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Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Anthropometric Measurements among Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Sudanese Women: Possible Risk for Cardiovascular Disease. J Aging Res 2022; 2022:1545127. [PMID: 36199371 PMCID: PMC9529371 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1545127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Data examining the health of menopausal women and the prevalence of osteoporosis remain to be limited in Africa, especially in sub-Saharan countries. Thus, in this current study, we aimed to assess the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and anthropometric measurements of osteoporotic postmenopausal women and determine their risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods This is a cross-sectional, community-based study. Postmenopausal women (n = 300), aged ≥45 years, were recruited from Khartoum state, Sudan. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess bone density. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured twice. Fasting blood samples (5 ml) were collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). AIP was calculated as an indicator of CVD risk. Results The mean age of the postmenopausal women was 61.6 ± 10.2 years (range 47–90 years). Women (n = 80) had the normal T-score, and an equal number had osteoporosis (n = 110) and osteopenia (n = 110). The prevalence of osteoporosis was 36.7%. Many postmenopausal women with normal T-scores suffered from general (71.2%) and central (94%) obesity. Postmenopausal women had high TC (24.4%), TG (25.6%), LDL-C (13.7%), and low HDL-C (76.0%) levels. Osteoporotic women (36.4%) were found to have a medium to high risk of CVD as determined by AIP. Women with normal T-scores had a higher number of CVD risk factors. A positive correlation was noted between AIP and TC among osteopenic (r = 0.292; P=0.002) and osteoporotic women (r = 0.265; P < 0.001). Conclusion Osteoporosis was prevalent among Sudanese postmenopausal women who also had an increased risk for CVD. Public health education about osteoporosis and CVD risk is thus recommended.
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Sim J, Kang G, Yang H, Jang M, Kim Y, Ahn H, Kim M, Jung H. Development of Clinical Weekly-Dose Teriparatide Acetate Encapsulated Dissolving Microneedle Patch for Efficient Treatment of Osteoporosis. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194027. [PMID: 36235975 PMCID: PMC9571303 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Teriparatide acetate (TA), which directly promotes bone formation, is subcutaneously injected to treat osteoporosis. In this study, TA with a once-weekly administration regimen was loaded on dissolving microneedles (DMNs) to effectively deliver it to the systemic circulation via the transdermal route. TA activity reduction during the drying process of various TA polymer solutions formulated with hyaluronic acid and trehalose was monitored and homogeneities were assessed. TA-DMN patches fabricated using centrifugal lithography in a two-layered structure with dried pure hyaluronic acid on the base layer and dried TA polymer solution on the top layer were evaluated for their physical properties. Rhodamine-B-loaded TA-DMNs were found to form perforations when inserted into porcine skin using a shooting device. In addition, 87.6% of TA was delivered to the porcine skin after a 5-min TA-DMN patch application. The relative bioavailability of TA via subcutaneous injection was 66.9% in rats treated with TA-DMN patches. The maximal TA concentration in rat plasma was proportional to the number of patches used. Therefore, the TA-DMN patch fabricated in this study may aid in the effective delivery of TA in a patient-friendly manner and enhance medical efficacy in osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeho Sim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Geonwoo Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- JUVIC Inc., No. 208, Digital-ro 272, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Korea
| | - Huisuk Yang
- JUVIC Inc., No. 208, Digital-ro 272, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Korea
| | - Mingyu Jang
- JUVIC Inc., No. 208, Digital-ro 272, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Korea
| | - Youseong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyeri Ahn
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyungil Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- JUVIC Inc., No. 208, Digital-ro 272, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Korea
- Correspondence:
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203
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Mittal M, Jethwani P, Naik D, Garg MK. Non-medicalization of medical science: Rationalization for future. World J Methodol 2022; 12:402-413. [PMID: 36186743 PMCID: PMC9516546 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i5.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As we delve into the intricacies of human disease, millions of people continue to be diagnosed as having what are labelled as pre-conditions or sub-clinical entities and may receive treatments designed to prevent further progression to clinical disease, but with debatable impact and consequences. Endocrinology is no different, with almost every organ system and associated diseases having subclinical entities. Although the expansion of these “grey” pre-conditions and their treatments come with a better understanding of pathophysiologic processes, they also entail financial costs and drug adverse-effects, and lack true prevention, thus refuting the very foundation of Medicine laid by Hippocrates “Primum non nocere” (Latin), i.e., do no harm. Subclinical hypothyroidism, prediabetes, osteopenia, and minimal autonomous cortisol excess are some of the endocrine pre-clinical conditions which do not require active pharmacological management in the vast majority. In fact, progression to clinical disease is seen in only a small minority with reversal to normality in most. Giving drugs also does not lead to true prevention by changing the course of future disease. The goal of the medical fraternity thus as a whole should be to bring this large chunk of humanity out of the hospitals towards leading a healthy lifestyle and away from the label of a medical disease condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Mittal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342005, India
