We aim to describe how this line of defense is deployed against Clostridium difficile and what the implications are for interventions directed by Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs. RECENT FINDINGS The indigenous microbiota provides colonization resistance through depletion of nutrients, prevention of access to adherence sites within the gut mucosa, production of inhibitory substances, and stimulation of the host's immune system. The ability to quantify colonization resistance could provide information regarding periods of maximal vulnerability to colonization with pathogens and also allow the identification of mechanisms of restoration of colonization resistance. Methods utilized to determine the composition of the gut microbiota include sequencing technologies and measurement of concentration of specific bacterial metabolites. Use of innovations in the quantification of colonization resistance can expand the role of Antimicrobial Stewardship from prevention of disruption of the indigenous microbiota to restoration of colonization resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Rosa
- UnityPoint Health, 1212 Pleasant Street Suite 300, Des Moines, IA, 50309, USA.
| | - Curtis J Donskey
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Silvia Munoz-Price
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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237
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Sidooski T, Brandelli A, Bertoli SL, Souza CKD, Carvalho LFD. Physical and nutritional conditions for optimized production of bacteriocins by lactic acid bacteria – A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2839-2849. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1474852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Sidooski
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Blumenau, São Paulo, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sávio Leandro Bertoli
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Blumenau, São Paulo, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
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238
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Anti-infectious properties of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 on enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) strain H10407. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6175-6189. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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239
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Garcia-Gutierrez E, Mayer MJ, Cotter PD, Narbad A. Gut microbiota as a source of novel antimicrobials. Gut Microbes 2018; 10:1-21. [PMID: 29584555 PMCID: PMC6363078 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1455790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya and viruses coexist in the human gut, and this coexistence is functionally balanced by symbiotic or antagonistic relationships. Antagonism is often characterized by the production of antimicrobials against other organisms occupying the same environmental niche. Indeed, close co-evolution in the gut has led to the development of specialized antimicrobials, which is attracting increased attention as these may serve as novel alternatives to antibiotics and thereby help to address the global problem of antimicrobial resistance. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is especially suitable for finding novel antimicrobials due to the vast array of microbes that inhabit it, and a considerable number of antimicrobial producers of both wide and narrow spectrum have been described. In this review, we summarize some of the antimicrobial compounds that are produced by bacteria isolated from the gut environment, with a special focus on bacteriocins. We also evaluate the potential therapeutic application of these compounds to maintain homeostasis in the gut and the biocontrol of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez
- Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
- Food Bioscience Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Melinda J. Mayer
- Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Food Bioscience Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
- APC Microbiome, Ireland
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
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240
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Fighting biofilms with lantibiotics and other groups of bacteriocins. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2018; 4:9. [PMID: 29707229 PMCID: PMC5908865 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-018-0053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are sessile communities of bacteria typically embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix. Bacterial cells embedded in biofilms are inherently recalcitrant to antimicrobials, compared to cells existing in a planktonic state, and are notoriously difficult to eradicate once formed. Avenues to tackle biofilms thus far have largely focussed on attempting to disrupt the initial stages of biofilm formation, including adhesion and maturation of the biofilm. Such an approach is advantageous as the concentrations required to inhibit formation of biofilms are generally much lower than removing a fully established biofilm. The crisis of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings worldwide has been further exacerbated by the ability of certain pathogenic bacteria to form biofilms. Perhaps the most notorious biofilm formers described from a clinical viewpoint have been methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gardnerella vaginalis and Streptococcus mutans, the latter of which is found in oral biofilms. Due to the dearth of novel antibiotics in recent decades, compounded by the increasing rate of emergence of resistance amongst pathogens with a propensity for biofilm formation, solutions are urgently required to mitigate these crises. Bacteriocins are a class of antimicrobial peptides, which are ribosomally synthesised and often are more potent than their antibiotic counterparts. Here, we review a selection of studies conducted with bacteriocins with the ultimate objective of inhibiting biofilms. Overall, a deeper understanding of the precise means by which a biofilm forms on a substrate as well as insights into the mechanisms by which bacteriocins inhibit biofilms is warranted.
