251
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Zhu Y, Cai H, Ding H, Pan N, Wang X. Fabrication of Low-Cost and Highly Sensitive Graphene-Based Pressure Sensors by Direct Laser Scribing Polydimethylsiloxane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6195-6200. [PMID: 30666869 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cost-effective production of flexible interconnects is a challenge in epidermal electronics. Here we report a low-cost approach for producing and patterning graphene films from polydimethylsiloxane films by direct laser scribing in ambient air. The produced graphene films exhibit high electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical properties and can thus be used directly as a flexible conductive layer without the need for metals. The skinlike pressure sensor with these layers exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity (∼480 kPa-1) while maintaining the fast response/relaxation time (2 μs/3 μs) and excellent cycle stability (>4000 repetitive cycles). Moreover, it can naturally attach to the skin to monitor the wrist pulse. In addition, a 7 × 7 sensor array has been fabricated, which possesses the capability to detect the spatial distribution of pressure. This device has great potential for application in epidermal electronics because of its low cost and high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsong Zhu
- Department of Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Huaiyi Ding
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Nan Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, School of Physical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, School of Physical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
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252
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Dosi M, Lau I, Zhuang Y, Simakov DSA, Fowler MW, Pope MA. Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Methane Sensors Based on Solid Polymer Electrolyte-Infused Laser-Induced Graphene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6166-6173. [PMID: 30648868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, with large emissions occurring across gas distribution networks and mining/extraction infrastructure. The development of inexpensive, low-power electrochemical sensors could provide a cost-effective means to carry out distributed sensing to identify leaks for rapid mitigation. In this work, we demonstrate a simple and cost-effective strategy to rapidly prototype ultrasensitive electrochemical gas sensors. A room-temperature methane sensor is evaluated which demonstrates the highest reported sensitivity (0.55 μA/ppm/cm2) with a rapid response time (40 s) enabling sub-ppm detection. Porous, laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes are patterned directly into commercial polymer films and imbibed with a palladium nanoparticle dispersion to distribute the electrocatalyst within the high surface area support. A pseudo-solid-state ionic liquid/polyvinylidene fluoride electrolyte was painted onto the flexible cell yielding a porous electrolyte, within the porous LIG electrode, simultaneously facilitating rapid gas transport and enabling the room temperature electro-oxidation pathway for methane. The performance of the amperometric sensor is evaluated as a function of methane concentration, relative humidity, and tested against interfering gases.
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253
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Jiao L, Chua ZY, Moon SK, Song J, Bi G, Zheng H, Lee B, Koo J. Laser-Induced Graphene on Additive Manufacturing Parts. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9010090. [PMID: 30641948 PMCID: PMC6359314 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has become more prominent in leading industries. Recently, there have been intense efforts to achieve a fully functional 3D structural electronic device by integrating conductive structures into AM parts. Here, we introduce a simple approach to creating a conductive layer on a polymer AM part by CO2 laser processing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy were employed to analyze laser-induced modifications in surface morphology and surface chemistry. The results suggest that conductive porous graphene was obtained from the AM-produced carbon precursor after the CO2 laser scanning. At a laser power of 4.5 W, the lowest sheet resistance of 15.9 Ω/sq was obtained, indicating the excellent electrical conductivity of the laser-induced graphene (LIG). The conductive graphene on the AM parts could serve as an electrical interconnection and shows a potential for the manufacturing of electronics components. An interdigital electrode capacitor was written on the AM parts to demonstrate the capability of LIG. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and cyclability testing demonstrated good electrochemical performance of the LIG capacitor. These findings may create opportunities for the integration of laser direct writing electronic and additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishi Jiao
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhong Yang Chua
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Seung Ki Moon
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Jie Song
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 73 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637662, Singapore.
| | - Guijun Bi
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 73 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637662, Singapore.
| | - Hongyu Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Byunghoon Lee
- Global Technology Center, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon 16677, Korea.
| | - Jamyeong Koo
- Global Technology Center, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon 16677, Korea.