| | - Parth Jethwani
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342005, India
| | - Dukhabandhu Naik
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - MK Garg
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342005, India
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Yao Y, Gao F, Wu Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Du H, Wang X. Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal association of bone mineral density and fracture with multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:993150. [PMID: 36188366 PMCID: PMC9519880 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.993150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder and an autoimmune disease. Until now, observational studies have indicated the association of bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture with the risk of MS. However, these studies indicated inconsistent findings. Until now, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted in BMD, fracture, and MS, which provide large-scale datasets to investigate the causal association of BMD and fracture with the risk of MS using the Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Here, we performed an MR study to clarify the causal association between BMD/fracture and the risk of MS using large-scale publicly available GWAS datasets from BMD, fracture, and MS. We first evaluated the bidirectional causal effects of BMD and MS. The main analysis method inverse-variance weighted (IVW) showed no significant causal effect of BMD on the risk of MS (β = 0.058, and p = 1.98E-01), and MS on the risk of BMD (β = −0.001, and p = 7.83E-01). We then evaluated the bidirectional causal effects of fracture and MS. However, we only identified a significant causal effect of fracture on the risk of MS using IVW (β = −0.375, p = 0.002), but no significant causal effect of MS on the risk of the fracture using IVW (β = 0.011, p = 2.39E-01). Therefore, our main analysis method IVW only found a significant causal effect of fracture on MS using the threshold for the statistically significant association p < 0.05/4 = 0.0125. Meanwhile, multivariable MR analyses showed that the causal effect of fracture on MS was independent of smoking, drinking, and obesity, but dependent on BMD. In summary, our MR analysis demonstrates that genetically increased fracture may reduce the risk of MS. Our findings should be further verified and the underlying mechanisms should be further evaluated by future studies.
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205
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Grili PPDF, Vidigal CV, da Cruz GF, Albergaria BH, Marques-Rocha JL, Pereira TSS, Guandalini VR. Dietary consumption of selenium inversely associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Front Nutr 2022; 9:997414. [PMID: 36172523 PMCID: PMC9511160 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.997414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), which increases the risk of falls and fractures and reduces mobility. Some nutrients have a well-established role in maintaining bone health and preventing osteoporosis, while selenium (Se) has aroused interest in bone health possibly because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary Se consumption and BMD in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods Cross-sectional, observational, analytical study carried out with women in menopause for at least 12 months, aged ≥ 50 years. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical data variables were studied. BMD was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and the participants classified as having normal BMD, osteopenia, or osteoporosis. Dietary consumption of Se was assessed by the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and classified into quartiles of consumption. Multivariate logistic regression with three fit models was applied to investigate the association of BMD with Se consumption quartiles. The significance level adopted for all tests was 5.0%. Results The final sample consisted of 124 women aged in average 66.8 ± 6.1 years and with a time since menopause of 19.6 ± 8.8 years. According to the BMD, 41.9% of the women had osteopenia and 36.3% osteoporosis. The mean consumption of Se was 154.4 ± 88.7 μg/day. The highest consumption of Se was observed among women with normal BMD (51.9%), whereas lower consumption levels were found in 57.7% of women with osteopenia and in 60.0% of women with osteoporosis (p = 0.003). In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for possible confounding variables, Se remained associated with the group of women with osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women in the highest quartile (≥94.0 μg/day) of Se consumption had an OR of 0.02 (95%CI: 0.001-0.41; p = 0.012) of having osteoporosis when compared with women in the lowest quartile. Conclusion Se consumption was associated with BMD and postmenopausal women with higher Se consumption were less likely to have osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Paula da Fonseca Grili
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Camila Vilarinho Vidigal
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Geise Ferreira da Cruz
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Albergaria
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Marques-Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Valdete Regina Guandalini
