201
|
Francisconi RS, Huacho PMM, Tonon CC, Bordini EAF, Correia MF, Sardi JDCO, Spolidorio DMP. Antibiofilm efficacy of tea tree oil and of its main component terpinen-4-ol against Candida albicans. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e050. [PMID: 32578760 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The increase in its incidence has been associated with resistance to antimicrobial therapy and biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tea tree oil (TTO) and its main component - terpinen-4-ol - against resistant Candida albicans strains (genotypes A and B) identified by molecular typing and against C. albicans ATCC 90028 and SC 5314 reference strains in planktonic and biofilm cultures. The minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum fungicidal concentration, and rate of biofilm development were used to evaluate antifungal activity. Results were obtained from analysis of the biofilm using the cell proliferation assay 2,3-Bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Terpinen-4-ol and TTO inhibited C. albicans growth. CLSM confirmed that 17.92 mg/mL of TTO and 8.86 mg/mL of terpinen-4-ol applied for 60 s (rinse simulation) interfered with biofilm formation. Hence, this in vitro study revealed that natural substances such as TTO and terpinen-4-ol present promising results for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Serignoli Francisconi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Milagros Maquera Huacho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Coradi Tonon
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marília Ferreira Correia
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Janaína de Cássia Orlandi Sardi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
202
|
Chen H, Shen Z, Wu P, Zhou H, Hao L, Xu H, Zhou X. Long effective tea tree oil/mesoporous silica sustained release system decorated by polyethyleneimine with high antibacterial performance. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1772816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huayao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichuan Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peiting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Microemulsion composed of combination of skin beneficial oils as vehicle: Development of resveratrol-loaded microemulsion based formulations for skin care applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111161. [PMID: 32521462 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsion can be a potential delivery vehicle to deliver skin care actives to deep skin layer for chronic skin care benefits. On top of skin care active, microemulsion vehicle composed of multiple skin beneficial oils can deliver additional skin care efficacies. In this study, microemulsions were developed using combinations of two skin beneficial oils, tea tree oil and medium chain triglyceride instead of single oil. For that, pseudo ternary phase diagrams were constructed on these oil combinations at different ratios of surfactant/co-surfactants. Ratio of oils and surfactant/co-surfactant combinations exhibited significant impact on the microemulsion region. A few compositions were selected from the single phase microemulsion regions of these phase diagrams for the preparation of resveratrol-loaded microemulsion and microemulsion gel formulations. The particle size of the resveratrol-loaded microemulsions were <50 nm. Cryogenic scanning electron microscope image clearly showed nano-droplets dispersed in continuous phase. Both physical and chemical stability of the formulations varied depending on their compositions, such as surfactant/co-surfactant combination and % total oil. The presence of chelating agent and anti-oxidant was also crucial to stabilize the formulations. The selected formulations demonstrated good physicochemical stability at 5 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C/75 % RH (relative humidity) stability conditions. The results further showed that the % total oil and surfactant phase composition had huge influence on resveratrol release and skin permeation patterns from the microemulsion gels. In vitro skin permeation result indicated that the microemulsion gels can help resveratrol penetration into deep skin layer. Therefore, the developed resveratrol-loaded microemulsion gels can be utilized as skin care product with multiple skin care benefits.
Collapse
|
204
|
In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils Against Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)/Carbapenamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Involved in Human Nosocomial Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9050272. [PMID: 32466117 PMCID: PMC7277674 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of four essential oils (EOs), Melaleuca alternifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita, and Thymus vulgaris, in preventing the development and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. A total of 60 strains were obtained from the stock collection from the Microbiology Laboratory of Hesperia Hospital, Modena, Italy. Twenty ESBL-producing E. coli, 5 K. pneumoniae, 13 KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, and 20 MBL-producing P. aeruginosa were cultured and reconfirmed as ESBL and carbapenamase producers. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of genes responsible for antibiotic resistance (ESBL and KPC/MBL). Antibacterial activity of the EOs was determined using the agar disk diffusion assay, and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also evaluated. Lastly, adhesion capability and biofilm formation on polystyrene and glass surfaces were studied in 24 randomly selected strains. M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs showed the best antibacterial activity against all tested strains and, as revealed by agar disk diffusion assay, M. alternifolia was the most effective, even at low concentrations. This effect was also confirmed by MICs, with values ranging from 0.5 to 16 µg/mL and from 1 to 16 µg/mL, for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively. The EOs' antibacterial activity compared to antibiotics confirmed M. alternifolia EO as the best antibacterial agent. T. vulgaris EO also showed a good antibacterial activity with MICs lower than both reference antibiotics. Lastly, a significant anti-biofilm activity was observed for the two EOs (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively). A good antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs against all selected strains was observed, thus demonstrating a future possible use of these EOs to treat infections caused by ESBL/carbapenemase-producing strains, even in association with antibiotics.
Collapse
|
205
|
Melaleuca leucadendra Essential Oil Promotes Loss of Cell Membrane and Wall Integrity and Inhibits Bacterial Growth: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:2181-2191. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
206
|
Bertocchi M, Rigillo A, Elmi A, Ventrella D, Aniballi C, G. Scorpio D, Scozzoli M, Bettini G, Forni M, Bacci ML. Preliminary Assessment of the Mucosal Toxicity of Tea Tree ( Melaleuca alternifolia) and Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis) Essential Oils on Novel Porcine Uterus Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093350. [PMID: 32397373 PMCID: PMC7247571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance, an ever-growing global crisis, is strongly linked to the swine production industry. In previous studies, Melaleucaalternifolia and Rosmarinusofficinalis essential oils have been evaluated for toxicity on porcine spermatozoa and for antimicrobial capabilities in artificial insemination doses, with the future perspective of their use as antibiotic alternatives. The aim of the present research was to develop and validate in vitro and ex vivo models of porcine uterine mucosa for the evaluation of mucosal toxicity of essential oils. The in vitro model assessed the toxicity of a wider range of concentrations of both essential oils (from 0.2 to 500 mg/mL) on sections of uterine tissue, while the ex vivo model was achieved by filling the uterine horns. The damage induced by the oils was assessed by Evans Blue (EB) permeability assay and histologically. The expression of ZO-1, a protein involved in the composition of tight junctions, was assessed through immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that low concentrations (0.2–0.4 mg/mL) of both essential oils, already identified as non-spermicidal but still antimicrobial, did not alter the structure and permeability of the swine uterine mucosa. Overall, these findings strengthen the hypothesis of a safe use of essential oils in inseminating doses of boar to replace antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Antonella Rigillo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Alberto Elmi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0512097923
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Camilla Aniballi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Diana G. Scorpio
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Giuliano Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Maria Laura Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (M.B.); (A.R.); (D.V.); (C.A.); (D.G.S.); (G.B.); (M.F.); (M.L.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
IR spectroscopic and photoluminescence studies of plasma polymerized organic thin films based on tea tree oil. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
208
|
Leclercq L, Tessier J, Douyère G, Nardello-Rataj V, Schmitzer AR. Phytochemical- and Cyclodextrin-Based Pickering Emulsions: Natural Potentiators of Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antibiofilm Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4317-4323. [PMID: 32271592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present self-assembled Pickering emulsions containing biocidal phytochemical oils (carvacrol and terpinen-4-ol) and β-cyclodextrin able to potentiate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of miconazoctylium bromide. The carvacrol-containing emulsion is 2-fold more sensitive against C. albicans and S. aureus and highly active against E. coli, compared to the commercial cream containing miconazole nitrate. Moreover, this emulsion shows a synergistic effect against fungi, additive responses against bacteria, and remarkable staphylococcal biofilm eradication. These results are associated with membrane permeabilization, enzymes inhibition, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérémie Tessier
- Université de Montréal, Département de Chimie, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Grégory Douyère
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Véronique Nardello-Rataj
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Andreea R Schmitzer
- Université de Montréal, Département de Chimie, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Curative and Suppressive Activities of Essential Tea Tree Oil against Fungal Plant Pathogens. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10040609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Timorex Gold based on the essential tea tree oil (TTO) derived from the Australian tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) plant has demonstrated high efficacy and a strong curative activity against black Sigatoka in banana and controlled it in stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 of disease development. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) examination of infected leaf sections treated with Timorex Gold revealed disruption of the fungal cell membrane and destruction of the fungal cell wall in disease development stages 4 and 5. Mineral oil and the fungicide difenoconazole, when applied alone, had no curative effect and did not disrupt the fungal cell wall or membrane, similar to the untreated control tissue. A single spray of Timorex Gold effectively controlled and suppressed powdery mildew in cucumber by causing the disappearance of 99% of established colonies recorded 1 or 2 days after the application and was effective for up to 8 days after application. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of infected and Timorex Gold-treated leaves indicated strong shrinkage and disruption of fungal hyphae and conidial cells. The curative and suppressive modes of action of the Timorex Gold may explain its success in controlling both diseases.