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254
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Mahmood F, Zhang C, Xie Y, Stalla D, Lin J, Wan C. Transforming lignin into porous graphene via direct laser writing for solid-state supercapacitors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:22713-22720. [PMID: 35519455 PMCID: PMC9067130 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04073k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cost-effective valorization of lignin into carbon-based electrode materials remains a challenge. Here we reported a facile and ultrafast laser writing technique to convert lignin into porous graphene as active electrode material for solid-state supercapacitors (SCs). During laser writing, alkaline lignin experienced graphitization. By controlling laser parameters such as power the porous structure and graphitization degree can be well modulated. Graphene obtained at 80% of laser power setting (LIG-80) had higher graphene quality and more porous structure than that obtained at the lower power levels (i.e., 50%, 70%). TEM images revealed that LIG-80 had few-layer graphene structure with fringe-like patterns. LIG-80 proved to be an active electrode material for SCs with a specific capacitance as high as 25.44 mF cm−2 in a H2SO4/PVA gel electrolyte, which is comparable or even superior to SCs based on pristine LIG obtained from other carbon precursors. Taken together, our proposed technical route for lignin-based LIG and subsequent application in SCs would not only open a new avenue to lignin valorization, but also produce porous graphene from a renewable carbon precursor for energy storage applications. Direct laser writing transforms alkaline lignin into porous graphene for solid-state supercapacitors with high electrochemical performance.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Biomedical, Biological, and Chemical Engineering
- University of Missouri
- Columbia 65211
- USA
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- University of Missouri
- Columbia 65211
- USA
| | - Yunchao Xie
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- University of Missouri
- Columbia 65211
- USA
| | - David Stalla
- Electron Microscopy Core
- University of Missouri
- Columbia 65211
- USA
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- University of Missouri
- Columbia 65211
- USA
| | - Caixia Wan
- Department of Biomedical, Biological, and Chemical Engineering
- University of Missouri
- Columbia 65211
- USA
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255
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Ye R, James DK, Tour JM. Laser-Induced Graphene: From Discovery to Translation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803621. [PMID: 30368919 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a 3D porous material prepared by direct laser writing with a CO2 laser on carbon materials in ambient atmosphere. This technique combines 3D graphene preparation and patterning into a single step without the need for wet chemical steps. Since its discovery in 2014, LIG has attracted broad research interest, with several papers being published per month using this approach. These serve to delineate the mechanism of the LIG-forming process and to showcase the translation into many application areas. Herein, the strategies that have been developed to synthesize LIG are summarized, including the control of LIG properties such as porosity, composition, and surface characteristics, and the advancement in methodology to convert diverse carbon precursors into LIG. Taking advantage of the LIG properties, the applications of LIG in broad fields, such as microfluidics, sensors, and electrocatalysts, are highlighted. Finally, future development in biodegradable and biocompatible materials is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Dustin K James
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute and the NanoCarbon Center, Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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256
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Gupta A, Holoidovsky L, Thamaraiselvan C, Thakur AK, Singh SP, Meijler MM, Arnusch CJ. Silver-doped laser-induced graphene for potent surface antibacterial activity and anti-biofilm action. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6890-6893. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02415h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles embedded in laser-induced graphene surfaces were generated in a one step process, resulting in highly antibacterial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Israel
| | - Lara Holoidovsky
- Department of Chemistry
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Be'er Sheva
- Israel
| | - Chidambaram Thamaraiselvan
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Israel
| | - Amit K. Thakur
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Israel
| | - Swatantra P. Singh
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Israel
| | - Michael M. Meijler
- Department of Chemistry
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Be'er Sheva
- Israel
| | - Christopher J. Arnusch
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Israel
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257
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Bettinger CJ. Materialien und Strukturen für schluckbare elektromechanische medizinische Funktionseinheiten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Bettinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890 USA
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258
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Xu G, Jarjes ZA, Wang HW, Phillips ARJ, Kilmartin PA, Travas-Sejdic J. Detection of Neurotransmitters by Three-Dimensional Laser-Scribed Graphene Grass Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:42136-42145. [PMID: 30444110 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials possess superb properties and have contributed considerably to the advancement of integrated point-of-care chemical and biological sensing devices. Graphene has been widely researched as a signal transducing and sensing material. Here, a grass-like laser-scribed graphene (LSG) was synthesized by direct laser induction on common polyimide plastics. The resulting LSG grass was employed as a disposable electrochemical sensor for the detection of three neurotransmitters, dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EP), and norepinephrine (NE), and in the presence of uric acid and ascorbic acid as potential interferants, using differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry. The LSG grass sensor achieved sensitivities of 0.243, 0.067, and 0.110 μA μM-1 for DA, EP, and NE, respectively, whereas the limits of detection were 0.43, 1.1, and 1.3 μM, respectively. The selectivity of LSG grass was excellent for competing biomarkers with high structural similarity (EP vs NE and EP vs DA). The exceptional performance of LSG grass for DA, EP, and NE detection holds a promising future for carbon nanomaterial sensors with unique surface morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Xu