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Fernandez P, Pasqualini M, Locrelle H, Normand M, Bonneau C, Lafage Proust MH, Marotte H, Thomas T, Vico L. The effects of combined amplitude and high-frequency vibration on physically inactive osteopenic postmenopausal women. Front Physiol 2022; 13:952140. [PMID: 36160873 PMCID: PMC9491321 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.952140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate whole-body vibration (WBV) osteogenic potential in physically inactive postmenopausal women using high-frequency and combined amplitude stimuli. Methods: Two-hundred fifty-five physically inactive postmenopausal women (55–75 years) with 10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk (3%–35%) participated in this 18-month study. For the first 12 months, the vibration group experienced progressive 20-min WBV sessions (up to 3 sessions/week) with rest periods (30–60 s) between exercises. Frequencies (30–50 Hz), with low (0.2–0.4 mm) and high (0.6–0.8 mm) amplitude stimuli were delivered via PowerPlate Pro5 platforms producing accelerations of (0.75–7.04 g). The last 6 months for the treatment group were a follow-up period similar to control. Serum bone remodelling markers [C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type-1 collagen (CTX), procollagen type-1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and sclerostin] were measured at fasting. CTX and P1NP were determined by automated chemiluminescence immunoassay, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) by automated spectrophotometric immunoassay, and sclerostin by an enzyme-immunoassay. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the whole-body, proximal femur and lumbar vertebrae was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone microarchitecture of the distal non-dominant radius and tibia was measured by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). Results: Femoral neck (p = 0.520) and spine BMD (p = 0.444) failed to improve after 12 months of WBV. Bone macro and microstructural parameters were not impacted by WBV, as well as estimated failure load at the distal radius (p = 0.354) and tibia (p = 0.813). As expected, most DXA and HR-pQCT parameters displayed age-related degradation in this postmenopausal population. BAP and CTX increased over time in both groups, with CTX more marginally elevated in the vibration group when comparing baseline changes to month-12 (480.80 pmol/L; p = 0.039) and month-18 (492.78 pmol/L; p = 0.075). However, no differences were found when comparing group concentrations only at month-12 (506.35 pmol/L; p = 0.415) and month-18 (518.33 pmol/L; p = 0.480), indicating differences below the threshold of clinical significance. Overall, HR-pQCT, DXA bone parameters and bone turnover markers remained unaffected. Conclusion: Combined amplitude and high-frequency training for one year had no ameliorating effect on DXA and HR-pQCT bone parameters in physically inactive postmenopausal women. Serum analysis did not display any significant improvement in formation and resorption markers and also failed to alter sclerostin concentrations between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fernandez
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- *Correspondence: Peter Fernandez,
| | - Marion Pasqualini
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hervé Locrelle
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Myriam Normand
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Christine Bonneau
- Biology and Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Lafage Proust
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hubert Marotte
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Thierry Thomas
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- SAINBIOSE, U1059, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Tissue Biology, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
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207
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Yousefzadeh N, Jeddi S, Kashfi K, Ghasemi A. Long-term inorganic nitrate administration protects against ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:1151-1166. [PMID: 36320805 PMCID: PMC9618708 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The risk of osteoporotic fractures increases in women after menopause. This study aims at determining the effects of long-term inorganic nitrate administration against ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6/group): Control, control+nitrate, ovariectomized (OVX), and OVX+nitrate. Sodium nitrate (100 mg/L in drinking water) was administered for 9 months. Trabecular bone quality in the proximal tibia was measured using a Micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) scanner at months 0, 1, 3, and 9. Levels of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (NOx) and oxidative stress indices, and mRNA expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were measured at month 9 in the proximal tibia. Compared to controls, OVX rats had lower NOx levels by 47 %, eNOS mRNA expression by 55 %, catalase activity (CAT) by 45 %, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by 70 %, and higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 327 % in the bone tissue at month 9. OVX rats, compared to controls, had lower bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N.), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th.) by 32 %, 58 %, and 17 %, respectively, and higher trabecular separation (Tb.Sp.) by 123 %, at month 9. Nitrate administration to control rats increased TAC by 46 % in the bone tissue at month 9 but did not significantly affect other parameters in serum and bone tissue. Nitrate in OVX rats significantly increased NOx levels by 86 %, eNOS expression by 2.14-fold, CAT activity by 75 %, TAC by 170 %, and decreased MDA levels by 36 % at month 9 in the bone tissue. Nitrate-treated OVX rats at month 9 had higher BV/TV (42 %) and Tb.N. (61 %) and lower Tb.Sp. (15 %). Long-term inorganic nitrate administration at a low dose has protective effects against OVX-induced osteoporosis in rats; this effect is associated with increasing eNOS-derived NO and decreasing oxidative stress in the bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Yousefzadeh
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Asghar Ghasemi, Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Arabi Street, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran, E-mail:
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208