Collapse
|
210
|
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of some essential oils against multidrug resistant bacteria. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
211
|
Promising antimicrobial activities of oil and silver nanoparticles obtained from Melaleuca alternifolia leaves against selected skin-infecting pathogens. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
212
|
Ripari F, Cera A, Freda M, Zumbo G, Zara F, Vozza I. Tea Tree Oil versus Chlorhexidine Mouthwash in Treatment of Gingivitis: A Pilot Randomized, Double Blinded Clinical Trial. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:55-62. [PMID: 32168532 PMCID: PMC7069753 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1703999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective
The study evaluated the efficacy of tea tree oil for the treatment of gingivitis.
Materials and Methods
The tea tree oil was administered in the form of mouthwash and then compared with a mouthwash with chlorhexidine 0.12%. Both treatments were domestic and lasted for 14 days. Patients were chosen according to random criteria, aged between 18 and 60 years, and who showed a clinically evident gingivitis. In clinical evaluation, the following clinical criteria were taken into consideration: gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI), probing depth (PD), the presence of dental dyschromia, and the presence of taste alteration. The subjects were evaluated before (T0) and after the treatment (T1), and the data collected for each patient were recorded on a periodontal chart.
Results
The comparison showed that tea tree oil offered a better improvement in the evaluation of PI, BOP, and PD; furthermore, it did not cause dental dyschromia and taste alteration. In group A, treated with tea tree oil, PI decreased from 53.25 to 5.50% and BI from 38.41 to 4.22%. In group B, treated with chlorhexidine PI decreased from 47.69 to 2.37% and BI from 32.93 to 6.28%. Instead, the subjects using chlorhexidine 0.12% blamed a distaste for the product that caused a slight taste alteration; 20% of them showed iatrogenic dental dyschromia.
Conclusions
The collected data showed the efficacy of both treatments. Although further research works will be necessary, this study showed that tea tree oil could be an effective nontoxic substitute for the therapy of gingivitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ripari
- Department of Oral and Maxillo facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Cera
- Department of Oral and Maxillo facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Freda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Zumbo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Zara
- Department of Oral and Maxillo facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Vozza
- Department of Oral and Maxillo facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Comparison of honey and natural ointment based on honey-tea tree oil on the healing of diabetic foot ulcer. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
214
|
Vetere A, Bertocchi M, Pelizzone I, Moggia E, Travaglino C, Della Grotta M, Casali S, Gerosa S, Strada L, Filia K, Casalini J, Parmigiani E, Di Ianni F. Acute tea tree oil intoxication in a pet cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus): a case report. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:29. [PMID: 32005244 PMCID: PMC6995176 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytotherapy is becoming a more and more common practice, not only for personal care but also for pet care. Nevertheless, we often have to deal with substances on which, in most cases, very little literature is available, even more so if the species of interest are the exotic ones. In particular, the essential oil from the Melaleuca leaves, because of its antinflammatory and antibacterial properties, is widely used and very little is known about its potential toxicity on pet birds. The present paper describes the first case of Tea tree oil intoxication in a pet bird. CASE PRESENTATION A one-year-old, 80 g male cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was presented for clinical examination due to a serious despondency episode after the application of 3 drops of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifoglia) directly on the cutis of its right wing. The subject was urgently hospitalized and blood tests were performed.Serum biochemical values showed severe liver damage and slight renal involvement, complete blood count (CBC) parameters indicated a moderate neutrophilia a moderate neutropenia. Warm subcutaneous fluids and vitamin (VIT) B12 were administered, and after 8 h of fluid therapy the clinical condition of the patient improved. The subject was discharged after 48 h of hospitalization, in stable conditions. CONCLUSIONS Toxicosis are relatively common in bird pets and a number of cases are reported in literature, concerning heavy metals intoxications and toxic plants ingestion. However, in literature there are no described cases regarding Melaleuca oil intoxication in pet birds, but it has been reported in humans (mainly by ingestion) as well as in dogs, cats and rats. We hope that this first case report can be an initial aid in the knowledge of this potential toxicosis and therefore in the clinical veterinary practice of pet birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mara Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy.
| | - Igor Pelizzone
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Casali
- Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy
| | | | - Laura Strada
- Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Katia Filia
- Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Jacopo Casalini
- Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy
- Clinica Veterinaria Dott. Mario Crippa, Barzago (LC), Italy
| | - Enrico Parmigiani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy
| | - Francesco Di Ianni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Moeini A, Pedram P, Makvandi P, Malinconico M, Gomez d'Ayala G. Wound healing and antimicrobial effect of active secondary metabolites in chitosan-based wound dressings: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115839. [PMID: 32059889 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing can lead to complex clinical problems, hence finding an efficient approach to enhance the healing process is necessary. An ideal wound dressing should treat wounds at reasonable costs, with minimal inconveniences for the patient. Chitosan is one of the most investigated biopolymers for wound healing applications due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and antimicrobial activity. Moreover, chitosan and its derivative have attracted numerous attentions because of the accelerating wound healing, and easy processability into different forms (gels, foams, membranes, and beads). All these properties make chitosan-based materials particularly versatile and promising for wound dressings. Besides, secondary natural metabolites could potentially act like the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents and accelerate the healing process. This review collected almost all studies regarding natural compounds applications in wound healing by focusing on the chitosan-based bioactive wound dressing systems. An accurate analysis of different chitosan formulations and the influence of bioactive compounds on their wound healing properties are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Moeini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Universityof Naples "Federico II", Italy.