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
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259
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Sun B, McCay RN, Goswami S, Xu Y, Zhang C, Ling Y, Lin J, Yan Z. Gas-Permeable, Multifunctional On-Skin Electronics Based on Laser-Induced Porous Graphene and Sugar-Templated Elastomer Sponges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1804327. [PMID: 30306662 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Soft on-skin electronics have broad applications in human healthcare, human-machine interface, robotics, and others. However, most current on-skin electronic devices are made of materials with limited gas permeability, which constrain perspiration evaporation, resulting in adverse physiological and psychological effects, limiting their long-term feasibility. In addition, the device fabrication process usually involves e-beam or photolithography, thin-film deposition, etching, and/or other complicated procedures, which are costly and time-consuming, constraining their practical applications. Here, a simple, general, and effective approach for making multifunctional on-skin electronics using porous materials with high-gas permeability, consisting of laser-patterned porous graphene as the sensing components and sugar-templated silicone elastomer sponges as the substrates, is reported. The prototype device examples include electrophysiological sensors, hydration sensors, temperature sensors, and joule-heating elements, showing signal qualities comparable to conventional, rigid, gas-impermeable devices. Moreover, the devices exhibit high water-vapor permeability (≈18 mg cm-2 h-1 ), ≈18 times higher than that of the silicone elastomers without pores, and also show high water-wicking rates after polydopamine treatment, up to 1 cm per 30 s, which is comparable to that of cotton. The on-skin devices with such attributes could facilitate perspiration transport and evaporation, and minimize discomfort and inflammation risks, thereby improving their long-term feasiblity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Richard N McCay
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Shivam Goswami
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Yadong Xu
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Zheng Yan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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260
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Bettinger CJ. Advances in Materials and Structures for Ingestible Electromechanical Medical Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16946-16958. [PMID: 29999578 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ingestible biomedical devices that diagnose, prevent, or treat diseases has been a dream of engineers and clinicians for decades. The increasing apparent importance of gut health on overall well-being and the prevalence of many gastrointestinal diseases have renewed focus on this emerging class of medical devices. Several prominent examples of commercially successful ingestible medical devices exist. However, many technical challenges remain before ingestible medical devices can achieve their full clinical potential. This Minireview summarizes recent discoveries in this interdisciplinary topic including novel materials, advanced materials processing techniques, and select examples of integrated ingestible electromechanical systems. After a brief historical perspective, these topics will be reviewed with a dedicated focus on advanced functional materials and fabrication strategies in the context of clinical translation and potential regulatory considerations. Future perspectives, challenges, and opportunities related to ingestible medical devices will also be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Bettinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
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261
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Qiao Y, Wang Y, Tian H, Li M, Jian J, Wei Y, Tian Y, Wang DY, Pang Y, Geng X, Wang X, Zhao Y, Wang H, Deng N, Jian M, Zhang Y, Liang R, Yang Y, Ren TL. Multilayer Graphene Epidermal Electronic Skin. ACS NANO 2018; 12:8839-8846. [PMID: 30040381 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to its excellent flexibility, graphene has an important application prospect in epidermal electronic sensors. However, there are drawbacks in current devices, such as sensitivity, range, lamination, and artistry. In this work, we have demonstrated a multilayer graphene epidermal electronic skin based on laser scribing graphene, whose patterns are programmable. A process has been developed to remove the unreduced graphene oxide. This method makes the epidermal electronic skin not only transferable to butterflies, human bodies, and any other objects inseparably and elegantly, merely with the assistance of water, but also have better sensitivity and stability. Therefore, pattern electronic skin could attach to every object like artwork. When packed in Ecoflex, electronic skin exhibits excellent performance, including ultrahigh sensitivity (gauge factor up to 673), large strain range (as high as 10%), and long-term stability. Therefore, many subtle physiological signals can be detected based on epidermal electronic skin with a single graphene line. Electronic skin with multiple graphene lines is employed to detect large-range human motion. To provide a deeper understanding of the resistance variation mechanism, a physical model is established to explain the relationship between the crack directions and electrical characteristics. These results show that graphene epidermal electronic skin has huge potential in health care and intelligent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancong Qiao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yunfan Wang
- Institute of Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - He Tian
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Institute of Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jinming Jian
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yuhong Wei
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Ye Tian
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Dan-Yang Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yu Pang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xiangshun Geng