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Chung PC, Chan TC. Environmental and personal factors for osteoporosis or osteopenia from a large health check-up database: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1531. [PMID: 35948894 PMCID: PMC9367101 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is an important public health issue in aging societies because of its associated morbidity, mortality, and decreased quality of life. The study aims to identify the association of low bone mineral density, including osteoporosis and osteopenia, with environmental and personal factors. Methods The data of participants aged ≥ 20 years with multiple visits were obtained from a health check-up database in Taiwan from 2008 to 2016. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify the selected factors associated with low bone mineral density for multiple visit data. Results A total of 194,910 participants with 359,943 visits were included in this study. The prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in the study population was 10.6% (n = 20.615). Older women, ever and current smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01, 1.08]), or participants who were underweight (OR = 1.72 [1.64, 1.81]), consumed a vegetarian diet (OR = 1.32 [1.25, 1.39]), or had higher triglyceride levels (OR = 1.04 [1.01, 1.06]) were significantly associated with a higher risk of low BMD. Participants who had higher educational years (OR = 0.43 [0.41, 0.46]), higher physical activity (OR = 0.93 [0.89, 0.97]), appropriate sleep duration and better quality (OR = 0.98 [0.97, 0.99]), dairy intake (≥ 1 slice of yogurt or cheese/week, OR = 0.97 [0.95, 0.99]), higher uric acid (OR = 0.93 [0.91, 0.95]), higher walkability (OR = 0.997 [0.995,0.999]), and higher solar radiation exposure (OR = 0.997 [0.97,0.99]) were significantly associated with a lower risk of low BMD. Conclusion Interventions in different directions, such as having better health behaviors, increasing sun exposure, and residing in a highly walkable environment, are beneficial for reducing the risk of low BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chen Chung
- Department of Dentistry, Puzi Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Cai H, Guo H, Deng Y, Jiang J, Liu S, He W, Jian H. RRM2 regulates osteogenesis of mouse embryo fibroblasts via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:605. [PMID: 36160885 PMCID: PMC9468855 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a widespread bone metabolic disease characterized by reduced bone mass and bone microstructure deterioration. Ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) is a key enzyme in DNA synthesis and repair. The present study investigated the effect of RRM2 on osteogenesis of mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) and its molecular mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that RRM2 expression was increased during osteogenesis of MEFs triggered by bone morphogenetic protein 9. Subsequently, MEFs were used as a mesenchymal stem cell model and osteogenic inducing medium was used to induce osteogenic differentiation. RRM2 protein expression was measured by western blotting during osteogenic differentiation induction of MEFs. RRM2 levels in MEFs were upregulated and downregulated by RRM2-overexpressing recombinant adenovirus and small interfering RNA-RRM2, respectively. Bone formation markers (RUNX family transcription factor 2, osterix, distal-less homeobox 5, collagen type I α1 chain, osteopontin and osteocalcin) were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S staining were examined. The protein expression levels of β-catenin and the ratio of phosphorylated (p-)GSK-3β to GSK-3β were detected by western blotting and the RNA expression of downstream related target genes (β-catenin, axis inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2), transcription factor 7 like 2, lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1, c-MYC and Cyclin D1) in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was measured by RT-qPCR. RRM2 protein expression increased as the osteogenic differentiation induction period was extended. RRM2 overexpression increased osteogenic marker RNA expression, ALP activity, bone mineralization, the protein expression levels of β-catenin, the ratio of p-GSK-3β to GSK-3β and the RNA expression of downstream related target genes in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, whereas RRM2 knockdown had the opposite effect. The findings of the present study revealed that RRM2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic differentiation, while RRM2 knockdown reduced osteogenic differentiation. RRM2 may regulate osteogenic differentiation of MEFs via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, providing a possible therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Cai
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinhai Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Wenge He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Huagang Jian
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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Rossetti BR, Lemos AF, Só BB, Weissheimer T, Martins MD, Só MVR. Effects of estrogen deficiency on the progression of apical periodontitis. A systematic review of preclinical studies. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 142:105496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Huffman WH, Jia L, Pirruccio K, Li X, Hecht AC, Parisien RL. Acute Vertebral Fractures in Skiing and Snowboarding: A 20-Year Sex-Specific Analysis of National Injury Data. Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671221105486. [PMID: 35837441 PMCID: PMC9274405 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The epidemiology of acute vertebral fractures (AVFs) sustained while skiing
and snowboarding remains poorly defined in the United States. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that there would be no significant differences across sex
and a greater number of AVFs in younger age groups associated with skiing
and snowboarding. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: The authors utilized the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System to
identify patients who were reported in emergency departments in the United
States from 2000 to 2019. All patients were noted to have sustained AVFs
during skiing or snowboarding. National estimates and demographic analysis
were performed. Results: A total of 466 AVFs were identified, or roughly 23.3 AVFs per year. Compared