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241
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Safety assessment and functional properties of four enterococci strains isolated from regional Argentinean cheese. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 277:1-9. [PMID: 29669304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The members of the Enterococcus genus are widely distributed in nature. Its strains have been extensively reported to be present in plant surfaces, soil, water and food. In an attempt to assess their potential application in food industry, four Enterococcus faecium group-strains recently isolated from Argentinean regional cheese products were evaluated using a combination of whole genome analyses and in vivo assays. In order to identify these microorganisms at species level, in silico analyses using their newly reported sequences were conducted. The average nucleotide identity (ANI), in silico DNA-DNA hybridization, and phylogenomic trees constructed using core genome data allowed IQ110, GM70 and GM75 strains to be classified as E. faecium while IQ23 strain was identified as E. durans. Besides their common origin, the strains showed differences in their genetic structure and mobile genetic element content. Furthermore, it was possible to determine the absence or presence of specific features related to growth in milk, cheese ripening, probiotic capability and gut adaptation including sugar, amino acid, and peptides utilization, flavor compound production, bile salt tolerance as well as biogenic amine production. Remarkably, all strains encoded for peptide permeases, maltose utilization, bile salt tolerance, diacetyl and tyramine production genes. On the other hand, some variability was observed regarding citrate and lactose utilization, esterase, and cell wall-associated proteinase. In addition, while strains were predicted to be non-human pathogens by the in silico inspection of pathogenicity and virulence factors, only the GM70 strain proved to be non-virulent in Galleria mellonella model. In conclusion, we propose that, in order to improve the rational selection of strains for industrial applications, a holistic approach involving a comparative genomic analysis of positive and negative features as well as in vivo evaluation of virulence behavior should be performed.
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242
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Fernández S, Fraga M, Silveyra E, Trombert AN, Rabaza A, Pla M, Zunino P. Probiotic properties of native Lactobacillus spp. strains for dairy calves. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:613-624. [PMID: 29633640 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of native microorganisms with probiotic capacity is an alternative tool for the treatment and prevention of several diseases that affect animals, such as neonatal calf diarrhoea. The selection of probiotic strains within a collection is based on different in vitro and in vivo assays, which predict their potential. The aim of this study was to characterise a group of native Lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from faeces of healthy calves using an in vitro approach and to assess their ability to colonise the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of calves. Native Lactobacillus spp. strains were evaluated on their capacity to survive low pH conditions and bile salts presence, biofilm formation and adhesion to both mucus and Caco-2 cells. Based on the in vitro characterisation, four strains (Lactobacillus johnsonii TP1.1, Lactobacillus reuteri TP1.3B, L. johnsonii TP1.6 and Lactobacillus amylovorus TP8.7) were selected to evaluate their capacity to colonise and persist in the GIT of calves. The assessment of enteric persistence involved an in vivo assay with oral administration of probiotics and quantification in faeces of the administered bacterial species with real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The study was conducted using 15 calves (1-month-old) which were divided into five groups of three animals, four of which were treated with four different selected strains and one was the control group. Strains TP1.3B and TP1.6 managed to persist in treated animals until ten days after the end of the administration period, indicating that they could be promising candidates for the design of probiotics for calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernández
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas 'Clemente Estable', Av Italia 3318, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Fraga
- 2 Animal Health Unit, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Ruta 50 Km 11, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - E Silveyra
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas 'Clemente Estable', Av Italia 3318, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A N Trombert
- 3 Genomic and Bioinformatic Centre, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Rabaza
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas 'Clemente Estable', Av Italia 3318, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Pla
- 4 Dairy Unit, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Ruta 50 Km 11, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - P Zunino