| | - Parisa Pedram
- Department of Chemical, Materialsand Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB), Italy
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Italy; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mario Malinconico
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
216
|
Fabrication of Antibacterial Nanofibrous Membrane Infused with Essential Oil Extracted from Tea Tree for Packaging Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010125. [PMID: 31948088 PMCID: PMC7022430 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanofibers made by electrospinning are being applied to an unlimited number of applications. In this paper, we propose the fabrication of antimicrobial functional nanofibers infused with essential oil for packaging applications that can extend the shelf-life of fruits. The morphology of nanofibers with different concentrations of essential oil was characterized by SEM and mechanical enhancement was confirmed via universal testing machine (UTM). The surface chemistry and crystalline of the nanofibers were investigated by FTIR and XRD, respectively. The CO2 reduction study was carried out using a hand-made experimental apparatus and nanofiber hydrophobicity, which can prevent moisture penetration from the outside, was evaluated by contact angle. Antimicrobial properties of the functional nanofibers were estimated by using Gram-negative/positive bacteria. The cytotoxicity of the functional nanofibers was studied using fibroblast cells. Furthermore, this study investigated how long the shelf-life of tomatoes was extended. The nanofibers could serve as a multifunctional packaging, as an emerging technology in agricultural products, and even contribute to a better quality of various distributed agricultural products.
Collapse
|
217
|
Soulissa A, Afifah J, Herryawan, Widyarman A. The effect of tea tree oil in inhibiting the adhesion of pathogenic periodontal biofilms in vitro. SCIENTIFIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/sdj.sdj_33_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
218
|
Riaz S, Ashraf M. Recent Advances in Development of Antimicrobial Textiles. TEXTILE SCIENCE AND CLOTHING TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3669-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
219
|
Esmael A, Hassan MG, Amer MM, Abdelrahman S, Hamed AM, Abd-raboh HA, Foda MF. Antimicrobial activity of certain natural-based plant oils against the antibiotic-resistant acne bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:448-455. [PMID: 31889869 PMCID: PMC6933203 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The unceasing emerging of multidrug-resistant bacteria imposes a global foremost human health threat and discovery of new alternative remedies are necessity. The use of plant essential oil in the treatment of many pathogenic bacteria is promising. Acne vulgaris is the most common skin complaint that fears many people about their aesthetic appearance. In this work we investigated the antibacterial activity of some plant oils against acne-inducing bacteria. Three bacterial isolates were identified from Egypt, biochemically and by means of 16s rRNA gene typing, and were designated as Staphylococcus aureus EG-AE1, Staphylococcus epidermidis EG-AE2 and Cutibacterium acnes EG-AE1. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed resistance of the isolates to at least six antibiotics, yet they are still susceptible to the last resort Vancomycin. In vitro investigations of eleven Egyptian plant oils, identified tea tree and rosemary oils to exhibit antibacterial activity against the antibiotic-resistant acne isolates. Inhibition zones of 15 ± 0.5, 21.02 ± 0.73 and 20.85 ± 0.76 mm was detected when tea tree oil applied against the above-mentioned bacteria respectively, while inhibition zones of 12.5 ± 1.5, 15.18 ± 0.38 and 14.77 ± 0.35 mm were detected by rosemary oils. Tea tree and rosemary oils exhibited bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against all the strains with MICs/MBCs ranging between 39-78 mg/L for tea tree oil and 39-156 mg/L for rosemary oil. All the isolates were killed after 4 and 6 h upon growing with 200 mg/L of tea tree and rosemary oils, respectively. Additionally, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) profiling identified and detected a variable number of antimicrobial compounds in both oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Esmael
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate 13511, Egypt
| | - Mervat G. Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate 13511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Amer
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate 13511, Egypt
| | - Soheir Abdelrahman
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate 13511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Hamed
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate 13511, Egypt
| | - Hagar A. Abd-raboh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Qalubiya Governorate 13511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. Foda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Melegari G, Iseppi R, Mariani M, Giuliani E, Caciagli V, Bertellini E, Messi P, Barbieri A. Keyboard Contamination in Intensive Care Unit: Is Cleaning Enough? Prospective Research of In Situ Effectiveness of a Tea Tree Oil (KTEO) Film. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1323:91-102. [PMID: 32914396 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
After the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, disinfection practices and microbial load reduction have become even more important and rigorous. To determine the contamination of keyboard surface and the relative risk to transfer healthcare-associated pathogens to susceptible patients, as it frequently happens in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), a standard keyboard (SK), a cleanable keyless keyboard (KK) with smooth surface and a standard keyboard coated with a 3 M Tegaderm® film added with active essential oil (tea tree oil) (KTEO) were tested. S. aureus, including MRSA strains, were detected in ICU, with values ranging from 15% to 57%. Gram negative strains belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family were also found with values ranging from 14% to 71%. Similar Gram positive and Gram negative strains were found on all surfaces, but with low percentage, and only environmental bacteria were detected using the settling plates method. The Microbial Challenge Test performed on KTEO showed high rates of decrease for all the pathogens with statistical significance both at 24 and 48 h (p = 0.003* and p = 0.040*, respectively). Our results suggest that the use of KTEO may be a feasible strategy for reducing the transmission of pathogens in health care setting and may be complementary to surface cleaning protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Melegari
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.
| | - Ramona Iseppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Martina Mariani
- Department Department of Medical, Surgical, Maternal-Child and Adult Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Giuliani
- Department Department of Medical, Surgical, Maternal-Child and Adult Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valeria Caciagli
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care of University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bertellini
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Messi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Barbieri
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care of University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Fatima Z, Singh S, Hameed S. Nanophytotherapeutic Potential of Essential Oils Against Candida Infections. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9898-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
222
|
Torres NJ, Hartson SD, Rogers J, Gustafson JE. Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses of a Tea-Tree Oil-Selected Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variant. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040248. [PMID: 31816949 PMCID: PMC6963719 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea tree oil (TTO) is hypothesized to kill bacteria by indiscriminately denaturing membrane and protein structures. A Staphylococcus aureus small colony variant (SCV) selected with TTO (SH1000-TTORS-1) demonstrated slowed growth, reduced susceptibility to TTO, a diminutive cell size, and a thinned cell wall. Utilizing a proteomics and metabolomics approach, we have now revealed that the TTO-selected SCV mutant demonstrated defective fatty acid synthesis, an alteration in the expression of genes and metabolites associated with central metabolism, the induction of a general stress response, and a reduction of proteins critical for active growth and translation. SH1000-TTORS-1 also demonstrated an increase in amino acid accumulation and a decrease in sugar content. The reduction in glycolytic pathway proteins and sugar levels indicated that carbon flow through glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is reduced in SH1000-TTORS-1. The increase in amino acid accumulation coincides with the reduced production of translation-specific proteins and the induction of proteins associated with the stringent response. The decrease in sugar content likely deactivates catabolite repression and the increased amino acid pool observed in SH1000-TTORS-1 represents a potential energy and carbon source which could maintain carbon flow though the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. It is noteworthy that processes that contribute to the production of the TTO targets (proteins and membrane) are reduced in SH1000-TTORS-1. This is one of a few studies describing a mechanism that bacteria utilize to withstand the action of an antiseptic which is thought to inactivate multiple cellular targets.