with women, men accounted for the majority of AVFs sustained in both skiing
and snowboarding: 67.8% (95% CI, 62.6%-73.0%) during skiing and 82.1% (95%
CI, 76.3%-87.8%) during snowboarding. This represented a significantly
larger percentage of AVFs while snowboarding compared with skiing
(P = .002). Women accounted for 32.2% (95% CI,
27.0%-37.4%) of AVFs while skiing and 17.9% (95% CI, 12.2%-23.7%) while
snowboarding, which indicated a significantly larger percentage of AVFs
sustained during skiing compared with snowboarding (P =
.002). Snowboarders were more likely than skiers to sustain an AVF in the
region of the coccyx (21.5% [95% CI, 14.3%-28.7%] vs 11.5% [95% CI,
3.5%-16.9%], respectively; P = .003) and as a result of a
fall at ground level (69.2% [95% CI, 62.1%-76.4%] vs 52.8% [95% CI,
43.2%-62.4%], respectively; P = .009). A significant
decrease in the number of snowboarding-related AVFs was identified over the
20-year study period: 899 in 2000-2003 versus 283 in 2016-2019
(P < .01). The change in skiing-related AVFs over
the study period was not statistically significant (694 vs 462;
P = .5). Conclusion: This national study of AVFs sustained while skiing and snowboarding
identified critical sex- and age-specific differences in the population at
risk, anatomic location of injury, and mechanism of injury. The national
data generated from this study over a 20-year period may be utilized to
better inform public health injury awareness and prevention initiatives in
the rapidly growing sports of skiing and snowboarding.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Huffman
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lori Jia
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin Pirruccio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xinning Li
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew C Hecht
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert L Parisien
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures are the most common complication of osteoporosis, with 700,000 cases reported every year in the United States. Vertebral compression fractures typically present with abrupt-onset low back pain with or without a history of trauma, although more than two-thirds are detected incidentally. Diagnosis is confirmed using plain radiographs, while computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may be required to evaluate for a malignant cause or if there are neurological deficits on examination. Magnetic resonance imaging is also the modality of choice to determine if the fracture is acute vs chronic in nature. Patients can be managed with a combination of nonsurgical modalities including medications, bracing, and physical therapy, although when indicated, kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty may be considered to provide symptom relief.
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213
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Hidayat Y, Rajkoomar AG, Qadeer MA, D’Souza LG. Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures: An Analysis of Readability and Quality of Web-Based information. Cureus 2022; 14:e26029. [PMID: 35859974 PMCID: PMC9288661 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vertebral compression fractures are among the most common fragility fractures with significant morbidity and mortality. With an aging population, the incidence of these fractures is on the rise. In this age of social and electronic media, there is a plethora of online information available. While access to healthcare information has increased, most of these websites remain beyond the comprehension of their target audience. Objective To assess the readability and quality of online information regarding osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Methods A search for the terms osteoporotic vertebral fractures, osteoporotic spinal fractures, and fragility spinal fractures was performed using the top five search engines. Eighty-three websites were identified and analyzed. Quality assessment was done using the DISCERN and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) tools while readability was analyzed using the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch Kincaid Grade (FKG), and Gunning Fog Index (GFI). Results The mean DISCERN score was 39.55 while the mean JAMA was 2.2. Readability testing revealed a mean FRES score of 49.26 with 16 websites having a score of > 60, FKG 8.38, and GFI of 9.51. 33 websites had an FKG score of 8 or below 8. Conclusion The above results indicate that web-based information relating to osteoporotic vertebral fractures is of variable quality and readability. Although 40 % of websites are at the eighth grade or below level, only 16 % of websites are above the FRES score of 60, which makes online information difficult to comprehend by an average patient.
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214
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Bone Mineralization in Electrospun-Based Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102123. [PMID: 35632005 PMCID: PMC9146582 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing the demand for bone substitutes in the management of bone fractures, including osteoporotic fractures, makes bone tissue engineering (BTE) an ideal strategy for solving the constant shortage of bone grafts. Electrospun-based scaffolds have gained popularity in BTE because of their unique features, such as high porosity, a large surface-area-to-volume ratio, and their structural similarity to the native bone extracellular matrix (ECM). To imitate native bone mineralization through which bone minerals are deposited onto the bone matrix, a simple but robust post-treatment using a simulated body fluid (SBF) has been employed, thereby improving the osteogenic potential of these synthetic bone grafts. This study highlights recent electrospinning technologies that are helpful in creating more bone-like scaffolds, and addresses the progress of SBF development. Biomineralized electrospun bone scaffolds are also reviewed, based on the importance of bone mineralization in bone regeneration. This review summarizes the potential of SBF treatments for conferring the biphasic features of native bone ECM architectures onto electrospun-based bone scaffolds.