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yunfei Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics (CNMM) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Ningqin Deng
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics (CNMM) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics (CNMM) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Renrong Liang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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262
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Antonelou A, Benekou V, Dracopoulos V, Kollia M, Yannopoulos SN. Laser-induced transformation of graphitic materials to two-dimensional graphene-like structures at ambient conditions. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:384001. [PMID: 29949519 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aacf85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Laser processing of carbon compounds towards the formation of graphene-based structures gains ground in view of the practicality that lasers offer against other conventional graphene preparation methods. The current work explores the viability of low-cost lasers, operating at ambient conditions, for the transformation of various graphitic materials to structures with graphene-like atomic arrangements. Starting materials are at two opposing sides. On one side stands the typical graphite crystal with Bernal stacking and strong sp 2 character, while nanocrystalline graphitic powders are also investigated. It is demonstrated that graphene-like structures can be prepared either by starting from a well-organized Bernal-stacked network or by irradiating nanocrystalline carbon. The current findings document that laser processing at minimal chamber conditions shows high potential for preparing high-quality graphene-based structures starting from low-cost materials. Apart from being scalable, the proposed method is adaptable to current technological platforms emerging as a viable and eco-friendly graphene production technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Antonelou
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), PO Box 1414, GR-26504, Rio-Patras, Greece
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263
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang P, Liu F, Luo S. Laser-Induced Freestanding Graphene Papers: A New Route of Scalable Fabrication with Tunable Morphologies and Properties for Multifunctional Devices and Structures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802350. [PMID: 30085386 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The recently emergent laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology has endowed the fabrication of smart devices with one-step processing and scalable/designable features. Graphene paper (GP), an important architecture of 2D layered carbon, however, is never produced through LIG. Herein, a novel strategy is reported for production of freestanding GP through LIG technology. It is first determined that the unique spatial configuration of polyimide (PI) paper is critical for the preparation of GP without the appearance of intense shape distortion. Benefiting from the mechanism, the as-produced laser-induced graphene paper (LIGP) is foldable, trimmable, and integratable to customized shapes and structures with the largest dimension of 40 × 35 cm2 . Based on the processing-structure-property relationship study, one is capable of controlling and tuning various physical and chemical properties of LIGPs, rendering them unique for assembling flexible electronics and smart structures, e.g., human/robotic motion detectors, liquid sensors, water-oil separators, antibacterial media, and flame retardant/deicing/self-sensing composites. With the key findings, the escalation of LIGP for commercialization, roll-to-roll manufacturing, and multidisciplinary applications are highly expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fu Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Sida Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
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264
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Abstract
Research on graphene abounds, from fundamental science to device applications. In pursuit of complementary morphologies, formation of graphene foams is often preferred over the native two-dimensional (2D) forms due to the higher available area. Graphene foams have been successfully prepared by several routes including chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods and by wet-chemical approaches. For these methods, one often needs either high temperature furnaces and highly pure gases or large amounts of strong acids and oxidants. In 2014, using a commercial laser scribing system as found in most machine shops, a direct lasing of polyimide (PI) plastic films in the air converted the PI into 3D porous graphene, a material termed laser-induced graphene (LIG). This is a one-step method without the need for high-temperature reaction conditions, solvent, or subsequent treatments, and it affords graphene with many five-and seven-membered rings. With such an atomic arrangement, one might call LIG "kinetic graphene" since there is no annealing in the process that causes the rearrangement to the preferred all-six-membered-ring form. In this Account, we will first introduce the approaches that have been developed for making LIG and to control the morphology as either porous sheets or fibrils, and to control porosity, composition, and surface properties. The surfaces can be varied from being either superhydrophilic with a 0° contact angle with water to being superhydrophobic having >150° contact angle with water. While it was initially thought that the LIG process could only be performed on PI, it was later shown that a host of other polymeric substrates, nonpolymers, metal/plastic composites, and biodegradable and naturally occurring materials and foods could be used as platforms for generating LIG. Methods of preparation include roll-to-roll production for fabrication of in-plane electronics and two different 3D printing (additive manufacturing) routes to specific shapes of LIG monoliths using both laminated object manufacturing and powder bed fabrication methods. Use of the LIG in devices is performed very simply. This is showcased with high performance supercapacitors, fuel cell materials for oxygen reduction reactions, water splitting for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions coming from the same plastic sheet, sensor devices, oil/water purification platforms, and finally applications in both passive and active biofilm inhibitors. So the ease of formation of LIG, its simple scale-up, and its utility for a range of applications highlights the easy transition of this substrate-bound graphene foam into commercial device platforms.