Collapse
|
223
|
Al-Asadi S, Malik A, Bakiu R, Santovito G, Menz I, Schuller K. Characterization of the peroxiredoxin 1 subfamily from Tetrahymena thermophila. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4745-4768. [PMID: 31129858 PMCID: PMC11105310 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are antioxidant enzymes that use redox active Cys residues to reduce H2O2 and various organic hydroperoxides to less reactive products, and thereby protect cells against oxidative stress. In yeasts and mammals, the Prx1 proteins are sensitive to hyperoxidation and consequent loss of their peroxidase activity whereas in most bacteria they are not. In this paper we report the characterization of the Prx1 family in the non-parasitic protist Tetrahymena thermophila. In this organism, four genes potentially encoding Prx1 have been identified. In particular, we show that the mitochondrial Prx1 protein (Prx1m) from T. thermophila is relatively robust to hyperoxidation. This is surprising given that T. thermophila is a eukaryote like yeasts and mammals. In addition, the proliferation of the T. thermophila cells was relatively robust to inhibition by H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide and plant natural products that are known to promote the production of H2O2. In the presence of these agents, the abundance of the T. thermophila Prx1m protein was shown to increase. This suggested that the Prx1m protein may be protecting the cells against oxidative stress. There was no evidence for any increase in Prx1m gene expression in the stressed cells. Thus, increasing protein stability rather than increasing gene expression may explain the increasing Prx1m protein abundance we observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad Al-Asadi
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Arif Malik
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Rigers Bakiu
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Ian Menz
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Kathryn Schuller
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Kokoska L, Kloucek P, Leuner O, Novy P. Plant-Derived Products as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents in Human Health Care. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5501-5541. [PMID: 30182844 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180831144344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A number of papers reporting antimicrobial properties of extracts, essential oils, resins and various classes of compounds isolated from higher plants have been published in recent years; however, a comprehensive analysis of plant-derived antimicrobial agents currently applied in practice for the improvement of human health is still lacking. This review summarizes data on clinical efficacy, antimicrobial effects and the chemistry of commercially available antibacterial and antifungal agents of plant origin currently used in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal, oral, respiratory, skin, and urinary infections. As a result of an analysis of the literature, more than 40 plant-derived over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, cosmetics, herbal medicines, and functional foods containing complex mixtures (e.g. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, and Pistacia lentiscus resin), pure compounds (e.g. benzoic acid, berberine, eucalyptol, salicylic acid and thymol) as well as their derivatives and complexes (e.g. bismuth subsalicylate and zinc pyrithione) have been identified. The effectiveness of many of these products is illustrated by results of clinical trials and supported by data on there in vitro antimicrobial activity. A broad spectrum of various commercial products currently available on the market and their welldocumented clinical efficacy suggests that plants are prospective sources for the identification of new types of antimicrobial agents in future. Innovative approaches and methodologies for effective proof-of-concept research and the development of new types of plant-derived products effective against recently emerging problems related to human microbial diseases (e.g. antimicrobial resistance) are also proposed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Kokoska
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kloucek
- Department of Quality of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Leuner
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Novy
- Department of Quality of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Silveira MP, Silva HC, Pimentel IC, Poitevin CG, Costa Stuart AK, Carpiné D, Matos Jorge LM, Jorge RMM. Development of active cassava starch cellulose nanofiber‐based films incorporated with natural antimicrobial tea tree essential oil. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Patricio Silveira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| | - Helen Costa Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| | - Ida Chapaval Pimentel
- Department of Basic PathologyFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| | - Carolina Gracia Poitevin
- Department of Basic PathologyFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| | - Andressa Katiski Costa Stuart
- Department of Basic PathologyFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| | - Danielle Carpiné
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| | - Luiz Mario Matos Jorge
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMaringá State University (UEM), 5790 Colombo Avenue Maringá 87020‐900 Brazil
| | - Regina Maria Matos Jorge
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue Curitiba 81531‐980 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Abstract
Terpenes, also known as terpenoids are the largest and most diverse group of naturally occurring compounds. Based on the number of isoprene units they have, they are classified as mono, di, tri, tetra, and sesquiterpenes. They are mostly found in plants and form the major constituent of essential oils from plants. Among the natural products that provide medical benefits for an organism, terpenes play a major and variety of roles. The common plant sources of terpenes are tea, thyme, cannabis, Spanish sage, and citrus fruits (e.g., lemon, orange, mandarin). Terpenes have a wide range of medicinal uses among which antiplasmodial activity is notable as its mechanism of action is similar to the popular antimalarial drug in use—chloroquine. Monoterpenes specifically are widely studied for their antiviral property. With growing incidents of cancer and diabetes in modern world, terpenes also have the potential to serve as anticancer and antidiabetic reagents. Along with these properties, terpenes also allow for flexibility in route of administration and suppression of side effects. Certain terpenes were widely used in natural folk medicine. One such terpene is curcumin which holds anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antiseptic, antiplasmodial, astringent, digestive, diuretic, and many other properties. Curcumin has also become a recent trend in healthy foods and open doors for several medical researches. This chapter summarizes the various terpenes, their sources, medicinal properties, mechanism of action, and the recent studies that are underway for designing terpenes as a lead molecule in the modern medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Joshee
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA USA
| | - Sadanand A. Dhekney
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD USA
| | - Prahlad Parajuli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI USA