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215
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Shangguan X, Xiong J, Shi S, Liao Y, Chen L, Deng J, Wu W, Wang J, Tu J, Xiu J, Wu W, Chen L, Chen K. Impact of the Malnutrition on Mortality in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Cohort Study From NHANES 2005-2010. Front Nutr 2022; 9:868166. [PMID: 35634364 PMCID: PMC9132007 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. Recent studies have shown that malnutrition can promote the development of osteoporosis. However, the incidence of malnutrition in patients with osteoporosis and the relationship between malnutrition and all-cause mortality has not been adequately studied. Therefore, our study investigated the relationship between malnutrition and all-cause mortality in patients with osteoporosis. Methods We analyzed data on 7,700 adults ≥20 years of age during National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2010. Each patient was assigned to one of three groups: normal nutritional status, mild malnutrition, and moderate to severe malnutrition. Survival curves and univariate and multivariable cox regressions based on the NHANES recommended weights were used to assess the association between malnutrition status and mortality. Moreover, cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed on the matched pairs. Results Overall, 7,700 eligible individuals with osteoporosis were included in the final analysis, and the mean age was 52.0 ± 0.4 years. From the Kaplan–Meier curves for long-term all-cause mortality of malnutrition, worsening malnutrition status was associated with higher incidence of all-cause mortality. In the fully adjusted models, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 1.54 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–2.31, p = 0.039] at mild malnutrition status and 2.70 (95%CI, 1.95–3.74, p < 0.001) at moderate to severe malnutrition status. The cox model after matching indicated that malnutrition was still a high mortality risk than no malnutrition (aHR = 2.23, 95% CI, 1.66–3.01, p < 0.001). Conclusions Poor malnutrition status, common in osteoporotic patients, is strongly associated with a risk for all-cause mortality comparable to that seen with normal nutritional status. These findings highlight the importance of risk stratification for nutritional status in osteoporotic patients and the implementation of strategies that is now available to help prevent malnutrition in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Shangguan
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Jialing Xiong
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Liling Chen
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Jiayi Deng
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wanxia Wu
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Tu
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Xiu
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weihao Wu
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- *Correspondence: Weihao Wu
| | - Longtian Chen
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- Longtian Chen
| | - Kaihong Chen
- Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- Kaihong Chen
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Effect of Vitamin K on Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051048. [PMID: 35625785 PMCID: PMC9138595 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary: Recent studies have proposed that adequate intake of Vitamin K (VK) is associated with a low risk of fracture and high bone mineral density (BMD) to improve skeletal health in adults. This systematic review was designed to summarize the most relevant and updated evidence discussing the relationship between VK and bone. It explores the effect of VK deficiency and its supplementation on various bone parameters. Methods: The distinct databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, National Clinical Trials, Current Controlled Trials, and Clinical Trials were searched up to Jan 2020 to identify eligible trials. All relevant randomized controlled trial studies with any oral dosage form of VK supplement administered for at least six months and assessing BMD or fracture in adults were extracted. Finally, two independent reviewers identified 20 relevant citations for the systematic review and extracted data in tabular form. Results: The meta-analysis was performed with all studies, including postmenopausal and osteoporotic females, for both total clinical and vertebral fracture outcomes. The quantitative analysis showed that the odds ratios (OR) of any fracture were lower for VK as compared to control [OR 0.42 (95% CI 0.27 to 0.66)] for vertebral fractures and OR of 0.44 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.88) for clinical fracture. For the BMD, a meta-analysis of the pooled effect of interventional studies suggested a non-significant association between the use of VK and improvement in femoral BMD (CI 95%, p = 0.08 [−0.03–0.20]). Conclusion: VK decreases general fracture risk, and it can be an option to counter bone loss disorders. However, insufficient evidence is available regarding the significant impact of VK on femoral neck BMD. Therefore, further studies are required to establish the therapeutic value of VK as a treatment for osteoporosis.
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217
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Biomimetic Citrate-Coated Luminescent Apatite Nanoplatforms for Diclofenac Delivery in Inflammatory Environments. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030562. [PMID: 35159907 PMCID: PMC8838995 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent nanoparticles are innovative tools for medicine, allowing the imaging of cells and tissues, and, at the same time, carrying and releasing different types of molecules. We explored and compared the loading/release ability of diclofenac (COX-2 antagonist), in both undoped- and luminescent Terbium3+ (Tb3+)-doped citrate-coated carbonated apatite nanoparticles at different temperatures (25, 37, 40 °C) and pHs (7.4, 5.2). The cytocompatibility was evaluated on two osteosarcoma cell lines and primary human osteoblasts. Biological effects of diclofenac-loaded-nanoparticles were monitored in an in vitro osteoblast’s cytokine–induced inflammation model by evaluating COX-2 mRNA expression and production of PGE2. Adsorption isotherms fitted the multilayer Langmuir-Freundlich model. The maximum adsorbed amounts at 37 °C were higher than at 25 °C, and particularly when using the Tb3+ -doped particles. Diclofenac-release efficiencies were higher at pH 5.2, a condition simulating a local inflammation. The luminescence properties of diclofenac-loaded Tb3+ -doped particles were affected by pH, being the relative luminescence intensity higher at pH 5.2 and the luminescence lifetime higher at pH 7.4, but not influenced either by the temperature or by the diclofenac-loaded amount. Both undoped and Tb3+-doped nanoparticles were cytocompatible. In addition, diclofenac release increased COX-2 mRNA expression and decreased PGE2 production in an in vitro inflammation model. These findings evidence the potential of these nanoparticles for osteo-localized delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs and the possibility to localize the inflammation, characterized by a decrease in pH, by changes in luminescence.