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Miao J, Liu H, Li Y, Zhang X. Biodegradable Transparent Substrate Based on Edible Starch-Chitosan Embedded with Nature-Inspired Three-Dimensionally Interconnected Conductive Nanocomposites for Wearable Green Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:23037-23047. [PMID: 29905073 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Electronic waste (E-waste) contain large environmental contaminants such as toxic heavy metals and hazardous chemicals. These contaminants would migrate into drinking water or food chains and pose a serious threat to environment and human health. Biodegradable green electronics has great potential to address the issue of E-waste. Here, we report on a novel biodegradable and flexible transparent electrode, integrating three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected conductive nanocomposites into edible starch-chitosan-based substrates. Starch and chitosan are extracted from abundant and inexpensive potato and crab shells, respectively. Nacre-inspired interface designs are introduced to construct a 3D interconnected single wall carbon nanotube (SCNT)-pristine graphene (PG)-conductive polymer network architecture. The inorganic one-dimensional SCNT and two-dimensional PG sheets are tightly cross-linked together at the junction interface by long organic conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) chains. The formation of a 3D continuous SCNT-PG-PEDOT conductive network leads to not only a low sheet resistance but also a superior flexibility. The flexible transparent electrode possesses an excellent optoelectronic performance: typically, a sheet resistance of 46 Ω/sq with a transmittance of 83.5% at a typical wavelength of 550 nm. The sheet resistance of the electrode slightly increased less than 3% even after hundreds of bending cycles. The lightweight flexible and biocompatible transparent electrode could conform to skin topography or any other arbitrary surface naturally. The edible starch-chitosan substrate-based transparent electrodes could be biodegraded in lysozyme solution rapidly at room temperature without producing any toxic residues. SCNT-PG-PEDOT can be recycled via a membrane process for further fabrication of conductive and reinforcement composites. This high-performance biodegradable transparent electrode is a promising material for next-generation wearable green optoelectronics, transient electronics, and edible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Haihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Yongbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Xingxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China
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266
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Romero FJ, Salinas-Castillo A, Rivadeneyra A, Albrecht A, Godoy A, Morales DP, Rodriguez N. In-Depth Study of Laser Diode Ablation of Kapton Polyimide for Flexible Conductive Substrates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E517. [PMID: 29997329 PMCID: PMC6070914 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a detailed study of the photothermal ablation of Kapton® polyimide by a laser diode targeting its electrical conductivity enhancement. Laser-treated samples were structurally characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), as well as Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy. The results show that the laser-assisted ablation constitutes a simple one-step and environmental friendly method to induce graphene-derived structures on the surface of polyimide films. The laser-modified surface was also electrically characterized through the Transmission Line Method (TLM) aiming at the improvement of the conductivity of the samples by tuning the laser power and the extraction of the contact resistance of the electrodes. Once the laser-ablation process is optimized, the samples increase their conductivity up to six orders of magnitude, being comparable to that of graphene obtained by chemical vapor deposition or by the reduction of graphene-oxide. Additionally, we show that the contact resistance can be decreased down to promising values of ∼2 Ω when using silver-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Romero
- Pervasive Electronics Advanced Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Almudena Rivadeneyra
- Institute for Nanoelectronics, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany.
| | - Andreas Albrecht
- Institute for Nanoelectronics, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany.
| | - Andres Godoy
- Pervasive Electronics Advanced Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Diego P Morales
- Pervasive Electronics Advanced Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Noel Rodriguez
- Pervasive Electronics Advanced Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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267
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Hong Q, Yang L, Ge L, Liu Z, Li F. Direct-laser-writing of three-dimensional porous graphene frameworks on indium-tin oxide for sensitive electrochemical biosensing. Analyst 2018; 143:3327-3334. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00888d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Direct-laser-writing of three-dimensional porous graphene frameworks on indium-tin-oxide glass towards the fabrication of a unique electrode with outstanding electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Ge
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenhui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
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