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Ali M, Mujib A, Gulzar B, Zafar N. Essential oil yield estimation by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation in in vitro cultivated tissues of Coriandrum sativum L.. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:414. [PMID: 31696019 PMCID: PMC6811470 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coriandrum sativum is an important spice plant known for its unique fragrance. Coriander oil is also one of the major essential oils in world global market. The oil yield varies with different coriander varieties; and the content and quality of oil is governed by several factors. In recent times, a variety of technologies have been exploited to improve phyto-compounds including essential oils. In this present study, Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was amended in medium and the yield of essential oil was measured and compared in different cultivating tissues. The cultured tissues were nonembryogenic callus and embryogenic tissues (induction, proliferation and maturation stages of embryos). MeJA acts as a signaling molecule in accumulating secondary metabolites. Four different MeJA treatments i.e. T1 = 50, T2 = 100, T3 = 150 and T4 = 200 μM, along with a control (T0) were used and the yield of coriander essential oil was estimated in different in vitro cultivating tissues by using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The addition of MEJA enriched essential oil yield, maximum oil being in maturation stage of embryos at T3 (150 μM). Other added treatments also had varied stimulatory role. The addition of MeJA induced stress as the stress marker enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) content were high compared to non treated tissue (T0). In T4, the CAT activity was maximum i.e. 5.83 and 6.28 mg-1 protein min-1 in Co-1 and RS respectively in matured somatic embryos. The SOD activity was also high at maturation stage of embryos at T4 (5.3 mg-1 protein min-1 in RS). The APX activity on the other, was high (3.32 mg-1 protein min-1) in induction stage of embryogenesis at T3. The comparative biochemical (sugar, protein and proline) analyses of tissues were performed and presented that had high and low essential oil. MeJA induced stress may help in accumulating essential oils in C. sativum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Ali
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Abdul Mujib
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Basit Gulzar
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Nadia Zafar
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
|
229
|
Elmi A, Prosperi A, Zannoni A, Bertocchi M, Scorpio DG, Forni M, Foni E, Bacci ML, Ventrella D. Antimicrobial capabilities of non-spermicidal concentrations of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oils on the liquid phase of refrigerated swine seminal doses. Res Vet Sci 2019; 127:76-81. [PMID: 31678456 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is increasing within the porcine industry with consequential high impact on human health, leading to a need for new antimicrobials. Lately, the scientific community has turned its interest towards natural compounds, and different essential oils have been tested on spermatozoa for preliminary assessment of toxicity before considering them as good substitutes for standard antibiotics. The aim of the present work was to investigate the potential antimicrobial effect of Melaleuca alternifolia and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils, already evaluated for toxicity, on swine artificial insemination doses deprived of spermatozoa and stored at 16 °C for 5 days. This was accomplished by setting up an in vitro model with a standardized quantity of E. coli. Essential oils, previously chemo-characterized by means of gas chromatography, were tested at 0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml. Analyses, performed at 24 and 120 h, included optical density evaluation, bacterial DNA quantification by qPCR, and colony count. The results demonstrate that both Melaleuca alternifolia and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils, at a concentration of 0.4 mg/ml, are capable of delivering similar effects to ampicillin, used as control, on the experimental samples. At the lower concentration, M. alternifolia essential oil seemed more effective when compared to R. officinalis. Overall, these findings strengthen the hypothesis of the potential use of phyto-complexes as antimicrobial agents for reproductive biotechnologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Elmi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Alice Prosperi
- Section of Parma, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia dell'Emilia-Romagna, Via dei Mercati 13/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Martina Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Diana G Scorpio
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy; Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Emanuela Foni
- Section of Parma, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia dell'Emilia-Romagna, Via dei Mercati 13/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy.
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Enhanced Killing of Candida krusei by Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes in the Presence of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Melaleuca alternifolia and "Mentha of Pancalieri" Essential Oils. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213824. [PMID: 31652809 PMCID: PMC6864523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of tea tree oil (TTO) and "Mentha of Pancalieri" essential oil (MPP) on intracellular killing of Candida krusei, often resistant to conventional drugs, by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs). Intracellular killing was investigated by incubating yeasts and PMNs with essential oils (EOs) at 1/4 and 1/8 × MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration), in comparison with anidulafungin, used as a reference drug. Killing values were expressed as Survival Index (SI) values. The cytotoxicity of EOs was evaluated by 3-[4,-5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Both EOs were more efficaceous at 1/8 × MIC than 1/4 × MIC, with killing values higher than observed in EO-free systems and in presence of anidulafungin, indicating that the decreasing concentrations did not cause lower candidacidal activity. This better activity at 1/8 × MIC is probably due to the EOs' toxicity at 1/4 × MIC, suggesting that at higher concentrations EOs might interfere with PMNs functionality. TTO and MPP at 1/8 × MIC significantly increased intracellular killing by PMNs through their direct action on the yeasts (both EOs) or on phagocytic cells (MPP), suggesting a positive interaction between EOs and PMNs to eradicate intracellular C. krusei. These data showed a promising potential application of TTO and "Mentha of Pancalieri" EO as natural adjuvants in C. krusei infection management.
Collapse
|
231
|
Bitton E, Ngo W, Dupont P. Eyelid hygiene products: A scoping review. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2019; 42:591-597. [PMID: 31635938 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Etty Bitton
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown station, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - William Ngo
- Center for Ocular Research and Education, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Patrice Dupont
- Bibliothèque de la santé, Université de Montréal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Essential Oils and Their Natural Active Compounds Presenting Antifungal Properties. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203713. [PMID: 31619024 PMCID: PMC6832927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The current rise in invasive fungal infections due to the increase in immunosuppressive therapies is a real concern. Moreover, the emergence of resistant strains induces therapeutic failures. In light of these issues, new classes of antifungals are anticipated. Therefore, the plant kingdom represents an immense potential of natural resources to exploit for these purposes. The aim of this review is to provide information about the antifungal effect of some important essential oils, and to describe the advances made in determining the mechanism of action more precisely. Finally, the issues of toxicity and resistance of fungi to essential oils will be discussed.