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218
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Greve T, Rayudu NM, Dieckmeyer M, Boehm C, Ruschke S, Burian E, Kloth C, Kirschke JS, Karampinos DC, Baum T, Subburaj K, Sollmann N. Finite Element Analysis of Osteoporotic and Osteoblastic Vertebrae and Its Association With the Proton Density Fat Fraction From Chemical Shift Encoding-Based Water-Fat MRI - A Preliminary Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:900356. [PMID: 35898459 PMCID: PMC9313539 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.900356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoporosis is prevalent and entails alterations of vertebral bone and marrow. Yet, the spine is also a common site of metastatic spread. Parameters that can be non-invasively measured and could capture these alterations are the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as an estimate of relative fat content, and failure displacement and load from finite element analysis (FEA) for assessment of bone strength. This study's purpose was to investigate if osteoporotic and osteoblastic metastatic changes in lumbar vertebrae can be differentiated based on the abovementioned parameters (vBMD, PDFF, and measures from FEA), and how these parameters correlate with each other. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven patients (3 females, median age: 77.5 years) who received 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multi-detector computed tomography (CT) of the lumbar spine and were diagnosed with either osteoporosis (4 patients) or diffuse osteoblastic metastases (3 patients) were included. Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI (CSE-MRI) was used to extract the PDFF, while vBMD was extracted after automated vertebral body segmentation using CT. Segmentation masks were used for FEA-based failure displacement and failure load calculations. Failure displacement, failure load, and PDFF were compared between patients with osteoporotic vertebrae versus patients with osteoblastic metastases, considering non-fractured vertebrae (L1-L4). Associations between those parameters were assessed using Spearman correlation. RESULTS Median vBMD was 59.3 mg/cm3 in osteoporotic patients. Median PDFF was lower in the metastatic compared to the osteoporotic patients (11.9% vs. 43.8%, p=0.032). Median failure displacement and failure load were significantly higher in metastatic compared to osteoporotic patients (0.874 mm vs. 0.348 mm, 29,589 N vs. 3,095 N, p=0.034 each). A strong correlation was noted between PDFF and failure displacement (rho -0.679, p=0.094). A very strong correlation was noted between PDFF and failure load (rho -0.893, p=0.007). CONCLUSION PDFF as well as failure displacement and load allowed to distinguish osteoporotic from diffuse osteoblastic vertebrae. Our findings further show strong associations between PDFF and failure displacement and load, thus may indicate complimentary pathophysiological associations derived from two non-invasive techniques (CSE-MRI and CT) that inherently measure different properties of vertebral bone and marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Greve
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tobias Greve,
| | - Nithin Manohar Rayudu
- Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Dieckmeyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Boehm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Ruschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Egon Burian
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Kloth
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan S. Kirschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dimitrios C. Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Baum
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karupppasamy Subburaj
- Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore, Singapore
- Sobey School of Business, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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219
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Zhou HL, Wei MH, Di DS, Zhang RY, Zhang JL, Yuan TT, Liu Q, Zhou TT, Huang Q, Wang Q. Association between SEMA3A signaling pathway genes and BMD/OP risk: An epidemiological and experimental study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1014431. [PMID: 36425469 PMCID: PMC9679019 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1014431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the associations of genetic variants in the semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) signaling pathway genes, including SEMA3A, NRP1, PLXNA1, PLXNA2 and PLXNA3 with osteoporosis (OP) risk and bone mineral density (BMD) in a Chinese Han older adult population. STUDY DESIGN AND METHOD A two-stage design was adopted. Total of 47.8kb regions in the 5 genes were sequenced using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in the discovery stage, and the discovered OP-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were further genotyped using improved multiple linkage detection reaction technique in the validation stage. Methods of ALP/TRAP staining, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, and cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed with MC3T3-E1 and RAW 264.7 cell lines to clarify biological effects of observed functional variants in cell lines responsible for bone mass remodeling. RESULTS Total of 400 postmenopausal women (211 OP cases) were involved in the discovery stage, where 6 common and 4 rare genetic variants were found to be associated with OP risk. In the validation stage among another 859 participants (417 women, 270 OP cases), the PLXNA2 rs2274446 T allele was associated with reduced OP risk and increased femoral neck (FN) BMD compared to the C allele. Moreover, significant associations of NRP1 rs2070296 with FN BMD/OP risk and of NRP1 rs180868035 with lumbar spine and FN BMDs were also observed in the combination dataset analysis. Compared to the osteoblasts/osteoclasts transfected with the wild-type NRP1 rs180868035, those transfected with the mutant-type had reduced mRNA expression of osteoblastic genes (i.e., ALP, RUNX2, SP7 and OCN), while elevated mRNA expression of osteoclastic genes (i.e., TRAP, NFATc1 and CTSK). Furthermore, mutant NRP1 rs180868035 transfection inhibited osteoblast proliferation and osteoclast apoptosis, while promoted osteoclast proliferation and osteoblast apoptosis in corresponding cell lines. CONCLUSION Genetic variants located in NRP1 and PLXNA2 genes were associated with OP risk and BMD. The NRP1 rs180868035 affects bone metabolism by influencing osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-long Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mu-hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong-sheng Di