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas 'Clemente Estable', Av Italia 3318, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Feliatra F, Muchlisin ZA, Teruna HY, Utamy WR, Nursyirwani N, Dahliaty A. Potential of bacteriocins produced by probiotic bacteria isolated from tiger shrimp and prawns as antibacterial to Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas species on fish. F1000Res 2018; 7:415. [PMID: 30363877 PMCID: PMC6182674 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13958.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Bacteriocin has been used widely in industry as a biopreservative agent. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potency of Bacteriocin isolated from tiger prawn Penaeus monodon and freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii as an anti-bacterial on fish. Methods: A total of ten candidates of probiotic bacteria consisted of five isolates from tiger shrimps (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5) and five isolates from freshwater prawns (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5) were evaluated. Bacteriocin wasBacteriocin was produced by centrifugation at a speed of 150 rpm and at 37 °C for 24 hours. The bacteriocin extract was purified by adding sulphate ammonium salt {(NH4) 2SO4} at 80% of the saturation level. Bacteriocin activity was determined using a diffusion method against pathogenic bacteria Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophillaAeromonas hydrophilla and Pseudomonas stutzeri. Bacteriocins were analyzed usinganalyzedusing High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with Duncans multiple range test. Results: Bacteriocins produced by bacteria isolate H4 from tiger prawn indicated the highest bacteriocin activity againstbacteriocin activity against Pseudomonas stutzeri at stutzeri at the diameter of inhibition zone of 887.10 ± 409.24 mm 2/mL. While isolate W2 from freshwater shrimp indicated inhibition zone of 1466.96 ± 127.62 mm 2/mL. Both bacteriocins were purified by chromatography column using Sephadex LH-20. Conclusions: This finding showed that bacterial isolates H4 and W2 have the potential to produce bacteriocins which inhibit the pathogenic bacteria. FTIR analysis showed an amide group at wave number 1652cm -1 contained in the bacteriocins of isolates H4 and W2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feli Feliatra
- Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, University of Riau, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Zainal Abidin Muchlisin
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Hiwan Yuda Teruna
- Deptartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Widya Rahmi Utamy
- Deptartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Nursyirwani Nursyirwani
- Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, University of Riau, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Andi Dahliaty
- Deptartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau, Riau, Indonesia
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244
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Wayah SB, Philip K. Pentocin MQ1: A Novel, Broad-Spectrum, Pore-Forming Bacteriocin From Lactobacillus pentosus CS2 With Quorum Sensing Regulatory Mechanism and Biopreservative Potential. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:564. [PMID: 29636737 PMCID: PMC5880951 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Micrococcus luteus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus are major food-borne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. Emergence of antibiotic resistance and consumer demand for foods containing less of chemical preservatives led to a search for natural antimicrobials. A study aimed at characterizing, investigating the mechanism of action and regulation of biosynthesis and evaluating the biopreservative potential of pentocin from Lactobacillus pentosus CS2 was conducted. Pentocin MQ1 is a novel bacteriocin isolated from L. pentosus CS2 of coconut shake origin. The purification strategy involved adsorption-desorption of bacteriocin followed by RP-HPLC. It has a molecular weight of 2110.672 Da as determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and a molar extinction value of 298.82 M−1 cm−1. Pentocin MQ1 is not plasmid-borne and its biosynthesis is regulated by a quorum sensing mechanism. It has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, exhibited high chemical, thermal and pH stability but proved sensitive to proteolytic enzymes. It is potent against M. luteus, B. cereus, and L. monocytogenes at micromolar concentrations. It is quick-acting and exhibited a bactericidal mode of action against its targets. Target killing was mediated by pore formation. We report for the first time membrane permeabilization as a mechanism of action of the pentocin from the study against Gram-positive bacteria. Pentocin MQ1 is a cell wall-associated bacteriocin. Application of pentocin MQ1 improved the microbiological quality and extended the shelf life of fresh banana. This is the first report on the biopreservation of banana using bacteriocin. These findings place pentocin MQ1 as a potential biopreservative for further evaluation in food and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson B Wayah
- Microbiology Division, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Koshy Philip
- Microbiology Division, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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245
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Okuda NK, Tulini FL, Winkëlstroter LK, De Martinis ECP. Partial characterisation of a bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides
A11 and evaluation of bacteriocin production using whey as culture medium. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelly K Okuda
- Faculdade de Filosofia; Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo; Avenida Bandeirantes n. 3900 CEP 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fabricio L Tulini
- Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde - Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia; Rua Professor José Seabra de Lemos n. 316 CEP 47808-021 Barreiras Bahia Brazil
| | - Lizziane K Winkëlstroter
- Universidade do Oeste Paulista; Rua José Bongiovani n. 700 CEP 19050-920 Presidente Prudente São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina P De Martinis