Collapse
|
233
|
Liu H, Geng M, Qin Y, Xiao Y, Li M. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of medicinal tea tree ( Melaleuca alternifolia). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019; 4:3307-3308. [PMID: 33365968 PMCID: PMC7707254 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1673246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melaleuca alternifolia is commonly known as the medicinal tea tree. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence is 160,104 bp in length, with a quantitative molecule structure comprising two copies of inverted repeats (IRa and IRb) of 26,737 bp separated by a large single copy (LSC) of 88,151bp, a small single copy (SSC) of 18,479 bp. A total of 131 genes were identified including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes and two pseudogene (Ψycf1, ΨinfA), respectively. Phylogenomic analysis suggests that M. alternifolia is closely related to the rest species of Myrtaceae with strong bootstrap values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Maolin Geng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Yufei Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Mimi Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and its essential oil: antimicrobial, antioxidant and acaricidal effects in poultry production. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933919000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
235
|
Kalouta K, Eleni P, Boukouvalas C, Vassilatou K, Krokida M. Dynamic mechanical analysis of novel cosmeceutical facial creams containing nano-encapsulated natural plant and fruit extracts. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:1146-1154. [PMID: 31529673 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cosmetic industry following the recent trends in the relative market has turned its interest in the formation of cosmeceutical products containing natural bioactive ingredients. Natural extracts may reveal undesirable sensory characteristics due to their composition. Encapsulation and nanotechnology are the most promising methods to overcome these drawbacks, opening up new perspectives for the future of cosmeceutical industry. AIMS The purpose of this study was the use of nano-encapsulated plant and fruit extracts to formulate cosmeceutical facial creams with acceptable rheological characteristics. METHODS Electrohydrodynamic process was used to encapsulate pomegranate and tea tree oil extracts and incorporate them in facial cosmetic creams. All the formulations including those without additives, were stored at three different temperatures. Subsequently, rheological oscillatory tests (frequency sweep tests) were performed using the dynamic mechanical analysis method in order to evaluate alterations in storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G''), and complex viscosity (η*). RESULTS Dynamic mechanical analysis, showed that all formulations are suitable for application in cosmetic industry, while changes due to storage period or the storage temperature were negligible. CONCLUSION The addition of the selected extracts' nanofibers to formulate cosmeceutical facial creams, developed products with acceptable rheological characteristics that could be decisive for the cosmetics industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kleopatra Kalouta
- Laboratory of Process Analysis and Design, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Eleni
- Laboratory of Process Analysis and Design, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Boukouvalas
- Laboratory of Process Analysis and Design, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Magdalini Krokida
- Laboratory of Process Analysis and Design, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Labib RM, Ayoub IM, Michel HE, Mehanny M, Kamil V, Hany M, Magdy M, Moataz A, Maged B, Mohamed A. Appraisal on the wound healing potential of Melaleuca alternifolia and Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil-loaded chitosan topical preparations. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219561. [PMID: 31525200 PMCID: PMC6746351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the wound healing potential of three chitosan-based topical preparations loaded with either tea tree essential oil, rosemary essential oil or a mixture of both oils in vivo. Essential oils of M. alternifolia and R. officinalis were analyzed using GC/MS. Essential oil-loaded chitosan topical preparations were formulated. Wound healing potential was evaluated in vivo using an excision wound model in rats. GC/MS analysis of M. alternifolia and R. officinalis essential oils revealed richness in oxygenated monoterpenes, representing 51.06% and 69.61% of the total oil composition, respectively. Topical application of chitosan-based formulation loaded with a mixture of tea tree and rosemary oils resulted in a significant increase in wound contraction percentage compared to either group treated with individual essential oils and the untreated group. Histopathological examination revealed that topical application of tea tree and rosemary oil combination demonstrated complete re-epithelialization associated with activated hair follicles. The high percentage of oxygenated monoterpenes in both essential oils play an important role in the antioxidant and wound healing potential observed herein. Incorporation of tea tree and rosemary essential oils in chitosan-based preparations in appropriate combination could efficiently promote different stages of wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rola M. Labib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy E. Michel
- Department of Pharmcology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina Mehanny
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Verena Kamil
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Meryl Hany
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mirette Magdy
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Moataz
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boula Maged
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Comparison of antifungal activity of essential oils from different plants against three fungi. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110821. [PMID: 31533060 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The antifungal activity of plant essential oils (EOs) extracted by steam distillation from seven different species (Cinnamon, Anise, Clove, Citronella, Peppermint, Pepper, and Camphor) was investigated. Three common fungi were isolated from moldy wheat bread, which were identified as Aspergillus niger, A. oryzae, and A. ochraceus. The antifungal activity of anise, peppermint, clove, cinnamon, pepper, citronella, and camphor EOs from seven different spices was confirmed by agar diffusion assay against three fungi. Among all the EOs, the cinnamon EO showed the highest antifungal activity for all the fungi strains with the largest inhibition zone at the concentration of 800 mg/mL and lowest MIC ranging from 0.0625 to 0.125 mg/mL, followed by clove EO. The remaining EOs exerted moderate inhibitory effects. Further research indicated the substantial inhibitory activities of cinnamon and clove EOs on mycelial growth and spore germination in a dose-dependent manner. Further, the in vivo inhibitory activity of selected EOs on naturally infected bread demonstrated that cinnamon and clove EOs can as be used as natural antifungal agents.
Collapse
|
238
|
Wu SC, Han F, Song MR, Chen S, Li Q, Zhang Q, Zhu K, Shen JZ. Natural Flavones from Morus alba against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Targeting the Proton Motive Force and Membrane Permeability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10222-10234. [PMID: 31385700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) critically requires alternative therapeutic options. New antibacterial drugs and strategies are urgently needed to combat MRSA-associated infections. Here, we investigated the antibacterial activity of flavones from Morus alba and the potential mode of action against MRSA. Kuwanon G, kuwanon H, mulberrin, and morusin displayed high efficiency in killing diverse MRSA isolates. On the basis of structure-activity analysis, the cyclohexene-phenyl ketones and isopentenyl groups were critical to increase the membrane permeability and to dissipate the proton motive force. Meanwhile, mechanistic studies further showed that kuwanon G displayed rapid bactericidal activity in vitrowith difficulty in developing drug resistance. Kuwanon G targeted phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in the cytoplasmic membrane through the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Additionally, kuwanon G promoted wound healing in a mouse model of MRSA skin infection. In summary, these results indicate that flavones are promising lead compounds to treat MRSA-associated infections through disrupting the proton motive force and membrane permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Cheng Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Qingdao Agricultural University , No. 700 Changcheng Road , Qingdao 266109 , Shandong , China
- College of Agriculture and Forestry , Linyi University , No. 1 Gongye Road , Linyi 276000 , Shandong , China
| | - Fei Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Mei-Rong Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Shang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Gurnee EA, Kamath S, Kruse L. Complementary and alternative therapy for pediatric acne: A review of botanical extracts, dietary interventions, and oral supplements. Pediatr Dermatol 2019; 36:596-601. [PMID: 31231870 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Many supplements and products containing botanical extracts are marketed to patients for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Additionally, increasing attention has been paid to the role of diet in acne vulgaris. Studies on this topic including pediatric patients are limited, with variable efficacy data. Despite these limitations, knowledge of alternative therapies in pediatric acne vulgaris is often expected from pediatric dermatologists. Here we review available data on the efficacy of complementary and alternative medicines for treatment of acne in pediatric patients, focusing on topical, oral, and dietary modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Gurnee