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru-yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting-ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting-ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Huang, ; Qi Wang,
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Huang, ; Qi Wang,
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220
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Kague E. Finding the genes for fragile bones. eLife 2022; 11:85161. [PMID: 36562688 PMCID: PMC9788804 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining transcriptomic data with the analysis of large genome-wide association studies helps identify genes that are likely important for regulating bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kague
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
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221
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Exercise and Nutrition Impact on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia-The Incidence of Osteosarcopenia: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124499. [PMID: 34960050 PMCID: PMC8705961 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are diseases which affect the myoskeletal system and often occur in older adults. They are characterized by low bone density and loss of muscle mass and strength, factors which reduce the quality of life and mobility. Recently, apart from pharmaceutical interventions, many studies have focused on non-pharmaceutical approaches for the prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia with exercise and nutrition to being the most important and well studied of those. The purpose of the current narrative review is to describe the role of exercise and nutrition on prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older adults and to define the incidence of osteosarcopenia. Most of the publications which were included in this review show that resistance and endurance exercises prevent the development of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Furthermore, protein and vitamin D intake, as well as a healthy diet, present a protective role against the development of the above bone diseases. However, current scientific data are not sufficient for reaching solid conclusions. Although the roles of exercise and nutrition on osteoporosis and sarcopenia seem to have been largely evaluated in literature over the recent years, most of the studies which have been conducted present high heterogeneity and small sample sizes. Therefore, they cannot reach final conclusions. In addition, osteosarcopenia seems to be caused by the effects of osteoporosis and sarcopenia on elderly. Larger meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials are needed designed based on strict inclusion criteria, in order to describe the exact role of exercise and nutrition on osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
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Salari N, Darvishi N, Bartina Y, Larti M, Kiaei A, Hemmati M, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M. Global prevalence of osteoporosis among the world older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:669. [PMID: 34774085 PMCID: PMC8590304 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone system diseases that is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and causes many complications for patients. With age, the prevalence of this disease increases so that it has become a serious problem among the elders. In this study, the prevalence of osteoporosis among elders around the world is examined to gain an understanding of its prevalence pattern. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles that have focused on prevalence of osteoporosis in the world's elders were searched with these key words, such as Prevalence, Osteoporosis, Elders, Older adult in the Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) databases and Google Scholar search engine, and extracted without time limit until March 2020 and transferred to information management software (EndNote). Then, duplicate studies were eliminated and the remaining studies were evaluated in terms of screening, competence and qualitative evaluation based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2) and Begg and Mazumdar test was used to check the publication bias and I2 test was used to check the heterogeneity. RESULTS In a review of 40 studies (31 studies related to Asia, 5 studies related to Europe and 4 studies related to America) with a total sample size of 79,127 people, the prevalence of osteoporosis in the elders of the world; 21.7% (95% confidence interval: 18.8-25%) and the overall prevalence of osteoporosis in older men and women in the world, 35.3% (95% confidence interval: 27.9-43.4%), 12.5% (95% confidence interval: 9.3-16.7%) was reported. Also, the highest prevalence of osteoporosis in the elders was reported in Asia with; 24.3% (95% confidence interval: 20.9-28.1%). CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis in the elders and especially elders' women is very high. Osteoporosis was once thought to be an inseparable part of elders' lives. Nowadays, Osteoporosis can be prevented due to significant scientific advances in its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Regarding the growing number of elderly people in the world, it is necessary for health policy-makers to think of measures to prevent and treat osteoporosis among the elders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Niloofar Darvishi
- Student research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yalda Bartina
- Department of Translation Studies, Faculty of Literature, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mojdeh Larti
- Student research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Kiaei
- Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahvan Hemmati
- Student research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shamarina Shohaimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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