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo; Avenida Bandeirantes n. 3900 CEP 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
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246
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Boubezari MT, Idoui T, Hammami R, Fernandez B, Gomaa A, Fliss I. Bacteriocinogenic properties of Escherichia coli P2C isolated from pig gastrointestinal tract: purification and characterization of microcin V. Arch Microbiol 2018; 200:771-782. [PMID: 29417164 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate the bacteriocinogenic and probiotic potential of new Gram-negative isolates. Of 22 bacterial isolates from pig intestine and chicken crops, ten isolates had demonstrated a good activity, and the most potent five strains were identified as four E. coli and one as Proteus sp. No virulence factors were detected for E. coli strains isolated from pig intestine. The semi-purified microcins proved to be resistant to temperature and pH variation, but sensitive to proteolytic enzymes. Of particular interest, strain E. coli P2C was the most potent, free of virulence genes and sensitive to tested antibiotics. Purification procedure revealed the presence of a single pure peak having a molecular mass of 8733.94 Da and matching microcin V (MccV). The sequence obtained by LC-MS/MS confirmed the presence of MccV. Purified MccV showed a good activity against pathogenic coliforms, especially E. coli O1K1H7 involved in avian colibacillosis. The present study provides evidence that E. coli strains isolated from pig intestine produce microcin-like substances. E. coli P2C is a safe MccV producer that could be a good candidate for its application as novel probiotic strain to protect livestock and enhance growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Tahar Boubezari
- Dairy Research Center (STELA) and Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, and Health, Jijel University, 18000, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Tayeb Idoui
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, and Health, Jijel University, 18000, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Riadh Hammami
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 7 K4, Canada.
| | - Benoît Fernandez
- Dairy Research Center (STELA) and Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ahmed Gomaa
- Dairy Research Center (STELA) and Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ismail Fliss
- Dairy Research Center (STELA) and Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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247
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Abstract
Despite advances over the past ten years lower respiratory tract infections still comprise around a fifth of all deaths worldwide in children under five years of age with the majority in low- and middle-income countries. Known risk factors for severe respiratory infections and poor chronic respiratory health do not fully explain why some children become sick and others do not. The respiratory tract hosts bacteria that can cause respiratory infections but also normal commensal bacteria. Together, this microbial population is called the microbiome. The composition of the respiratory microbiome in the first few months of life is likely influenced by external factors such as environment, mode of delivery and infant feeding practices, which are also associated with susceptibility to respiratory infections and wheezing illness/asthma. Recently, multiple studies have shown that respiratory microbiota profiles early in life are associated with an increased risk and frequency of subsequent respiratory infections, disease severity and occurrence of wheeze in later childhood. Early interactions between infectious agents such as viruses and the respiratory microbiome have shown to modulate host immune responses potentially affecting the course of the disease and future respiratory health. Deeper understanding of these interactions will help the development of new therapeutic agents or preventive measures that may modify respiratory health outcomes and help us to stratify at risk populations to better target our current interventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A Unger
- Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 1UW, UK.
| | - Debby Bogaert
- The University of Edinburgh/MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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248
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Sivaraj A, Sundar R, Manikkam R, Parthasarathy K, Rani U, Kumar V. Potential applications of lactic acid bacteria and bacteriocins in anti-mycobacterial therapy. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.240080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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249
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Morovic W, Roper JM, Smith AB, Mukerji P, Stahl B, Rae JC, Ouwehand AC. Safety evaluation of HOWARU ® Restore ( Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 and B. lactis Bi-07) for antibiotic resistance, genomic risk factors, and acute toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:316-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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250
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Sadishkumar V, Jeevaratnam K. Purification and partial characterization of antilisterial bacteriocin produced byPediococcus pentosaceusKJBC11 fromIdlibatter fermented withPiper betleleaves. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanathan Sadishkumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Pondicherry University; Puducherry, 605014 India
| | - Kadirvelu Jeevaratnam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Pondicherry University; Puducherry, 605014 India
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