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sonia Kamath
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lacey Kruse
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Ergun SB, Saribas GS, Yarayici S, Elmazoglu Z, Cardak A, Ozogul C, Ilhan MN, Karasu C, Evren Kemer O. Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Two Tea Tree Oil-Based Formulations in Patients with Chronic Blepharitis: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019; 28:888-897. [DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1644349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sule Berk Ergun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulistan Sanem Saribas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Sait Yarayici
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zubeyir Elmazoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aziz Cardak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Candan Ozogul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Kyrenia Faculty of Medicine, Kyrenia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
| | - Mustafa Necmi Ilhan
- Department of Public Health, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cimen Karasu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Evren Kemer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Numune Health Practice and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Mohammadpour M, Maleki S, Khorrami-Nejad M. The effect of tea tree oil on dry eye treatment after phacoemulsification cataract surgery: A randomized clinical trial. Eur J Ophthalmol 2019; 30:1314-1319. [PMID: 31379213 DOI: 10.1177/1120672119867642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of eyelid scrubbing with eye shampoo containing tea tree oil on dry eye disease following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. METHODS This prospective triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on 62 eyes of 62 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups-(1) treatment group: for 33 patients in the treatment group, artificial tears, topical steroid drops, and eye shampoos with tea tree oil and (2) for 29 patients in the control group, artificial tears, topical steroids, and eye shampoos without tea tree oil were used. In the first and second (after 1 month) follow-up visits, microscopic Demodex examination, refraction, corrected distance visual acuity, the ocular surface disease index score (by the questionnaire), Schirmer test, tear break-up time test, and osmolarity of tears (by TearLab) were recorded in treatment and control groups. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 66.37 ± 8.83 (range: 37-82) years, of which 49 (79%) were female and 13 (21%) were male. The results showed a significant improvement in tear break-up time test, corrected distance visual acuity, osmolarity, and ocular surface disease index score in both groups (p < 0.05). However, the number of Demodex decreases significantly only in the treatment group after treatment (p <0.001). Tear break-up time, osmolarity, and ocular surface disease index scores in the treatment group were significantly better than the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the pre- and post-Schirmer test results (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Eyelid scrubbing with eye shampoo containing tea tree oil is recommended for dry eye treatment after cataract surgery, especially decrease in the number of Demodex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mohammadpour
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Maleki
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Khorrami-Nejad
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
|
243
|
Thomas C, Coates SJ, Engelman D, Chosidow O, Chang AY. Ectoparasites: Scabies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 82:533-548. [PMID: 31310840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Scabies is an ectoparasitic dermatosis caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis and is a public health issue in all countries regardless of socioeconomic status. In high-income countries, delays in diagnosis can lead to institutional outbreaks; in low- and middle-income countries, poor access to health care contributes to disease undertreatment and long-term systemic sequelae. With scabies now recognized as a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization, increased awareness and systematic efforts are addressing gaps in diagnosis and treatment that impede scabies control. This review summarizes the available data and provides an update on scabies epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and public health considerations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Thomas
- Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah J Coates
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel Engelman
- International Alliance for the Control of Scabies, Parkville, Australia; Tropical Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Olivier Chosidow
- International Alliance for the Control of Scabies, Parkville, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Aileen Y Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; International Alliance for the Control of Scabies, Parkville, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Gad HA, Ayoub IM, Wink M. Phytochemical profiling and seasonal variation of essential oils of three Callistemon species cultivated in Egypt. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219571. [PMID: 31295290 PMCID: PMC6622538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Callistemon comprises evergreen shrubs or small trees, widely cultivated as ornamentals and for essential oil production. Callistemon is well-recognized in folk medicine for its anti-cough, anti-bronchitis, and insecticidal activities. In the current study, we profiled the essential oil composition of the leaves of C. citrinus, C. rigidus and C. viminalis (Myrtaceae) collected during different seasons by GLC-MS coupled to multivariate data analysis. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of Callistemon essential oils were evaluated. A total of 29 compounds were tentatively identified. Oxygenated monoterpenes dominated in essential oils, where eucalyptol represented the major constituent in the three Callistemon species in all seasons. Multivariate data analysis including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied to discriminate between different Callistemon species in each season and to investigate any correlation between the metabolic profile of each species within different seasons. As expected, PCA plot could discriminate the three Callistemon species in the four seasons. The dendrogram from HCA confirmed the results of PCA as it showed the same segregation pattern regarding the discrimination of different Callistemon species. C. viminalis showed more pronounced antioxidant activity than C. citrinus, exhibiting IC50 values of 1.40 mg/mL and 1.77 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, C. rigidus showed very weak antioxidant activity. All oils showed membrane stabilization activity in hypotonic solution induced haemolysis assay, where C. viminalis showed potent membrane stabilizing activity exhibiting IC50 value of 25.6 μg/mL comparable to that of the standard drug, indomethacin (17.02 μg/mL). Nevertheless, Callistemon essential oils were not cytotoxic in HCT-116 and Hela human cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haidy A. Gad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M. Ayoub
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
de Freitas Souza C, Baldissera MD, Descovi S, Zeppenfeld C, Eslava-Mocha PR, Gloria EM, Zanette RA, Baldisserotto B, Schafer da Silva A. Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil abrogates hepatic oxidative damage in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fed with an aflatoxin-contaminated diet. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 221:10-20. [PMID: 30910599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by varieties of fungi that contaminate food and feed resources and are capable of inducing a wide range of toxicity. This problem is extensively aggravated due to the increasing replacement of fish meal by plant-derived proteins. Among the mycotoxins, aflatoxins have received a great deal of attention owing to their great prevalence in plant feedstuffs and to the detrimental effects on animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil (TTO) would avoid or minimize the negative impacts on silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fed with aflatoxins-contaminated diets. Four treatments were tested: control (fish fed with a control diet); AFB (fish fed with a mycotoxin-contaminated diet - 1893 μg kg-1 of AFB1 and 52.2 μg kg-1 AFB2); TTO (fish fed with a control diet + 1 mL kg-1 of TTO), and TTO + AFB (fish fed with a mycotoxin contaminated diet - 2324 μg kg-1 of AFB1 and 43.5 μg kg-1 AFB2 + 1 mL kg-1 of TTO). Diets were tested in three replications and analyzed at days 5 and 10 of dietary intake. Significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and GST) and increased lipid peroxidation (LOOH) and protein carbonyl (PC) content in plasma and liver, with 16.6% mortality occurrence, were observed in the group fed aflatoxin-contaminated diet. Furthermore, aflatoxins also significantly increased plasmatic and hepatic ROS levels and decreased hepatic antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radical (ACAP) levels. Plasma cortisol levels were not altered by aflatoxicosis, but the intoxication induced hepatose. Notwithstanding, addition of TTO to the groups receiving aflatoxins showed a protective effect, avoiding the increase of ROS, LOOH, and PC levels in plasma and liver. Moreover, TTO treatment ameliorated the aflatoxin-associated liver damage. Thus, TTO supplementation at concentration of 1 mL kg-1 in feed may be used in fish to increase antioxidant status and reduce the negative effects caused by aflatoxins toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carine de Freitas Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Dellaméa Baldissera
