251
|
Losina E, Klara K, Michl GL, Collins JE, Katz JN. Development and feasibility of a personalized, interactive risk calculator for knee osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:312. [PMID: 26494421 PMCID: PMC4618755 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is rising. While several risk factors have been associated with the development of knee OA, this information is not readily accessible to those at risk for osteoarthritis. Risk calculators have been developed for several prevalent chronic conditions but not for OA. Using published evidence on established risk factors, we developed an interactive, personalized knee OA risk calculator (OA Risk C) and conducted a pilot study to evaluate its acceptability and feasibility. Methods We used the Osteoarthritis Policy (OAPol) Model, a validated, state-transition simulation of the natural history and management of OA, to generate data for OA Risk C. Risk estimates for calculator users were based on a set of demographic and clinical factors (age, sex, race/ethnicity, obesity) and select risk factors (family history of knee OA, occupational exposure, and history of knee injury). OA Risk C presents personalized risk of knee OA in several ways to maximize understanding among a wide range of users. We conducted a study of 45 subjects in a primary care setting to establish the feasibility and acceptability of the OA risk calculator. Pilot study participants were asked several questions regarding ease of use, clarity of presentation, and clarity of the graphical representation of their risk. These questions used a five-level agreement scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Results OA Risk C depicts information about users’ risk of symptomatic knee OA in 5 year intervals. Study participants estimated their lifetime risk at 38 %, while their actual lifetime risk, as estimated by OA Risk C, was 25 %. Eighty-four percent of pilot study participants reported that OA Risk C was easy to understand, and 89 % agreed that the graphs depicting their risk were clear and comprehensible. Conclusions We have developed a personalized, computer-based OA risk calculator that is easy to use. OA Risk C may be utilized to estimate individuals’ knee OA risk and to deliver educational and behavioral interventions focused on osteoarthritis risk reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Losina
- Orthopaedic and Arthritis Center for Outcomes Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, BC 4-016, 02115, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Kristina Klara
- Orthopaedic and Arthritis Center for Outcomes Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, BC 4-016, 02115, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Griffin L Michl
- Orthopaedic and Arthritis Center for Outcomes Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, BC 4-016, 02115, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jamie E Collins
- Orthopaedic and Arthritis Center for Outcomes Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, BC 4-016, 02115, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jeffrey N Katz
- Orthopaedic and Arthritis Center for Outcomes Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, BC 4-016, 02115, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
252
|
Sharif B, Kopec J, Bansback N, Rahman MM, Flanagan WM, Wong H, Fines P, Anis A. Projecting the direct cost burden of osteoarthritis in Canada using a microsimulation model. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1654-63. [PMID: 26050868 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the future direct cost of OA in Canada using a population-based health microsimulation model of osteoarthritis (POHEM-OA). METHODS We used administrative health data from the province of British Columbia (BC), Canada, a survey of a random sample of BC residents diagnosed with OA (Ministry of Health of BC data), Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI) cost data and literature estimates to populate a microsimulation model. Cost components associated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, total joint replacement (TJR) surgery, as well as use of hospital resources and management of complications arising from the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) were included. Future costs were then simulated using the POHEM-OA model to construct profiles for each adult Canadian. RESULTS From 2010 to 2031, as the prevalence of OA is projected to increase from 13.8% to 18.6%, the total direct cost of OA is projected to increase from $2.9 billion to $7.6 billion, an almost 2.6-fold increase (in 2010 $CAD). From the highest to the lowest, the cost components that will constitute the total direct cost of OA in 2031 are hospitalization cost ($2.9 billion), outpatient services ($1.2 billion), alternative care and out-of-pocket cost categories ($1.2 billion), drugs ($1 billion), rehabilitation ($0.7 billion) and side-effect of drugs ($0.6 billion). CONCLUSIONS Projecting the future trends in the cost of OA enables policy makers to anticipate the significant shifts in its distribution of burden in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sharif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - J Kopec
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - N Bansback
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - M M Rahman
- Arthritis Research Centre of Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada; Department of Applied Statistics, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - W M Flanagan
- Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - H Wong
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - P Fines
- Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - A Anis
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
253
|
Whole-Body Vibration Exercise for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:758147. [PMID: 26347287 PMCID: PMC4540999 DOI: 10.1155/2015/758147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To assess the effects of WBV exercise on patients with KOA. Methods. Eight databases including Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched up to November 2014. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of WBV for KOA were eligible. The outcomes were pain intensity, functional performances, self-reported status, adverse events, and muscle strength. A meta-analysis was conducted. Results. Five trials with 168 participants provided data for the meta-analysis. No significant difference was shown in pain intensity and self-reported status between WBV and other forms of exercise. Improvement in functional performance (evaluated by BBS; WMD, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.29 to 4.62; P = 0.0005) was greater in WBV group, but the other parameters of functional performance (including 6MWT and TGUG) revealed no statistically significant difference. Adverse events were only reported in one trial and no significant difference was discovered in muscle strength. The overall quality of evidence was very low. Conclusion. Currently there is only limited evidence that suggested that WBV is effective in the treatment of KOA. Large, well-designed RCTs with better designs are needed.
Collapse
|
254
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevailing form of joint disease, with symptoms affecting 10 - 12% of the adult population with a projection of a 50% increase in prevalence in the next two decades. The disease characteristics are defined by articular cartilage damage, low-grade synovial inflammation and hypertrophic bone changes, leading to pain and functional deterioration. To date, available pain treatments are limited in their efficacy and have associated toxicities. No structural disease modification agents have been approved by regulatory agencies for this indication. AREAS COVERED We reviewed drugs in Phase II - III for OA pain and joint structure modification. Different aspects of structure modification are divided into targets of inflammatory pathway, cartilage catabolism and anabolism, and subchondral bone remodeling. EXPERT OPINION Further insight into the pathophysiology of the disease will allow for development of novel target classes focusing on the link between symptomatology and structural changes. Given the complexity of OA, one single therapy is unlikely to be universally and uniformly effective. Promising therapies are under development, but there are obstacles in the translation of treatment from preclinical models and trial designs need to be cognizant of the complex reasons for previous trial failures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Pei-Chun Yu
- a 1 Royal North Shore Hospital, Department of Rheumatology , St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
255
|
Moyer RF, Hunter DJ. Osteoarthritis in 2014: Changing how we define and treat patients with OA. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2014; 11:65-6. [PMID: 25512014 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Important advances in 2014 foster new perspectives on definitions of early and end-stage disease, and promote a shift in the clinical management of osteoarthritis (OA) through implementing treatment algorithms intended to minimize strain on current health-care models. Collectively, these changes shed new light on developing and optimizing approaches to OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F Moyer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - David J Hunter
- Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| |
Collapse
|