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sharine Descovi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Zeppenfeld
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Rene Eslava-Mocha
- Universidade de Los Llanos, Grupo de investigação em Sanidade de Organismos Aquáticos, Instituto de Aquicultura dos Llanos, Villa Vicencio, Meta 500017, Colombia
| | | | - Régis A Zanette
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Departmento de Ciência Animal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Messaoud R, El Fekih L, Mahmoud A, Ben Amor H, Bannour R, Doan S, Khairallah M. Improvement in ocular symptoms and signs in patients with Demodex anterior blepharitis using a novel terpinen-4-ol (2.5%) and hyaluronic acid (0.2%) cleansing wipe. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1043-1054. [PMID: 31417235 PMCID: PMC6592021 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s198585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical improvement in ocular symptoms and signs in patients suffering from Demodex anterior blepharitis after using a novel cleansing wipe impregnated with 2.5% terpinen-4-ol and 0.2% hyaluronic acid. Study design: This was an exploratory, multicenter, open, randomized, two-parallel group comparative study. Methods: Forty-eight patients with Demodex anterior blepharitis were randomly assigned to apply the sterile wipe T1172 (Blephademodex®), either once daily (n=24, Group 1) or twice daily (n=24, Group 2) for 29 days. Overall ocular discomfort and other individual symptoms were measured using a 0–10 numeric rating scale at Day 8 and Day 29. Ocular signs, including eyelid margin hyperemia and number of cylindrical dandruff, were examined at slit lamp. Overall treatment performance by investigator, patient satisfaction and tolerance were evaluated with questionnaires. Results: Overall ocular discomfort was significantly reduced from baseline (p<0.0001) in both groups at Day 8 (−3.6±0.3 in Group 1 and −4.0±0.4 in Group 2) and Day 29 (−5.7±0.4 and −6.8±0.7, respectively), with no difference between groups (D8: p=0.718; D29: p=0.505). Each ocular symptom associated with Demodex blepharitis was improved in both groups. Eyelid margin hyperemia was significantly reduced at Day 8 (−0.7±0.7; p<0.001) and Day 29 (−1.1±0.7; p<0.0001) in Group 1. Similar results were observed in Group 2 (Day 8: p<0.001; Day 29: p<0.0001). Total disappearance of cylindrical dandruff was reported in 30.4% of patients in Group 1 and 43.5% in Group 2. Improvements in other ocular signs were observed in both groups. The product was well tolerated. All patients were satisfied or very satisfied and would continue using it. Conclusion: Daily eyelid hygiene using this cleansing wipe impregnated with 2.5% terpinen-4-ol and 0.2% hyaluronic acid during a 4-week period led to a rapid and marked reduction in ocular symptoms and signs associated with Demodex anterior blepharitis and was well tolerated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Messaoud
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Lamia El Fekih
- Department of Ophthalmology, Internal Security Forces Hospital, La Marsa, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, Tunis-El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anis Mahmoud
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Hager Ben Amor
- Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital , Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Serge Doan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.,Fondation A de Rothschild , Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
247
|
Pitt SJ, Hawthorne JA, Garcia-Maya M, Alexandrovich A, Symonds RC, Gunn A. Identification and characterisation of anti - Pseudomonas aeruginosa proteins in mucus of the brown garden snail, Cornu aspersum. Br J Biomed Sci 2019; 76:129-136. [PMID: 30966874 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2019.1603794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: Novel antimicrobial treatments are urgently needed. Previous work has shown that the mucus of the brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum) has antimicrobial properties, in particular against type culture collection strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We hypothesised that it would also be effective against clinical isolates of the bacterium and that investigation of fractions of the mucus would identify one or more proteins with anti-pseudomonal properties, which could be further characterised. Materials and methods: Mucus was extracted from snails collected from the wild. Antimicrobial activity against laboratory and clinical isolates of Ps. aeruginosa was determined in disc diffusion assays. Mucus was purified using size exclusion chromatography and fractions containing anti-pseudomonal activity identified. Mass spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography analysis of these fractions yielded partial peptide sequences. These were used to interrogate an RNA transcriptome generated from whole snails. Results: Mucus from C. aspersum inhibited growth of type collection strains and clinical isolates of Ps. aeruginosa. Four novel C. aspersum proteins were identified; at least three are likely to have antimicrobial properties. The most interesting is a 37.4 kDa protein whilst smaller proteins, one 17.5 kDa and one 18.6 kDa also appear to have activity against Ps. aeruginosa. Conclusions: The study has identified novel proteins with antimicrobial properties which could be used to develop treatments for use in human medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Pitt
- a School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Brighton , Brighton , UK
| | - J A Hawthorne
- a School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Brighton , Brighton , UK
| | - M Garcia-Maya
- b Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics , King's College London , London, UK
| | - A Alexandrovich
- b Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics , King's College London , London, UK
| | - R C Symonds
- c School of Natural Sciences and Psychology , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK
| | - A Gunn
- c School of Natural Sciences and Psychology , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK
| |
Collapse
|
248
|
Galbraith P, Henry R, McCarthy DT. Rise of the killer plants: investigating the antimicrobial activity of Australian plants to enhance biofilter-mediated pathogen removal. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:52. [PMID: 31182974 PMCID: PMC6555726 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofilters are soil-plant based passive stormwater treatment systems which demonstrate promising, although inconsistent, removal of faecal microorganisms. Antimicrobial-producing plants represent a safe, inexpensive yet under-researched biofilter design component that may enhance treatment reliability. The mechanisms underlying plant-mediated microbial removal in biofilters have not been fully elucidated, particularly with respect to antimicrobial production. The aim of this study was therefore to inform biofilter vegetation selection guidelines for optimal pathogen treatment by conducting antimicrobial screening of biofilter-suitable plant species. This involved: (1) selecting native plants suitable for biofilters (17 species) in a Victorian context (southeast Australia); and (2) conducting antimicrobial susceptibility testing of selected plant methanolic extracts (≥ 5 biological replicates/species; 86 total) against reference stormwater faecal bacteria (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Typhimurium, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli). RESULTS The present study represents the first report on the inhibitory activity of polar alcoholic extracts from multiple tested species. Extracts of plants in the Myrtaceae family, reputed for their production of antimicrobial oils, demonstrated significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) than non-myrtaceous candidates (p < 0.0001). Melaleuca fulgens (median MIC: 8 mg/mL; range: [4-16 mg/mL]), Callistemon viminalis (16 mg/mL, [2-16 mg/mL]) and Leptospermum lanigerum (8 mg/mL, [4-16 mg/mL]) exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity against the selected bacteria (p < 0.05 compared to each tested non-myrtaceous candidate). In contrast, the Australian biofilter gold standard Carex appressa demonstrated eight-fold lower activity than the highest performer M. fulgens (64 mg/mL, [32-64 mg/mL]). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that myrtaceous plants, particularly M. fulgens, may be more effective than the current vegetation gold standard in mediating antibiosis and thus improving pathogen treatment within biofilters. Further investigation of these plants in biofilter contexts is recommended to refine biofilter vegetation selection guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Galbraith
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash Water for Liveability, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - R. Henry
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash Water for Liveability, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - D. T. McCarthy
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash Water for Liveability, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Kamath NP, Tandon S, Nayak R, Naidu S, Anand PS, Kamath YS. The effect of aloe vera and tea tree oil mouthwashes on the oral health of school children. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:61-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
250
|
phytosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its antibacterial, antiquorum sensing, antimotility, and antioxidant capacities against multidrug resistant bacteria. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|